Eca Labmanual Multisim 11

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

LABORATORY MANUAL
DEPARTMENT
OF
ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
INDEX
S.NO
NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT
PAGE.NO
SOFT WARE
1. COMMON EMITTER AND COMMON SOURCE
AMPLIFIER.
2. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER.
3. CURRENT SHUNT AND FEED BACK AMPLIFIER
16
4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR.
21
5. CLASS A AND CLASS AB POWER AMPLIFIERS
25
6. HIGH FREQUENCY COMMON BASE AMPLIFIER.
32
HARD WARE
7. TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFER
38
8. CURRENT SHUNT AND FEED BACK AMPLIFIER
41
9.
44
CLASS A AND CLASS AB POWER AMPLIFIERS.
10. SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER
48
11. SERIES VOLTAGE REGULATOR
50
12. SHUNTVOLTAGE REGULATOR.
52
COMMON EMITTER AND COMMON SOURCE AMPLIFIER

AIM:
To design CE single stage amplifier with potential divider circuit using
NPN Transistor 2N2923 for the specifications : IC= 3 mA, Vce = 10v, = 190,
& IR1 = 32IB .verify DC values (Voltage and current) at various nodes using
MULTISIM.
APPARATUS: - Multisim Soft ware.
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
Vcc = 25V
Select VRE VCE
Select VRE = 5V
RE =
V RE
5
=
= 1.66K (select 2.00K )
IC
3m
& VRC=VCC-VCE-VRE=25-10-5=10V
RC =
V RC
10
=
= 3.33K
3m
IC
I C = 3m
= 15A
190
B
I R1 = 32I B = 32 15 = 480 A

I R 2 = I R1 I B = 480 15 = 465A
I =
& V B = V BE + V RE = 0.65 + 5 = 5.65V

R2 =
R1 =
5.65
VB
=
= 12.15K
I R 2 465
VCC V B
I R1
25 5.65
= 40.3125K
480
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
VCC
25V
VCC
R1
40.2kOhm_1%
R4
40.2kOhm_1%
10
V4
0V
9
V3
0V
Q1
7
2N2923
V2
11
0V
V1
0V
2
3
R2
12kOhm_5%
R3
2.00kOhm_1%
PROCEDURE:- 1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate ---- analysis ----- DC
operating point).
2.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using DC
transfer characteristic analysis(simulate ---- analysis ----- DC sweep)
Out put voltage VCE variation with V CC (0 to 25V)
RESULT:- The CE single stage amplifier is designed. The D.C voltages and
currents at various nodes are observed. The D.C transfer characteristic is
plotted.
COMMON SOURCE AMPLIFIER

AIM: a) To design a single stage FET Common Source amplifier with potential
divider circuit using 2n4861 FET-N channel for the following specifications:
VDD = 24V,ID = 1ma,VGS=2V,VPMAX =13V,RL=1K.
b) To observe dc operating point, frequency response, DC transfer characteristic
& C.R.O waveforms.
APPARATUS: Multisim soft ware.
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
VDSmin = VPmax + 1 - VGS
= 13 + 1 - 2
=
12V
VDD VDS min
VS = VRD =
RD = RS =
VRD
ID
24 12
=6
2
2
6
=
= 6K(Use s tan dard value6.3K)
1m
VG = VS VGS = 6 2 = 4V = VR 2
Select R2 =1M
R1 =
VR1
R2
V R2
VR1 = VDD VG = 24 4 = 20
20 1M
= 5M
R1 =
4
(Use s tan dard value which is less than or equal to 5M i.e. 4.7M )
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate----analysis ---- DC operating
point)
7
2.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using DC
transfer characteristic analysis(simulate ---- analysis ----- DC sweep)
3. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using AC
analysis (Simulate ---- analysis ----- AC analysis)
8
4.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Oscilloscope
RESULT: The CS single stage amplifier is designed with the given

specifications. The D.C operating point analysis is performed. The frequency
response is plotted and the Band width is found.
TEST YOUR SELF
1. What is meant by Q- point?

2. What is the need for biasing a transistor?
3. What factors are to be considered for selecting the operating point Q for
an amplifier?
4. Distinguish between D.C. and A.C load lines.
5. What are the reasons for keeping the operating point of a transistor as
fixed?
6. What is thermal runaway? How can it be avoided?
7. What are the factors which contribute to thermal instability?
8. Define Stability Factor. Why would it seem more reasonable to call this
an instability factor?
9. How will be the output voltage in a CS amplifier?
10.To have good voltage gain and high input resistance which FET amplifier
is to be used?
10
TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER

Q1) Design a single stage transistor amplifier with potential divider circuit
(using an npn si transistors) with following specifications.
IC=1.6ma,VCE=7.6v,RC=2.2k,VCC=12v, I1=10IB and =54. Verify the DC
values (Voltage and current) at various nodes using Multisim software
DESIGN: IB=IC/ = 1.62/54=0.03ma
VCC=IC(RC+RE)+VCE ; 12=1.62(2.2+RE)+7.6 ; RE=0.516k

V2=VBE+ICRE ; V2=0.7+1.62*0.516=1.536v
V2=I1R2 ; R2=V2/(I1=10IB) ; 1.536/0.3=5.12k
I1=VCC/(R1+R2) ; (R1+R2)=12/0.3=38.1k ; R1=38.1-5.12=32.98k
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
R3
2.2kohm
R1
32.98kohm
V2
0V
5V1
0V
1
V3
BC107BP
Q1
0V
2R4
R2
5.1kohm
516ohm
11
PROCEDURE: Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate
analysis
DC
operating point)
DC Operating Point (Results)
1
8.05632v
928.05352mv
1.58077v
Vv1#branch
315.92573a
Vv2#branch
1.79258ma
vcc
12.00000v
vccvcc#branch
-2.10851ma
Q2) Design a single stage transistor amplifier with potential divider circuit
(using
an
npn
si
transistors)
with
following
specifications.
IC=2.32ma,VCE=5.7v,RC=2.2k,VCC=12v, I1=10IB and =33. Verify the DC

values (Voltage and current) at various nodes using Multisim software
DESIGN:
IB=IC/ = 2.32/33=0.07ma
VCC=IC(RC+RE)+VCE ; 12=2.32(2.2+RE)+5.7 ; RE=0.51k
V2=VBE+ICRE ; V2=0.7+2.32*0.51=1.88v
V2=I1R2 ; R2=V2/(I1=10IB) ; 1.88/0.7=2.68k
I1=VCC/(R1+R2) ; (R1+R2)=12/0.7=17.14k ; R1=17.14-2.68=14.46k
12
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
R3
2.2kohm
R1
14.46kohm
V1
V2
0V
12
5 0V
V3
BC107BP
Q1
0V
R2
2.68kohm
R4
510ohm
PROCEDURE: Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate

operating point)
analysis

1
6.84857v
2
1.19817v
3
1.85869v
vv2#branch
2.34156ma
vcc
12.00000v
vccvcc#branch
-3.04290ma
vv1#branch
701.33569a
vv3#branch
-7.79614a
13
DC
Q3) Cascade above two stages and find overall gain (choose Cc=4.7f,
Ce=470f, hfe=50) find the frequency response, DC operating points and
parameter sweep of load resister.
ANALYSIS:
Stage-2: AI2= -hfe/(1+hoeRL2) ; -50/(1+2/40) = -47.62
Ri2 = hie+hreAI2RL2 ;1.1+2.5e-4*-47.62*2 = 1.076k;
Av2= -AI2*RL2/Ri2 ; -47.62*2/1.076 = -88.51
Stage-1: RL1 = 2.2k||14.2||2.5||1.076 = 0.54k
AI1 = -50/(1+0.54/40) = -49.3
Ri1 = 1.1+2.5e-4*-49.3*0.54 = 1.106k
Av1 = -49.3*0.54/1.106 = -24.07
Overall gain Av = Av1*Av2 = 24.07*88.51= 2130.4
Avs = Av*Ri/(Ri+RS) ; Ri = 1.106||33||5.1= 0.88k
=2130.4*0.88/(0.88+15) =118
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC 12V
VCC
R1
Rc2
2.2kOhm_5%
C5
14.0kOhm_1%
Rc1
33kOhm_5%
R12
2.2kOhm_5%
10
9
47uF
C3
Q1
BC107BP
5
Q3 4.7uF
BC107BP
C1
Rs
35kOhm_51%
1
4.7uF
R10
22kOhm_5%
V1
Re1
R2
15 C2
1mV
5.s1kOhm_5% 510Ohm_5%
0.71mV_rm
1000Hz
0Deg
2.55kOhm_1%
R22
470uF
11
Re2
XSC1
G
T
A
14
C4
470Ohm_5%
14
470uF
Note: In above two stage CE amplifier, all resistor values are same as trainer kit
values.
PROCEDURE:1. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate------- analysis ------DC operating point and AC analysis)
Node no
Voltage
2
9
15
5
11
10
1.57966
8.01593
926.65516m
1.83114
1.16896
6.54642
Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Parameter Sweep(Simulate------ analysis ------- Parameter sweep)
2.
15
RESULTS:
Observed the DC voltages/currents for single stage and two stage
amplifiers. It is observed that Two stage amplifier gives a mid band gain of
1220.It is also observed that as load resistance is nearer to RC2, the out put
voltage is decreasing, since net load resistance is decreasing.
16
TEST YOUR SELF
1. What do you mean by a multi stage amplifier? Mention its need.

2. What are the objectives of coupling elements?
3. What are the effects of bandwidth in multistage amplifier?
4. What is the expression for the band width of multistage amplifier?
5. Why RC coupling is popular?
6. What are the advantages & disadvantages of RC coupled amplifier?
7. Define the terms BW, gain BW product and dynamic range of an
amplifier?
8. What is the effect of By pass capacitor in a RC coupled amplifier?
9. What is the use of transformer coupling in the output stage of multistage
amplifier?
10.What is a DC amplifier? What are its advantages and drawbacks?
17
CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER

AIM:
Design current shunt feed back amplifier with a feedback resistance 5K
using transistor BC 107. Obtain DC operating point and frequency response.

APPARATUS: Multisim software.
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
=
RE
470
IF
=
=
= 0.085
RF + RE 5K + 470
IE
AI =
I R I C 2 I B 2 I C1 I B1
=
IS
I B2
I C1 I B1 I S
IC2
I
= hFE = 50, C1 = hFE = 50
I B2
I B1
IC2
RC1
2.2K
=
=
= 0.67151
I C1 RC1 + RI 2 2.2K +1.076K
I B1
4K
R
=
=
= 0.8;Where R = RS //(470 + 5K ) = 4K
IS
R + hie 4K +1.1K
AI = (50)(0.67151)(50)(0.8) = 1.343K
D = 1 + AI = 1 + (0.085)(1.343K ) = 115.15
AIF =
AVF
AI 1.343K
=
= 11.66
D 115.15
R
V
I R
2.2K
= 0 = O C 2 = AIF C 2 = 11.66
= 1.71
RS
VS
15K
I S RS
18
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC 12V
VCC
R3
33kohm
R4
2.2kohm
R9
2.2kohm
R7
14kohm
C2
C4
7
4.7uF
4
BC107BP
R10
Q1
C1
R1
15kohm 2
4.7uF
1 V1
1mV
0.71mV_rms
1000Hz
0Deg
5kohm
C3
3
R2
5.1kohm
5
R5
470uF
510ohm
Q2 47uF
BC107BP
R11
22kohm
6
8
R6
R8
2.55kohm
470ohm
0
XSC1
G
T
A
19
11
results using DC operating point analysis (simulate ---- analysis ----- DC
operating point)
2. Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the results using
Oscilloscope
20
analysis (simulate----- analysis----AC analysis)
4. Rig up the circuit using multisim soft ware and verify the results using
Parameter Sweep(Simulate ---- analysis ----- Parameter Sweep)
RESULT: The current shunt feed back amplifier is designed with feed back
resistance of 5K . The DC operating point values are obtained and the
frequency response is plotted.
21
TEST YOUR SELF
1. What is feedback in Amplifiers?

2. Explain the terms feed back factor and open loop gain.
3. What are the types of feedback?
4. Explain the term negative feedback in amplifiers?
5. What are the disadvantages of negative feedback?
6. What are the advantages of negative feedback?
7. When will a negative feedback amplifier circuit be unstable?
8. Compare the negative feedback and Positive feedback.
9. Give the expression for closed loop gain for a negative feed back
amplifier?
10.How does negative feedback reduce distortion in an amplifier?
11.How does series feedback differ form shunt feedback?
12.What is the difference between voltage feedback and current feedback?
22
RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR

AIM:
a) Design RC phaseshift oscillator to have resonant frequency of 6KHz.
Assume R1 = 100k, R2 = 22K, RC = 4 K ,RE =1K & VCC = 12V.
b) Obtain hfe for the above designed value for AV > - 29, R 2 RC.
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
a)
Let R = 10K
fr =
When K =
2 RC 6 + 4K
RC
R
C =
4K
10K
= 0.962nF 1nF (Select s tan dard )
2 10K 6K 6 + 4
R = 10K ; C = 1nF
b)
hfe 23 =
29
+ 4K for sustained oscillation
K
= 97.1
23
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
VCC
R1
100kohm
R3
C2
XSC1
10
A
10uF
Q2
12
T
R2
22kohm
C3
100uF
11
R4
1kohm
0
C6
1.0nF6
9
R7
10kOhm_5%
C5
C4
1.0nF 7
1.0nF
R6
10kOhm_5%
R5
10kOhm_5%
24
2N2222A
10uF
PROCEDURE:
Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using Oscilloscope.
RESULT: RC phase shift oscillator with fr =6KHz is designed. The value of hfe
for the designed value is computed.
25
TEST YOUR SELF
1. What is an Oscillator circuit?

2. What is the main difference between an amplifier and an oscillator?
3. State Barkhausen criterion for oscillation.
4. State the factors on which oscillators can be classified.
5. Give the expression for the frequency of oscillation and the minimum
gain required for sustained oscillations of the RC phase shift oscillator.
6. Why three RC networks are needed for a phase shift oscillator? Can it be
two or four?
7. What are the merits and demerits of phase shift oscillator?
8. At low frequency which oscillators are found to be more suitable?
9. What are the two important RC oscillators?
10.What makes Quartz produce stable oscillations?
11.What are the factors which contribute to change in frequency in
oscillators?
26
CLASS A,AB,B,C POWER AMPLIFIERS
AIM :
To study the operation of Class A, Class AB, Class B, Class C power
amplifiers.
APPARATUS:
Multisim soft ware.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
V2
12V
R2
1kohm
R5
1kohm
47C
uF
2
R1
C1
47uF
R3
30kohm
XSC1
Q1
PN2369A
G
T
A
100ohm
V1
50mV
35.36mV_rms
1000Hz
0Deg
R4
100ohm
THEORY:
The classification of amplifiers is based on the position of the quiescent
point and extent of the characteristics that is being used to determine the method
of operation.
There are 4 classes of operations.They are
1.Class A
2.Class AB
3.Class B
27
4.Class C
CLASS A:- In class A operation the quiescent point and the input signal are
such that the current in the output circuit (at the collector) flows for all times.
Class A amplifier operates essentially over a linear portion of its characteristic
there by giving rise to minimum of distortion .
CLASS B:- In class B operation , the quiescent point is at an extreme end of the
characteristic , so that under quiescent conditions the power drawn from the dc
power supply is very small .If the input signal is sinusoidal, amplification takes
place for only half cycle.
CLASS AB:- A class AB amplifier is the one that operates between the two
extremes defined for class A and Class B. Hence the output signal exists for
more than 1800 of the input signal.
CLASS C :- In class C operation, the quiescent operating point is chosen such
that output signal (voltage or current)is zero for more than on half of the input
sinusoidal signal cycle.
PROCEDURE:
1. An input sine wave (peak-peak)of 50mV is applied to the circuit.
2. connect the output to the C.R.O.
3. varying R3 value, observe and record the output waveforms for different
classes of operation.
4. Also observe the Vi & Vo waveforms using parameter sweep for different
classes of operation.
28
OBSERVATIONS:
CLASS A:
CLASS AB :
29
30
CLASS B :
31
CLASS C :
RESULT :
1. In class A amplifier output current flows for whole 3600
2. In class AB power amplifier output current flows between 1800 and 3600
3. In class B power amplifier output current flows for 1800
4.
In Class C power amplifier output current flows for less than 1800.
32
TRY YOUR SELF

1. How do you bias class A operation?
2. What is conversion efficiency?
3. Define Class B mode of operation.
4. What are the advantages & disadvantages of Class B mode of operation?
5. Distinguish between voltage and power amplifier?
6. Which power amplifier gives minimum distortion?
7. What are the drawbacks of class C amplifier?
8. In Which class of amplifier, the efficiency is high? And why?
9. Classify power amplifiers on the basis of the mode of operation.
10.Give two drawbacks of Class A power amplifier.
33
HIGH FREQUENCY COMMON BASE AMPLIFIER

AIM - Design a common Base high frequency amplifier with a over all gain of
30 and Lower cut off frequency of 130 Hz and Higher cut frequency 10 MHz .
Transistor Specifications: hib = 22.6, hfb = -0.98, hrb = 2.9 10-4 , hob = 0.49 s,
IC = 1.35ma = -IE, VCE = 5.85V, VEB = 0.6V, VCB = 5.25V.
Verify the DC values (Voltage and current) at various nodes using Multisim
software
DESIGN PROCEDURE:
1. DESIGN OF BIASING CIRCUIT :
VBE = 0.6V, VCE = 5.85V, IC = 1.35mA = -IE
VCB = 5.25V
34
Find the value of Re :

KVL to Input:
-2v Re(1.35ma) + 0.6 = 0
Re =
1.4
=1.03 K
1.35ma
Find the value of RC :

KVL to Output :
Vcc ICRC - VCB = 0
12 1.35ma RC 5.25 = 0
1.35mRc = 6.75
RC = 5k
2.DESIGN OF AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT :
1.To find Cb
Assume Rs = 100 Calculate the value of Cb
fL =
Cb =
1
;
2 (Rs + Ri)C b
130=
1
6.28(100 + 22.6)C b
1
6.28(100 + 22.6)130
= 9.9 10-6 10 f
35
2.To Calculate RL
AV = -hfb
RL'
Ri
RL'
= 0.98 22.6
Overall gain = AVS = Av
Ri
Ri + Rs
For above circuit Ri 1= Ri=hib

AVS = -hfb
RL'
Ri + Rs
RL1 = RL 11 RC =3.75k
RL = 15k
3. To Calculate Shunt Capacitance Csh

fh
1
2RL C sh
C sh =
1
2 10 10 6 3.75k
= 4.24 pf 4pf
The Internal junction capacitance Cbc 3pf
Csh = Cbc + Csh
4.24 = 2.9pf + Csh
Csh = 1.34pf 2pf
36
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
XSC1
G
T
A
Rs
11000ohm
V1
10mV
7.07mV_rms
1000Hz
0Deg
Cb
11
10uF
12
Re
1kohm
10uF
BC107BP
Q1
Rc
5kohm
12V
7 VEE
2V
Cb1
3
R5
15kohm
Csh
2pF
VCC
0
PROCEDURE: 1.Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the
results using DC operating point analysis (Simulate ------Analysis------ DC
operating point)
37
analysis (Simulate--- Analysis--- AC analysis)
38
RESULTS: The common base high frequency amplifier is designed. Also DC

voltages / currents are observed. The Bandwidth is far greater than the
bandwidth of the CE amplifier.
39
TEST YOUR SELF
1. What are the factors to be taken into account in the high frequency model
of a transistor?
2. What are and cut off frequencies?
3. What is unity gain small signal band width?
4. What is the relation between fT & f?
5. What is the expression for trans conductance gm in the high frequency
model?
6. What is the expression for input conductance gb e in terms of gm ?
7. What is base spreading resistance?
8. Give the expressions for the hybrid capacitances.
40
TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER
AIM:
1. To study the Two-stage RC coupled amplifier.
2. To measure the voltage gain of the amplifier at 1KHz.
3. To obtain the frequency response characteristic and the band width of the
amplifier.
EQUIPMENT:
Two stage RC coupled amplifier, trainer.
1. Signal Generator.
2. C.R.O
3. Connecting patch cords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
VCC
12V
R1
33kohm
R3
R6
2.2kohm
CC 15kohm
C2
Q1
10uF
BC107BP
C1
RG
15kohm
RC
2.2kohm
Q2
10uF
BC107BP
10uF
C3 OUTPUT
INPUT V
50mV
CE
R2
5.1kohm
RE
510ohm
10uF
2.7kohm
41
R4
R5
1kohm
10uF
VO
PROCEDURE:
1.Switch ON the power supply.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave output 50mV p-p at the
input terminals.
3. Connect the C.R.O at output terminals of the module.
4. Measure the voltage at the second stage of amplifier.
5. Now vary the input frequency from 10Hz to 1MHz in steps,and for every
value of input frequency note the output voltage
keeping the input
amplitude at constant value.

6. Calculate the gain magnitude of the amplifier using the formula
Gain = Vo/Vi
Gain in dB= 20 log (Vo / Vi )
7. Plot a graph of frequency versus gain (dB) of the amplifier. Sample
frequency response graph is as shown in fig. Below.
OBSERVATION:
Vi = 50mV(p-p)
Frequency
Gain =20 log

(Vo/Vi)dB
VO
42
FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
0.707 VO/VI
FL
FH
Gain VO/VI
FL
FH
RESULT:
The gain of the amplifier at 1 KHz is -----The BW of the amplifier is -------
43
Frequency
CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER
AIM:
1. To study the current shunt feedback amplifier
2. To measure the voltage gain of the amplifier at 1KHz.
3. To obtain the frequency response characteristic and the band width
of the amplifier.
EQUIPMENT:
Current shunt feed back amplifier trainer.
4. Signal Generator.
5. C.R.O
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
44
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON the power supply.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave output 50mV p-p at the
input terminals.
3. Connect the C.R.O at output terminals of the module.
4. Measure the voltage at the second stage of amplifier.
5. Now vary the input frequency from 10Hz to 1MHz in steps, and for
each value of input frequency note the output voltage keeping the
input amplitude at constant value.
6. Calculate the gain magnitude of the amplifier using the formula
Gain = Vo/Vi
Gain in dB= 20 log (Vo / Vi )
7. Plot a graph of frequency versus gain (dB) of the amplifier. Sample
frequency response graph is as shown in fig. Below.
OBSERVATIONS :
Vi = 50mV(p-p)
Frequency
VO
Gain =20 log (Vo/Vi)dB
45
46
FREQUENCY RESPONSE:
RESULT:
The gain of the amplifier at 1 KHz is -----The BW of the amplifier is -------
47
CLASS A/B/C/AB POWER AMPLIFIER
AIM: To study the operation of Class A, Class B, Class AB and Class C power
amplifiers.
EQUIPMENT:
1.Class/A/B/C/AB amplifier trainer
2.Function generator.
3.C.R.O
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
48
PROCEDURE:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram, and get the circuit
verified by your Instructor.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave at 1KHz and keep the
amplitude at .5V (peak-to-peak)
3. Connect the C.R.O across the output terminals.
4. Now switch ON the trainer and see that the supply LED glows.
5. Keep the potentiometer at minimum position, observe and record
the waveform from the C.R.O.
6. Slowly varying the potentiometer, observe the outputs for the
Class A/B/AB/C amplifiers as shown in fig.
CLASS A:
49
CLASS B:
CLASS AB:
50
CLASS C :
RESULT: It is observed that for class A amplifier, the transistor conducts for
360deg, for class AB more than 180deg and for Class C less than 180 deg.
51
SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER
AIM: 1.To calculate the resonant frequency of tank circuit.

2. To plot the frequency response of the tuned amplifier.
EQUIPMENT:
1. Tuned voltage amplifier trainer.
2. Function generator.
3. C.R.O.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
52
PROCEDURE:
1.Connect the circuit as shown in fig and get the circuit verified by
your Instructor.
2. Connect the signal generator with sine wave at the input and
keep the amplitude to minimum position, and connect a C.R.O at
output terminals of the circuit.
3. Apply the amplitude between 1.6v to 4.4v to get the distortion
less output sine wave.
4. Now, vary the input frequency in steps and observe and record
The output voltage.
5. Calculate the gain of the tuned RF amplifier using the formula
Gain = out put voltage/ input voltage.
6. plot a graph with input frequency versus gain (in dBs)
Gain (in dBs) = 20 log (Vo/Vi)
Graph :-
Gain
Frequency
RESULT:
The tuned amplifier offers maximum gain at resonant frequency of the
tank circuit.
53
SERIES VOLTAGE REGULATOR

AIM : To study and design a Series voltage regulator and to observe the load
regulation feature.
EQUIPMENT :
1. Series voltage regulated power supply trainer.
2. Multimeter.
3. Patch chords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
3055
560E
Rs
+ IL
IR
Un Regulated
Input
+
- IZ
500E
VO
50%
VZ=12V
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON the power supply.
2. Observe the Unregulated voltage at the output of rectifier.
3. Connect this voltage to the input of series voltage regulator circuit.
4. Keep the load resistance 1K at constant.
5. Observe the output voltage VO = VZ-VBE
54
6. And also observe the voltage across RS,and values of IR,IL and IZ.
7. Compare the practical values with theoretical values.
8. By changing the load resistance, observe the output voltage and various
currents.
OBSERVATIONS:
RL
VO
IR
IZ
IL
LOAD REGULATION :
VO
RL
RESULT:
The regulator maintains a constant output voltage inspite of the
changes in load conditions.
55
SHUNT VOLTAGE REGULATOR
AIM : To study and design a Shunt Regulator and to observe the load
regulation feature.
EQUIPMENT :
1. Shunt regulated power supply trainer.
2. Multimeter.
3. Patch chords.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
RS
220E
IL
+
Un Regulated
In put
8.2V
IC
1K
RL
VO
50%
3055
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch On the main power supply.
2. Observe the unregulated voltage at the output of rectifier.
3. Connect this voltage to the input of shunt Regulator circuit
4 .Keep the load resistance 1K constant.
5. Observe the output voltage across the load resistor V0 =VZ + VBE
56
6. Also observe IL, IS & IC.

7. Compare the practical values with theoretical values.
8. By changing the load resistance, observe the output voltage and
various currents.
OBSERVATIONS:
RL
VO
IS
IC
IL
LOAD REGULATION:
VO
RL
RESULT:
The regulator maintains a constant output voltage inspite of the
changes in load conditions.
57

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Eca Labmanual Multisim 11

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SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT

3. CURRENT SHUNT AND FEED BACK AMPLIFIER

4. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR.

5. CLASS A AND CLASS AB POWER AMPLIFIERS

6. HIGH FREQUENCY COMMON BASE AMPLIFIER.

8. CURRENT SHUNT AND FEED BACK AMPLIFIER

CLASS A AND CLASS AB POWER AMPLIFIERS.

10. SINGLE TUNED VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER

11. SERIES VOLTAGE REGULATOR

12. SHUNTVOLTAGE REGULATOR.

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

COMMON EMITTER AND COMMON SOURCE AMPLIFIER

To design CE single stage amplifier with potential divider circuit using

I R1 = 32I B = 32 15 = 480 A

& V B = V BE + V RE = 0.65 + 5 = 5.65V

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

Out put voltage VCE variation with V CC (0 to 25V)

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

COMMON SOURCE AMPLIFIER

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

RESULT: The CS single stage amplifier is designed with the given

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

TEST YOUR SELF

1. What is meant by Q- point?

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

TWO STAGE RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER

DESIGN: IB=IC/ = 1.62/54=0.03ma

VCC=IC(RC+RE)+VCE ; 12=1.62(2.2+RE)+7.6 ; RE=0.516k

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

results using DC operating point analysis (simulate

IC=2.32ma,VCE=5.7v,RC=2.2k,VCC=12v, I1=10IB and =33. Verify the DC

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

results using DC operating point analysis (simulate

DC Operating Point (Results)

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

Observed the DC voltages/currents for single stage and two stage

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

TEST YOUR SELF

1. What do you mean by a multi stage amplifier? Mention its need.

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

CURRENT SHUNT FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER

Design current shunt feed back amplifier with a feedback resistance 5K

using transistor BC 107. Obtain DC operating point and frequency response.

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

TEST YOUR SELF

1. What is feedback in Amplifiers?

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR

APPARATUS: Multisim software.

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

SRINIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE,KADAPA

Rig up the circuit using multisim software and verify the

results using Oscilloscope.

I R1 = 32I B = 32 15 = 480 A