The English Glossary for Well Control

1. abnormal pressure
normal pressure
higher-than-normal pressure
higher-than-expected pressure
abnormally high pressure
lower-than-normal pressure
lower-than-expected pressure
abnormally low pressure

2.
3.
4.
5.

accumulator
accumulator bottle
acid fracture
adjustable choke
choke valve
check valve
gate valve

6. annular/bag blowout preventer (BOP)

ram BOP
rotating BOP

7. annular pressure(casing pressure)

()
8. annular space (annulus)
9. annular velocity bar
10. anticline
centrocline

11. atmospheric pressure (0.1MPa/1at)

12. background gas

13. back off /break out /
make up

14. back-pressure
15. barite
16. barium sulfate BaSO4
17. barrel (bbl)
gallon
1m3=6.2897bbl
1barrel = 42 gallon=0.15988 m3 (U.S)

18. bell nipple () shooting

nipple
19. BHP (bottom hole pressure)
20. bleed
to drain off liquid or gas, generally slowly,
through a valve called bleeder

21. bleed line

22. blind ram
pipe ram
shear ram
variable ram

23. blind ram preventer

24. blowout
influx ----overflow ----kick -----blowout -----out of control for blowout

25. blowout preventer control panel

26. blowout preventer control unit

27. blowout sticking

28. BOP
29. BOP stack
30. bottom hole pressure BHP
31. bottom hole pressure test
DST----drill stem test

32. intentional kick

33. unintentional kick
34. bottoms up
35. bottoms-up time
lag time

36. Boyles law P1V1=P2V2

37. bridging materials LCM
fibrous flaky granular

38. bullheading
forcing gas back into a formation by
pumping into the annulus from the surface.
any pumping procedure in which fluid is
pumped into the well against pressure

39. cased hole

open hole section

40. casing
collar
drillpipe
HWDP=heavy wall drillpipe

41. casing burst pressure

42. casing point
43. casing pressure

44. casing seat

45. casing string
46. cement n.
47. cement plug balance cement plug

48. change rams

49. charless law (V1/T1=V2/T2)
an ideal gas law

50. check valve

51. choke
52. choke line
53. choke manifold
kill manifold

54. circulate-and-weight method

concurrent method

55. circulating components

mud pump, rotary hose, swivel, drill stem,
bit, mud return line

56. circulating density

57. circulating head
58. circulating pressure
59. circulation
the movement of drilling fluid out of the
mud pits, down the drill stem, up the
annulus, and back to the mud pits.
lost circulation
LCM
loss of circulation/lost returns

60. clay hydration

the swelling that occurs when clays in the formation
take on water

61. closed-in pressure/ shut-in pressure

62. concurrent method

63. condition v. ,,
64. connate water/interstitial water
65. connection gas
66. constant choke-pressure method

67. constant pit-level method

68. crystallization
the formation of crystals from solutions or melts.

69. degasser
the device used to remove unwanted gas from a
liquid, especially from drilling fluid

70. diverter /
71. diverter line
72. drag /
friction between the rotating bit and the
nonmoving formation

73. drillers BOP control panel

74. drillers method
wait-and-weight method /

75. drilling break /

a sudden increase in the drill bits rate of
penetration.

76. drilling fluid=drilling mud

77. drilling rate ROP
ROPrate of penetration m/h
drilling time min/m

78. drilling under pressure

under balance pressure drilling UBD
drilling over pressure /
near-balance pressure drilling/

79. drill pipe float

a check valve installed in the drill stem that
allows mud to be pumped down the drill stem but
prevents flow back up the drill stem.

80. drill pipe pressure SIDPP/SICP shut-in

casing
81. drill pipe pressure gauge gaugeprotected bit
82. drill pipe safety valve
upper/lower Kelly cock /

83. drill stem / drill string

84. DST---drilling stem test
unintentional kick
intentional kick

85. drill under pressure v.

86. ECD---equivalent circulating density /

87. entrained gas

gas-cut mud/
88. explosive fracture
89. fault
90. fill line
91. fill-up line
92. fill the hole v.
93. fill-up rate
94. filter cake
95. filter loss
96. filter press
97. filtrate /

98. final circulating pressure (FCP)

ICP---initial circulating pressure

99. flow check

100. formation breakdown pressure
leak-off test -LOT FIT---formation
integrity test
MAASP ----iwcf
Maximum allowable annular surface pressure
MASP----iadc
Maximum allowable surface pressure
MACP----canada
Maximum allowable casing pressure

101. formation competency test

102. formation fluid
103. formation fracture gradient

104. formation fracture pressure

105. formation fracturing
106. formation pressure
107. formation strength
108. frac job/ formation fracturing
109. fracture
a crack or crevice[`krevis] in a formation ,
either natural or induced

110. fracture pressure

the pressure at which a formation will break
down , or fracture

111. friction loss

112. gas
113. gas buster=mud-gas separator -

poor boy

114.
115.
116.
117.

gas-cut mud
gas cutting
gas detection analyzer
geopressured shales
impermeable shales, highly compressed by
overburden pressure, that are characterized
by large amounts of formation fluids and
abnormally high pore pressure.

118. geostatic pressure

the pressure to which a formation is
subjected by its overburden. also called ground pressure,
lithostatic pressure, rock pressure.

119. geothermal gradient

120. guide shoe
121. gunk plug
122. hang off
123. hard shut-in
soft shut-in

124. head
the height of a column of liquid required to
produce a specific pressure.

125. hole geometry/hole size

the shape and size of the wellbore

126. hydraulic control pod

a device used on floating offshore drilling rigs

to provide a way to actuate and control subsea
blowout preventers from the rig.

127. hydraulic fracturing

128. hydraulic head
129. hydril
registered trademark of a prominent manufacture
of oilfield equipment, especially annular
blowout preventer.

130. hydrogen sulfide H2S

131. hydrostatic pressure
132. IADC--- International Association of Drilling
Contractors

IWCF--- International Well Control Forum

133. ICP
initial circulating pressure, set in drilling reports
FCP final circulating pressure

134. inside blowout preventer

135. inside BOP
136. internal BOP= internal preventer

137. interstitial water

138. invert-emulsion mud
an oil mud in which fresh water or salt is the
dispersed phase and diesel, crude, or some other
oil is the continuous phase.
oil-base mud OBM

water-base mud WBM

139. kelly cock

upper kelly cock
lower kelly cock

140. kick
an entry of water, gas, oil, or other formation fluid
into the wellbore during drilling/workover

141. kick fluids

142. kick tolerance
143. kill v.
144. kill fluid =old density + MWI
MWI----mud weight increase = 102Pd/H

145. kill line

146. kill rate
147. kill-rate pressure
SCR----slow circulating rate SPR

148. kill sheet

a printed form that contains blank spaces for
recording information about killing well.
It is provided to reminded of the personnel of the
necessary steps to take to kill a well.

149. kill string

the drill string through which kill fluids are
circulated when handing a kick.

150. leak-off test LOT

151. log / v. , n.
LWD--- log while drilling
MWD---measure while drilling

152. log a well v.

153. logging device

154. loss of circulation
lost circulation

155. lost circulation additives

fiber, flake, or granular
156. lost circulation materials LCM
157. lost circulation plug
158. lost returns
159. lubricate / v . lubricator
dope
1. to apply grease or oil to moving parts.
2. lower or raise tools in or out of a well with
pressure inside the well.
the term comes from the fact that a
lubricant(grease) is often used to provide a

seal against well pressure while allowing

wireline to move in or out of the well.
160. macaroni string
a string of tubing or pipe, usually 0.75 or 1
inch(1.9 or 2.54 centimeters) in diameter

161. MASP---maximum allowable surface pressure

= P f - Pm

162. matrix acidizing

an acidizing treatment using low or no pressure to
improve the permeability of a formation without
fracturing it
163. measured depth MD/TVD /
TVD =true vertical depth
ID internal diameter

OD outer diameter

164. Minerals Management Service(MMS)

165. mud
166. mud additive
167. mud analysis logging
168. mud column
169. mud conditioning
170. mud density recorder
171. mud-flow indicator
172. mud-flow sensor
173. mud-gas separator poor boy
174. mud gradient Gm=0.0981m
bar/m
175. mud-level recorder
176. mud log
a record of information derived from
examination of drilling fluid and drill bit
cuttings.

177. mud logger

an employee of a mud logging company who
performs mud logging

178. mud logging

the recording information derived from
examination and analysis of formation cuttings
made by the bit and of mud circulated out of the
hole.

179. mud pit

180. mud program
181. mud pump
182. mud return line

183. mud system

184. mud tank
185. mud weight
186. mud -weight equivalent
187. mud weight recorder
188. nipple up nipple down

189. normal circulation

190. normal formation pressure
0.00981----- 0.010496 MPa/m

1.00---

0.0098----- 0.010486 MPa /m

bar

1.07g/cm3

191. OCS --- Outer Continental Shelf

192. OCS orders
193. oil-based mud OBM
194. oil- emulsion mud
a water-based mud WBM

195. oil mud

oil base mud
invert- emulsion mud

196. open /,open hole

197. overburden pressure
1psi/ft = 0.022621Mpa/m

198. permeability
impermeability

199. pipe ram

200. pipe ram preventer
201. pit gain
202. pit-level

203. pit-level indicator/recorder

204. Pit Volume Totalizer(PVT)
205. plug
206. plug back v.
sidetrack

207. plugging material cement

208. positive choke
209. pounds per cubic foot / 3pcf
1g/cm3 = 62.421973 pcf
1 pcf = 0.01602 g/cm3
210. pounds per gallon(ppg) /
1g/cm3 = 8.33ppg fresh water

211. pounds per square inch gauge(psig) / 2

212. pounds per square inch per foot psi/ft

/ 2/-----
213. pressure
214. pressure drop
dry trip
wet trip

215. pressure gauge

216. pressure gradient
217. pressure-integrity test
LOT
218. pressure loss
219. preventer
220. preventer packer
221. pump pressure
222. pump rate spm----/

FIT

223. ram
224. ram blowout preventer
225. rate of penetration (ROP) m/hr
226. reduced circulating pressure(RCP)

SCRslow circulation rate

SPRslow pump rate

227. remote BOP control panel =drillers BOP

control panel /console

228. remote choke panel

229. returns
230. reverse circulation
231. reverse drilling break
232. rotating blowout preventer
233. rotating head
234. safety valve back pressure valve
non-return valve
a valve installed at the top of the drill stem to
prevent flow
out of the drill pipe if a kick occurs during
tripping operations.

235. saturation point

the point at which, at a certain temperature and
pressure,
no more solid materials will dissolved in a
liquid.

236. set point =casing depth

the depth of the bottom of the casing when it is
set in the well.

237. setting depth

the depth at which the bottom of the casing
extends in the well bore
when it is ready to be cemented.

238. shale /
sand
shale shaker

239. shallow gas

240. shear ram
241. shear ram preventer
242. shut in v.
243. shut-in n.
244. shut-in bottomhole pressure(SIBHP)

245. shut-in bottomhole pressure test

246. shut-in casing pressure(SICP)

247. shut-in drill pipe pressure(SIDPP)
occur a kick

248. shut-in pressure(SIP)

249. snub v.
250. snubber
251. snubbing line
252. snubbing unit = snubber
253. soft shut-in
254. space out ,
255. stack
256. strip a well v.
257. stripper head
258. stripper rubber
259. stripping

260. stripping in
261. stripping out
262. strip pipe
263. stump pressure test
264. subsea blowout preventer
265. subsea choke-line valve
266. surface stack
267. surging
268. swab v.
269. swabbed show
270. swabbing / swabbing effect
271. temperature gradient
272. total depth (TD)
273. transition zone
274. trip gas
275. trip margin
276. trip tank
277. true vertical depth (TVD)
278. tubingless completion
workover
service rig

279. underground blowout

280. United State Geological Survey(USGS)

281. upper kelly cock

282. wait-and-weight method (

)
283. water base mud
284. water hammer
285. wellbore =well=hole
286. wellbore pressure
287. well control
the methods used to control a kick and prevent a
well from blowing out.
Such techniques include, but not limited to,
keeping the borehole completely filled with
drilling mud of the proper weight or density
during all operation, exercising reasonable care
when tripping pipe out of the hole to prevent
swabbing, and keeping careful track of the amount
of mud put into the hole to replace the volume of
pipe removed from the hole during a trip.

288. well kick

289. wetability
290. wild well /
out of control well