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Physics Perfect Score Module Form 4
Physics Perfect Score Module Form 4
PHYSICS FORM 4
SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH
2010
SLOT
TOPIC
INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICS
LIGHT
PHYSICS MODULE
PANEL MEMBERS
PN JENNYTA BT NOORBI
SM SAINS SEREMBAN
PN NOR RIZAH BT BONGKEK
SEKOLAH TUN FATIMAH
PN NORAINI BT ITHNIN
SM SAINS TUANKU JAAFAR
PN NOR PATIMAH BT MD JIDIN
SM SAINS SEREMBAN
EN KHAIRUL AZMAN B MD AMIN
SM SAINS SEREMBAN
EN MOHD SAIFUNIZAM B ZAKARIA
SBP INTEGRASI JEMPOL
What is meant by
1. Physical quantity
2. Base quantities
3. Derived Quantities
Statement
Physical characteristic that can be measured
Quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other base
quantities
Quantities that obtained by combining base quantities by
multiplication, division or both these operations
4. Scalar quantities
5. Vector quantities
6. Accuracy
5. Sensitivity
6. Consistency
7. Zero error
Error due to the pointer does not return to zero when not in use
SKILL 2 : UNDERSTANDING
Question 1
Explain the differences between accuracy and consistency of a measuring
instrument by using suitable examples
[4 marks]
Question 2
Question 3
Figure 2 shows an ammeter of 03 A range.
Table 2
(i)
(ii)
SKILL 3 : CONCEPTUALIZATION
Question 1
Figure 2 shows two ammeters, A and B, with different sensitivities that can be used in an
electric circuit to measure the current.
(a)
(b)
Observe Figure 1 (a) and Figure 1 (b) compare the readings and the scales of
the ammeters. Relating the readings of current and the scales, deduce a relevant
physics concept.
[5 marks]
Diagram 1
Diagram 2
(a)
[2 marks]
(b)
(c)
(d)
Explain why it is not necessary to include the zero error in the calculation of
the thickness of the glass
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
Question 2
A stop watch is commonly used in the physics laboratory to measure time taken in a
particular experiment. Using the appropriate physics concepts, suggest and explain
suitable designs or ways
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
to protect the stop watch from breaking when dropped to the floor
to obtain more accurate reading
to reduce energy used while using it
What is the volume of the wooden block in m3? Represent your answer in
standard form.
[2 marks]
(iii)
Question 2
(i)
The thickness of the manila card is 0.06 mm. What is the value in metre?
[2 marks]
(ii)
The length and width of the piece of manila card are 20 cm and 10 cm
respectively. Calculate the area of the card in m2
[3 marks]
Range of
measurement
K
L
M
N
0.1 cm 1 m
0.01 cm 12 cm
0.01 mm 25.00 mm
0.1 cm -1 m
Smallest
division on
scale
0.1 cm
0.01 cm
0.001 cm
0.1 cm
Sensitivity
Existence of
zero error
Low
Average
High
Low
Yes
No
No
No
Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the measuring instrument in the table and
hence, determine which measuring instrument is most suitable to be used to obtain the
most accurate reading of the diameter of wire. Give the reason for your choice.
Question 2
Length
3.6 X 102 mm
3.6 X 10-3 km
3.6 X 102 cm
3.6 dm
Density
1.2 gcm-3
1.5 gcm-3
4.8 gcm-3
3.5 gcm-3
Snapping force
450 N
950 N
650 N
1050 N
Diameter
0.30 cm
7.0 X 10-3 m
0.50 cm
15 mm
(ii) You are required to state the most appropriate characteristics of the rope to be
Used for the parachute. Then, determine which rope from the table above
perfectly fits the characteristics that you have given. Justify your answer.
[10marks]
What is meant by
18. Weight
Statement
The of .. which is exerted on it
by earth.
19. Mass
The amount of .. in the object.
20. Free fall
Free fall occurs when an object falling under the
.of only without being affected by
any other .forces. .
21. Work
The product of and the
along the direction of the ..
22. Energy
The to do work.
23. Gravitational field
The region in which an object experiences a due
to attraction.
24. Potential energy
The Potential Energy of an object is the energy
. in the object because of its .. or
.
25. Elastic potential
energy
28. Power
The rate at which is done or energy is
transferred.
29. Elasticity
The property of an object that enables it to return to its
.. and dimensions (size)
after an applied external force is removed.
30. Hookes law
The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the
. ..provided the elastic
limit is not exceeded.
31. Elastic limit
The elastic limit of a spring is the
stretching force which can be applied to the spring
before it ceases to be elastic.
32. Force constant
(spring constant)
SKILL 2 : UNDERSTANDING
Ouestion 1 : Force and motion
Diagram 1 shows a boy jumps out of the boat onto the river bank. By using the
relevant physics concept, explain why the boat moves away from the jetty as he
jumps
[4marks]
Diagram 1
Liquid
Hydrogen
Liquid
Oxygen
Combustion
Chamber
Hot
Gases
Diagram 2
Explain the phenomenon.
[4 marks]
Spring in suspension
system.
DIAGRAM 3
Explain how the forces between the molecules caused the elasticity when the spring is
compressed and stretched..
[5 marks ]
Steel structure
Diagram 4
Using the concepts of momentum and inertia, explain why the need of steel structure
and the separate compartments to build in lorry carrying heavy load.
[4 marks]
SKILL 3 : CONCEPTUALIZATION
Question 1: Force and motion
1
INELASTIC collision
kg m s1
2.7
0
kg m s1
1.5
1.2
Trolley A
Trolley B
Trolley A and B
Table 1.1
Table 1.2 shows the data from an elastic collision of trolley A and B.
ELASTIC collision
Trolley A
Trolley B
Trolley A and B
Table 1.2
(a)
(b)
[1 mark]
Copy and complete Tables 1.1 and 1.2 by calculating the total momentum of
trolley A and trolley B before and after collision.
(c)
[2 marks]
(i)
Compare the total momentum before and after collision for an inelastic
collision
[1 mark]
(ii)
Compare the total momentum before and after collision for an elastic
collision.
[2 marks]
State the physics principle in (c)(ii).
(iv)
[1 mark]
(b)
(iii)
[1 mark]
Compare the total momentum of the jet plane and gas from the engines
with the momentum of the jet plane before it took off.
[1 mark]
(iv)
Name and state the principle used in the motion of the jet plane.
[2 marks]
Egg
Egg
Surface A
DIAGRAM 3.1
Breaks
Surface B
DIAGRAM 3.2
Compare the force on the eggs that strike Surface A and Surface B.
[1 mark]
Compare the time of impact of the eggs on Surface A and Surface B.
[1 mark]
Compare the change in momentum of the eggs in both situations.
[1 mark]
(iv)
State the relationship between the force produced in a collision and the
time of impact.
[1 mark]
(v)
Balloon B
Balloon A
air
air
Diagram 4.1
(a)
Diagram 4.2
(b)
i)
Using Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2, compare the mass of air
discharged and the velocity of the balloon.
ii)
State the relationship between the velocity of the balloon with the
mass of air discharged from the balloon.
iii)
iv)
Diagram 5
Diagram 5 shows two wooden tops . One tops is partly coated with tin. Both tops
are the same size and are rotated with the same velocity.
After a few minutes one of the tops stop rotating.
(a)
(b)
Explain why the the top coated with tin take longer time to stop compared to the
other top?
[1 mark ]
(c)
Based on diagram 5:
(i)
(ii)
[1 mark ]
[1 mark ]
(iii)
relate the mass of tops and the time of rotating for the tops.
[1 mark ]
(d)
Based on the answer in (c) relate the mass of the tops to the inertia
[1 mark ]
(e)
Suggest two ways how to make the tops rotate for a longer period of time.
[2 marks ]
DIAGRAM 1.2
(i)
(i)
(ii)
State the relationship between compression of the spring and the load.
[1 mark]
What will happen to the spring when a very heavy load is placed on the
weighing scale.?
[1 mark]
Suggest two modifications to the weighing scale so that it can be used to
weigh a heavier load.
[2 marks]
Diagram 2
Explain the modifications to the van that help to improve that safety of
passengers and will be more comfortable.
Emphasise your explanation following aspects
(i)
(ii)
Diagram 1
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
F (N)
Graph F against x of
spring P and spring Q
7
6
Q
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.1 0.2
0.3
0.4
Graph 2
0.5
x (cm)
(a)
(b)
3.6 N
10 N
12.0 cm
8.0 cm
l
(a)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(c)
DIAGRAM 3.1
(b)
smooth floor
Diagram 6
Diagram 6 shows 60 kg men falls onto the floor. His velocity before hitting the floor is
4 m s-1. Calculate the impulsive force that acts on the men if he falls,
(a) (i) On concrete floor and stopped in 0.01 s.
(ii) On a piece of cushion and is stopped in 0.1 s.
(b) Based on the results of question (a), which situation is more hurtful to the men.
(c) State the relationship between the time of impact and the impulsive force.
[4 marks]
Trampolin
e
Figure 1
You are asked to choose a trampoline for a competition. The trampoline should be
strong which is essential for competitors to make higher jumps. The competitors are V
CVGjudged on both height and style.
Table 9.2 shows the characteristics of the trampolines being considered for use.
Trampoline
Material for
frame
4.20 x 106
Iron
2.90 x107
Steel
12
1.50 x 106
Steel
12
3.00 x107
Iron
3.6 x 106
Wood
Table 9.2
(i)
(ii)
Using the information Table 9.2 explain the suitability of each characteristic in
Table 9.2 and hence, determine which trampoline is most suitable for the
competition and give your reasons.
[8 marks]
Explain briefly what the competitor should do to go higher up in the air.
[2 marks]
As a sport officer , you are given the responsibility to design a high jump landing pad.
Table 2 shows four types of foam materials with different specifications.
Type of
material
P
Q
R
S
Density /
Elasticity /
kgm-3
1500
1700
1200
2000
N cm-1
15.2
13.5
13.7
16.0
Thickness /
cm
Rate of air
absorption
60.0
45.0
80.0
85.0
High
Low
High
moderate
Table 2
You are required to determine the most suitable material to be used to make the landing
pad. Study the specifications of all the four types of material from the following aspects:
- The density of the material
- The elasticity of the material
- The thickness of the foam
- The ability to absorb water of the material
Explain the suitability of the aspects.
[10 marks]
Spring
Diameter
cm
Elastic limit
Spring constant
Nm1
Natural
frequency
Hz
10.0
200
250
0.1
B
C
D
12.0
8.0
6.0
600
700
1100
770
1020
3300
5.0
10.0
1.0
TABLE 3
You are asked to choose a spring to be installed at the motorcycle .The maximum mass
of the rider and the pillion rider is 100 kg. Explain the suitability of the characteristics and
choose the most suitable spring. Justify your choice.
[10 marks ]
nail
nail
Figure (a)
(a)
Figure (b)
(b)
(ii) T
in figure (b)
[ 4 marks ]
(c)
If it is observed that one of two pictures will fall because the string breaks ,
which is the most possible picture ? Why
[ 2 marks ]
Miscellaneous
1
Diagram shows a box weighing 10 N resting inclined surface. The forces acting on
the box are in equilibrium.
The value of F2 is
Answer:
Diagram shows two trolleys of the same mass approaches each other with the
same speed.
If the collision between the trolleys is an elastic, what happens to the trolleys after
collision?
Answer :..
What is meant by
Statement
Pressure is the ...acting normally ..
1. Pressure
P=
unit:
3. Pascals Principle
unit:
4. Archimedes
Principle
5. Bernoullis
Principle
SKILL 2 : UNDERSTANDING
Ouestion 1
Diagram 11.1 shows a cargo ship is sailing in sea water.
Diagram 11.1
(a) Name the physics principle involved which makes the ship float in sea water.
[1
marks]
(b) Explain why the ship can float in sea water
[2 marks]
(c ) Plimsoll lines are marked at the sides of the ship.
(i) State the purpose of plimsoll lines
(ii) Explain why plimsoll lines have many levels.
[2 marks]
SKILL 3 : CONCEPTUALIZATION
Question 1
1.
Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two solid spheres A and B with different
density place in the water.
A
B
Diagram 5.1
Diagram 5.2
(a)
(b)
[ 1 mark ]
(i)
[ 1 mark ]
(ii)
[ 1 mark ]
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(c)
Name the physics principle involved in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.
[ 1 mark ]
(d)
[ 1 mark ]
Figure 5.1 and 5.2 illustrate the working principle of a hydrometer. The depth to which
the test tube sinks depends on its surrounding liquid.
Diagram 5.1
Diagram 5.2
Explain how would you design a hydrometer that can determine a wide range of
densities of liquid, using the idea of the working principle of a hydrometer shown above.
Draw a diagram that shows the design of your hydrometer and in your explanation,
emphasis the following aspects:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Diagram 11.2
Diagram 11.2 shows a load X is placed on a wooden block. Both of them is then
placed in water of density 1000 kgm-3. The mass of the wooden block is 3 kg and
the density is 800 kgm-3.
(i)
(ii)
Calculate the volume of water displaced by the load and the wooden
block.
[ 2 marks]
Calculate the mass of the load X .
[3 marks]
Structure
of ships
Shape
Strength Of
the metal
used
Streamlined
High
Wide
High
Oval
Low
Wide
High
Circle
High
Smal
Low
Streamlined
Low
Small
Low
Table 11.2
As a researcher in a ship manufacturing company, you are assigned to study
the structure used to make the ship to support heavy cargoes..
You are given four choices of the structures P, Q, R and S. The table above
shows the structures of the boat.
Explain the suitable characteristics of the structure to be used to make the ship.
Determine the most suitable structure to be used to make the ship to support
heavy cargoes.
Give reasons for your choice.
(10 marks)
TOPIC : HEAT
SKILL 1 : KNOWLEDGE
To test the knowledge of physics by using the task word What is meant by.
What is meant by
Statement
1. Heat
Heat is a form of .
2. Temperature
3. Thermal
equilibrium
4. Specific heat
Capacity , c
5. Specific latent
heat of fusion
Lf=
,
SI unit for Lf=
6. Specific latent
heat of
vaporization
Lw =
,
SI unit for Lw =
Boyles Law states that.
7. Boyles Law
..
Charles law states that
8.Charles Law
.
Pressure Law states that...
9. Pressure Law
.
SKILL 2 : UNDERSTANDING
Ouestion 1
Diagram 2.1 shows a thermometer use by a doctor to check the temperature of patients
body during medical treatment.
Diagram 2.1
According to the principle of thermal equilibrium and the working principle of
thermometer, explain how a doctor can check his patient temperature during medical
treatment.
[ 4 marks ]
Question 2
In the day time, the wind blows from the sea to the land.
Explain why this phenomenon happens?
[ 4 marks ]
SKILL 3 : CONCEPTUALIZATION
Question 1
Diagram 3.1 and Diagram 3.2 show a glass capillary tube placed in two different
conditions. A column of air is trapped inside the tube with a thread of mercury. The
trapped air exerts pressure on the wall of the glass tube.
(a)
Explain how a gas exerts pressure on the wall of the glass tube.
(b)
(c)
[4 marks]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
(i)
[1 mark]
(ii) Deduce the relationship between the volume and the pressure of air
[1 mark].
(d)
[1 mark]
Question 2
Diagram 3.3 and diagram 3.4 show the readings of two identical thermometers,
one placed in a beaker containing 500g of water, and another in 500g of cooking
oil which have been heated for 2 minutes. Both liquids are heated at the same rate of
heat. The initial temperature for both liquids were 28 0C.
Diagram 3.3
Diagram 3.4
Compare the quantity of heat in the water and in the cooking oil
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the temperature of the water and the cooking oil.
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Name the physics concept explains the situation above.
[1 mark]
(ii) Relate the concept in b(i) and the rise in temperature.
[1 mark].
Diagram 4.1
(a)
(i)
(ii)
In order to calibrate the thermometer, the lower fixed point and the upper
fixed point for the thermometer have to be marked on the glass stem of
the thermometer. Explain how you determine the lower and the upper
fixed points of the thermometer. Then explain how you calibrate this
thermometer so that it can be used to measure the temperature.
[6 marks]
The length of mercury column in an uncalibrated thermometer at ice
and steam points are 2.5 cm and 13.8 cm respectively. If the length of
mercury column is 10.0 cm when the thermometer is immersed in a cup
of tea, what is the temperature of the tea?
[3 marks]
Question 2
Diagram 4.2 below shows a metal block of mass 0.5 kg which is put into 0.1 kg
of hot water. Initial temperature of the metal block is 25 0C. After a few minutes,
the metal block and the water achieved the same temperature of 480 C.
[ specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg-1 C-1]
water
Metal
block
Diagram 4.2
(a)
(b)
Question 3
If you are required by a factory that manufactures thermometers commonly found in
laboratories to measure the temperature of a substance, explain how you can make an
efficient thermometer. In your explanation, emphasize the following aspects: :
i. Strength of the thermometer
ii. Choice of the thermometric liquid
iii. Sensitivity of the thermometer
iv. Design of the thermometer so that the scale can easily be read
v. Calibration of the thermometer
[10 marks]
50 cm
Diagram 5.1
Diagram 5.1 shows air bubbles being released at the bottom of a water tank. The size
of the bubbles increases as they rise to the top.
(i)
(ii)
What is the pressure experienced by the bubble at the bottom of the tank, in unit
m water?
[1 mark]
If the volume of the bubble released by the tube is 0.5 cm3, calculate the bubbles
volume when it rises to the surface of the water.
(atmosphere pressure = 10 m water)
[2 marks]
Question 2 :
A solid substance, of mass 0.05 kg, is heated using an immersion heater of 240 V,
0.1 kW. Diagram shows the heating curve of the solid.
Temperature / C
218
78
30
Time / min
0
1.0
3.6
Diagram
4.8
Calculate
(i)
The specific latent heat of fusion of the substance
(ii)
The specific heat capacity of the substance in liquid state
[ 2 marks]
[ 3 marks ]
characteristics
Liquid
J
K
L
M
Boiling
point / oC
121
128
210
101
Freezing
point / oC
15
- 22
- 12
7
Specific heat
Capacity / J kg-1 oC-1 .
5500
4750
1195
3588
Ability to
react with
metals
High
Low
Low
medium
(i)
(ii)
Determine the most suitable liquid to be used and give a reason for
your choice.
[10 marks]
Question 2
(a)
Diagram 6.1 shows an ice cream container used by an ice cream seller using his
motorcycle.
ice cream
Ice cream
Outer box
Ice cube
Diagram 6.1
Table 6.1 shows the specification of four types of ice cream containers P, Q, R and
S, that can be used by an ice cream seller to carry ice cream.
Box
P
Q
R
S
Specific heat capacity of ice
High
High
Low
Low
cream box
Size of ice cream box
Material of outer box
Colour of outer box
Large
Small
Small
Copper
PVC plastic
PVC plastic
Dark
Bright
Bright
Large
Aluminium
Dark
Table 6.1
(i)
(ii)
Miscellaneous
1 The diagram shows a constant volume of air is heated in a closed tin.
air
Closed tin
1
V
3
The diagram shows copper and aluminium block of equal mass at room
temperature are placed in a beaker of boiling water for sometime.
thread
Boiling
water
aluminium
m
copper
Bunsen
burner
Given that aluminium has a higher specific heat capacity than copper. Which
block has higher heat energy when thermal equilibrium is reached ?
Answer :..
TOPIC : LIGHT
SKILL 1 : KNOWLEDGE
Question 1
Diagram 1.1 shows an object O placed in front of a concave lens.
________________________________________________________________
O
2F
F
F
2F
Diagram 1.1
(a) (i) Draw ray diagram to show the formation of image in Diagram 1.1.
[2 marks]
(ii) State two characteristics of the image formed.
[1 mark]
(b) The concave lens is then replaced with a convex mirror.
________________________________________________________________
O
C
F
F
C
Diagram 1.2
(i)
(ii)
SKILL 2 : UNDERSTANDING
Question 1
While driving a car on a hot day, you may see a mirage on the road.
Explain how mirage occurred.
[ 4 marks ]
Question 2
(b) Diagram shows a ray of light directed perpendicularly at a side of the semi circular
glass block. The ray passes through the glass block to a point O before leaving the
glass block. The angle of incidence in the glass block is 30 .
Question 3
(iii)
Explain why a piece of paper burns when placed under a convex lens aimed towards
hot sun rays.
[4 marks]
Question 4
Diagram 13 shows a stainless steel spoon. When you look at the spoon, you will
see an upright and virtual image of your face on one side of the curved surfaces
but an inverted image on the other side.
How does one side of the curved surface of the spoon formed an upright image,
while the other side formed an inverted image? Use ray diagrams to explain your
answer. [6 marks]
SKILL 3 : CONCEPTUALISING
Question 1
A student used a slide projector to view the image from the slide.
When the slide is place nearer to the lens the sharp image form on the screen as shown
in Diagram (a).
When the slide is place further from the lens the sharp image form on the screen as
shown in Diagram (b).
Base on Diagram (a) and Diagram (b) compare the object distance, the image distance
and size of image that formed on the screen.
Relate the object distance to the image distance and the object distance to the size of
image that formed on the screen.
[ 5 marks ]
Question 2
Diagram (a) and Diagram (b) show two rectangular glass blocks with different optical
density and refractive index. Ray of light is directed toward the glass blocks with the
same angle of incidence 30.
Diagram (a)
Diagram (b)
Question 3
Diagram (a) and Diagram (b) show a transparent block made of a material with a different
refractive index. A light ray travel in both blocks with the same incident angle, i.
i = 40
i = 40
Diagram (a)
Diagram (b)
Using Diagram (a) and Diagram (b), compare the refractive index, refraction angle and
critical angle between the two blocks.
Base on Diagram (a) and Diagram (b), relate the refractive index with critical angle.
[5 marks]
Question 4
Diagram A and B shows the virtual image fomed by a plane mirror and convex
mirror.
(i)
(ii)
Question 5
Diagram X and Diagram Y show the parallel rays of light directed towards the
convex lenses J and K. Both the lenses produce real images. F is the focal point
for each lens.
Question 6
Figure 6 shows 2 convex lenses, R and S, used in an astronomical telescope.
The focal length for R is 40 cm and for S is 10 cm.
Figure 6
(i) Define the power of a lens.
[1 mark]
(ii) Give two reasons why R is used as the objective lens of the telescope.
[2 marks]
(iii) Using lenses R and S, draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the
final image by the telescope at normal adjustment. Use scale of 10 cm to
1 cm.
[5 marks]
Diagram A
Optical fibre are made of fine strands of glass. Each single fibre (inner core)
is coated with a thin layer of another type of glass (outer cladding). You are
required to give some suggestions in designing an optical fibre which can
carry more information.
Explain your suggestions base on the following aspects:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Question 2
You are given two convex lenses S and Q of different focal length. Lens S has a
longer focal length than lens Q.
(i) Using the two lenses above explain how are you would make a simple
astronomical telescope.
[4 marks]
(ii) Suggest modifications that need to be done on the telescope to produce
clearer and bigger images.
[6 marks]
Question 3
You are given two pieces of plane mirror measuring 5 cm x 6 cm to make a
periscope.
(i) Using these mirrors and other materials, describe how you would make
the periscope. [4 marks ]
(ii) Explain why the image observed through the periscope using plane
mirrors are not very clear.
[2 marks ]
(iii) Suggest modification that can be made to the periscope to produce
clearer and bigger images.
[4 marks ]
Question 4
Diagram 4 shows a simple magnifying glass which is used to produce a
magnified image of an object
Diagram 4
The simple magnifying glass can magnify an image by a relatively small factor.
Using a ray diagram, explain how you would design new optical instrument which
combining the simple magnifier with other lens to
(i) obtain greater magnification power
(ii) provide clearer image
(iii) make the final image form at the distance of the near point.
(iv) be used conveniently.
[10 marks]
Question 5
As an optician, you have three design of lenses X, Y and Z, in your shop. The
cross-section of X, Y and Z are shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
Question 2
Diagram 11 shows an object O is placed in front of a lens Z
An image formed on the screen is two times the size of the object. The object O
and screen are 60.0 cm apart when image is sharply focused.
(i) State which type of lens is used and given reasons for your answer.
(ii) Calculate the focal length of the lens.
[5 marks]
Question 3
Diagram A and B show a ray of light passing into glass and diamond
respectively.
[Refractive index: Glass = 1.50 ; Diamond = 2.42]
(i) Calculate the critical angle of diamond and glass
Question 4
Figure 4 shows 2 convex lenses, R and S, used in an astronomical telescope. The focal
length for R is 40 cm and for S is 10 cm.
Figure 4
(i) Calculate the magnification of the final image formed by the telescope at
normal adjustment.
[2 marks]
Material
Refractive
index
% of light energy
absorbed
Rigidity
Strength
1.75
2%
Strong
Weak
1.80
10 %
Weak
Strong
1.70
2%
Weak
Strong
1.52
3%
Strong
Strong
1.48
10 %
Table 1
Weak
Weak
Question 2
The safety mirrors as in figure 12.1 are often installed outdoors, at corners
and junctions of roads to prevent accident. Table 12.2 shows the
characteristics of five mirrors P, Q, R, S and T.
Mirror
Type
Weather
resistance
P
Q
R
S
T
Concave
Convex
Convex
Concave
Plane
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Good
Excellent
Impact
resistance of
material
Excellent
Poor
Good
Excellent
Good
Reflectivity of
material
Greater than 90%
80% - 90%
Greater than 90%
80% - 90%
Greater than 90%