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I So Tonicity
I So Tonicity
ISOTONICITY
Body fluids, including blood and tears, have the same osmotic
dissociation in water?
Assume that we have 100 particles of NaCl prior to
dissociation. Upon
80% dissociation, 100 molecules of sodium chloride yield:
dissociation in water?
Assume that we have 100 particles of zinc chloride prior to
dissociation.
Upon 80% dissociation, 100 molecules of zinc chloride yield:
Thus, 0.9% sodium chloride has the same osmotic pressure and
the same
freezing point depression of 0.52 as that of blood plasma, red
blood cells, and tears.
Drug solutions which have a freezing point depression of 0.52
are, therefore, isotonic with blood.
A list of freezing point depression values of selected compounds at
1% concentration .
These _Tf values may be used to calculate the concentration of
tonicity agents, such as sodium chloride or boric acid, needed to
render a hypotonic drug solution isotonic with blood plasma. The
following steps may be used to find the percentage concentration
of NaCl required to render hypotonic drug solutions isotonic with
blood plasma: