SELECT THE SECTION

SPACING OF PURLINS
DEAD LOAD
IMPOSED LOAD
SPAN FOR SECTION

0.5
0.25

SECTION THICKNESS
SECTION TYPE
SPACING

t
C

DEAD LOAD
LIVE LOAD
EFFECTIVE LENGTH FACTOR()
EFFECTIVE BEARING LENGTH(N)

ACTUAL DEFLECTION
ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM SPAN UNDER
SERVICEABILITY LIMTS

SELECTED SPAN
FAILURE MODE
MOMENT CAPACITY CHECK
WEB CRUSHING CHECK
SHEAR CHECK ON WEB
COMBINED BENDING AND WEB CRUSHING
COMBINED BENDING AND SHEAR
LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

ING

2.0 mm
300
1200 mm
0.1 kN/m2
0.5 kN/m2
0.7
0 mm

130.597 mm
15.045 m

6.0 m

SPAN OK
SECTION OK
SECTION OK
SECTION OK
SECTION OK
SECTION OK
SECTION IS ELASTIC

1
1

t=
E

205000000000 N/m2

0.00001495 m4

Ys
Us
AREA
D
Zx
Sx
B
r

ry
No of 90
bends

450 N/mm2
500 N/mm2
1094 mm2
300 mm
99680 mm3
116700 mm3
95 mm
2 mm
90 deg
0.0359 m
4

t=

section property table

1.6
Type

Ys=450N/mm2
B

(mm)

(mm)

C75
C100
C150

75
100
150

30
50
65

C200
C250

200
250

76
76

C300

300

95

2.0
Type

Ys=450N/mm2
B

(mm)

(mm)

C75
C100

75
100

30
50

C150
C200
C250
C300

150
200
250
300

65
76
76
95

SERVICEABILITY CONDITION
DEFLECTION(m)

<=SPAN/150

l/150

UNFACTORED IMPOSED LOAD

w=IL * S

ACTUAL DEFLECTION
SPAN FOR SERVICEABILITY LIMITS

5wl4/(384EI)
l=(100*E*I/(150w))^(1/3)

MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENTS AND SHEAR FORCE

ULTIMATE TOTAL LOAD
(1.4*DL+1.6*LL)S*l
MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENT(M)
0.25*w*l
MAXIMUM REACTION ON WEB
1.1*w
AVARAGE MAXIMUM SHEAR FORCE
0.6*w

MOMENT CAPACITY CHECK

Ysa(Py)

Ys+(5*N*t^2/A)*(Us-Ys) AND <1.25*Ys OR Us

P0

MIN((1.13-0.0019*(DW/t)*(YS/280)0.5))PY OR PY

MC

P0*Zx

Mp

Ys*Sx

M'C(max design moment)

for({b/t<25(280/Ys)^0.5, M'c=Mp=Ys*S},
{b/t>40(280/Ys)^0.5,M'c=Mc=PoZx},
{25(280/Ys)^0.5<b/t<40(280/Ys)^0.5,M'c=Mc+(40(280
b/t)/(15(280/Ys)^0.5)*(Mp-Mc)}

CHECK

M<M'c

WEB CRUSHING CHECK

ASSUME N=100mm
FOR MINIMMUM C<1.5D
IT SHOULD D/t<=200 AND r/t<=6
D/t
r/t
k
C3
C4
C12
Pw

150
1
Py/228
1.33-0.33*k
(1.15-0.15*(r/t))(0.5<C4<=1)
0.7+0.3*(/90)2
t2*k*C3*C4*C12{2060-3.8(D/t)}*{1+.01(N/t)}

FOR C> 1.5D LOAD OR REACTION FAR FROM FREE END

C1

1.22-0.22k

0.782261458

C2

1.06-0.06r/t <=1.0

t2kC1C2C12{3350-4.6(D/t)}*{1+0.007(N/t)}

Pw
M AT Pw OCCUR

0 kN.m

Pw
R(REACTION ON WEB)
PW>=R

CHECK

SHEAR CHECK ON WEB

P, MAXIMUM SHEAR STRESS
CHECK

P<=0.7PY

317.5594149909

S, AVERAGE SHEAR STRESS

0.6*PY= 272.2

(1000*t/D)2=
S<= 0.6*PY OR(1000*t/D)2

CHECK
COMBINED EFFECTS
COMBINED BENDING AND WEB CRUSHING
CHECK 1.2*(FW/PW)+(M/MC)<=1.5
M/MC<=1
FW/PW<=1
COMBINED BENDING AND SHEAR
CHECK (Fv/Pv)2+(M/Mc)2<=1

0.03684

LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

MY

Py*Zc

LE

*L

Cb

1.75-1.05*+0.3*2 (<=2.3 AND =1)

LE/ry<40Cb,=0 AND LE/ry>40Cb,=0.002(LE/ry-40Cb)

{My+(1+)*ME}/2

ME

(2*A*E*D/(2(LE/ry)2))*Cb*{1+0.05*(LE*t/ry*D)2}0.5

Mb

ME*MY/{B+(B2-ME*MY)0.5}
MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENT(M)
check Mb<=Mc

CHECK

Mb>M

able

N/mm2
Area
(mm2)

rxx
m2

(mm)

Zxx
m

(x103

225
362.6
497

0.000225
0.0003626
0.000497

29.4
40.3
60.1

0.0294
0.0403
0.0601

mm3)
5192
11782
23953

621.8
705

0.0006218
0.000705

79.3
96.8

0.0793
0.0968

39099
52893

877.8

0.0008778

117.0

0.117

80238

N/mm2
Area

rxx

Zxx

(mm2)

(mm)

(x103
mm3)

278
450

0.000278
0.00045

29.2
40.1

0.0292
0.0401

6334
14500

618
774
878
1094

0.000618
0.000774
0.000878
0.001094

59.9
79.1
96.6
117.0

0.0599
0.0791
0.0966
0.117

29610
48440
65610
99680

600 N/m
0.131 m
15.045 m

6.768 kN
4.061 kN.m
7.445 kN
4.061 kN

.25*Ys OR Us

453.656 N/mm2

80)0.5))PY OR PY

348.724 N/mm2
34.761 kN.m

0.5, M'c=Mp=Ys*S},
.5,M'c=Mc=PoZx},
)^0.5,M'c=Mc+(40(280/Ys)^0.5^0.5)*(Mp-Mc)}

M'c

52.515 kN.m
34.761 kN.m

SPAN OK

Can Continue
Can Continue

*{1+.01(N/t)}

1.990
0.673
1.000
1.000
7.9856 kN

OK

D/t)}*{1+0.007(N/t)}

16.5609660655 kN

7.9856 kN
7.445 kN

>=R

SECTION OK

5.568 N/mm2
N/mm2

SECTION OK
3.712 N/mm2

44.4

R(1000*t/D)2

SECTION OK

SECTION OK
SECTION OK
SECTION OK
Pv

26.7 kN

SECTION OK

=1)
0.002(LE/ry-40Cb)

45.220 kN.m
4.200 m
1.000
0.154

36.593 kN.m

.05*(LE*t/ry*D)2}0.5

24.233 kN.m
20.998 kN.m
6.768 kN.m

NT(M)
Mb<=Mc

20.998
SECTION OK

Sxx

Ixx

(x103

(x106
mm4)

m3
0.000005192
0.000011782
0.000023953

mm3)
6.06
13.57
27.57

mm3
6060
13570
27570

m3
0.00000606
0.00001357
0.00002757

0.195
0.589
1.796

0.000039099
0.000052893

45.25
62.12

45250
62120

0.00004525
0.00006212

3.91
6.612

0.000080238

93.84

93840

0.00009384

12.036

Sxx

Ixx

(x103

(x106
mm4)

mm3)
0.000006334
0.0000145

7.437
16.77

7437
16770

0.000007437
0.00001677

0.238
0.725

0.00002961
0.00004844
0.00006561
0.00009968

34.17
56.19
77.2
116.7

34170
56190
77200
116700

0.00003417
0.00005619
0.0000772
0.0001167

2.221
4.844
8.201
14.95

ryy
(mm)
m4

0.000000195
0.000000589
0.000001796

10.4
19.2
24.5

0.0104
0.0192
0.0245

0.00000391
0.000006612

28.4
27.8

0.0284
0.0278

0.000012036

36.1

0.0361

ryy
(mm)

0.000000238
0.000000725

10.2
19

0.0102
0.019

0.000002221
0.000004844
0.000008201
0.00001495

24.3
28.2
27.6
35.9

0.0243
0.0282
0.0276
0.0359

Zinc-Alum roof sheeting

LL=0.043 kN/m

DL=0.25 kN/m

Span for 1.6 mm thick Sections/m

Spacing/mm

Section

800

1000

1200

1500

1800

C75

3.1

2.9

2.8

2.6

2.5

C100

5.1

4.8

4.6

4.3

4.1

C150

6.9

6.5

6.2

5.9

5.6

C200

8.5

8.0

7.6

7.2

6.9

C250

9.2

8.7

8.3

7.8

7.4

C300

11.5

10.9

10.4

9.4

7.9

LL=0.043 kN/m

DL=0.25 kN/m

Section

Span for 2.0 mm thick Sections/m

Spacing/mm
800.0

1000.0

1200.0

1500.0

1800.0

C75

3.2

3.0

2.9

2.7

2.6

C100

5.4

5.1

4.8

4.6

4.3

C150

7.3

6.9

6.6

6.2

5.9

C200

8.9

8.4

8.1

7.6

7.3

C250

9.7

9.1

8.7

8.2

7.8

C300

12.2

11.5

11.0

10.4

9.9

FAILURE MODE

WEB CRUSHING
LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

Asbastos roof sheeting (6mm thick)

LL=0.12 kN/m

DL=0.25 kN/m

Span for 1.6 mm thick Sections/m

Spacing/mm

Section

800

1000

1200

1500

1800

C75

2.9

2.8

2.6

2.5

2.4

C100

4.8

4.6

4.3

4.1

3.9

C150

6.5

6.2

5.9

5.6

5.3

C200

8.0

7.6

7.2

6.8

6.5

C250

8.7

8.2

7.8

7.4

6.9

C300

10.9

10.3

9.6

7.7

6.4

LL=0.12 kN/m

DL=0.25 kN/m

Section

Span for 2.0 mm thick Sections/m

Spacing/mm
800.0

1000.0

1200.0

1500.0

1800.0

C75

3.1

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.5

C100

5.1

4.8

4.6

4.3

4.1

C150

6.9

6.5

6.2

5.9

5.6

C200

8.5

8.0

7.6

7.2

6.9

C250

9.1

8.6

8.2

7.8

7.4

C300

11.5

10.9

10.5

9.8

9.4

Failure mode
MOMENT CAPACITY
WEB CRUSHING
SHEAR CHECK ON WEB
COMBINED BENDING AND WEB CRUSHI
COMBINED BENDING AND SHEAR
LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

FOR ZINC-ALUM SHEETING

Span/mm

Purlin Spacing
1200mm C/C

Purlin Spacing
1500mm C/C

Purlin Spacing
1800mm C/C

5000

C150-1.6

C150-1.6

C150-1.6

6000

C150-1.6

C150-2.0

C200-1.6

7000

C200-1.6

C200-1.6

C200-2.0

8000

C200-2.0

C250-2.0

C300-1.6

9000

C300-1.6

C300-1.6

C300-1.6

10000

C300-1.6

C300-2.0

FOR ASBESTOS SHEETING

Span/mm

Purlin Spacing
1200mm C/C

Purlin Spacing
1500mm C/C

Purlin Spacing
1800mm C/C

5000

C150-1.6

C150-1.6

C150-1.6

6000

C150-2.0

C200-1.6

C200-1.6

7000

C200-1.6

C200-2.0

C250-2.0

8000

C250-2.0

C300-2.0

C300-2.0

9000

C300-1.6

C300-2.0

C300-2.0

10000

C300-2.0

Reference

Calculations
Consider the section
Section thickness, t
Assume Spacing of purlins, S
Assume Effective bearing length, N

BS5950-5:1998,
cl3.3.3

Modulus of elasticity, E
Second moment of area,Ixx

Section property
table provided by Yield srength, Ys
client
Ultimate strength, Us
Area of the section
Depth of the section, D
Elastic section modulus, Zxx
Plastic section modulus, Sxx
Radius of gyration, ry
Flat width of Flange, B

Calculation of Span
Dead Load of Zink-Alum Roof, DL
Live Load, LL
BS5950-5:1998,
Deflection for seviceability limits
Table3
BS5950-5:1998, cl
Unfactored Imposed Load
2.4

<=
w=

=
=
Actual Deflection
By equating,

=
l/150

=
l=
=
=

Reference

Calculations
DESIGN LOADS

BS5950-5:1998,
Load factors, Dead Load = 1.4, Imposed Load = 1.6
Table2
Ultimate Total Load

Charles E.
Reynolds and
James C.
Steedman,
Maximum Moment, Mmax
Reinforced
Concrete
Designer's
Handbook Tenth
edition, P150-172

Maximum Reaction on Web

=
=
w=
=
=
=

=
=
=

Average Maximum Shear Force

=
=
=

MOMENT CAPACITY CHECK

BS5950-5:1998,
cl 3.4

Increase in yield strength due to cold forming, Ysa

Ysa = Ys+(5*N*t^2/A)*(Us-Ys) AND <1.25*Ys OR Us

Ysa = 450 + (5x4x1.6^2/621.8)*(500-450)

Ysa = 454.117 N/mm2

Ysa=

Reference

Calculations
Compressive stress for stiffened element po is lesser of,

BS5950-5:1998,

(1.13 - 0.0019 x (DW/t) x (YS/280)0.5)PY or PY

cl 5.2.2

(1.13 - 0.0019 x (200 / 1.6) x (450/280)0.5)454.117 or 454.117

376.424 or 454.117
po =

376.424 N/mm2

Moment capacity, MC=

MC=

po x Zx

376.24 x 39099/1000^2
=

Applied maximum moment

Applied maximum moment

< Moment capacity

WEB CRUSHING CHECK

BS5950-5:1998,

Assume N=100mm

cl 5.3

For minimmum C<1.5D

Table7

It Should D/t<=200 AND r/t<=6

D/t

200/1.6

125 < 200

r/t

2/1.6

1.25 < 6

Py/228

450/228

C3

C4

C12

1.33-0.33xk =

1.33 - 0.33 x 1.991=

(1.15-0.15*(r/t))(0.5<C4<=1)
0.7+0.3*(/90)2

[section ok]

Pw

t2*k*C3*C4*C12{2060-3.8(D/t)}*{1+.01(N/t

1.62 x1.991x0.672 x 0.962x 1.0{2060 - 3.8(200/ 1

=
Reaction on web

8.503 kN
=

6.521 kN

Reaction on web < Total we

SHEAR CHECK ON WEB

BS5950-5:1998,
cl 5.4.2

Allowable maximum shear stress

Reference

Calculations
Applied maximum shear stress

=
=
=

Allowable maximum shear stress >

BS5950-5:1998,

Allowable average shear stress

cl 5.4.3

=
=

Applied average shear stress

=
=
=

Allowable average shear stress >

BS5950-5:1998,

COMBINED BENDING AND WEB CRUSHING

cl 5.5.1
(a) 1.2*(FW/PW)+(M/MC)<=1.5

=
=

1.2 x(6.521/8.503) + (0/14.718)

0.92

M/MC<=1

FW/PW<=1

6.521/8.503

COMBINED BENDING AND SHEAR

BS5950-5:1998,
cl 5.5.2

CHECK (Fv/Pv)2+(M/Mc)2<=1
Fv =

3.557

Pv =

lesser of pvDt or qcrDt

lesser of 0.6x454.117x200x1.6 or

20.48
M=

(3.557/20.48)2+(0/14.718)2=0.03

Reference

Calculations

LATERAL TORSIONAL BUCKLING

MY

PyxZc

BS5950-5:1998,
cl 5.6.2.1

=
LE

454.117 x 39099 /1000000

xL

Cb

0.7 x 12.882

1.75-1.05*+0.3*2 (<=2.3 AND =1)

LE/ry

11.594/0.0284 =
0.002(408.24-40) =

(2xAxExD/(2(LE/ry)2))xCbx{1+0.05x(LExt/ryxD)

(2x621.8x205x200/
(2(11.598/0.0284) ))x1x{1+0.05x(11.594x1.6/0.0284x200)2}0.
5
2

{My+(1+)*ME}/2
=

Mb

LE/ry<40Cb,=0 and LE/ry>40Cb,=0.002(LE/ry-40

ME

{17.775+(1+0.736)x0.754}/2

MExMY/{B+(B2-ME*MY)0.5}
=

0.754x11.594/{9.533+(9.5332-0.754*11.594)0.5}

0.73 kN.m

Maximum Bending Moment(M)

Mb

< Maximum Bending Moment(M)

Span should be decreased in the the work sheet until Mb <= Maximu

From work sheet maximum allowable span is 8.0m

Calculations

Results
C200
1.6 mm
1000 mm
100 mm
205 kN/mm2
3.910 x 106 mm4
450 N/mm2
500 N/mm2
621.8 mm2
200 mm
39099 mm3
45250 mm3
28.4 mm
76 mm

0.043 kN/m2
0.25 kN/m2
<=
w=

SPAN/150
LL x S

0.25x1000

l/150

N/m
250 N/m

wl4/(100EI)

wl4/(100EI)
l=

(100xExI/(150w))^(1/3) m

(100x205x3.910 x 106
(150x250)^(1/3)x1000

12.882 m

250 N/m

l=12.882m

Calculations

Results

(1.4 x DL+1.6 x LL) S x l

=

(1.4x0.043 +
1.6x0.25)
x1.0x12.882

w=

5.928 kN
0.1 WL

w=5.928

kN.m

kN

0.1 x 5.928 x 12.882

7.636 kN.m

Mmax
7.636

1.1 x w
=

kN

1.1 x 5.928

6.521 kN

0.6 x w
=
=

0.6 x 5.928

kN
3.557 kN

kN.m

Ysa = 450 + (5x4x1.6^2/621.8)*(500-450)

Ysa <1.25x450 or 500

Ysa < 562.5 or 500ok

Py (Design Strength)

Calculations

Results

tiffened element po is lesser of,

x (450/280)0.5)454.117 or 454.117

Mc= 14.718
=

14.718 kN.m
7.636 kN.m

< Moment capacity

kN.m

[section ok]

Can Continue
Can Continue
1.991
0.672
(1.15-0.15*(2/1.6)) =
1

0.962

k*C3*C4*C12{2060-3.8(D/t)}*{1+.01(N/t)}=

8.503kN

1.991x0.672 x 0.962x 1.0{2060 - 3.8(200/ 1.6)}x{ 1+ 0.01(100/1.6)}

Pw =
8.503 kN
Reaction on web < Total web reaction [section ok]

0.7 py

0.7 x 454.117
=

317.882 N/mm2

Calculations

Results
average shear force x1.5/ section area
3557 x1.5 /621.8
8.581 N/mm2

Applied maximum shear stress

[ section ok]

[ section ok]

lesser of 0.6py or (1000t^2/D)

lesser of 0.6x454.117 or (1000x1.6^2/200)
64 N/mm2

average shear force/ section area

3557 /621.8
5.721 N/mm2

Applied average shear stress

[ section ok]

[ section ok]

1.2 x(6.521/8.503) + (0/14.718)

<1.5

[ section ok]

<1

[ section ok]

<1

[ section ok]

[ section ok]

kN
lesser of pvDt or qcrDt
lesser of 0.6x454.117x200x1.6 or (1000x1.6^2/200)x200x1.6
kN
[ section ok]
<1

[ section ok]

Calculations

*+0.3*2 (<=2.3 AND =1)

Results

17.755 kN.m
11.594 m
=

ry<40Cb,=0 and LE/ry>40Cb,=0.002(LE/ry-40Cb)

>40Cb

408.24
0.736

AxExD/(2(LE/ry)2))xCbx{1+0.05x(LExt/ryxD)2}0.5

(2x621.8x205x200/
)x1x{1+0.05x(11.594x1.6/0.0284x200)2}0.
5

3+(9.5332-0.754*11.594)0.5}

0.754

kN.m

9.533 kN.m

5.928 kN.m

aximum Bending Moment(M)

[ section fail]
[ section fail]

d in the the work sheet until Mb <= Maximum Bending Moment(M)

mum allowable span is 8.0m