MITRC REFRESHER

REFRESHER COURSE

ANSWER KEY

1.

Referred to as a ferrite device that can be used in lieu of a

duplexer to isolate a microwave transmitter and receiver when
both are connected to the same antenna.
a. Isolator
b. Circulator
c. Coupler
d. Diode

2.

What is the principal mode of a rectangular waveguide?

a. TEM
b. TE11
c. TE10
d. TM11

3.

What microwave device combines the advantages of the klystron

and the Traveling Wave Tube?
a. Stripline
b. Microstrip
c. Cfa
d. Twystron

4.

A microwave tube that uses a slow-wave structure as an input

section that is isolated from another slow-wave section at its
output.
a. Klystron
b. Magnetron
c. Twystron
d. TWT

5.

Which of the following is a microwave frequency?

a. 1.7 MHz
b. 750 MHz
c. 0.98 GHz
d. 22 GHz

7.

Which of the following permits a microwave signal to travel in one

direction with virtually no loss but severely attenuates any signal
attempting to travel in the reverse direction?
a. Isolator
b. Wave trap
c. Tunnel diode
d. Circulator

9.

11. A measure of the reliability expressed as the average number of

hours between successive failures.
a. MTBF
b. MTTR
c. Downtime
d. Outage time
12. A microwave band of 18 to 27 GHz is considered as the ______
band.
a. C
b. X
c. Q
d. K
13. The radius in the circular zone is in the first fresnel zone when the
reflected path is ______ longer than the direct path.
a. Half wavelength
b. Wavelength
c. Quarter wavelength
d. 2wavelengths
14. The microwave path wherein the microwave beam just barely
touches the obstruction.
a. LOS
b. Grazing
c. Obstructed path
d. Direct path
15. A fade margin of 28 dB has a reliability of
a. 99%
b. 99.9%
c. 99.99%
d. 99.999%

A waveguide acts as a
a. LPF
b. HPF
c. BPF
d. Resonator

6.

8.

Microwaves

16. The velocity of a resultant wave as it travels through the

waveguide.
a. Speed of light
b. Group velocity
c. Phase velocity
d. Incident velocity
17. The smallest free space wavelength that is just unable to
propagate in the waveguide under given conditions.
a. Guide
b. Phase
c. Cut-off
d. Group
18. Indicate which of the following cannot be followed by the word
"waveguide".
a. Elliptical
b. Flexible
c. Coaxial
d. Ridge

A waveguide has a cut-off frequency of 17 GHz. Which of the

following signals will not pass thru the waveguide?
a. 15 GHz
b. 18 Ghz
c. 22 GHz
d. 255 GHz

19. Which of the following waveguide tuning components is not easily

adjustable?
a. Screw
b. Stub
c. Iris
d. Plunger

When the electric field is perpendicular to the direction of

propagation, the mode is said to be
a. Vertically polarized
b. Horizontally polarized
c. Transverse electric
d. Transverse magnetic

20. What microwave component can sample part of the power

traveling thru the waveguide?
a. Directional coupler
b. Magic tee
c. Circulator
d. Isolator

10. Which of the following is not a microwave tube?

a. TWT
b. CRT
c. Klystron
d. Magnetron

21. A rectangular waveguide is 5.1 cm by 2.4 cm. The cut-off

frequency for the dominant mode is
1

MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

a.
b.
c.
d.

Microwave
c.
d.

2.94 GHz
6.25 GHz
664 MHz
57.7 GHz

Radiation field
Radiation pattern

32. Which of the following is unlikely to be used as a pulse device?

a. TWT
b. CFA
c. BWO
d. Multicavity Klystron

22. If the MTBF of a communications circuit is 20,000 hours and its

MTTR is 5 hours, what is its unavailability?
a. 0.00025
b. 99.975%
c. 0.25%
d. 0.975%

33. The wavelength of microwaves at 100 GHz?

a. 3 cm
b. 0.3 cm
c. 0.03 cm
d. 0.3 m

23. What would be the ERP, in watts, if the transmitter output is 30

dBm and the waveguide loss is 20 dB and the antenna connected
to it has a power gain of 60 dB?
a. 10000 watts
b. 1000 watts
c. 100 watts
d. 10 watts

34. The k factor under normal atmospheric conditions in a microwave

radio data profile calculation is
a. 2/3
b. 0
c. 4/3
d. 1

24. A waveguide section used to couple a circular to a rectangular

waveguide.
a. Taper
b. Twist
c. Bend
d. Tee

35. To install an antenna with an LOS transmission at a distance of 75

miles, determine the height of a receiving antenna if the
transmitting antenna is 250 ft.
a. 1385 ft
b. 600 ft
c. 400 ft
d. 255 ft

25. A waveguide section used to change the signal polarization

a. Taper
b. Twist
c. Bend
d. Tee

36. Determine the gain of a 6 ft parabolic dish operating at 1800 MHz.

a. 30 dB
b. 11.2 dB
c. 15.5 dB
d. 28.17 dB

26. A waveguide section used to combine two or more signals

a. Taper
b. Twist
c. Bend
d. Tee

37. What is the free space loss, in dB, between two microwave
antennas 38 km apart operating at 7 GHz?
a. 145.6 dB
b. 138.5 dB
c. 135.5 dB
d. 140.89 dB

27. A signal propagated in a waveguide has a full wave of electric field

intensity change between two further walls and no component of
the electric field in the direction of propagation. The mode is
a. TE11
b. TE10
c. TM22
d. TE20

38. How many receiving antenna(s) are used with frequency diversity?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

28. A microwave transmission line constructed of a center conductor

suspended between parallel conductive ground planes is called
a. Microstrip
b. Coax
c. Stripline
d. Waveguide

39. A type of diversity reception, where the output of the transmitter is

fed to two or more antennas that are physically separated by an
appreciable number of wavelengths.
a. Frequency
b. Space
c. Angle
d. Polarization

29. The principal characteristic of tunnel diodes

a. Negative resistance region
b. High forward current rating
c. Very high piv
d. High forward resistance

40. Which of the following is used as a high power microwave

oscillator?
a. Thyratron
b. Magnetron
c. Klystron
d. Twystron

30. A metal wrapped around the parabolic antenna aperture to

eliminate sidelobes interferin nearby stations.
a. Radome
b. Shield
c. Shroud
d. Bass drum

41. A microwave communications system space loss calculation

formula
a. 94.2 + 20 log F + 20 log D
b. 92.4 + 20 log F + 20 log D
c. 94.2 + 10 log F + 20 log D
d. 92.3 + 10 log F + 20 log D

31. The region within the influence of the induction field of an antenna.
a. Far field
b. Near field
2

MITRC REFRESHER
REFRESHER COURSE

ANSWER KEY

Microwaves

42. Which of the following frequency bands fall under the microwave
band?
a. UHF and SHF
b. SHF and EHF
c. UHF, SHF and EHF
d. VLF, LF and MF

52. Which of the following microwave tubes uses the principle of

velocity modulation?
a. TWT
b. CFA
c. Magnetron
d. klystron

43. Find the cut-off frequency for a waveguide in the TE21 mode if the
dimensions of the guide are 3 by 1.5 cm with wall thickness of 0.08
cm.
a. 14.14 GHz
b. 5 GHz
c. 5.28 GHz
d. 15.39 GHz

53. An X band radar operates in which frequency band?

a. 1 - 2 GHz
b. 2 - 4 GHz
c. 4 - 8 GHz
d. 8 - 12 GHz
54. Calculate the cut-off wavelength, the guide wavelength and the
characteristic impedance of a circular waveguide whose internal
diameter is 4 cm for a 10 GHz signal propagated in it in the
dominant mode. (kr = 1.84)
a. 6.83 cm, 3 cm, 420 ohms
b. 3 cm, 6.83 cm, 420 ohms
c. 6.83 cm, 3.34 cm, 420 ohms
d. 6.83 cm, 3.34 cm, 338 ohms

44. The progressive decrease of signal strength with increasing

distance
a. Radiation
b. Attenuation
c. Modulation
d. Propagation

55. A wave is propagated in a parallel plane waveguide. The

frequency is 6 GHz and the plane separation is 3 cm. The cut-off
wavelength for the dominant mode, the group and phase velocities
are
a. 5 cm, 166 Mm/sec, 543 Mm/sec
b. 6 cm, 166 Mm/sec, 543 Mm/sec
c. 6 cm, 543 Mm/sec, 166 Mm/sec
d. 5 cm, 543 Mm/sec, 166 Mm/sec

45. A magnetic field is introduced into the waveguide by a

a. probe
b. dipole
c. stripline
d. capacitor
46. Varactor and step recovery diodes are widely used in what type of
circuit?
a. Amplifier
b. Oscillator
c. Frequency multiplier
d. Mixer

56. The following are negative resistance amplifiers except

a. Tunnel
b. Gunn
c. IMPATT
d. PIN diode

47. The optimum clearance from an obstacle in a microwave system is

accepted as ________ of the first fresnel zone radius.
a. 0.6
b. 0.5
c. 0.9
d. 1.5

57. A cross between the TWT and the magnetron in its operation
a. CFA
b. BWO
c. EIA
d. Twystron

48. A range of microwave frequencies more easily passed by the

atmosphere than the others
a. Window
b. Critical frequency
c. Gyro frequency
d. Resonant

58. Diodes designed to store energy in their capacitance during

forward bias and generates harmonics in the reverse bias
a. Step recovery
b. Gunn
c. APD
d. IMPATT

49. When microwave signals follow the curvature of the earth, this is
known as
a. Faraday effect
b. Ducting
c. Troposcatter
d. Ionospheric reflection

59. Topographical maps are maps used for microwave

communications systems design because _________ are shown,
thereby elevations are known.
a. Latitudes
b. Longitudes
c. Contour lines
d. Scales

50. A waveguide mode in which there is no component of electric field

in the direction of propagation given in the British European
standards
a. H mode
b. E mode
c. TE mode
d. TM mode

60. Surface Acoustic Waves propagate in

a. GaAs
b. Indium Phosphide
c. Stripline
d. Quartz crystal
61. What do you call the process of speeding up and slowing down the
beam of electrons in the vacuum tube?
a. Velocity modulation
b. Logitudinal velocity
c. Gyrofrequency
d. Group frequency

51. The subscript which indicates the number of half wavelengths

along the waveguide height
a. m
b. n
c. a
d. b
3

MITRC REFRESHER COURSE

Microwave

62. What is the name of the microwave transmission line that is used
with printed circuits?
a. Ferrite loop
b. Coax
c. Waveguide
d. Microstrip
63. The output of a LASER is monochromatic; this means that it is
a. Infrared
b. Narrow beam
c. Polarized
d. Single frequency
64. The attenuator is used in the TWT to
a. Help bunching
b. Prevent oscillation
c. Prevent saturation
d. Increase gain
65. The angle between electric and magnetic fields in a waveguide is
a. 90 degrees
b. 0 degrees
c. 180 degrees
d. 360 degrees
l
66. Materials generally preferred for waveguides are
a. Brass and aluminum
b. Cast iron and steel
c. Non-metallic solids
d. High carbon steel and vanadian steel
67. Waveguide feeders are pressurized to
a. Reduce loss
b. Reduce noise
c. Detect faults
d. Prevent ingress of moisture
68. In order to reduce cross-sectional dimension, which of the
following waveguides is preferred?
a. Flexible
b. Rectangular
c. Circular
d. Ridged
69. A low noise, low power, narrow band microwave amplifier utilizing
a varactor to achieve gain
a. Parametric amplifier
b. LNA
c. SAW
d. CFA
70. Which of the following uses buncher and catcher cavities?
a. magnetron
b. klystron
c. TWT
d. Stripline