Tutorial (Chapter-1)

1. Find the power requirement of engines used for automotive application as indicated below.
Consider the road friction, air drag and transient load as necessary for each case. Take the rolling
friction coefficient as 0.012 and drag coefficient as 0.4. Find the percentage contribution of each
component of the required power.

Vehicle
Scooter
Car
Bus

Speed (km/h)
80
80
80

Mass (kg)
150
1500
15000

Frontal area Accelerating

distance
(m2)
for 0 to 80 km/ h (m)
0.30
100
1.80
400
4.50
1000

2. For each of the vehicles above find out the speed at which it can climb a slope of 15 O. Find the
percentage contribution of the road friction, air resistance and gravity load to the total power for
this case.
3. For the cases shown in the first problem design naturally aspirated engines (type listed in the
Table below). Design output should include the following parameters, a. Engine volume in cc. , b.
Number of cylinders, c. Engine stroke and bore (mm), d. Maximum torque (Nm), e. Power at
maximum torque (kW). For this design you will have to use appropriate design values for BMEP (at
maximum power and torque), maximum piston speed etc.

Scooter
Car
Bus

2S SI
4S SI
4S SI
4S CI
4S SI
4S CI

Max
rated Speed at max
speed (rpm)
Torque (rpm)
5000
3000
5000
3000
5000
2500
5000
2500
5000
2500
5000
2500

For all the above cases, also estimate the fuel consumption in l/h for the situation in problem 2.
Assume appropriate values for specific fuel consumption for the different engines.
4. In a four stroke, single cylinder, diesel engine, indicate the direction (TDC to BDC or BDC to TDC)
and relative magnitude (as low, medium and high) of the inertia force and gas pressure force on the
small end of the connecting rod (piston pin) due to the piston at the following positions:
a) TDC, 45aTDC, 90 aTDC and BDC during suction and
b) BDC, 45aBDC, 90 aBDC and TDC during compression
5. Derive an expression for engine power in terms of thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency,
equivalence ratio, displacement volume, air density, engine speed etc.