Visual C++ CLI NET

V i s u a l C++/CLI.
N E T
-
-
. 29.07.2011, 3
2012
Microsoft Visual Studio .NET

. C++ ,
, , .
: ,
. ,
CLI .
.
ADO.NET , , SQL
C++ Active Data Objects
.NET Framework .
.
, ,
.
.
.
" ", 2012

ISBN 978-9941-20-002-1
http://gtu.ge/publishinghouse/
. (, , )
( ),
.
.

.........................................................................................................................................11
I . C++ .....................................................................................................................................12
1. .....................................................................................................................................12
..............................................................................12
.NET Framework .....................................................................................................................12
......................................................................................13
C++ ......................................................................................................................14
.......................................................................15
..................................................................................16
................................................................................................................................16
.............................................................................................................................16
.......................................................................................................................17
2. C++ ..............................................................................................................18
.............................................................................................................................18
...................................................................................................................................25
C++ ....................................................................................................................25
......................................................................................................................26
...................................................................................28
.........................................................................................................28
.......................................................................................................................31
bool ..........................................................................................................................................33
String^ .....................................................................................................................................33
......................................................................................................................................33
............................................................................34
...............................................................................................................................................35
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....................................................................................36
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.......................................................................................................................41
.............................................................................................41
...............................................................................................................42
. ........................................................................................42
.................................................................................................................................45
..............................................................................................46
.................................................................................................................................47
safe_cast ...........................................................................................................................48
..............................................................................................48
............................................................................................48
....................................................................................................................49
......................................................................................................................50
....................................................................................................................50
..............................................................................................................52
3. .......................................................................................................54
......................................................................................................................54
5
if ..................................................................................................................................54
if ..............................................................................................................54
switch ..........................................................................................................................55
switch ...................................................................................................57
.....................................................................................................................58
for ................................................................................................................................58
while ............................................................................................................................61
do-while ......................................................................................................................62
.................................................................................................................62
break ............................................................................................................................62
continue ......................................................................................................................63
goto ..............................................................................................................................64
...................................................................................................................64
.........................................................................................................................................65
4.
.......................................................................................67
ISO/ANSI ..................................................................................................................................67
........................................................................................................67
........................................................................68
..........................................................................................................68
..........................................................................69
.....................................................................................................................................70
......................................................................................................71
& ..................................................................................................................................71
..............................................................................................................73
.......................................................................................................73
...............................................................75
..............................................................................................................................................76
sizeof ....................................................................................................................................77
...............................................................................................77
.........................................................................................................................77
new delete ..........................................................................................................78
.............................................................78
CLR ...........................................................................................................................................79
..................................................................................80
........................................................................................................81
..................................................................................................83
.............................................................................................................................86
..........................................................................................86
........................................................................................................................87
for each .....................................................................................................................................88
....................................................................................................................90
&, |, ^ ~ .........................................................................................90
......................................................................................................................94
5. ..................................................................................................................................95
................................................................................................................................................95
......................................................................................................................95
....................................................................................................96
CLR ............................................................98
............................. 101
6. , , ................................................................................... 103
. ............................................................................................ 103
........................................................................................................................... 107
............................................................................................................ 108
....................................................................................................................... 108
.............................................................................................................................................. 110
.................................................................................................. 113
.................................................................................................................... 114
................................................................................................................................ 116
class struct ........................................................................................................................ 120
.................................................................................................... 121
.......................................................................................................... 122
" " ......................................................................................... 124
...................................................... 125
this ............................................................................................................................ 127
............................................................................................................... 129
.................................................................................................................................. 130
............................................................................................................................. 131
....................................................................................................................................... 132
.......................................................................................................................................... 133
...................................................................................................................................... 134
........................................................................................................................ 135
initonly ..................................................................................................................................... 137
.......................................................................................................... 138
.......................................................................................... 138
7. . ......................................................... 140
....................................................................... 140
............................................................................................... 142
........................................................................................... 148
................................................ 149
. .................................................................................. 151
..................................................................................................... 153
.................................................................................................................... 156
...................................................................................................................... 158
.................................................................. 161
....................................................................... 162
................................................................................. 163
.......................................................................................................................... 163
............................................................................................................................... 166
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.................................................................................................................. 170
....................................................................................................................... 172
....................................................................................................................... 174
.............................................................................................................. 177
.................................................................................................... 180
.......................................................................... 182
........................................................................................................................................... 183
Array ................................................................................................................. 184
8. . ..................................................................... 187
................................................................................................ 187
.............................................................................................. 189
protected ................................................................................................................ 191
, ......................................................... 193
................................................................................................. 196
................................................................................................ 199
................................................................................................................... 201
...................................................................................................... 206
....................................................................................................................... 207
............................................. 210
.......................................................................................................... 211
................................................................................................. 212
object ....................................................................................................................................... 213
9. , , , ............................... 215
.............................................................................................................................................. 215
................................................................................................................... 216
.......................................................................................... 219
........................................................................................................... 219
.................................................................................................................... 222
.................................................................................................................... 222
.......................................................................................................................................... 225
............................................................................................................................................. 228
............................................................................................................................ 231
.............................................................................................. 231
.................................................................................................... 234
....................................................................................................... 238
10. - ........................................................................................... 239
- .......................................................................................... 239
....................................................................................................................... 239
................................................................................................................... 242
.......................................................................................................................... 242
FileStream ................................................................................................................................ 242
........................................................................................................ 242
............................................................................................................. 243
................................................................................................... 244
- ...................................................................................... 246
StreamWriter ...................................................................................................................... 246
StreamReader ...................................................................................................................... 247
................................................................................. 247
BinaryWriter ....................................................................................................................... 248
BinaryReader ..................................................................................................................... 248
..................................................................................................... 250
........................................................................................... 251
...................................................................................................................... 255
.................................................................................................................................. 258
NetworkStream ....................................................................................................................... 259
MemoryStream BufferedStream .................................................................................... 261
- .............................................................................. 263
11. ........................................................................................... 265

..................................................... 265
try catch ........................................................................................................................ 266
try catch ........................................................................ 269
catch ............................................................................................. 272
.............................................................................. 273
try ................................................................................................................... 274
.............................................................. 275
............................................................................................................................................ 277
....................................................................................................... 277
............................................................................................ 278
................................................................. 282
12. ............................................................................................................................... 285
........................................................................................................................................... 285
.......................................................................................... 288
.................................................................................................................... 294
............................................................................................................. 294
................................................................................................................... 295
.................................................................................................. 295
StringBuilder ....................................................................... 297
II . C++ ....................................................................................... 300
13. , ............................................................................... 300
............................................................................................................................... 300
........................................................................................................................... 308
14. ............................................................................................................................... 313
.......................................................................................................................... 313
- ....................................................................................................................................... 320
........................................................................................................................ 323
.................................................................................................................................................... 328
.................................................................................................................................................. 329
................................................................................................................................. 331
15. ............................................................................................................. 334
................................................................................................. 334
........................................................................................................... 336
.......................................................................................... 338
.............................................................................................. 339
............................................................................ 341
......................................................................................................... 343
Timer ................................................................................................................................... 343
Join() ............................................................................................................................... 344
Interlocked .......................................................................................................................... 345
Monitor ............................................................................................................................... 346
16. ............................................................................... 349
................................................................................................................................. 349
.............................................................................................................................................. 353
.................................................................................................. 358
............................................................................................................. 361
.......................................................................................................................... 362
....................................................................................................... 362
............................................................................................. 365
..................................................................................................... 365
................................................................................................... 367
............................................................................................................ 368
asm ......................................................................................................................... 371
17. ADO.NET ................................................................................................................. 374
Visual Studio .NET- ...................................... 374
ADO.NET ..................................................................................................... 378
ADO.NET .............................................................................................. 379
- ................................................................. 379
- .................................................................. 380
System.Data ................................................................................................ 381
ADO.NET .................................................... 381
DataReader .................................................... 381
DataSet .................................................. 383
..................................................................................................................... 383
............................................................................................................. 387
........................................................................................................... 388
....................................................................................................................... 389
................................................................................................... 390
SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT DELETE ................................................... 392
.............................................................................................. 393
........................................................................................................................ 394
................................................................................................... 396
SQL .......................................................................................... 398
....................................................................................................... 398
UPDATE ........................................................................... 399
INSERT ............................................................................. 403
DELETE ............................................................................ 404
ADO.NET .................................................................. 406
.............................................................................................. 408
....................................................................................................................... 410
1. ................................................................................ 412
2. .............................................................................................. 438
........................................................................................................................................ 492
10

Visual Studio .NET .
- , ,
Windows , , ..
.
C++/CLI ,
.
C++ - C++/CLI, .NET Framework

C++ .

. ADO.NET , , SQL
C++ Active Data Objects
.NET Framework .
Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2010 .
- Windows XP - SP/3, Windows 7, Visual
Studio.NET 2008/2010.
C++/CLI -
. , .

. :
samkharadze.roman@gmail.com, rsamkharadze@mail.ru .
11
I . C++
1.

,
,
, .. C++ ,
Microsoft-,
Windows
.
.
. , C++
C .
C - - Bell Laboratories-
1972 .
Unix, Windows . ,
.
. C 1980
.

. . -
().
. , 1974 Bell Laboratories (Bjarne Stroustrup) C "C ". 1983 C++ . C++ C
. 1990 C++
.
1985 , - 1990 . 1994
C++ .
.
(Standart Template Library, STL).
C++ - C++/CLI (Common Language Infrastructure,
), ECMA (European Association for
Standartizing Information and Computer Systems,
) .
.NET Framework
.NET Framework Visual C++
: (Common Language Runtime,
CLR), , , .NET
12
Framework . .NET
CLR . .NET C++, C#
Visual Basic .NET .
.NET Framework :
- Web- ;
-
;
- C++
, .NET Framework .

CLR ,
(Common Language Infrastructure, CLI)
. CLR- CLI , Microsoft Windows-
.
, C++ , .cpp,
.h. ,
. C++ ,
(Microsoft Intermediate Language, MSIL).
,
. CLR
. MSIL
, Net FrameWork
.
MSIL JIT (just in
time). C++ CLR JIT , MSIL
. ,
.
CLI , ,
(Common Type System, CTS) . CTS-
, CLR . CTS-
. , , ,
CLR- .

.
CLR-
,
.
.NET Framework (managed code),
CLR .
: ,
, ,
.
, , (unmanaged code), CLR
13
. .NET Framework . ,
. , C++ ,
.
,

(Common Language Specification, CLS). .
C++ , CLR- , C++ . CLR ,
, ,
. C++ , CLR
C++ , CLR .
C++-
, . C++-
C++ ,
.
, ,
. ,
C++ CLR- .
, Windows- :
, CLR- ,
. Windows, CLR- ,
(Graphical User Interface, GUI) Windows Forms ,
.NET Framework . Windows Forms
GUI- ,

. C++ - Microsoft
Foundation Classes (MFC) .
CLR- C++
. CLR-
,
ISO/ANSI C++ . , CLR-

, .
C++ ()
, C#-, .
C++
Visual Studio C++ ,
. :
- ISO/ANSI C++ (International Standards Organization,
/ American National Standards Institute,
). C++ . C++
, 1998
.
14
C++ C++- .
ISO/ANSI C++
.
;
- C++/CLI C++ , ISO/ANSI C++
(CLI) .
2003 Microsoft- C++
.NET Framework . ,
CLR- C++ C++/CLI
CLR C++/CLI .
ISO/ANSI C++
(application, , -) .
( C++). C++/CLI
.NET Framework Windows Forms ( C++)
. C++/CLI
, .
C++/CLI .NET
Framework , ISO/ANSI C++
. , C++/CLI ISO/ANSI C++ ,
, CLR- ,
CLR- . , ISO/ANSI C++
CLR- . -
ISO/ANSI C++
. C++/CLI
CLR- . , ,
C++/CLI C++ .

(Integrated Development Environment,
IDE), Visual C++ , C++ ,
, . :
, , .
(editor) , C++
. C++
,
.
(compiler)
.
. .obj .
(builder)
,
. , ,
.
(library) ()
, C++ .
15

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, , , , ..
. ,
, .
,
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C++ :
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(encapsulation) ,
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( ) .
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.

(private) (public). ()
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,
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(polymorphism) ,

. ,
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16
(inheritance)

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, . ,

.

, .
() . ,
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17
2. C++

C++ ,
.
{
//
2.1
//

int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, jami;
ricxvi1 = 2;
ricxvi2 = 3;
jami = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
}
C++
"{" "}".
, //
( ).
. int (integer - ) ,
. ,
. -
, , (
, ).

. C++ .
ricxvi1 - 2. "="
.
. .
jami ricxvi1 ricxvi2
.

. . ,
- .
- , ,
, . ,
.
, , textBox
, - label , () button . 2.1 :
{
//
2.2
//

18
ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
label5->Text = jami.ToString();
}
, ricxvi1 textBox1
(, 5), Convert::ToInt32
. , textBox1
Text , . ,
. Convert::ToInt32
, textBox1->Text, .
, textBox1 , ,
. , ricxvi1
, .
.

.
. 2.1.
19
. 2.2.
. 2.3.
20
. 2.4.
. 2.5.
21
,
label5 . Text , , jami .
Text , jami
. ToString() .
. , Microsoft Visual Studio .NET
2008 . Microsoft Development Environment (. 2.1). Recent
Projects Create Project .
New Project (. 2.2). Project Types Visual C++ . Templates
Windows Forms Application . Name
, , OriRicxvisShekreba. Browse
, OriRicxvisShekreba
( ,
). Open , - Ok . ,
OriRicxvisShekreba Visual Studio 2008 Projects
. , Form1 (. 2.3).
(ToolBox).
(, ). (. 2.4).
Common Controls . textBox . ,
, , ,
. ,
. textBox1 (.
2.5). textBox - textBox2,
Button label . . 2.5- .

. , ,
, .
label1 Text ,
(Properties) , : "
" Enter . ,
Font , .
. . 2.6- .
button1
. , 2.2.
Save All .
Shift+F7 (+
), - F7 .
F5 . ,
(. 2.7). textBox1 textBox2
button1 , "". label5
. ,
"" .. ,
.
C++ .h .cpp (). ,
, , Form1.h .
, ,
Visual C++.NET .
22
. 2.6.
. 2.7.
2.1- ,
-. , . 2.2- Templates
CLR Console Application , Name: ,
Browse OK .
:
// c1.cpp : main project file
23
#include "stdafx.h"
using namespace System;
int main(array<System::String ^> ârgs)
{
Console::WriteLine(L"Hello World");
return 0;
}
Console::WriteLine() . ,
, Console::WriteLine()
Console::ReadLine() ; ,
Enter . . , using
namespace System; :
using namespace System::Threading;
Threading Sleep() ,
.
, Console::WriteLine(L"Hello World");
. :
//
c1.cpp : main project file
#include "stdafx.h"
{
String^ m1;
String^ m2;
//
-
m1 = Console::ReadLine();
m2 = Console::ReadLine();
ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(m1);
ricxvi2 = Convert::ToInt32(m2);
Console::WriteLine(L"jami = " + jami.ToString());
Thread::Sleep(5000);
return 0;
}
.
. .
Console::WriteLine(L"jami = " + jami.ToString());
L - (Unicode) . Thread::Sleep(5000);
5 .
, , C++
. , Computer computer . :
{
//
C++
int ricxvi1;
Ricxvi1 = 5; //
! Ricxvi1
24
}
, , ricxcvi1,
Ricxvi1. C++ .
C++ .
// . /*
*/ . ,
,
.. .
. ,
.
{
/*

*/
//
textBox

}
C++
, ,
. ,
. ISO/ANSI C++ . C++/CLI
, ISO/ANSI
. :
- ;
- , ;
- void ,
.
ISO/ANSI C++ 2.1 . C++/CLI 2.2
. , System ,
C#, C++, Visual Basic JScript
. System .NET Framework .
2.3 .
C++/CLI
.
C++/CLI ISO/ANSI
, System . , C++/CLI
25
ISO/ANSI
. ,
.
,
2.2 .
(default), char signed char . ,
System::SByte . System
, C++/CLI . System
. , Decimal ,
28 .
(boxing,
) . - (unboxing, ). ,
.
C++/CLI ,
.

. C++ ISO/ANSI C++/CLI
2.1 2.2 . unsigned
, .
. ( )
. , , ,
.
. ,
.
C++/CLI (2.2 ): long long
unsigned long long. long long -9,223,372,036,854,775,808
9,223,372,036,854,775,807 , unsigned long long - 0 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 .
long long LL ll ,
unsigned long long - ULL ull :
long long mteli1 = 123456789123456LL;
unsigned long long mteli2 = 12345678912345678ULL;
ISO/ANSI ISO/ANSI
. C++/CLI ISO/ANSI, CLI :
{
//

int mteli1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
double wiladi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
Int32 mteli2 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
Double wiladi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox4->Text);
Byte baiti = Convert::ToSByte(textBox5->Text);
long long mteli3 = Convert::ToInt64(textBox6->Text);
label1->Text = mteli1.ToString() + " " + wiladi1.ToString() + " " + mteli2.ToString() + " " +
wiladi2.ToString() + " " + baiti.ToString() + " " + mteli3.ToString();
}
26
2.1. C++ ISO/ANSI
bool
char
128 127
signed
char
128 127
unsigned
char
0 255
wchar_t
char
0 65,535
short
32,768 32,767
unsigned
short
0 65,535
long
2,147,483,648 2,147,483,647
int
2,147,483,648 2,147,483,647
unsigned
int
0 4,294,967,295
unsigned
long
0 4,294,967,295
float
3.4E +/- 38 (7 )
double
1.7E +/- 308 (15 )
long
double

double
__int8
128 127
unsigned
__int8
0 255
__int16
32,768 32,767
unsigned
__int16
0 65,535
__int32
2,147,483,648 2,147,483,647
unsigned
__int32
0 4,294,967,295
__int64
9,223,372,036,854,775,808
9,223,372,036,854,775,807
unsigned
__int64
0 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
27
false true
double
2.2. C++/ CLI

CLI
System::Boolean
System::SByte
System:: SByte
System:: Byte
System::Int16
System:: UInt16
System::Int32
System::UInt32
System:: Int32
System:: UInt32
System::Int64
System::UInt64
System::Single
System::Double
System::Double
System::Char

bool
char
signed char
unsigned char
short
unsigned short
int
unsigned int
long
unsigned long
long long
unsigned long long
float
double
long double
wchar_t

1
1
1
1
2
2
4
4
4
4
8
8
4
8
8
2

char, short, int long signed
. ,
. , int long ,
signed int signed long .
,
unsigned :
unsigned int mteli = 87;
signed unsigned , ,
signed int unsigned int:
signed mteli1 = 75;
//
signed int mteli1 = 75;
unsigned mteli2 = 75;
//
unsigned int mteli2 = 75;

.
ISO/ANSI, C++/CLI .
.
28
2.3. System
Byte
8-
Visual Basic
C#
C++
JScript
Byte
byte
char
Byte
SByte
sbyte
signed char
SByte
Short
short
short
short
Integer
int
int long
int
Long
long
__int64
long
UShort
ushort
unsigned
UInt16
SByte
8-
Int16
16-
Int32
32-
Int64
64-
UInt16
16-
short
UInt32
UInt64
32-
UInteger
uint
unsigned int
unsigned long
64-
ULong
ulong
unsigned
UInt32
UInt64
__int64
Single
Single
float
float
float
Double
double
double
double
Boolean
bool
bool
bool
(32-)
Double
(64-)
Boolean
Boolean
(true false)
29
2.3. ()
Char
Char
char
wchar_t
char
Decimal
decimal
Decimal
Decimal
IntPtr
IntPtr
IntPtr
IntPtr
(-
(-
(-
UIntPtr
UIntPtr
UIntPtr
(-
(-
(-
Object
object
Object*
Object
String
string
String*
String
(16)
Decimal
Decimal
(128)
IntPtr
(32 64)
UIntPtr
UIntPtr
(32-
64-)
Object
String
{
//

float wiladi1, wiladi2, shedegi1;
double wiladi3, wiladi4, shedegi2;
Double wiladi5, wiladi6, shedegi3;
wiladi1 = 5.5;
wiladi3 = 7.98;
wiladi5 = 3.084;
wiladi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
shedegi1 = wiladi1 + wiladi2;
30

label1->Text = shedegi1.ToString() + " " + shedegi2.ToString() + " " + shedegi3.ToString();
}

, . , :
const double d1= 9.43;
//
d1 = 9.43
double d2 = 5.6E-3;
//
d2 = 0,0056
double d3 = 6E3;
//
d3 = 6000

.
ISO/ANSI, C++/CLI . char , wchar_t
Char - 2 . , wchar_t Char Unicode
. .
{
//

char simbolo1 = 'w';
char simbolo2 = textBox1->Text[0];
wchar_t simbolo3 = L'';
wchar_t simbolo4 = textBox2->Text[0];
Char simbolo5 = L'';
Char simbolo6 = textBox3->Text[0];
label1->Text = simbolo1.ToString() + " " + simbolo2.ToString();
}
, , .
, .
: , ,
.. ,
label1->Text = L" \n ";
label1 "",
- "". 2.4 .

- .
.
, .
: Win32 ,
, CLR ,
CLR .
.
31
2.4.

\'

\"

\\

\0
Null (, 0)
\a
\b
(BackSpace)
\f

\n

\r

\t

\v

//

#include "stdafx.h"
{
Console::WriteLine(L"\t\t");
Console::WriteLine(L"\n\a");
Console::WriteLine(L"\b");
Console::WriteLine(L" \r");
return 0;
}
:
romani
lika
beqa
ana
saba
romanlika
anaani lika
Console::WriteLine(L"\t\t"); ,
. ""
. , . ,
"" -9
. , ,
"" -17 . WriteLine()
, . , , Write()
,
.
Console::WriteLine(L"\n\a");
32
"" . , ,
, .
"" .
Console::WriteLine(L"\b"); ""
"" .
Console::WriteLine(" \r");
" " ,
"" . , " " .
bool
( ) : true ()
false (). .
{
//

bool b1, b2;
b1 = true;
b2 = Convert::ToBoolean(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = b1.ToString();
}
ToBoolean textBox1
. , textBox1 true false.
String^
System
String^ . :
{
//

String^ striqoni1 = L" ";
String^ striqoni2 = textBox1->Text;
label1->Text = striqoni1;
striqoni1 = striqoni2;
}
. (2.5
) , , ,
. :
{
int mteli1 = -4;
//
- -4
long mteli2 = 45L;
//
- 45L
33
double wiladi = 9.21;

//
- 9.21
bool logikuri = true;
//
- true
Char simbolo = L'';
//
- L''
String^ striqoni = L" ";
//
- L" "
label1->Text = mteli1.ToString() + " " + mteli2.ToString() + " " +
wiladi.ToString() + " " + logikuri.ToString() + " " + simbolo + " " + striqoni;
}
2.5.
char, signed char, unsigned char

'A', 'S', '#', '5'
Char, wchar_t
L'', L'', L'#', L'5'
int
-54, 29713, 0x8FC
unsigned int
25U, 32900U
long
-54L, 29713L
unsigned long
4UL, 987654321UL
float
8.03f
double
6.32
long double
1.73L
bool
true, false

.
typedef.
typedef
typedef #pragma once
:
#pragma once
typedef unsigned int Ricxvebi;
/
"private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {"
:
typedef long long Didi_Mteli;
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
Ricxvebi mteli1 = 9;
Didi_Mteli mteli2 = 795LL;
label1->Text = mteli1.ToString() + " " + mteli2.ToString();
}
, , unsigned int - Ricxvebi.
unsigned int .
Didi_Mteli .

.
34

(, constant) .
const . ,
: 5, -10; : 23.54, 1.09; :
'Q', ''; : "C++ " ..
.
{
//

//

const int mteli_mudmiva = 1024;
const Char simbolo_mudmiva = L'';
const float wiladi_mudmiva1 = 12.09;
const double wiladi_mudmiva2 = 456.302;
int cvladi, jami;
double shedegi;
cvladi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
jami = cvladi + mteli_mudmiva;
shedegi = wiladi_mudmiva1 + wiladi_mudmiva2;
label2->Text = simbolo_mudmiva.ToString();
label3->Text = wiladi_mudmiva1.ToString();
label4->Text = Math::Round(shedegi,2).ToString();
}

(variable) ,
. . ,
, :
_;
, , _ - .
. . ,
. , bool
true false .

. :
_ = ;
. ,
.
35
.
.
{
//

int ricxvi3, ricxvi1 = 25, ricxvi2 = 30;
Char simbolo = L'';
double wiladi1 = 150.75;
label2->Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + wiladi1.ToString() + " " + simbolo;
}

, , , ..
. ,
. :
{
//

int simagle = 5, sigane, sigrdze;
sigane = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
sigrdze = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
// moculoba
int moculoba = simagle * sigane * sigrdze;
label1->Text = moculoba.ToString();
}
,
. C++ : ,
, .

(2.6 ) ,
.
.
, , . , 20/6
3. %
. , 20%6 2. %
- . , R%2
1- , R , 0- , R
. ,
.
36
2.6.
( )
*
%
( )
++

.
{
//

//

int ricxvi1, i2, jami, sxvaoba, namravli, ganayofi, nashti;
jami
= ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
sxvaoba = ricxvi1 - ricxvi2;
namravli = ricxvi1 * ricxvi2;
ganayofi = ricxvi1 / ricxvi2;
nashti = ricxvi1 % ricxvi2;
label2->Text = sxvaoba.ToString();
label3->Text = namravli.ToString();
label4->Text = ganayofi.ToString();
label5->Text = nashti.ToString();
}
.
{
//

//

double wiladi1, wiladi2, jami, sxvaoba, namravli, ganayofi, nashti;
int ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
jami
= wiladi1 + wiladi2;
sxvaoba = wiladi1 - wiladi2;
namravli = wiladi1 * wiladi2;
ganayofi = wiladi1 / wiladi2;
nashti = ricxvi1 % ricxvi2;
37
label2->Text = sxvaoba.ToString();
label4->Text = ganayofi.ToString();
label5->Text = nashti.ToString();
}

(++) ()
. , .
(--) .
,
x = x + 1;
,
x++; ++x;
. ,
x = x - 1;
,
x--; --x;
.

(), ().
. ,
,
.
,
.

.
{
//
++
int incr, shedegi;
incr = 5;
//

shedegi = ++incr;
//
incr = 6, shedegi = 6
label1->Text = incr.ToString();
label2->Text = shedegi.ToString();
incr = 5;
//

shedegi = incr++;
//
shedegi = 5, incr = 6
label3->Text = incr.ToString();
}
, incr 5.
++, 6 , shedegi . , incr
38
5. ++ incr . ,
shedegi , 6 .

.
{
//
--
int decr, shedegi;
decr = 5;
//

shedegi = --decr;
label1->Text = decr.ToString();
decr = 5;
//

shedegi = decr--;
label3->Text = decr.ToString();
}
//
decr = 4, shedegi = 4
//
shedegi = 5, decr = 4

(2.7 ) bool
true false . (2.8 )
bool .
C++ == !=
.
,
. ,
1, 2, 3 .., . ,

. bool
.
2.9 .
& true ,
true. , false .
| true , - true.
, false . !
. ^ false
,
, true .
39
2.7.
==
!=

>
<
>=

<=

2.8.
&
AND ()
|
OR ()
^
XOR ( )
&&
Short-circuit AND ( )
||
Short-circuit OR ( )
!
NOT ()
2.9.
B1
B2
B1 & B2
B1 | B2
true
true
true
true
true
false
false
true
false
true
false
true
false
false
false
false
B1 ^ B2
false
true
true
false
!B1
false
false
true
true
.
{
//

bool b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6;
b1 = true;
b2 = false;
b3 = b1 & b2;
//
b3 = false
b4 = b1 | b2;
//
b4 = true
b5 = b1 ^ b2;
//
b5 = true
b6 = !b1;
//
b6 = false
}
.
{
//

int ricxvi1 = 5, ricxvi2 = 10;
bool shedegi;
40
shedegi = ricxvi1 > 0;

//
shedegi = true
shedegi = ( ricxvi1 < 2 ) && ( ricxvi2 > 7 );
//
shedegi = false
shedegi = ( ricxvi1 == 3 ) || ( ricxvi2 != 5 );
//
shedegi = true
}
&& || .
. && false
, false . ||
true ,
true .
, .
, .
= ;
.
. ,

.
, ,
:
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3;
ricxvi1 = ricxvi2 = ricxvi3 = 50;
50.
.

()
. :
= ;
, . , :
jami = jami + 25;
:
jami += 25;
+= , jami
jami + 25.
() :
+=
-=
*=
/=
%=
&=
|=
^=

. , , .
41
, . ,
, .

, ,
- . 2.10
. ,
, - .
.
,
, .
,
. ,
shedegi = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2 + ricxvi3;
,
, + .
ricxvi1 ricxvi2. ricxvi3.
, *, / % ,
+ - . :
y = x1 + x2 * x3 - x4 / x5 ;
. + .
. *,
, + . ,
* . -,
, * . * .
+ - +
, + .
- , .
/ , - . ,
/ , - .
:
y = ( x1 + x2 ) * x3 - ( x4 + x5 ) / x6 ;
.
, * . , .
, / , - .
, ,
, .
, . ,
. , .
- .
,
42
,
y = x + z - 5;
y = x - sin(x) + 10.97;

. ,
, :
y=x/5+z*(w-2);
y = x / 5 + z * ( w - 2 );
.
, . , ,
. ,
:
y = x * 5 + z / 7.2 - w;
y = ( x * 5) + ( z / 7.2 ) - w;
math.h (2.11
). double .
:
1. Math,
. , Math::Ceiling(x).
2. #include <cmath> Math
.
. Pow(x, y) x y .
, Pow(5, 2) 25. Exp(x) e
x . , Exp(1) 2.71 . Max(x, y)
x y , Min(x, y) - . Floor(x)
x . , Floor(5.998)
5. Ceiling(x) x . ,
Ceiling(5.123) 6. Round(x, y) x
. y
. , Round(5.1234, 2)
5.12. Sign(x) x . , Sign(-5)
-1, Sign(5) - 1.
,
, textBox1 .
{
//

double ricxvi, shedegi;
ricxvi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
shedegi = Math::Sqrt(ricxvi);
label2->Text = Math::Round(shedegi,2).ToString();
//

}
,
:
x 5 sin x
1 ex
43
2.10.
::
( ) [ ] ->
! + () -() ++ -- &() *()
( ) static_cast const_cast dynamic_cast
reinterpret_cast sizeof new delete . . . typeid
. *() ->*
*/%
+ << >>
< <= > >=
== !=
&
^
|
&&
||
?:( )
= *= /= %= += -= &= ^= |= <<= >>=
2.11.
Abs(x)

Sin(x)
Cos(x)
Tan(x)
Sqrt(x)

Exp(x)
Log(x)
Log10(x)

Max(x, y)

Min(x, y)

Pow(x, y)
Floor(x)

Ceiling(x)

Round(x, y)

E
2,71
PI
3,14
Sign(x)

44
{
//

double ricxvi, shedegi;
shedegi = Math::Sqrt(Math::Pow(ricxvi,5) + Math::Sin(ricxvi) ) / ( 1 - Math::Exp(ricxvi) );
}
1- .

.
(),

. . ,
int double , int double
. int .

.
.
,
shedegi = 8 / 2 + 9 - 3;
:
1) 8 / 2. 4;
2) , 4 + 9 . 13;
3) , 13 3 . 10.
,
. ,
,
. ,
. :
1. long double,
.
2. double,
.
3. float,
.
4. char, signed char, unsigned char, short unsigned short int
.
5. int, unsigned int, long unsigned long ,
, ,
.
6. unsigned long,
.
7. long, - unsigned int,
45
unsigned long .
8. long,
.
: ,
. ,
int - long,
long . , , .
:
{
double wiladi_d = 25.0;
int mteli = 10;
float wiladi_f = 4.0f;
char simbolo = 5;
wiladi_d = ( wiladi_d + mteli ) / ( mteli - simbolo ) * wiladi_f - simbolo * wiladi_f;
label1->Text = wiladi_d.ToString();
}
:
wiladi_d = ( wiladi_d + mteli ) / ( mteli - simbolo ) * wiladi_f - simbolo * wiladi_f;
( wiladi_d + mteli ) . +
, double int,
. mteli double
. . 35.0 .
( mteli - simbolo ) . -
int char , .
simbolo int .
. 5.
, 35.0 5-. 5 (5.0)
. 7.0. , 4.0. , , 4.0 double
. . 28.0.
, simbolo * wiladi_f .
. , simbolo float .
20.0.
. 28.0 double,
. 20.0 float double .
8.0. wiladi_d .

,
,
.
, , . :
{
//

int mteli = 0;
46
float wiladi = 3.7f;

mteli = wiladi;
//
mteli 3
label1->Text = mteli.ToString();
}
mteli wiladi .
(0.7) mteli 3.

, ,
, .
:
1. static_cast - .
.
.
2. dynamic_cast - .
.
3. const_cast - .
4. reinterpret_cast - .
,
. :
static_cast <_> ()
static_cast , .
_. :
{
//

int mteli;
mteli = static_cast <int> (wiladi1) - static_cast <int> (wiladi2);
//
mteli = 25
}
:
mteli = static_cast <int> (wiladi1) - static_cast <int> (wiladi2);
. wiladi1
45. .
wiladi2 . 20- .
20, mteli .
, , .
:
{
//

float wiladi2 = 0.7f;
long mteli1;
int mteli2;
47
mteli1 = wiladi1;
//
mteli1 = 0
mteli2 = wiladi2;
//
mteli2 = 0
label1->Text = mteli1.ToString() + " " + mteli2.ToString();
}
,
mteli1 = wiladi1;
mteli2 = wiladi2;
mteli1 mteli2 0- ,
.
double float .
, long int
.. ,
.
safe_cast
. safe_cast
CLR . :
{
//

int mteli = safe_cast<int>(wiladi1) + safe_cast<int>(wiladi2);
}

:
(_) ;
:
{
//

int mteli;
mteli = (int) wiladi1 - (int) wiladi2;
//
mteli = 25
}
,
, CLR .

()
48
. ()
, .
(storage duration).
:
- ;
- ;
- .
,
, . ,
(scope). ,
. ,
.

,
. .
. "{" "}" .
.
()
. , ,
.
( ),
- - (LIFO last-in, first-out). ,
1-, 7- 5-, , 5,
7 - 4. .

,
. , ,
,
,
. ,
.
auto .
, , .
:
{
//

int ricxvi1 = 10;
int ricxvi2 = 20;
{
//

int ricxvi1 = 30;
int ricxvi3 = 40;
ricxvi1 += 30;
//
ricxvi1 = 60
ricxvi3 += 40;
//
ricxvi3 = 80
label1->Text = L" ricxvi1 = " + ricxvi1.ToString() + L"\n ricxvi3 = " + ricxvi3.ToString();
49
//

}
ricxvi1 += 10;
//
ricxvi1 = 20
ricxvi2 += 20;
//
ricxvi2 = 40
label2->Text = L" ricxvi1 = " + ricxvi1.ToString() + L"\n ricxvi2 = " + ricxvi2.ToString();
}
, ricxvi1 .
ricxvi1 .
, ,
. ricxvi1 ricxvi1 . ,
ricxvi1 . ricxvi1
.

, ,
, .
static . :
{
//

static int ricxvi1 = 5;
{
ricxvi2++;
label2->Text = ricxvi2.ToString();
}
ricxvi1++;
}

, .
.
, 0 .

, ,
. , ,
.

. ,
.
. ,
.
,
. #pragma once
50
, , #pragma endregion . :
//

#pragma once
int ricxvi1 = 10;
namespace Prog1 {
using namespace System::ComponentModel;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Drawing;
...
#pragma endregion
int ricxvi3;
ricxvi1 = 1;
ricxvi2 = 2;
ricxvi3 = 3;
ricxvi4 = 4;
int shedegi = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2 + ricxvi3 + ricxvi4;
//
shedegi = 10
}
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 . #pragma once
. , ricxvi3 ricxvi4
. #pragma endregion .
, .
.
. ,
, .
,
,
.
:
#pragma once
int ricxvi1 = 10;
namespace bbb {
51

...
int ricxvi1 = 88;
//
ricxvi1 ricxvi1
int ricxvi2 = 77;
//
ricxvi2 ricxvi2
int ricxvi3 = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
//
165
}

C++/CLI 2.12
.
2.12.

C c

D d

E e

F f

G g

N n

X x

.
{
//
Format()
label1->Text = "";
String^ striqoni;
int mteli = 12;
Decimal valuta = 12345;
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:D5}\n", mteli);
//
label1->Text += striqoni;
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:X}\n", mteli);
//
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:P3}\n", mteli);
//
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:C3}\n", valuta);
//
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:F3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
52
00012
C
1 200,000%
12 345,670 Lari
1234,568
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:F3}\n", wiladi_f);

//
1234,568
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:P3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
123 456,789%
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:E3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1,235E+003
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:N3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1 234,568
striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:G3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1,23E+03
}
label1->Text = ""; label1
"label1" . , label1
, Text "label1" .
Properties Text
: label1->Text = "";. ,
label1
.
, C++/CLI :
- ISO/ANSI C++/CLI
.
- C++/CLI
.
- C++/ CLI save_cast ,
.
- C++/CLI ,
ISO/ANSI C++ enum
( -5 ).
53
3.
- (if switch),
(for, while, do-while for each) (break, continue, goto return).

if
if ,
. :
if ( ) { 1; }
[ else { 2; } ]
, true false .
, 1, - 2.
, else .
, if :
if ( ) { 1; }
true , 1,
- .
if ,
- .
{
//
-
int ricxvi;
label1->Text = " ";
ricxvi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
if ( ricxvi % 2 == 1 ) label1->Text = L" ";
else label1->Text = L" ";
}
if
if , if . if
,
, if .
if else if .
, :
{
//

int ricxvi1, ricxvi2;
54
if ( ricxvi1 >= 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";

else
if ( ricxvi2 >= 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
if , label1
. ,
if . label1
.
, label1
.
switch
switch
. :
switch ( )
{
case 1 :
_1;
break;
case 2 :
_2;
break;
...
[ default :
_n;
break; ]
}
- - char, byte, short int,
- String^.
(double, float). switch case
. , switch
.
switch
case . -

.
case
case .
case break
.
default ,
case .
default . switch
,
switch
.
, case
break . break switch
. , 0 - 2
55
.
{
//
0 - 2
int cifri;
cifri = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
switch (cifri )
{
case 0 : label1->Text = L" - " + cifri.ToString();
break;
break;
break;
default : label1->Text = L" 0 - 2 ";
break;
}
}
switch int cifri .
, switch Char
. case Char .

.
{
//

Char operacia = Convert::ToChar(textBox2->Text);
switch ( operacia )
{
case '+' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
break;
case '-' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 - ricxvi2;
break;
case '*' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 * ricxvi2;
break;
case '/' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 / ricxvi2;
break;
case '%' :
shedegi = ricxvi1 % ricxvi2;
break;
}
}
56
switch
. .
.
.
{
//

Char simbolo;
label1->Text = " ";
simbolo = textBox1->Text[0];
switch ( simbolo )
{
case L'' :
case L'' :
case L'' :
case L'' :
case L'' : label1->Text = L" "; break;
default : label1->Text = L" "; break;
}
}
simbolo '', '', '', '' '',
label3.Text = L" ";
,
label3.Text = L" ";
. switch :
switch ( simbolo )
{
case L'' : case L'' : case L'' : case L'' : case L'' :
label1->Text = L" "; break;
default : label1->Text = L" "; break;
}
switch
switch switch .
switch . switch case
.
. :
{
//
switch
Char simbolo1, simbolo2;
simbolo1 = textBox1->Text[0];
simbolo2 = textBox2->Text[0];
switch ( simbolo1 )
{
case L'' :
label1->Text = L" switch ";
57
switch (simbolo2 )
{
case L'' :
break;
case L'' :
break;
}
break;
case L'' :
break;
}
}

for
. :
for ( [ ]; [ ]; [ ] ) [ ];
, .
.
, true false .
. for , true .
false , for
. ,
() .
. ( ) .
for .
. . , .
. ..
, 1- 10- .
.
{
//
1- 10-
double ricxvi, kvadrati;
label1->Text = "";
for ( ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 10; ricxvi++ )
{
kvadrati = Math::Pow(ricxvi, 2);
label1->Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " - " + kvadrati.ToString() + "\n";
58
}
}
:
{
//
1- 10-
label1->Text = "";
for ( ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 10; ricxvi++ )
{
kvadrati = pow(ricxvi, 2);
}
}
#include <cmath> .

. 10 .
{
//

label1->Text = " ";
for ( ricxvi = 100; ricxvi >= 1; ricxvi -= 10 )
{
kvadrati = Math::Pow(ricxvi, 2);
}
, for . ,
false ,
, ,
for ( ricxvi1 = 5; ricxvi1 < 3; ricxvi1++ )
ricxvi2 = ricxvi1 * ricxvi1;
,
false .
for ,
,
{
label1->Text = "";
for ( ricxvi1 = 0, ricxvi2 = 10; ricxvi1 < ricxvi2; ricxvi1++, ricxvi2-- )
label1->Text += ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + "\n";
}
. ,
.
. ricxvi1
, ricxvi2 - . for
59

.
, , .
for ,
. :
{
//
for
int ricxvi1;
label1->Text = "";
//

for ( ricxvi1 = 0; ricxvi1 < 10; )
{
label1->Text += ricxvi1.ToString() + "\n";
ricxvi1++;
}
}
, ,
.
for ,
.
{
//
for
//

int ricxvi1 = 0;
label1->Text = "";
//

for ( ; ricxvi1 < 10; )
{
label1->Text += ricxvi1.ToString() + "\n";
ricxvi1++;
}
}
ricxvi1 . ,

.
for ,
:
for ( ; ; )
{
//
}
break .
for , , .
, .
, 1- 5- .
60
{
//
for
int ricxvi, jami = 0;
label1->Text = "";
for ( ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 5; jami += ricxvi++ );
//

}
, for . ,
. jami += ricxvi++;
. jami ricxvi
. , ricxvi .
:
jami = jami + ricxvi;
ricxvi++;
for .
, .
, .
{
//
for ,
//

int jami = 0;
label1->Text = "";
for ( int ricxvi = 1; ricxvi <= 5; ricxvi++ )
jami += ricxvi;
}
ricxvi for ,
. .
,
for .
while
. :
while ( )
{

}
, true false .
false ,
. true , .
.
{
//
label
61
Char simbolo = L'';

label1->Text = "";
while ( simbolo <= L'' )
{
label1->Text += simbolo.ToString() + "\n";
simbolo++;
}
}
do-while
. for while ,
, do-while ,
. :
do
{

}
while ( )
,
, do-while
, while .
, label
''- ''-.
{
//
label
Char simbolo = L'';
label1->Text = "";
do
{
label1->Text += simbolo.ToString() + "\n";
simbolo++;
}
while ( simbolo != L'' );
}

break

. , .
.
62
, 30- .
{
//
, 30-
int indexi, namravli = 1;
label1->Text = "";
for ( indexi = 1; indexi < 50; indexi++ )
{
namravli *= indexi;
if ( namravli > 30 ) break;
label1->Text += "\n" + namravli.ToString();
}
indexi--;
label1->Text =L " " + indexi.ToString() + L"-";
}
50-, break
. .
break . break
, .
:
{
//

int gare = 0, shida = 1;
label2->Text = "";
for ( int i1 = 0; i1 < 5; i1++ )
//

{
gare++;
label1->Text += L" = " + gare.ToString();
while ( shida < 30 )
//

{
//
break
//
shida 5
if ( shida == 5 ) break;
label2->Text += shida.ToString() + " ";
shida++;
}
label1->Text += "\n";
}
}
continue
. continue
. ,
label 1- 21-.
63
{
//
label1 1- 21-
int indexi;
label1->Text = "";
for ( indexi = 1; indexi <= 21; indexi++ )
{
if ( ( indexi % 2 ) == 0 ) continue;
//

label1->Text += indexi.ToString() + "\n";
}
}
while do-while continue
, .
goto
goto . :
goto ;
, , (:) .
, .
goto ,
.
. .
goto :
{
//
goto
int ricxvi = 1;
cikli_1:
ricxvi++;
if ( ricxvi < 8 ) goto cikli_1;
label1->Text = ricxvi.ToString();
}

? , . :
1 ? 2 : 3;
1 , 2 3
, .
1. true, 2- ,
- 3- . ,
max = ricxvi1 > ricxvi2 ? ricxvi1 : ricxvi2;
min = ricxvi1 < ricxvi2 ? ricxvi1 : ricxvi2;
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 ,
- .
64
,
.
{
//
50 -3- 5- , 0-
//

int shedegi;
label1->Text = "";
for ( int indexi = -3; indexi < 5; indexi++ )
{
shedegi = indexi != 0 ? 50 / indexi : 0;
if ( indexi != 0 ) label1->Text += indexi.ToString() + " " + shedegi.ToString() + "\n";
}
}
, .
{
//

int index, min, max, jami = 0;
min = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//
max = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
//
for ( index = min; index <= max; index++ )
jami += index;
}
.
{
//

int index, ricxvi, shedegi = 1;
for ( index = 1; index <= ricxvi; index++ )
shedegi *= index;
}
,
x3 x5 x7 x9
y x
3
5
7
9 .
{
//

double shedegi = 0, x;
int minusi = -1;
65
x = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= 9; indexi += 2 )
{
minusi *= -1;
shedegi += minusi * Math::Pow(x, indexi) / indexi;
}
label1->Text = Math::Round(shedegi, 2).ToString();
}
66
4.
ISO/ANSI
().
.
.
, .
,
. ,
, ..
. ,
. .

. :
_ [ ];
.
. .
int , 10
masivi :
int masivi[10];
masivi ( ),
. 10 int
. int 4 (32 ) ,
masivi 4x10=40 .
.
.
. masivi 10 ,
09 . , masivi
- masivi[0], - masivi[9].
masivi 0- 9 label .
{
//
label
int masivi[10];
//
masivi
int indexi;
label1->Text = "";
//
masivi 0- 9-
masivi[indexi] = indexi;
//
masivi label1
label1->Text += masivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
67
}

.
:
_ [ ] { 1, 2, ..., N };
: 1, ... N .
, ,
. ,
. masivi
.
{
//

//
masivi
int masivi[] = { 2, -5, 50, 15, -20, 25, 12, -1, 120, 10 };
int indexi, max, min;
max = min = masivi[0];
{
if ( masivi[indexi] > max ) max = masivi[indexi];
if ( masivi[indexi] < min ) min = masivi[indexi];
}
label1->Text = L" = " + max.ToString() +
L"\n = " + min.ToString();
}

, , .
. ,
, .. :
double wiladi_masivi[] = { 1.2, 3.9, 4.7, 6.0, 8.6 };
bool logikuri_masivi[] { true, false, true };

. ,
- . , cxrili
5x4 :
int cxrili[5][4];
5 , 4 -
. 5x4=20 . 4
, cxrili 4x5x4=80 .

:
cxrili[3][2] = 15;
3 , 2 - .
68
,
, label :
{
//

//
label
int cxrili[5][4];
int striqoni, sveti;
label1->Text = "";
for ( striqoni = 0; striqoni < 5; striqoni++ )
for ( sveti = 0; sveti < 4; sveti++ )
cxrili[striqoni][sveti] = ( striqoni * 4 ) + ( sveti + 1 );
{
label1->Text += cxrili[striqoni][sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}

, , ,
. ,
int cxrili[5][2] = {
{1,1},
{2,4},
{3,9},
{4,16},
{5,25}
};
.

, - ..
.
.
{
//

int striqoni, sveti, jami = 0;
label1->Text = "";
// masivi
int masivi[5][2] = {
{1,1},
{2,4},
{3,9},
{4,16},
69
{5,25}
};
//
{
{
jami += masivi[striqoni][sveti];
label1->Text += masivi[striqoni][sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
}
(-) ,
. .
. , double
double .
.

(
) .
, ,
.
*
:
double* pricxvi1;
double *pricxvi2;
, pricxvi1 double pricxvi1
double .
C++ , p
. , .
,
, . * (
, ) . :
{
//
*
int ricxvi1 = 25, ricxvi2;
int* pricxvi1 = &ricxvi1;
*pricxvi1 *= 2;
//
ricxvi1 = 50
(*pricxvi1)++;
//
ricxvi1 = 51
label1->Text = (*pricxvi1).ToString();
70
ricxvi2 = --*pricxvi1;
//
ricxvi2 = 50
}
pricxvi1
ricxvi1 . & ,
- ricxvi1 .
*pricxvi1 *= 2; . pricxvi1
2- .
, * ,
, , ,
.
(*pricxvi1)++; . pricxvi1
. , label1 .
ricxvi2 = --*pricxvi1; pricxvi1
ricxvi2- .
.
, .
,
.
.
:
int* pricvxi1 = 0;
int* pricxvi2;
pricvxi1 , 0
. pricxvi2 .
, ,
:
if ( pricxvi1 == 0 ) label1->Text = L"pricxvi ";
:
if ( !pricxvi2 ) label1->Text = L"pricxvi ";
:
{
int ricxvi = 25;
int* pricxvi;
pricxvi = &ricxvi;
label1->Text = ((int)pricxvi).ToString();
//
2812604
label2->Text = pricxvi->ToString();
//
25
}
pricxvi
ricxvi .
&
& (
71
). :
{
int ricxvi = 25;
int* pricxvi;
pricxvi = &ricxvi;
//
pricxvi ricxvi
//
2812604 - ricxvi
//
25
label3->Text = (&ricxvi)->ToString();
//
25
label4->Text = (*pricxvi).ToString();
//
25
}
label1 pricxvi .
- 2812604. label2, label3 label4
pricxvi .

.
.
:
{
double ricxvi = 25.75;
double* pricxvi;
pricxvi = &ricxvi;
//
pricxvi
//
1501824 - ricxvi
//
25.75
label3->Text = (&ricxvi)->ToString();
//
25.75
//
25.75
}
:
{
Char simbolo = L'';
Char* pchar = &simbolo;
//
pchar
label1->Text = ((int)pchar).ToString();
//
3112604 simbolo
label2->Text = pchar->ToString();
//
label3->Text = (&simbolo)->ToString();
//
label4->Text = (*pchar).ToString();
//
}
:
{
String^* pstriqoni;
//
pstriqoni
pstriqoni = &striqoni;
label1->Text = ((int)pstriqoni).ToString();
label2->Text = (*pstriqoni)->ToString();
}
//
//
72
1240742 - striqoni

. ,
,
. , sizeof
.
:
int* pmasivi;
int masivi[10];
:
pmasivi = masivi;
masivi pmasivi
.
. ,
, .
, ,
:
pmasivi = &masivi[2];
pmasivi masivi
( 2). .
{
//

int* pmasivi;
int masivi[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
pmasivi = masivi;
label1->Text = pmasivi->ToString();
//
1
label2->Text = pmasivi->ToString();
//
3
}
, label1
( 0). , label2 ,
2.

,
. ,
,
. , :
, pmasivi+1 masivi[4] . , (pmasivi + 1)-
pmasivi++;
pmasivi
, masivi . ,
pmasivi + n , n , n*sizeof(int)
pmasivi . ,
. :
{
73
int* pmasivi;
int masivi[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1 };
pmasivi = masivi;
*pmasivi++;
// , - 4
label1->Text = (*pmasivi).ToString();
}
pmasivi = &masivi[0]; , *pmasivi masivi[0]; (*pmasivi+1)
masivi[1]; (*pmasivi+2) masivi[2] .. .
double, Char .. . double
n*sizeof(double) 8
. Char n*sizeof(Char)
2 .
.
{
int ricxvi = 25;
int* pricxvi;
pricxvi = &ricxvi;
//
1240742
//
25
pricxvi++;
//
1240746
pricxvi += 2;
//
1240754
}
label1 ricxvi , pricxvi
. label2 pricxvi
. , pricxvi
. , 4 , int 4
. label3 . ,
2, 2 x 4 = 8 .
.
{
double* pwiladi = &wiladi;
label1->Text = ((int)pwiladi).ToString();
//
1240740
label2->Text = (*pwiladi).ToString();
//
125.75
pwiladi++;
//
1240748
pwiladi += 2;
//
1240764
}
label1 wiladi , pwiladi
. label2 pwiladi
. , pwiladi
. , 8 , double 8
74
. label3 . ,
2, 2 x 8 = 16 .
.
{
Char simbolo = L'';
Char* pchar = &simbolo;
//
1240740
label2->Text = (*pchar).ToString();
//
125.75
pchar++;
//
1240742
pchar += 2;
//
1240746
}
label1 simbolo , pchar
. label2 pchar
. , pchar
. , 2 , Char 2
. label3 . ,
2, 2 x 2 = 4 .

masivi pmasivi .
:
int masivi[5][3];
int* pmasivi;
pmasivi = &masivi[0][0];
, . ,
masivi :
pmasivi = masivi[0];
, int*, - int[5][3],
:
pmasivi = masivi;
//
!
, ,
int*[3]:
int masivi[5][3];
int (*pmasivi)[3];
, pmasivi = masivi; :
int masivi[5][3];
int (*pmasivi)[3];
pmasivi = masivi;
masivi :
1. - masivi[striqoni][sveti];
2. - *(*(masivi + striqoni)+sveti).
. , , *(masivi + striqoni)
striqoni , *(masivi + striqoni)+sveti - striqoni
, sveti. , *(*(masivi + striqoni)+sveti)
masivi .
75

(reference, ) . ,
.
, .
, . &
. :
{
//

int ricxvi = 5;
int& mimartva_ricxvi = ricxvi;
//

label1->Text = mimartva_ricxvi.ToString();
//
5
//
5
mimartva_ricxvi *= 2;
//
10
//
10
}
mimartva_ricxvi , ricxvi
.
.
.
{
double ricxvi = 5.5;
double& mimartva_ricxvi = ricxvi;
//

//
5.5
//
5.5
mimartva_ricxvi *= 3;
//
16.5
//
16.5
}
.
{
Char simbolo = L'';
Char& mimartva_simbolo = simbolo;
//

label1->Text = mimartva_simbolo.ToString();
//
label2->Text = simbolo.ToString();
//
mimartva_simbolo = L'';
label3->Text = mimartva_simbolo.ToString();
//
label4->Text = simbolo.ToString();
//
}
.
{
String^ striqoni = L"";
String^& mimartva_striqoni = striqoni;
//

label1->Text = mimartva_striqoni->ToString();
//
76
label2->Text = striqoni->ToString();
//
mimartva_striqoni = L"";
label3->Text = mimartva_striqoni->ToString();
//
label4->Text = striqoni->ToString();
//
}
.
sizeof
sizeof size_t .
, . size_t
unsigned int .
ricxvi :
int ricxvi;
label1->Text = (sizeof ricxvi).ToString();
4, ricxvi int .
sizeof
. , ,
. ,
. :
{
//
sizeof
double masivi [ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
label1->Text = L" = " + (sizeof masivi).ToString();
//
40
label2->Text = L" = " + (sizeof masivi[2]).ToString();
//
8
label3->Text = L" = "
+ ( (sizeof masivi) / (sizeof masivi[0]) ).ToString();
//
5
}
sizeof :
size_t zoma = sizeof(double);
label1->Text = zoma.ToString();
//
zoma = 8

. ,
,
.
, .

, ,
. C++
. .
77
new . , , .
new delete .
. ,
,
. , ,
.
,
.
, ,
. ,
new .

. ,
, , .

.
new delete
, int .
int
. new :
int* pcvladi = NULL;
//
NULL
pcvladi = new int;
//
int
*pcvladi = 55;
new , pcvladi
.
:
pcvladi = new int(77);
,
:
delete pcvladi;

. delete pcvladi
,
, .
(memory leak) .

char :
char* pstriqoni;
pstriqoni = new char[100];
100- . pstriqoni
.
delete :
78
delete [ ] pstriqoni;
, . delete
pstriqoni
, . ,
:
pstriqoni = 0;
, :
int masivi[5][3];
int (*pmasivi)[3];
:
pmasivi = new int[5][3];
:
int masivi[5][3][4];
int (*pmasivi)[3][4];
pmasivi = new int[5][3][4];
delete .
CLR
C++ CLR
. CLR C++ . CLR
, C++
. CLR () CLR
, . , CLR delete
. ,
CLR
.
, CLR ,
(garbage collection) .
. (), CLR ,
(garbage-collected heap) . , .
C++/CLI ()
gcnew C++ new . gc
, .
CLR
, , . CLR
, .
, ,
, .
,

, . ,
C++
, ,
. ,
. :
79
(tracking handle, )
, C++ CLR
.
, C++
CLR .

( ) ,
.
C++ ,
. ,

.
, C++
.
CLR .
. , ,
,
. , String . ,
, String , .
(default) ,
, gcnew . ,
CLR , CLR ,
.
^
(^ ):
String^ striqoni;
striqoni String^
. String .
, null. ,
. , null, nullptr
:
striqoni = nullptr;
0- null , C++
. 0-, 0
,
.
, :
String^ striqoni = L"C++ ";
String CLR , .
striqoni . ,
const wchar_t* String. L ,
Unicode .
:
int^ cvladi = 50;
cvladi , int ,
80
, 50. , cvladi
, * :
{
int^ cvladi = 50;
int shedegi = 5 * ( *cvladi ) - 10;
//
shedegi = 240
}
*cvladi ,
. - 240.
:
{
int^ cvladi = 50;
int^ shedegi = 0;
shedegi = 5 * ( *cvladi ) - 10;
label1->Text = shedegi->ToString();
}
{
int^ cvladi = 50;
int^ shedegi = 0;
*shedegi = 5 * ( *cvladi ) - 10;
label1->Text = shedegi->ToString();
}
shedegi
, .

CLR C++- . CLR
(garbage-collected heap). array
. array
. , :
array<_>^ _;
, CLR ,
. :
array<int>^ masivi;
masivi int
. :
array<double>^ masivi = { 1.2, 2.3, 3.4, 4.5, 5.6 };
5-
.
:
array<String^>^ striqoni = { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
:
array<String^>^ striqoni;
striqoni = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
CLR , gcnew :
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int>(10);
81
10 .
C++ CLR
. :
{
//
CLR
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < 10; indexi++ )
{
masivi[indexi] = 2 * ( indexi + 1 );
}
}
masivi Int32 . for
- 10.
Length ,
. :
{
//
Length
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi->Length; indexi++ )
{
masivi[indexi] = 2 * ( indexi + 1 );
}
}
, Length -> ,
masivi
. Length ( ),
32- . , 64-
, LongLength .
CLR , , gcnew :
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> (5) { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
}
CLR , ,
,
. :
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int>(10) { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
for each ( int cvladi in masivi )
label1->Text += cvladi.ToString() + " ";
}
, masivi 10
. ,
, .
82
:
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
}
, masivi ,
, , 5 * 4 = 20 .

. :
array<int>^ masivi;
masivi = gcnew array<int>(10);
int 10 ,
masivi .
Object
. Object .
//
Object
label1->Text = "";
array<Object^>^ masivi = gcnew array<Object^> {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Int32 indexi, jami = 0;
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < masivi->Length; indexi++ )
{
masivi[indexi] = indexi + 50;
label1->Text += masivi[indexi]->ToString() + " ";
}
jami += Convert::ToInt32(masivi[indexi]);
}
, CLR .

CLR .
32. () 1.
,
array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2>(3,4);
, 3 4
. 3 x 4 = 12 .
, .
{
//

label1->Text = "";
int striqonebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int svetebis_raodeboba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
83
array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2>(striqonebis_raodenoba, svetebis_raodeboba);

//
masivi
for ( int striqoni = 0; striqoni < striqonebis_raodenoba; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < svetebis_raodeboba; sveti++ )
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = striqoni + sveti;
//
masivi
{
label1->Text += masivi[striqoni, sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
CLR
.
//

array<int,3>^ masivi = gcnew array<int,3>(3,2,3);
int ind1, ind2, ind3, jami = 0;
//

for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < 3; ind1++ )
for ( ind2 = 0; ind2 < 2; ind2++ )
for ( ind3 = 0; ind3 < 3; ind3++ )
masivi[ind1, ind2, ind3] = ind1 + ind2 + ind3;
//

for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < 3; ind1++ )
for ( ind2 = 0; ind2 < 2; ind2++ )
for ( ind3 = 0; ind3 < 3; ind3++ )
jami += masivi[ind1, ind2, ind3];
}
String^ - CLR
.
//
String^ -
label1->Text = ""; label2->Text = "";
array<String^>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<String^>(5);
array<String^,2>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<String^,2>(2,2);
//

for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi1->Length; indexi++ )
masivi1[indexi] = L" - " + indexi.ToString();
//

label1->Text += masivi1[indexi] + "\n";
//

for ( int striqoni = 0; striqoni < 2; striqoni++ )
84
for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < 2; sveti++ )

masivi2[striqoni, sveti] = striqoni.ToString() + "," + sveti.ToString();
//

{
label2->Text += striqoni.ToString() + L" - " ;
label2->Text += masivi2[striqoni, sveti] + " ";
}
Char CLR
.
//
Char
array<Char>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Char> { L'', L'', L'', L'' };
array<Char>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<Char>(6);
//
masivi2 textBox1
{
masivi2[indexi] = textBox1->Text[indexi];
// textBox1 6
label1->Text += masivi2[indexi].ToString();
}
for each ( Char simbolo in masivi1 )
label2->Text += simbolo.ToString();
}
:
{
//

array<Int32>^ masivi11 = gcnew array<Int32>(4);
array<Double>^ masivi21 = gcnew array<Double>(7);
array<Boolean>^ masivi31 = gcnew array<Boolean>(5);
array<Char>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Char>(5);
//

array<String^,2>^ masivi8 = gcnew array<String^,2>(2,3);
array<Int32,3>^ masivi51 = gcnew array<Int32,3>(3,2,3);
array<Double,2>^ masivi61 = gcnew array<Double,2>(3,4);
array<Boolean,4>^ masivi71 = gcnew array<Boolean,4>(2,4,3,2);
array<Char,2>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<Char,2>(2,2);
//

array<Object^>^ masivi9 = gcnew array<Object^>(5){1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
array<int>^ masivi10 = gcnew array<int> {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};
array<Int32>^ masivi20 = gcnew array<Int32> {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60};
array<Double,2>^ masivi121 = gcnew array<Double,2>(3,4){ { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4 }, { 3.3, 4.4, 5.5, 6.6 },
{ 6.6, 7.7, 8.8, 9.9 } };
}
85

. ,
, ,
. .. (jagged arrays),
,
. , , .
. :
array<array<String^>^>^ masivi = gcnew array<array<String^>^>(4);
masivi array<String^>^ .
, . ,
- (array<type>^). ,
, array<array<type>^>^.
String .
,
String^
.
,
array<array<String^>^>^ .
:
masivi[0] = gcnew array<String^>
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
masivi[1] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"" };
masivi[2] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
masivi[3] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"" };
:
//

{
array<array<String^>^>^ masivi = gcnew array<array<String^>^>
{
masivi[0] = gcnew array<String^>
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" },
masivi[1] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"" },
masivi[2] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"" },
masivi[3] = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"" }
};
for ( int striqoni = 0; striqoni < masivi->Length; striqoni++ )
{
for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < masivi[striqoni]->Length; sveti++ )
label1->Text += masivi[striqoni][sveti] + " ";
}
}

C++
. CLR .

.
,
86
.
% :
{
int cvladi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int% metvalkure_mimarTva = cvladi;
metvalkure_mimarTva += 100;
label1->Text = cvladi.ToString();
}

. , C++/CLI
, .
(interior pointer) interior_ptr
.
CLR , .
. :
{
//

array<double>^ masivi = gcnew array<double> { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5 };
interior_ptr <double> shida_mimtitebeli = &masivi[0];
label1->Text = shida_mimtitebeli[2].ToString();
}
,
. .
,
nullptr-. CLR . ,
,
.
.

CLR . CLR .
,
.

, ,
CLR . ,
System::String ,
String . .
interior_ptr <String^> striqoni1;
interior_ptr <String> striqoni2;
//
,
C++ :
{
87
//

interior_ptr<int> sawyisi_misamarti = &masivi[0];
interior_ptr<int> bolo_misamarti = &masivi[masivi->Length - 1];
int jami = 0;
//

for ( ; sawyisi_misamarti <= bolo_misamarti; )
jami += *sawyisi_misamarti++;
array<String^>^ striqonebi = gcnew array<String^> {L"", L"", L""};
for ( interior_ptr<String^> striqonis_misamarti = &striqonebi[0]; striqonis_misamarti-&striqonebi[0] <
striqonebi->Length; ++striqonis_misamarti )
label2->Text += *striqonis_misamarti + " ";
}
for each
for each .
. C++ , -
. for each :
for each ( _ in )
{

}
.
_ . -
. ,
.. , ,

.
for each .
. label
.
{
//
for each
label1->Text =""; label2->Text ="";
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int jami = 0;
jami += cvladi;
}
88
,
, .
for each
.
for each .
{
//

int max, min;
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int>(10) {9, -1, 101, 8, -9, 56, 3, -2, 87, 81};
label1->Text = "";
max = min = masivi[0];
//

for each ( int ricxvi in masivi )
label1->Text += ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
//

{
if ( ricxvi > max ) max = ricxvi;
if ( ricxvi < min ) min = ricxvi;
}
label2->Text = max.ToString();
label3->Text = min.ToString();
}
for each
.
{
//

int max, min;
array<int,2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int,2>(3,3) {
{ 1, 2, -3 },
{ -4, 5, 6 },
{ 7, -8, 9 },
};
label1->Text = "";
int jami = 0;
{
jami += ricxvi;
}
}
for each
.
{
89
//

int xmovnebis_raodenoba = 0;
int tanxmovnebis_raodenoba = 0;
for each ( Char simbolo in striqoni )
switch ( simbolo )
{
case L'' : case L'' : case L'' : case L'' : case L'' : xmovnebis_raodenoba++; break;
default : tanxmovnebis_raodenoba++; break;
}
label1->Text = tanxmovnebis_raodenoba.ToString();
label2->Text = xmovnebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}

()
, , bool . ,
float double , , .
,
, (1 ) .
, ,
..
4.1 .
4.1.
&
AND
|
OR
^
XOR
>>

<<

~
NOT
&, |, ^ ~
&, |, ^ ~ ,
. ,
. 4.2
.
90
4.2.
b1
b2
b1&b2
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
b1 | b2
0
1
1
1
b1 ^ b2
0
1
1
0
~b1
1
0
1
0
&
() . , -
0, 0. ,
11010011
&
10101010
10000010
& .

. Unicode/ASCII

32 (3210=001000002). ,
. :
{
//

Char simbolo;
label1->Text = "";
{
simbolo = (char) ( 'a' + indexi );
label1->Text += simbolo + " - ";
simbolo = (char) ( simbolo & 65503 );
label1->Text += simbolo + "\n";
}
}
65503 1111 1111 1101 1111.
& simbolo ,
. & ,
(1) (0). , if
status :
if ( status & 8 == true ) label2->Text = L" ";
8 ,
(0000 1000). , if true ,
status .
Byte
.
{
//

91
int indeqsi;
Byte ricxvi = Convert::ToByte(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = " ";
for ( indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
{
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label1->Text += "1";
else label1->Text += "0";
}
}
for & ricxvi .
, label2 1, - 0.
& |
. - ,
. ,
11010011
|
10101010
11111011

| , :
{
//

Char simbolo;
for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < 10; indeqsi++ )
{
simbolo = (Char) ( 'A' + indeqsi );
label1->Text += simbolo + " - ";
//

//
simbolo
simbolo = (Char) ( simbolo | 32 );
label1->Text += simbolo + "\n";
}
}
| 32
, 0000 0000 0010 0000.
. |
32, - , ,
. .
^ ,
. ,
11010011
^
10101010
11111011
92
^ ,
.
x y y
, x , ..
R1 = x ^ y;
R2 = R1 ^ y;
R2 x .

. ^ , . , .
.
.
{
//

String^ teqsti = L" ";
String^ dashifruli_teqsti = "";
String^ gashifruli_teqsti = "";
int key = 55;
label1->Text = L" : " + teqsti;
//

for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < teqsti->Length; indeqsi++ )
dashifruli_teqsti += (Char) ( teqsti[indeqsi] ^ key );
label2->Text = L" : " + dashifruli_teqsti;
//

for ( int indeqsi = 0; indeqsi < teqsti->Length; indeqsi++ )
gashifruli_teqsti += (Char) ( dashifruli_teqsti[indeqsi] ^ key );
label3->Text = L" : " + gashifruli_teqsti;
}
~

. , A = 1001 0011, ~A 0110

1100.
~ .
35- (0010 0011) ,
~ (1101 1100).
{
//
~
Byte ricxvi = 35;
//
ricxvi label
for ( int indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label1->Text += " 1";
else label1->Text += " 0";
//
ricxvi label
ricxvi = (Byte) ~ricxvi;
for ( int indeqsi = 128; indeqsi > 0; indeqsi /= 2 )
93
if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label2->Text += " 1";

else label2->Text += " 0";
}

. ,
x ^= 127;
y &= 63;
z |= 31;

. :
_ << _
_ >> _
(<<) ,
, , ,
. (>>)
, , ,

. .
0, - 1.
.
{
//

int ricxvi = 1;
//
ricxvi label
for ( int i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
{
for ( int j = 128; j > 0; j /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & j ) != 0 ) label1->Text += "1";
ricxvi = ricxvi << 1;
//

}
ricxvi = 128;
//
ricxvi label
for ( int i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
{
for ( int j = 128; j > 0; j /= 2 )
if ( ( ricxvi & j ) != 0 ) label2->Text += "1";
ricxvi = ricxvi >> 1;
//

}
}
94
5.
, .
.
.
. Main() ,
.
.
().
, .
:
_ _(_)
{

}
, _ .
, void . _
. _ ,
.
. ,
, .
.
.
,
.


#pragma endregion
.
, :
void Function1(){
MessageBox::Show(L"C++ ");
}
Function1();
}
, Function1() ,
void . .
.
95
.
, , .
,
.
. ,
.
, .
, label1 :
#pragma endregion
void Function1(Label^ lab1){
label1->Text = L"C++ ";
}
Function1(label1);
}
Function1() ,
, Label .
lab1 label1 ,
.

, . ,
,
return . return .
, void , , , .
, ,
return :
[return;]
return .
return
, ,
.
-
().
return :
return ;
,
.
int Perimetri(int gv1, int gv2, int gv3){
return gv1 + gv2 + gv3;
}
//

96
//
int gverdi11, gverdi12, gverdi13, perimetri1;

int gverdi21, gverdi22, gverdi23, perimetri2;
//
gverdi11 = int::Parse(textBox1->Text);
//
//
//

perimetri1 = Perimetri(gverdi11, gverdi12, gverdi13);

//
label1->Text = perimetri1.ToString();
label2->Text = perimetri2.ToString();
}
Perimetri() , ()
.
. ,
gverdi11, gverdi12 gverdi13 . , gv1 gverdi11
, gv2 - gverdi12 , gv3 - gverdi13 .
,
perimetri1 . ,
gverdi21, gverdi22 gverdi23 . , gv1 gverdi21
, gv2 - gverdi22 , gv3 - gverdi23 .
,
perimetri2 .
,
. ArisLuwi luwi_kenti(int par1)
bool . ,
true , - false .
//
,
bool Luwi_kenti( int par1) {
if ( (par1 % 2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
//
int ricxvi;
if ( Luwi_kenti(ricxvi) ) label1->Text = L" " + ricxvi.ToString() + L" ";
else label1->Text = L" " + ricxvi.ToString() + L" ";
97
}
Luwi_kenti() ricxvi par1
.
arisJeradi() ,
.
//

bool arisJeradi(int par1, int par2) {
if ( ( par1 % par2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
//
//

if ( arisJeradi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2) )
label2->Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + L" " + ricxvi2.ToString() + L"- ";
else
}
arisJeradi() ricxvi1 par1
, ricxvi2 - par2 .
CLR
, CLR .
, ,
.
Minimumi()
.
.
//

int Minimumi(int mas[]) {
int min_ricxvi = mas[0];
for ( int indexi =1; indexi < 5; indexi++ )
if (min_ricxvi > mas[indexi] ) min_ricxvi = mas[indexi];
return min_ricxvi;
}
//
label2->Text = "";
int masivi[5] = { 5, -1, 8, -4, 2 };
int shedegi = Minimumi(masivi);
//
Minimumi masivi
98

}
, int shedegi = Minimumi(masivi); Minimumi()
. masivi ( ),
mas . , masivi mas
. , , masivi
.
Minimumi()
.
. , .
//

int Minimumi(int mas[][3]) {
int min_ricxvi = mas[0][0];
for ( int striqoni =0; striqoni < 3; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti =0; sveti < 3; sveti++ )
if (min_ricxvi > mas[striqoni][sveti] ) min_ricxvi = mas[striqoni][sveti];
return min_ricxvi;
}
//
label2->Text = "";
int masivi[3][3] = { { 5, -1, 8}, {-4, 2, 3}, { 2, 7, -3} };
//
Minimumi masivi
for ( int striqoni =0; striqoni < 3; striqoni++ )
{
for ( int sveti =0; sveti < 3; sveti++ )
label2->Text += masivi[striqoni][sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
}
, :
int Minimumi(int mas[][3]),
:
int Minimumi(int mas[3][3]).
Minimumi()
CLR . .
//
CLR
int Minimumi(array<System::Int32>^ mas) {
for ( int indexi =1; indexi < mas->Length; indexi++ )
return min_ricxvi;
}
//
99
label2->Text = "";
array<Int32>^ masivi = gcnew array<Int32>(5) { 5, -1, 8, -4, 2 };
//
Minimumi masivi
}
, int shedegi = Minimumi(masivi); Minimumi()
. masivi ( ),
mas . , masivi mas
. , , masivi
.
Jami() CLR
. . ,
.
//
CLR
int Jami( int str_raod, int sv_raod, array<int, 2>^ mas) {
int jami = 0;
for ( int striqoni = 0; striqoni < str_raod; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < sv_raod; sveti++ )
jami += mas[striqoni, sveti];
return jami;
}
//
label1->Text = "";
int striqonebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int svetebis_raodeboba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2>(striqonebis_raodenoba, svetebis_raodeboba);
//
masivi
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = striqoni + sveti;
int jami = Jami(striqonebis_raodenoba, svetebis_raodeboba, masivi);
//
masivi
{
}
}
100

. , .
.
.
void Gacvla(int* par1, int* par2) {
int temp;
temp = *par1;
*par1 = *par2;
*par2 = temp;
}
//
label1->Text = L" = " + ricxvi1.ToString() + L" = " +
ricxvi2.ToString();
Gacvla(&ricxvi1, &ricxvi2);
ricxvi2.ToString();
}
Gacvla . ,
par1 par2 ,
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 . ,
ricxvi1 ricxvi2 .
, , ricxvi1
ricxvi2 .
, return
. ,
. return
, - .
int FartPerim(int gv1, int gv2, int* pfartobi) {
*pfartobi = gv1 * gv2;
return 2 * (gv1 + gv2);
}
//
int gverdi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int fartobi, perimetri;
//

perimetri = FartPerim(gverdi1, gverdi2, &fartobi);
label1->Text = L" = " + fartobi.ToString() + L" = " + perimetri.ToString();
}
, pfartobi fartobi . ,
pfartobi fartobi .
101
, , return
, - .
int FartPerim1(int gv1, int gv2, int& fart) {
fart = gv1 * gv2;
return 2 * (gv1 + gv2);
}
//
int fartobi, perimetri;
//

perimetri = FartPerim1(gverdi1, gverdi2, fartobi);
label1->Text = L" = " + fartobi.ToString() + L" = " + perimetri.ToString();
}
. fartobi ,
fart . .., , fartobi
, - fart. , fart
fartobi , .
. ,
.
void Gacvla1(int& par1, int& par2) {
int temp;
temp = par1;
par1 = par2;
par2 = temp;
}
ricxvi2.ToString();
//

Gacvla1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
ricxvi2.ToString();
}
, ricxvi1 par1, ricxvi2
- par2. ricxvi1
ricxvi2 .
102
6. , ,
.
.
. - ,
, , , , , ,
.. . ,
, -
.
, , ,
. , , ,
. .
:
_ class _
{
//

public :
//

} [_];
_ .

. , , ,
, , .
,
. , ,
, .
,
,
- .
(members)
. (),
(, private),
private . (public)
public .

.
.
.

- .
.
,
.
Samkutxedi -
103
- :
class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
//

double fartobi;
public :
int gverdi1;
//

int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
};
,
, . perimetri fartobi ,
.
perimetri- , . ,
1, 5 8, perimetri
14. perimetri ,
, , 20. .
, perimetri fartobi ,
. ,
, ,
.
.
class ,
Samkutxedi. Samkutxedi . ,
class ,
. Samkutxedi :
Samkutxedi Sam1;
Samkutxedi (instance) - Sam1
. Sam1 Samkutxedi .
, .
(.) . :
_._
, Sam1 gverdi2 20,
:
Sam1.gverdi2 = 20;
,
. , . ,
Project Add New Item . Templates:
Header File (.h) , Name: , ,
Klasebi Add . :
//

//
Klasebi.h
class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
//

double fartobi;
public :
int gverdi1;
//

int gverdi2;
104
int gverdi3;
};
, . ,
Form1.h (button ) #pragma
once #include "Klasebi.h" . #include
,
, , ,
. , ,
:
//

//
Form1.h
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e){
Samkutxedi Sam1;
int perimetri;
//
Sam1
Sam1.gverdi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

perimetri = Sam1.gverdi1 + Sam1.gverdi2 + Sam1.gverdi3;
label1->Text = L" " + perimetri.ToString();
}
perimetri
perimetri
. -, .
.
, ,
,
, - Form1.h .
, ,
. ,
,
. , Samkutxedi
, gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3, perimetri fartobi
,
,
. .
//

//
Klasebi.h
class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
//

double fartobi;
public : int gverdi1;
//

int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
};
105
//
Form1.h
Samkutxedi Sam1;
//
Sam1
Samkutxedi Sam2;
//
Sam2
int Sam1_perimetri, Sam2_perimetri;
//
Sam1
//
Sam2
//

Sam1_perimetri = Sam1.gverdi1 + Sam1.gverdi2 + Sam1.gverdi3;
label1->Text = Sam1_perimetri.ToString();
}
.
Sam1 Sam2 .
//
Klasebi.h
class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
//

double fartobi;
//

int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
} Sam1, Sam2;
//
Form1.h
int Sam1_perimetri, Sam2_perimetri;
//
Sam1
//
Sam2
//
106

}

.
.
//

ref class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
//

double fartobi;
//

int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
};
//
label1->Text = "";
//
5 masivi
array<Samkutxedi^>^ masivi = gcnew array<Samkutxedi^>(5);
int indexi;
//
5
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < 5; indexi++ ) {
masivi[indexi] = gcnew Samkutxedi;
}
//

masivi[indexi]->gverdi1 = indexi + 10;
}
//

label1->Text += (indexi+1).ToString() + L" : " +
masivi[indexi]->gverdi1.ToString() + " " + masivi[indexi]->gverdi2.ToString() +
" " + masivi[indexi]->gverdi3.ToString() + "\n";
//

indexi = 1;
for each ( Samkutxedi^ obieqti in masivi )
label2->Text += (indexi++).ToString() + L" : " +
obieqti->gverdi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti->gverdi2.ToString() +
" " + obieqti->gverdi3.ToString() + "\n";
}
107

, (.) .
. ,
(->) . ,
.
, (*) . ,
Samkutxedi *obj1;
, & :
Samkutxedi obj1;
Samkutxedi *misamarti;
misamarti = &obj1;
1- ,
.
.
//

class ChemiKlasi {
public :
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
};
//
ChemiKlasi obj1;
//

ChemiKlasi *mimtitebeli;
//

mimtitebeli = &obj1;
//
obj1
mimtitebeli->ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
obj1.ricxvi2 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
label1->Text = mimtitebeli->ricxvi1.ToString();
label2->Text = obj1.ricxvi2.ToString();
}
ChemiKlasi *mimtitebeli; ChemiKlasi
. . mimtitebeli obj1
:
mimtitebeli = &obj1;
obj1 (->)
:
mimtitebeli->ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

,
. , .
108
. , ,
. :
//

ref class ChemiKlasi {
public :
int mteli;
double wiladi;
bool logikuri;
static array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> (5);
};
int indexi;
ChemiKlasi^ obj1 = gcnew ChemiKlasi();
ChemiKlasi^ obj2;
//
obj1
obj1->mteli = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
obj1->wiladi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
obj1->logikuri = Convert::ToBoolean(textBox3->Text);
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < obj1->masivi->Length; indexi++ )
obj1->masivi[indexi] = indexi + 10;
//
obj2 obj1
obj2 = obj1;
//
obj2
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < obj2->masivi->Length; indexi++ )
label2->Text += obj2->masivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
label1->Text = obj2->mteli.ToString() + " " + obj2->wiladi.ToString() + " " + obj2->logikuri.ToString();
}
,
, . :
//

class ChemiKlasi1 {
public :
int mteli;
double wiladi;
};
class ChemiKlasi2 {
public :
int mteli;
double wiladi;
};
ChemiKlasi1 obj1;
ChemiKlasi1 obj3;
ChemiKlasi2 obj2;
obj1.mteli = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
109
obj1.wiladi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
//
!
obj2 = obj1;
obj3 = obj1;
label1->Text = obj1.mteli.ToString() + " " + obj1.wiladi.ToString();
label2->Text = obj3.mteli.ToString() + " " + obj3.wiladi.ToString();
}
obj2 = obj1; , ,
. obj3 = obj1; ,
.
. ,
, . .
- (member function) .
. ,
, .
:
int Funqcia(int par1, double par2, System::String^ par3);
Funqcia() int ,
.
() ,
. :
_ : _ _(_)
{

}
_ public . ,
, ,
.

. ,
.
Samkutxedi . , Samkutxedi
,
. :
//

class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//
perimetri Samkutxedi
110
void Perimetri() {
perimetri = gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" - " + perimetri.ToString());
}
};
//
Samkutxedi Sam1;
Samkutxedi Sam2;
//
Sam1
//

Sam1.perimetri ();
//
Sam2
//

Sam2.Perimetri();
}
Perimetri() public,
. void ,
Perimetri() ( ) . ,
, .
MessageBox::Show() . , Samkutxedi
gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3 ,
Perimetri()
.
Sam1.Perimetri(); Sam1 . Sam1
Perimetri() , . Sam1
. ,
, .
, .
, Sam1.Perimetri()
Sam1 , Sam2.Perimetri() -
Sam2 .
,
"::" . "::"
.
:
//

class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
111
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//
Perimetri
void Perimetri();
};
//
Perimetri() Samkutxedi
void Samkutxedi::Perimetri() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" - " + perimetri.ToString());
}
//
private: System::Void button4_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e){
Samkutxedi Sam1;
Samkutxedi Sam2;
//
Sam1
//

Sam1.Perimetri();
//
Sam2
//

Sam2.Perimetri();
}
public void Perimetri(); Perimetri()
. , Perimetri() ,
:: .
, , Perimetri()
label1 . :
//
label
class Samkutxedi {
private : int perimetri;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//
perimetri
void Perimetri(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1) {
lab1->Text = L" - " + perimetri.ToString();
}
};
//
112
Samkutxedi Sam1;
//
Sam1
//

Sam1.Perimetri(label1);
}
, Perimetri() , label1
. lab1 , Label.
, lab1 , label1 . ,
label1 .

Perimetri() ,
. - ,
.
Perimetri() ,
.
//
return
class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//

int Perimetri() {
return perimetri;
//

}
};
//
//
tolgverda tolferda
Samkutxedi tolgverda;
Samkutxedi tolferda;
int tolgverda_perimetri, tolferda_perimetri;
//
tolgverda
tolgverda.gverdi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//
tolferda
113
tolferda.gverdi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox4->Text);
//
tolgverda tolferda
tolgverda_perimetri = tolgverda. Perimetri ();
tolferda_perimetri = tolferda. Perimetri ();
label1->Text = tolgverda_perimetri.ToString();
label2->Text = tolferda_perimetri.ToString();
}
Perimetri()
tolgverda_perimetri tolferda_perimetri .

,
.
. ArisLuwi luwi_kenti(int par1)
bool . ,
true , - false .
//

class ArisLuwi {
// ,
public : bool luwi_kenti( int par1) {
if ( (par1 % 2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
};
//
int ricxvi;
ArisLuwi obieqti;
label1->Text = "";
if ( obieqti.luwi_kenti(ricxvi) )
label1->Text = L" " + ricxvi.ToString() + L" ";
else label1->Text = L" " + ricxvi.ToString() + L" ";
}
luwi_kenti() ricxvi par1
.
. Gamyofi arisGamyofi() ,
.
//

class Gamyofi {
114
//

public : bool arisGamyofi(int par1, int par2) {
if ( ( par1 % par2 ) == 0 ) return true;
else return false;
}
};
//
label2->Text = "";
Gamyofi obieqti;
if ( obieqti.arisGamyofi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2) )
else
}
arisGamyofi() ricxvi1
par1, ricxvi2 - par2 .
Minimumi() CLR-.
.
//
CLR-
class MinSidide {
//

public : int Minimumi(array<System::Int32>^ mas) {
for ( int indexi =1; indexi < mas->Length; indexi++ )
return min_ricxvi;
}
};
//
label2->Text = "";
array<Int32>^ masivi = gcnew array<Int32>(5) { 5, -1, 8, -4, 2 };
MinSidide obieqti;
int shedegi = obieqti.Minimumi(masivi);
//
Minimumi masivi
}
int shedegi = obieqti.Minimumi(masivi); Minimumi()
. masivi (
), mas . , masivi mas
. ,
.
115

(constructor) ,
.
. .
:
- , .
- .
:
_()
{

}
,
, , .
, . C++
,
( ) null (
).
( ) . ,
.
, .
,
, - .

. ,
. ,
. :
//

class Samkutxedi {
int perimetri;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//

Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
//

int Perimetris_Gacema() {
return perimetri;
116
}
};
//
int g1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Samkutxedi Sam1(g1, g2, g3);
int SamkutxedisPerimetri1 = Sam1.Perimetris_Gacema();
label1->Text = L" = " + SamkutxedisPerimetri1.ToString();
}
Samkutxedi Sam1(g1, g2, g3); Samkutxedi()
. ,
. g1, g2 g3 ,
par1, par2 par3 . gverdi1, gverdi2
gverdi3 .
.
//

class Samkutxedi {
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
public :
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
return perimetri;
}
} Sam1(1, 2, 3), Sam2(11, 12, 13);
//
117
}

. ":" ,
. gverdi1
par1 , gverdi2 - par2 ,
gverdi3 - par13 .
//

class Samkutxedi {
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
public :
Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) : gverdi1(par1), gverdi2(par2), gverdi3(par3) {
}
return perimetri;
}
};
//
private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e)
{
int cvladi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Samkutxedi obj(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
label1->Text = obj.Perimetris_Gacema().ToString();
}
,
:
//

{
118
...
ChemiKlasi obj(5);
...
}
//

{
...
ChemiKlasi obj = 5;
...
}
,

, . :
//

//

class ChemiKlasi {
int cvladi;
public :
ChemiKlasi(int par) { cvladi = par; }
int Naxva() { return cvladi; }
};
//
Char simbolo = Convert::ToChar(textBox3->Text);
ChemiKlasi obj1(ricxvi1);
//

ChemiKlasi obj2 = ricxvi2;
//

label1->Text = obj1.Naxva().ToString();
//

obj1 = simbolo;
}
explicit ()
. .
. :
//

class ChemiKlasi1 {
int cvladi;
public :
explicit ChemiKlasi1(int par) { cvladi = par; }
};
//
119

int ricxvi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Char simbolo = Convert::ToChar(textBox2->Text);
ChemiKlasi1 obj1 = ricxvi;
obj1 = simbolo;
}
class struct
C++/CLI struct class .
:
- value struct ( , ),
- value class ( , ),
- ref struct ( ),
- ref class ( ).
C++ C++/CLI
,
(public), - (private).
() ,
, , .
C++ C++/CLI :
) - const;
) this T -
interior_ptr<T> , T - T^
. C++/CLI this
.
:
- ,
C++ C++
.
-
.
- .
CLI (, int, double ..)
.
, .
, () ,
gcnew . , ,
, . :
int mteli1 = 55;
//
mteli1 55
int^ mteli2 = 24;
//
mteli2 24
int^ mteli3 = gcnew int(50); //
mteli3 50
120
, mteli2
mteli3 * :
{
int^ mteli3 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
int^ mteli2 = gcnew int(Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text));
int shedegi = mteli1 + *mteli2 + *mteli3;
}

.
,
.
. ,
,
, CLR .
.
//

value class Samkutxedi {
private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
perimetri = gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3 ;
fartobi = ( gverdi1 * gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
double Naxva_Fartobi() {
return fartobi;
}
int NaxvaPerimetri() {
return perimetri;
}
};
//
121

Samkutxedi obj1(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
Samkutxedi obj2 = Samkutxedi(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
Samkutxedi^ obj3 = Samkutxedi(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
Samkutxedi obj4 = *obj3;
Samkutxedi obj5;
label1->Text = L" = " + obj1.NaxvaPerimetri().ToString() +
L"\n = " + obj1.Naxva_Fartobi().ToString();
label2->Text = L" = " + obj2.Naxva_Fartobi().ToString();
label3->Text = L" = " + obj3->NaxvaPerimetri().ToString();
label4->Text = L" = " + obj4.NaxvaPerimetri().ToString();
}
obj1, obj2, obj4 obj5 Samkutxedi
. obj3 , Samkutxedi^ ,
CLR . obj4 , obj3 .
Samkutxedi obj4 = *obj3;
obj4 , obj3
. ,
.

.

nullptr- .
obj5 .
, Samkutxedi .
. ,
,
, nullptr . obj5
.
:
- (
);
- .

.
. ,
, .
,
,
(ref class).

. C++
.
122
,
. ref class
.
.
//

private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
//

Samkutxedi() : gverdi1(10), gverdi2(20), gverdi3(30) {
}
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
return fartobi;
}
return perimetri;
}
};
Samkutxedi^ obj1;
Samkutxedi^ obj2 = gcnew Samkutxedi(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi;
label1->Text = L" = " + obj1->Naxva_Fartobi().ToString();
}
obj1 Samkutxedi^ . . obj1
nullptr . , .

. obj2 Samkutxedi^ .
obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi;
. Samkutxedi
123
, obj1 .
" "
C++ ,
,
, .
" " .
.
" " .
. ,
, , ,
. " " ,
, ,
.
(destructor) ,
. :
~_()
{

}
, (~).
.
, ,
- .
.
" "
, . ,
, " " ,
. "
" , .
.
//

ref class Klasi1 {
public :
int ricxvi1;
Klasi1(int par1) {
ricxvi1 = par1;
}
~Klasi1() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n ");
}
};
//
124
Klasi1^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi1(cvladi);

label1->Text = obj1->ricxvi1.ToString();
delete obj1;
}
- .

, C++
. ,
, .
delete . ,
.
,
,
. , ,
. ,
(finalizer) .
-,
delete .
,
. ,

.
,
~ ! .
.
//

public ref class Klasi {
public :
//
Klasi(int par) : nomeri(par) { }

//
~Klasi() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(
L" . " + nomeri.ToString());
}
//
!Klasi() {
L" . " + nomeri.ToString());
}
private :
int nomeri;
};
//
125

Klasi^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi(ricxvi1);
delete obj1;
obj2->~Klasi();
}
delete obj1; :
obj2->~Klasi(); :
, ,
.
. , obj3
,
.
, ,
- .
126
, ,
, . ,
,
, .
:
//delete obj1;
//obj2->~Klasi();
obj1 obj2
. Klasi , obj3

.
, ,
,
, .
this
,
. this . this
-. .
, this , ,
Axarisxeba . .
//

ref class Axarisxeba {
public : double d;
int i;
double shedegi;
Axarisxeba(double par_ricxvi, int par_xarisxi) {
d = par_ricxvi;
i = par_xarisxi;
shedegi = 1;
if ( par_xarisxi == 0 ) return;
for ( ; par_xarisxi > 0; par_xarisxi-- ) shedegi *= d;
}
//
shedegi
double xarisxis_dabruneba() {
return shedegi;
}
};
//
double ricxvi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
int xarisxi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
Axarisxeba^ obieqti = gcnew Axarisxeba(ricxvi, xarisxi);
127
label1->Text = obieqti->d.ToString() + L" " + obieqti->i.ToString() +

L" " + obieqti->xarisxis_dabruneba().ToString();
}

, .. . ,
xarisxis_dabruneba() return shedegi;
shedegi . ,
:
return this->shedegi;
this , xarisxis_dabruneba()
. this->shedegi shedegi . ,
xarisxis_dabruneba() obj1 , this
obj1 . this
.
C++
. ,
this
. this
.
//

ref class Axarisxeba {
public : double ricxvi;
int xarisxi;
double shedegi;
Axarisxeba(double ricxvi, int xarisxi) {
this->ricxvi = ricxvi;
// this.ricxvi ricxvi
this->xarisxi = xarisxi;
// this.xarisxi xarisxi
shedegi = 1;
if ( this->xarisxi == 0 ) return;
for ( ; this->xarisxi > 0; this->xarisxi-- ) shedegi *= this->ricxvi;
}
};
//
double ricxvi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
int xarisxi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
Axarisxeba^ obieqti = gcnew Axarisxeba(ricxvi1, xarisxi1);
label1->Text = obieqti->shedegi.ToString();
}
Axarisxeba()
, . this
.
128

(static).
,
, .
. ,
,
.

.
, ,
, . C++

. ,
.
//

//
Klasi.h
ref class Klasi {
static int statikuri_cvladi1;
public :
static int statikuri_cvladi2;
void Minicheba(int par) {
statikuri_cvladi1 = par;
}
int Naxva() { return statikuri_cvladi1; }
};
//
Form1.h
Klasi^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi();
//
Klasi1 statikuri_cvladi1
//

obj1->Minicheba(ricxvi1);
label1->Text = obj1->Naxva().ToString();
//
Klasi1 statikuri_cvladi2
Klasi::statikuri_cvladi2 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
label2->Text = Klasi::statikuri_cvladi2.ToString();
}

. this .
.
const () volatile ().
, ,
. :
//

//
Klasi.h
ref class Klasi1 {
static int statikuri_cvladi;
129
int chveulebrivi_cvladi;
public :
static void statikuri_Minicheba1(int par) {
statikuri_cvladi = par;
}
static void statikuri_Minicheba2(Klasi1^ obj, int par) {
obj->chveulebrivi_cvladi = par + 10;
}
int Naxva1() { return statikuri_cvladi; }
int Naxva2() { return chveulebrivi_cvladi; }
};
//
Form1.h
Klasi1::statikuri_Minicheba1(ricxvi1);
Klasi1^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi1();
Klasi1::statikuri_Minicheba2(obj1, ricxvi2);
label1->Text = obj1->Naxva1().ToString();
obj1->statikuri_Minicheba2(obj1, ricxvi2);
}
.
.
Klasi1::statikuri_Minicheba2(obj1, ricxvi2);
statikuri_Minicheba2()
,
obj1->statikuri_Minicheba2(obj1, ricxvi2);
- obj1 .
.

, ,
..

. ,
" " .
. , ,
. :
//

ref class Studenti {
//

public :
130
static array <System::String^>^ gvari = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);

static array <System::String^>^ fakulteti = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);
int kursi;
void Funqcia_Studenti() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show
(L" \n" + gvari[0] + "\n" + fakulteti[0] + "\n" + kursi.ToString());
}
};
ref class Universiteti {
//

public : Studenti studenti;
//
studenti Studenti
static array <System::String^>^ misamarti = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);
void Funqcia_Universiteti() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n" + misamarti[0]);
}
};
//
Universiteti^ obieqti_universiteti = gcnew Universiteti();
obieqti_universiteti->studenti.gvari[0] = textBox1->Text;
obieqti_universiteti->studenti.fakulteti[0] = textBox2->Text;
obieqti_universiteti->studenti.kursi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
obieqti_universiteti->studenti.Funqcia_Studenti();
obieqti_universiteti->misamarti[0] = textBox4->Text;
obieqti_universiteti->Funqcia_Universiteti();
}

,
. ,
- . ,
. , .
.
,
.
. , ,
private,
public,
. ,
, .
.
//

ref class Universiteti {
//

public : ref class Studenti {
//

public :
131
static array <System::String^>^ gvari = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);

static array <System::String^>^ fakulteti = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);
static int^ kursi;
void Funqcia_Universiteti() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n" +
gvari[0] + "\n" + fakulteti[0] + "\n" + kursi->ToString());
}
};
//

Studenti^ studenti;
static array <System::String^>^ misamarti = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);
void Funqcia_Studenti() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n" + misamarti[0]);
}
};
//

//
Universiteti^ obieqti = gcnew Universiteti();
obieqti->Funqcia_Studenti();
obieqti->misamarti[0] = textBox4->Text;
obieqti->studenti->gvari[0] = textBox1->Text;
obieqti->studenti->fakulteti[0] = textBox2->Text;
obieqti->studenti->kursi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
obieqti->studenti->Funqcia_Universiteti();
}
, :
.
, () ,
- . :
struct _ {
//

private :
//

} _;
, struct
. .
//

public ref struct Samkutxedi {
//

int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
//

132
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
//

int Perimetri() {
return perimetri;
}
private : int perimetri;
};
//
Samkutxedi^ struqtura1 = gcnew Samkutxedi(g1, g2, g3);
int Shedegi = struqtura1->Perimetri();
label1->Text = Shedegi.ToString();
}
. ,
Samkutxedi struqtura1(g1, g2, g3);
Samkutxedi struqtura2 = struqtura1;
, ,

, (,
enumerations). :
access enum class name {enumerator-list} var;
access enum struct name {enumerator-list} var;
:
enum class KvirisDge { Orshabati, Samshabati, Otxshabati, Xutshabati, Paraskevi, Shabati, Kvira };
- KvirisDge
-: Orshabati, Samshabati
..
:
KvirisDge kd = KvirisDge::Samshabati;
.
Int32 . , int .
:
//

enum class KvirisDge { Orshabati, Samshabati, Otxshabati, Xutshabati, Paraskevi, Shabati, Kvira };
//
133
KvirisDge kd = KvirisDge::Samshabati;
label1->Text = (KvirisDge::Paraskevi).ToString();
label2->Text = safe_cast<int>(KvirisDge::Paraskevi).ToString();
}
, ,
. , .
5.1 .
5.1.

bool
1
char
1
signed char
1
unsigned char
1
short
2
unsigned short
2
int
4
unsigned int
4
long
4
unsigned long
4
long long
8
unsigned long long
8
CLI Value Class

System::Boolean
System::SByte
System:: SByte
System:: Byte
System::Int16
System:: UInt16
System::Int32
System::UInt32
System:: Int32
System:: UInt32
System::Int64
System::UInt64
.
Char :
enum class Tveebi : Char { Ianvari, Tebervali, Marti, Aprili, Maisi, Ivnisi,
Ivlisi, Agvisto, Seqtemberi, Oqtomberi, Noemberi, Dekemberi };
0.
:
enum class Tveebi : Char { Ianvari = 2, Tebervali, Marti, Aprili, Maisi, Ivnisi,
, Tebervali 3 ..
:
enum class Tveebi : Char { Ianvari = 20, Tebervali = 10, Marti, Aprili, Maisi, Ivnisi,
, Marti 11 ..
:
enum class Tveebi : bool { Ianvari = true, Tebervali = true, Marti = true, Aprili = true, Maisi = true,
Ivnisi = true, Ivlisi = false, Agvisto = false, Seqtemberi = false,
Oqtomberi = false, Noemberi = false, Dekemberi = false };
(union) ,
: , .
134
, , private:
.
.
:
;
;
.
//

union Gaertianeba {
long long mteli;
double wiladi;
bool logikuri;
System::Char simbolo;
Gaertianeba(long long par1, double par2, bool par3, System::Char par4) {
mteli = par1;
wiladi = par2;
logikuri = par3;
simbolo = par4;
}
};
//
long long ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt64(textBox1->Text);
double ricxvi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
bool cvladi3 = Convert::ToBoolean(textBox3->Text);
Char cvladi4 = Convert::ToChar(textBox4->Text[0]);
Gaertianeba obj1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, cvladi3, cvladi4);
label1->Text = obj1.mteli.ToString() + " " + obj1.wiladi.ToString() + " " +
obj1.logikuri.ToString() + " " + obj1.simbolo;
}

C++/CLI ,
. , literal
. .
//

ref class Samkutxedi_1 {
private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
literal int gverdi3 = 10;
//

int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
Samkutxedi_1(int par1, int par2) {
135
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
}
return perimetri;
}
};
//
Samkutxedi_1^ obj1= gcnew Samkutxedi_1(cvladi1, cvladi2);
}

:
//

//

private :
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
//
fartobi
//
gverdi1 gverdi2
literal double fartobi = ( gverdi1 * gverdi2 ) / 2;
public :
Samkutxedi_2(int par3) {
gverdi3 = par3;
}
return perimetri;
}
return fartobi;
}
};
//
Samkutxedi_2^ obj1= gcnew Samkutxedi_2(cvladi1);
label2->Text = L" = " + obj1->Naxva_Fartobi().ToString();
}
136
initonly
.
C++/CLI initonly . ,
.
initonly .
//
initonly
private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
public :
initonly int perimetri;
Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) : gverdi1(par1), gverdi2(par2), gverdi3(par3) {
}
};
//
Samkutxedi^ obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1->Text = obj1->perimetri.ToString();
}
initonly .
initonly .
//
initonly
private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
public :
int perimetri;
initonly static int gverdi3 = 50;
Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2) : gverdi1(par1), gverdi2(par2) {
}
};
//
Samkutxedi^ obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
137
}

. ,
.

, static
.
initonly

.
. , , public
.
, .
.
. ,
,
.
.
//

private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
//

static Samkutxedi_1() { gverdi3 = 50; }
public :
int perimetri;
initonly static int gverdi3 = 40;
Samkutxedi_1(int par1, int par2) : gverdi1(par1), gverdi2(par2) {
}
};
//
Samkutxedi_1^ obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi_1(15, 90);
//
perimetri = 15 + 90 + 50
}
gverdi3 50 40.

C++ System::Random .
5.2 ,
.
138
,
.
Next().
5.2. Random
int Random.Next(int )
,

double Random.NextDouble()
,
0.0- 1.0-
void Random.NextBytes(byte[ ]
,
)
byte
{
//

//

label1->Text="";
int max = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
array <int, 2>^ mas = gcnew array <int, 2>(3,3);
System::Random obieqti;
mas[striqoni, sveti] = obieqti.Next(max);
{
label1->Text += mas[striqoni, sveti].ToString() + " ";
label1->Text = label1->Text + "\n";
}
}
NextBytes()
.
{
//

//

label1->Text="";
Random^ obj = gcnew Random;
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte>(5);
//
masivi
obj->NextBytes(masivi);
for ( int i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
label1->Text += masivi[i].ToString() + " ";
}
139
7. .

. ,
. ,
. ,
. ,
. , .
, ( ).
, ,
. ,
,
.
.
C++
.
//

class Chveulebrivi_Tipi {
//

public : void Funqcia(int par1, int par2) {
par1 = par1 + par2;
par2 = - par2;
}
};
//
Chveulebrivi_Tipi obieqti;
label1->Text = L" : " +
ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString();
obieqti.Funqcia(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
//
Funqcia
}
C++/CLI :
ref class Chveulebrivi_Tipi {
//

public : void Funqcia(int par1, int par2) {
par1 = par1 + par2;
par2 = - par2;
}
};
140
//
Chveulebrivi_Tipi^ obieqti = gcnew Chveulebrivi_Tipi();
obieqti->Funqcia(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
//
Funqcia
}
C++
.
//

class Mimartviti_Tipi {
//

public : void Funqcia(int &par1, int &par2) {
par1 = par1 + par2;
par2 = - par2;
}
};
//
Mimartviti_Tipi *obieqti = new Mimartviti_Tipi;
//
Funqcia
}
C++/CLI :
ref class Mimartviti_Tipi {
//

public : void Funqcia(int &par1, int &par2) {
par1 = par1 + par2;
par2 = - par2;
}
};
//
141

Mimartviti_Tipi^ obieqti = gcnew Mimartviti_Tipi;
//
Funqcia
}

. C++ , .
() , . ,
, . :
//

class Klasi1 {
public : int cvladi1, cvladi2;
Klasi1(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
//
void shecvla(Klasi1 obieqti1) {
obieqti1.cvladi1 = obieqti1.cvladi1 + obieqti1.cvladi2;
obieqti1.cvladi2 = -obieqti1.cvladi2;
}
};
//
Klasi1 obieqti2(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti2.cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2.cvladi2.ToString();
obieqti2.shecvla(obieqti2);
142

}
C++/CLI :
value class Klasi1 {
Klasi1(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
//
void shecvla(Klasi1 obieqti1) {
obieqti1.cvladi1 = obieqti1.cvladi1 + obieqti1.cvladi2;
obieqti1.cvladi2 = -obieqti1.cvladi2;
}
};
//
Klasi1 obieqti2(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti2.shecvla(obieqti2);
}
C++
() .
//

//

class Mimartviti_tipi {
Mimartviti_tipi(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
//
void shecvla(Mimartviti_tipi *obieqti1) {
obieqti1->cvladi1 = obieqti1->cvladi1 + obieqti1->cvladi2;
obieqti1->cvladi2 = -obieqti1->cvladi2;
}
};
//
143

Mimartviti_tipi obieqti2(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti2.shecvla(&obieqti2);
}
obieqti2.shecvla(&obieqti2) obieqti2 shecvla
. &obieqti2. , obieqti2-
obieqti1 . , obieqti1 obieqti2
. , obieqti1
obieqti2 .
C++/CLI :
ref class Mimartviti_tipi {
Mimartviti_tipi(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
//
void shecvla(Mimartviti_tipi^ obieqti1) {
obieqti1->cvladi1 = obieqti1->cvladi1 + obieqti1->cvladi2;
obieqti1->cvladi2 = -obieqti1->cvladi2;
}
};
//
Mimartviti_tipi^ obieqti2 = gcnew Mimartviti_tipi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obieqti2->cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2->cvladi2.ToString();
obieqti2->shecvla(obieqti2);
obieqti2->cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2->cvladi2.ToString();
}
144
C++ () .
Samkutxedi .
//

class Samkutxedi {
int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3;
int perimetri;
public : Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
/*
IgiveSamkutxedi() true , Sam1
,
*/
bool IgiveSamkutxedi(Samkutxedi Sam1) {
if ( ( Sam1.gverdi1 == gverdi1 ) && ( Sam1.gverdi2 == gverdi2 ) &&
( Sam1.gverdi3 == gverdi3 ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
/*
IgivePerimetri() true , Sam1
,
*/
bool IgivePerimetri(Samkutxedi Sam1) {
if ( Sam1.perimetri == perimetri ) return true;
else return false;
}
};
//
int arg1, arg2, arg3;
arg1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Samkutxedi obieqti1(arg1, arg2, arg3);
Samkutxedi obieqti2(10, 2, 5);
Samkutxedi obieqti3(Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text),
Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text), Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text));
label1->Text = L" --- " +
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2).ToString();
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti3).ToString();
145

obieqti2.IgivePerimetri(obieqti3).ToString();
}
Samkutxedi IgiveSamkutxedi() .
Sam1 IgiveSamkutxedi. ( Sam1.gverdi1 == gverdi1 )
Sam1 gverdi1 gverdi1
.
obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2) . obieqti1 . obieqti2-

Sam1 , , Sam1.gverdi1 gverdi1
obieqti2-, (==) gverdi1 - obieqti1- .
C++/CLI :
int perimetri;
public : Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
/*
IgiveSamkutxedi() true , Sam1
,
*/
bool IgiveSamkutxedi(Samkutxedi^ Sam1) {
if ( ( Sam1->gverdi1 == gverdi1 ) && ( Sam1->gverdi2 == gverdi2 ) &&
( Sam1->gverdi3 == gverdi3 ) ) return true;
else return false;
}
/*
IgivePerimetri() true , Sam1
,
*/
bool IgivePerimetri(Samkutxedi^ Sam1) {
if ( Sam1->perimetri == perimetri ) return true;
else return false;
}
};
//
int arg1, arg2, arg3;
Samkutxedi^ obieqti1 = gcnew Samkutxedi(arg1, arg2, arg3);
146
Samkutxedi^ obieqti2 = gcnew Samkutxedi(10, 2, 5);

Samkutxedi^ obieqti3 = gcnew Samkutxedi(Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text),
Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text), Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text));
obieqti1->IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2).ToString();
obieqti1->IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti3).ToString();
obieqti2->IgivePerimetri(obieqti3).ToString();
}
, .
, .
, - . :
//

class Obieqti_Asli {
int ricxvi;
public :
Obieqti_Asli(int par1) {
ricxvi = par1;
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" ");
}
~Obieqti_Asli() {
}
int get_ricxvi() {
return ricxvi;
}
};
int Funqcia2(Obieqti_Asli obj2) {
return obj2.get_ricxvi() + obj2.get_ricxvi();
}
//
Obieqti_Asli obj1(25);
Funqcia2(obj1);
}
, . , ,
, .
C++/CLI :
ref class Obieqti_Asli {
int ricxvi;
public :
Obieqti_Asli(int par1) {
ricxvi = par1;
147
}
~Obieqti_Asli() {
}
int get_ricxvi() {
return ricxvi;
}
};
int Funqcia2(Obieqti_Asli^ obj2) {
return obj2->get_ricxvi() + obj2->get_ricxvi();
}
//
Obieqti_Asli^ obj1 = gcnew Obieqti_Asli(25);
Funqcia2(obj1);
delete obj1;
}
, ,
, ,
. , , ,
, ,
.
.
, , ,
, .

- , .
, ,
.
(copy constructor) .

,
. .
, - .
//

static array<System::String^>^ xili = gcnew array<System::String^>(4)
{ L"", L"", L"", L"" };
public : System::String^ StriqonisDabruneba(int indexi) {
if ( ( indexi >= 0 ) && ( indexi < xili->Length ) ) return xili[indexi];
else return L" ";
}
};
//
148

//

ChemiKlasi obieqti;
label1->Text = obieqti.StriqonisDabruneba(3);
label2->Text = obieqti.StriqonisDabruneba(15);
}
.
//

static array<int>^ mas = gcnew array<int>(5);
public :
void Naxva(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1) {
lab1->Text += mas[indexi].ToString() + " ";
}
void Minicheba(array<int>^ par) {
mas[indexi] = indexi + 5;
}
//

ChemiKlasi^ Funqcia(array<int>^ par1) {
ChemiKlasi^ obj1;
obj1->Minicheba(par1);
return obj1;
}
};
//
//

label1->Text = "";
ChemiKlasi^ obieqti1;
ChemiKlasi^ obieqti2;
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
obieqti1 = obieqti2->Funqcia(masivi);
obieqti1->Naxva(label1);
}
ChemiKlasi Funqcia() ChemiKlasi
. obieqti1 .

C++/CLI
. ,
(...). :
int Funqcia(... array<int>^ masivi)
149
{
//
}
Funqcia() int .
masivi .
.
//

ref class Klasi {
public :
int maxSidide(...array<int>^ masivi)
{
int max;
if ( masivi->Length == 0 )
{
// ,
return 0;
}
max = masivi[0];
if ( masivi[indexi] > max ) max = masivi[indexi];
return max;
}
};
//
Klasi^ obj = gcnew Klasi;
int ricxvi1 = 1, ricxvi2 = 2, ricxvi3 = 3;
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> {10, 21, 3, 42, 5};
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> {10, 21, 3, 42, 5, 50, 30};
int maqsimumi1 = obj->maxSidide(masivi1); //
label1->Text = maqsimumi1.ToString();
5-
int maqsimumi2 = obj->maxSidide(masivi2); //

7-
int maqsimumi3 = obj->maxSidide(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3); //

int maqsimumi4 = obj->maxSidide(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);

//
2
}
,
main() . :
#include "stdafx.h"
150

{
Console::ReadLine();
Console::WriteLine(L" The number of arguments = {0}", args->Length);
int ricxvi = 1;
for each ( String^ striqoni in args )
Console::WriteLine(L"argument {0} : {1}", ricxvi++, striqoni);
return 0;
}
main() args ,
. , .
, Start->Run (. 6.1). Browse
.exe . Open ,
, OK .
Enter .
. 6.1.
.
C++
,
, .
,
- .
- .
, .
. :
//

ref class Gadatvirtva {
//

public : System::String^ Funqcia() {
return L" ";
151
}
//
double
double Funqcia(double par1) {
return System::Math::Pow(par1, 2);
}
//
int
int Funqcia(int par1, int par2) {
return par1 + par2;
}
//
double
double Funqcia(double par1, double par2) {
return par1 + par2;
}
};
//
Gadatvirtva^ obieqti;
int ricxvi1;
double wiladi1, wiladi2;
System::String^ striqoni;
//
Funqcia
striqoni = obieqti.Funqcia();
label1->Text = striqoni;
wiladi2 = obieqti->Funqcia(5.7);
label2->Text = L" . = " + wiladi2.ToString();
ricxvi1 = obieqti->Funqcia(5, 10);
label3->Text = L" . = " + ricxvi1.ToString();
wiladi1 = obieqti->Funqcia(5.5, 10.10);
label4->Text = L" . = " + wiladi1.ToString();
}
Funqcia() .
. , -
- .
, .
:
//

public : int Funqcia( int par1 ) {
return par1;
}
double Funqcia( double par1 ) {
return par1;
}
};
152
//
Gadatvirtva^ obieqti = gcnew Gadatvirtva();
int i1 = 15;
double d1 = 15.15;
Byte b1 = 33;
short s1 = 20;
float f1 = 5.5F;
//
Funqcia(int par1)
label1->Text = obieqti->Funqcia(i1).ToString();
//
Funqcia(double par1)
label2->Text = obieqti->Funqcia(d1).ToString();
//
Funqcia(int par1)
label3->Text = obieqti->Funqcia(b1).ToString();
//
Funqcia(int par1)
label4->Text = obieqti->Funqcia(s1).ToString();
//
Funqcia(double par1)
label5->Text = obieqti->Funqcia(f1).ToString();
}
Funqcia() int , double . int, double, byte, short float
. byte short
int , float double .

,
- .
: ,
.

.
.
//

ref class ChemiKlasi1 {
public : int x;
ChemiKlasi1() {
x = 0;
}
ChemiKlasi1(int par1) {
x = par1 * par1;
}
ChemiKlasi1(double par2) {
x = (int) par2 + 10;
}
153
ChemiKlasi1(int par3, int par4) {

x = par3 * par4;
}
};
//
ChemiKlasi1^ obieqti1 = gcnew ChemiKlasi1();
label1->Text = "" + obieqti1->x.ToString();
ChemiKlasi1^ obieqti2 = gcnew ChemiKlasi1(ricxvi);
ChemiKlasi1^ obieqti3 = gcnew ChemiKlasi1(28.89);
ChemiKlasi1^ obieqti4 = gcnew ChemiKlasi1(3, 5);
}
ChemiKlasi() .
.
,
.
.
//

ref class Shekreba {
public : int jami;
//
int
Shekreba(int raodenoba) {
jami = 0;
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= raodenoba; indexi++ )
jami += indexi;
}
//
,
//
,
Shekreba(int par, Shekreba^ obieqti) {
jami = obieqti->jami;
}
};
//
Shekreba^ obieqti1 = gcnew Shekreba(ricxvi1);
Shekreba^ obieqti2 = gcnew Shekreba(ricxvi1, obieqti1);
label1->Text = "";
label2->Text = "";
label1->Text = L" 0- " + ricxvi1.ToString() + L"- = " +
obieqti1->jami.ToString();
154
label2->Text = L" = " + obieqti2->jami.ToString();

}
,
- . textBox1
. jami

.
,
. ,
- .
//

ref class Gadatvirtva_1 {
int ricxvi;
public :
Gadatvirtva_1() { ricxvi = 0; }
//

Gadatvirtva_1(int par) { ricxvi = par; }
//
int Gacema() { return ricxvi; }

};
//
label1->Text = L"obj1 - ";
int indexi;
//

array<Gadatvirtva_1^>^ obj1 = gcnew array<Gadatvirtva_1^> (5);
array<Gadatvirtva_1^>^ obj2 = gcnew array<Gadatvirtva_1^> (5);
//

obj1[indexi] = gcnew Gadatvirtva_1();
//

obj2[indexi] = gcnew Gadatvirtva_1(indexi);
//
}
label1->Text += obj1[indexi]->Gacema().ToString() + " ";
}
}

. ,
. , , ,
, .
.
//
int ricxvi;
public :
Gadatvirtva() { ricxvi = 0; }
Gadatvirtva(int par1) { ricxvi = par1; }
155
int Gacema() { return ricxvi; }

void Minicheba(int par2) { ricxvi = par2; }
};
//
int indexi, cvladi;
cvladi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

Gadatvirtva^ obj1= gcnew Gadatvirtva(cvladi );
label1->Text = obj1->Gacema().ToString();
//

array<Gadatvirtva^>^ obj2 = gcnew array<Gadatvirtva^>(5);
if ( !obj2 ) label1->Text = L" !";
for ( indexi = 0; indexi < obj2->Length; indexi++ ) {
obj2[indexi] = obj1;
}
}
}

- (copy
constructor). :
, ,
, , .
, . ,
,
. ,
, . ,
, ,
. ,
.
, .
. ,
,
, .
- .
.
, .
, C++
. , ,
:
156
.
.

.

.
, .

.
.
:
_ (const _ &_) {
//

}
.
.
//

ref class Klasi {
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
public :
Klasi(int par1, int par2) {
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
void Naxva() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString());
}
};
//
{
Klasi^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi (ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
Klasi^ obj2 = obj1;
//

obj1->Naxva();
obj2->Naxva();
}
obj1 . obj2
, .
obj2 Klasi obj1
. , obj1 obj2
.
Klasi^ obj2 = obj1;

157
Klasi obj1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);

obj2 = obj1;
, .
.
:
//

ref class Klasi {
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
public :
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
Klasi(const Klasi^ obj) {
ricxvi1 = obj->ricxvi1;
ricxvi2 = obj->ricxvi2;
}
void Naxva() {
}
};
//
{
Klasi^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
Klasi^ obj2 = gcnew Klasi(obj1);
//

obj1->Naxva();
obj2->Naxva();
}
, ,
C++ ,
.
:
.
.
.
.
158
, ,
C++ ,
.
//

class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int *par, System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ tb1) {
*par = System::Convert::ToInt32(tb1->Text);
}
};
//
int cvladi;
Klasi *obj = new Klasi;
obj->Funqcia(&cvladi, textBox1);
}
cvladi textBox1 Funqcia()
. cvladi par
textBox1 . ,
(call by reference)
() . ,
.
, .
//

class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int &par, System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ tb1)
{
par = System::Convert::ToInt32(tb1->Text);
}
};
//
int cvladi;
obj->Funqcia(cvladi, textBox1);
}
, ( & ).
, par * . par
. ,
, textBox1 cvladi .
Funqcia() &
. , Funqcia() , ,
159
.
, , ,
. , Funqcia() par--; ,
cvladi 1- , .
C++/CLI :
ref class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int &par, System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ tb1)
{
}
};
//
int cvladi;
Klasi^ obj = gcnew Klasi();
obj->Funqcia(cvladi, textBox1);
}
-
:
- .
- .
- - ,
-.
- ,
.
C++
.
//

class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int &par1, int &par2)
{
int temp;
temp = par1;
par1 = par2;
par2 = temp;
}
};
//
label1->Text = cvladi1.ToString() + " " + cvladi2.ToString();
obj->Funqcia(cvladi1, cvladi2);
}
160
C++/CLI :
ref class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int &par1, int &par2)
{
int temp;
temp = par1;
par1 = par2;
par2 = temp;
}
};
//
obj->Funqcia(cvladi1, cvladi2);
}

. ,
, ,
.
, ,
. , ,
(.) (->) .
C++
- .
//
-
class Klasi {
int ricxvi;
public :
Klasi(int par1) {
ricxvi = par1;
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" - " + ricxvi.ToString());
}
~Klasi() {
}
int Gamotana() {
return ricxvi;
}
};
void Funqcia(Klasi &obieqti) {
161
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" Funqcia - " + obieqti.Gamotana().ToString());

}
//
Klasi obj(cvladi);
Funqcia(obj);
}
C++/CLI :
ref class Klasi {
int ricxvi;
public :
Klasi(int par1) {
ricxvi = par1;
}
~Klasi() {
}
int Gamotana() {
return ricxvi;
}
};
void Funqcia(Klasi^ obieqti) {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" Funqcia - " + obieqti->Gamotana().ToString());
}
//
Klasi^ obj = gcnew Klasi(cvladi);
Funqcia(obj);
delete obj;
}

. C++
.
//

class Klasi {
public :
int ricxvi;
int &Funqcia() {
//

return ricxvi;
//
ricxvi-
}
};
//
162

Klasi obj;
obj.Funqcia() = cvladi;
label1->Text = obj.ricxvi.ToString();
}
Funqcia() . return
ricxvi; ricxvi . ricxvi
. ,
obj1.Funqcia() = cvladi;
ricxvi cvladi .
, Funqcia()
. , ,
. Funqcia() ricxvi ,
cvladi .

:
.
.
.
, ,
.

(function template) ,
. -
. , .
,
.
,
, .

. ,
. , ,
.
:
template < class > _ _ ( _ )
{

}
template () , -.
,
163
.
,
(generated function).
(instantiating) .
- .

//

//
-
template < class Tipi > Tipi Funqcia(Tipi par1, Tipi par2) {
Tipi jami;
jami = par1 + par2;
return jami;
}
//
int shedegi1 = Funqcia(mteli1, mteli2);
double shedegi2 = Funqcia(wiladi1, wiladi2);
label1->Text = shedegi1.ToString();
}
Tipi ,
. Funqcia(mteli1, mteli2) ,
Tipi int , Funqcia(wiladi1, wiladi2) double .
class typename :
template < typename Tipi > Tipi Funqcia_1(Tipi par1, Tipi par2) {
Tipi jami;
jami = par1 + par2;
return jami;
}
//
int shedegi1 = Funqcia_1(mteli1, mteli2);
double shedegi2 = Funqcia_1(wiladi1, wiladi2);
164
}
- .
:
//

template < class Tipi_1, class Tipi_2 > Tipi_1 Funqcia_2(Tipi_1 par1, Tipi_2 par2) {
Tipi_1 jami;
jami = par1 + par2;
return jami;
}
//
double shedegi1 = Funqcia_2(wiladi1, mteli1);
}
Funqcia_2(wiladi1, mteli1) Tipi_1 double ,
Tipi_2 - int .
-
, -
,
.
, - ,
. , -,
. :
template < class Tipi > Tipi Funqcia_3(Tipi par1, Tipi par2) {
Tipi jami;
jami = par1 + par2;
return jami;
}
//
-
double Funqcia_3(double par1, double par2) {
double namravli;
namravli = par1 * par2;
return namravli;
}
//
165
int shedegi1 = Funqcia_3(mteli1, mteli2);

double shedegi2 = Funqcia_3(wiladi1, wiladi2);
}
Funqcia_3(wiladi1, wiladi2) Funqcia_3(double par1,
double par2) . Funqcia_3(mteli1, mteli2)
Funqcia_3(Tipi par1, Tipi par2) Tipi int .

, (-)
. - ,
.
,
. , ,
.. .
- :
template < class > class _ {

}

:
_ < > ;
,
.
//

# define SIZE 10
//
-
template < class Steki_Tipi > class Steki
{
Steki_Tipi steki_masivi[SIZE];
//
int ind;
//

public :
void init() { ind = 0; }
//

void push(Steki_Tipi ch);
Steki_Tipi pop();
};
//
template < class Steki_Tipi >
void Steki < Steki_Tipi >::push(Steki_Tipi ch)
{
if ( ind == SIZE )
{
166
return;
}
steki_masivi[ind] = ch;
ind++;
}
//
template < class Steki_Tipi >
Steki_Tipi Steki < Steki_Tipi >::pop()
{
if ( ind == 0 )
{
return 0;
}
ind--;
return steki_masivi[ind];
}
//
//

Steki <Char> steki_1;
Steki <double> steki_2;
Char c1 = L'', c2 = L'', c3 = L'', c4 = L'';
double d1 = 10.5, d2 = 9.03, d3 = 5.17;
//

steki_1.init();
steki_1.push(c1);
steki_1.push(c2);
steki_1.push(c3);
steki_1.push(c4);
label1->Text += steki_1.pop().ToString();
//

steki_2.init();
steki_2.push(d1);
steki_2.push(d2);
steki_2.push(d3);
label2->Text += steki_2.pop().ToString() + " ";
label2->Text += steki_2.pop().ToString() + " ";
}
steki_1 Steki -
Steki_Tipi Char . , steki_2
Steki - Steki_Tipi
167
double .
.
:
//

template < class Tipi1, class Tipi2 > class ChemiKlasi {
Tipi1 cvladi1;
Tipi2 cvladi2;
public :
ChemiKlasi(Tipi1 par1, Tipi2 par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
void Naxva() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" = " +
cvladi1.ToString() + L"\n = " + cvladi2.ToString());
}
};
//
int mteli = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
double wiladi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
ChemiKlasi <double, int> obj1(wiladi, mteli);
obj1.Naxva();
}

(generic, ) ,
. ,
. ,

. ,
.
, ,
, .
, .
:
generic<typename _> where _ : _
_ _ (array<_>^ )
{

}
.
//

generic<typename Tipi> where Tipi : System::IComparable
Tipi Funqcia(array<Tipi>^ masivi)
168
{
Tipi max = masivi[0];
if ( max->CompareTo(masivi[indexi]) < 0 ) max = masivi[indexi];
return max;
}
//
generic<typename Tipi_2> where Tipi_2 : System::IComparable
void Funqcia2(array<Tipi_2>^ masivi2, System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab2)
{
for each ( Tipi_2 x in masivi2 )
lab2->Text += x + " ";
lab2->Text += "\n";
}
//
array<int>^ masivi1 = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
array<double>^ masivi2 = { 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4 };
array<String^>^ masivi3 = { L"", L"", L"" };
Funqcia2(masivi1, label1);
label1->Text += Funqcia(masivi1);
}
IComparable , -8 . Tipi
.
.
, .
where , ,
.
, , ,
IComparable . ,
CompareTo() , .

. 0-, ,
,
.
:
Tipi Funqcia(array<Tipi>^ masivi)
Funqcia , Tipi .

Funqcia2() ,
. Tipi int .
169
. ,
Funqcia2() Tipi double
. , .
Funqcia2() Tipi String
. , .

C++/CLI .

. ,
,
( -8 ).
:
generic<typename _> ref class _
{

};
generic<class _> ref class _

{

};
typename class
.
:
generic<class Tipi> ref class Steki
{
//

};
Steki :
Steki<Klasi^>^ obj1 = gcnew Steki<Klasi^>;
Steki<int>^ obj2 = gcnew Steki<int>;
Steki<Char>^ obj3 = gcnew Steki<Char>;
obj1 Klasi^ - .
obj2 int - . obj3
Char - .
.
//

generic<class Tipi> ref class Steki
{
private :
//
ref struct Item
170
{
Tipi Obj;
Item^ Next;
Item(Tipi obj, Item^ next) : Obj(obj), Next(next) { }
};
Item^ Top;
public :
void Push(Tipi obj)
{
Top = gcnew Item(obj, Top);
}
Tipi Pop()
{
if ( Top == nullptr ) return Tipi();
Tipi obj = Top->Obj;
Top = Top->Next;
return obj;
}
};
//
ref class Klasi {
public :
int ricxvi;
Klasi(int par) { ricxvi = par; }
int Naxva() { return ricxvi * 2; }
};
//
Steki<Klasi^>^ obj1 = gcnew Steki<Klasi^>;
Steki<int>^ obj2 = gcnew Steki<int>;
Steki<Char>^ obj3 = gcnew Steki<Char>;
Klasi^ k1 = gcnew Klasi(1); Klasi^ k2 = gcnew Klasi(2); Klasi^ k3 = gcnew Klasi(3);
Char c1 = L'', c2 = L'', c3 = L'', c4 = L'';
int i1 = 10, i2 = 5, i3 = 15;
//
obj1->Push(k1);
obj1->Push(k2);
obj1->Push(k3);
label1->Text = obj1->Pop()->ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
label1->Text += obj1->Pop()->ricxvi.ToString() + " ";
label1->Text += obj1->Pop()->ricxvi.ToString();
obj1->Pop();
//
obj2->Push(i1);
obj2->Push(i2);
obj2->Push(i3);
label2->Text = obj2->Pop().ToString() + " ";
171
label2->Text += obj2->Pop().ToString() + " ";

label2->Text += obj2->Pop().ToString();
//
obj3->Push(c1);
obj3->Push(c2);
obj3->Push(c3);
obj3->Push(c4);
label3->Text = obj3->Pop().ToString();
}

C++ , .
. (in-line)
,
. ,
. ,
, . ,
, .
inline .
.
//
inline
ref class Klasi {
public :
Klasi(int par1, int par2);
int Jami();
//

};
Klasi::Klasi(int par1, int par2) {
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
inline int Klasi::Jami() {
//
Jami()
return ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
}
//
Klasi^ obj = gcnew Klasi(cvladi1, cvladi2);
int jami = obj->Jami();
}
172
Jami() . ,
int jami = obj->Jami(); ,
Jami() .
.
, , .
inline .
, inline
, .
, ,
..
,
inline
. :
//
ref class Klasi {
public :
Klasi(int par1, int par2)
{
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
int Jami() {
//
Jami()
return ricxvi1 + ricxvi2;
}
};
Klasi^ obj = gcnew Klasi(cvladi1, cvladi2);
int jami = obj->Jami();
}
,
.:
//

ref class Klasi {
public :
int Jami(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 + par2;
}
double Jami(double par1, double par2)
{
return par1 + par2;
}
};
//
173
Klasi^ obj = new Klasi();

double cvladi3 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox3->Text);
int jami_int = obj->Jami(cvladi1, cvladi2);
double jami_double = obj->Jami(cvladi3, cvladi4);
label1->Text = jami_int.ToString();
label2->Text = jami_double.ToString();
}

(friend function), ,
.
, ,
-
.
,
friend
. C++
.
//

class Klasi_1 {
public :
Klasi_1(int par1, int par2) {
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
friend int Megobruli_Funqcia(Klasi_1 obj2);
};
int Megobruli_Funqcia(Klasi_1 obj2) {
obj2.jami = obj2.ricxvi1 + obj2.ricxvi2;
return obj2.jami;
}
//
Klasi_1 obj1(cvladi1, cvladi2);
Klasi_1 obj2(cvladi3, cvladi4);
int shedegi1 = Megobruli_Funqcia(obj1);
int shedegi2 = Megobruli_Funqcia(obj2);
174
}
, Megobruli_Funqcia

. ,
, . ,
.

. , ,
.
. :
//

class Injineri;
//

class Eqimi {
int staji;
double xelfasi;
public :
int ricxvi1;
Eqimi(int par1, double par2, int par3) {
staji = par1; xelfasi = par2; ricxvi1 = par3;
}
friend int MegobruliFunqcia(Eqimi obj1, Injineri obj2);
};
//
class Injineri {
int staji;
double xelfasi;
public :
int ricxvi2;
Injineri(int par1, double par2, int par3) {
}
friend int MegobruliFunqcia(Eqimi obj1, Injineri obj2);
};
int MegobruliFunqcia(Eqimi obj1, Injineri obj2) {
return obj1.staji - obj2.staji;
}
//
int cvladi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
Eqimi obj1(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
175
Injineri obj2(cvladi4, cvladi5, cvladi6);

int shedegi = MegobruliFunqcia(obj1, obj2);
if ( shedegi > 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
else if ( shedegi < 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
MegobruliFunqcia() Eqimi Injineri .
.
.
(forward declaration) ,
(forward reference) . ,
MegobruliFunqcia() ,
.
, .
. :
class _;
Eqimi Injineri
. Injineri
.
.
:
//
MegobruliFunqcia Eqimi
//
Injineri
class Injineri;
//

class Eqimi
{
int staji;
double xelfasi;
public :
int ricxvi1;
Eqimi(int par1, double par2, int par3)
{
}
int MegobruliFunqcia(Injineri obj2);
};
//
class Injineri
{
int staji;
double xelfasi;
public :
int ricxvi2;
Injineri(int par1, double par2, int par3)
{
}
176
friend int Eqimi::MegobruliFunqcia(Injineri obj2);

};
int Eqimi::MegobruliFunqcia(Injineri obj2)
{
return staji - obj2.staji;
}
Eqimi obj1(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
Injineri obj3(cvladi4, cvladi5, cvladi6);
int shedegi = obj1.MegobruliFunqcia(obj3);
if ( shedegi > 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
else if ( shedegi < 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
Injineri friend int Eqimi::MegobruliFunqcia(Injineri obj2); ,
MegobruliFunqcia Eqimi .
.
,

( -8 ).
, , ref value
.
(default argument)
,
.
.
,
,
. ,
:
int Funqcia(int par1 = 5, int par2 = 20);
:
int shedegi1 = Funqcia();
int shedegi2 = Funqcia(7);
int shedegi3 = Funqcia(2, 8);
,
. ,
177
, par1 , par2 -
20. , par1 2, par2 8.
, ,
. ,
:
int Funqcia(int par1 = 5, int par2);
:
int Funqcia(int par1, int par2 = 9);
C++
.
//

class Klasi {
public :
int Funqcia(int par1 = 5, int par = 10);
};
int Klasi::Funqcia(int par1, int par2) {
return par1 + par2;
}
//
Klasi obj1;
int shedegi1 = obj1.Funqcia();
int shedegi2 = obj1.Funqcia(cvladi1);
int shedegi3 = obj1.Funqcia(cvladi1, cvladi2);
}
.
C++ . .
, -
.
//

class Klasi1 {
public :
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
return par1 + par2 + par3;
}
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2) {
return par1 + par2;
}
};
//
178

Klasi1 obj1;
int perimetri_samkutxedi = obj1.Perimetri(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
int perimetri_martkutxedi = obj1.Perimetri(cvladi1, cvladi2);
label1->Text = perimetri_samkutxedi.ToString();
label2->Text = perimetri_martkutxedi.ToString();
}
.
class Klasi2 {
public :
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3 = 0) {
}
};
//
Klasi2 obj1;
int perimetri_samkutxedi = obj1.Perimetri(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
int perimetri_martkutxedi = obj1.Perimetri(cvladi1, cvladi2);
label1->Text = perimetri_samkutxedi.ToString();
label2->Text = perimetri_martkutxedi.ToString();
}
, .
.
. ,
, ,
, . :
//

class Klasi3 {
int ricxvi;
public :
Klasi3(int par = 0) { ricxvi = par;}
int Gacema() { return ricxvi;}
};
//
Klasi3 obj1(5);
Klasi3 obj2;
label1->Text = obj1.Gacema().ToString();
label2->Text = obj2.Gacema().ToString();
}
179
. :
//

//

class Klasi {
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
public :
ricxvi1 = par1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
Klasi(const Klasi& obj, int par2 = 5) {
ricxvi1 = obj.ricxvi1;
ricxvi2 = par2;
}
void Naxva() {
}
};
//
Klasi obj2(obj1);
obj1.Naxva();
obj2.Naxva();
}
,
.
, , ref
value .

(ambiguity)
. ,
.
, -
. .
,
.
//
,
180
ref class Klasi

{
public : double Funqcia(double par) {
return par / 2.0;
}
float Funqcia(float par) {
return (float)(par / 4.0);
}
};
//
float f1 = 3.5F;
double d1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
int i1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
//
. Funqcia(float par)
label1->Text = obj->Funqcia(f1).ToString();
//
. Funqcia(double par)
label2->Text = obj->Funqcia(d1).ToString();
//
.
label3->Text = obj->Funqcia(i1).ToString();
}
obj->Funqcia(i1) . int
float , double . ,
obj->Funqcia(f1), obj->Funqcia(d1) .
Klasi int Funqcia(int par) i1
float double.
,
- .
//
,
//
-
ref class Klasi2 {
public : double Funqcia(double par1) {
return par1 * par1;
}
float Funqcia(double &par1) {
return par1 + par1;
}
};
//
Klasi2^ obj2 = gcnew Klasi2();
double wiladi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
//
.
label1->Text = obj2->Funqcia(wiladi);
}
obj2->Funqcia(wiladi) .
Funqcia(double par1), Funqcia(double
181
&par1) . Klasi2
- .
C++ ,
.
//
,
//

class Klasi {
public : double Funqcia(double par) {
return par / 2.0;
}
float Funqcia(double par1, double par2 = 15) {
return par1 * par2;
}
};
//
Klasi obj;
label1->Text = obj.Funqcia(wiladi1, wiladi2).ToString();
//
.
label2->Text = obj.Funqcia(wiladi1);
}
obj.Funqcia(wiladi1) .
Funqcia(double par), Funqcia(double par1, double par2
= 15) . Klasi
.

C++

.
. ,
, . C++
:
void Funqcia(int par1) {
for ( ; par1; par1-- ) System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(par1.ToString() + " ");
}
void Funqcia(int par1, System::Char simbolo) {
for ( ; par1; par1-- ) System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(simbolo.ToString() + " ");
}
//
182
//

void (*Funqcia1)(int);
void (*Funqcia2)(int, Char);
Funqcia1 = Funqcia;
//
Funqcia(int)
Funqcia2= Funqcia;
//
Funqcia(int, Char)
Funqcia1(cvladi1);
//
cvladi1 0-
Funqcia2(cvladi1, L'');
//
cvladi1 '' */
}
, Funqcia1 Funqcia2
, ,
. ,
, ,
.
, . ,
- .
, .
. N
N!- 1- N-. , 4-
1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 24.
.
//

ref class Factorial
{
//

public : int factor(int ricxvi)
{
int shedegi;
if ( ricxvi == 1 ) return 1;
shedegi = factor(ricxvi -1) * ricxvi;
return shedegi;
}
};
//
Factorial^ obieqti = gcnew Factorial();
int number = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int fact1;
label1->Text = "";
fact1 = obieqti->factor(number);
label1->Text = fact1.ToString();
}

183
.
. , ,
1- . 1-.
,
. , .
, ,
(). ,
:
.
,
. , ,
.. , ,
.
Array
Array Clear()
. :
Array::Clear(_, _, );
Clear() masivi
:
{
Array::Clear(masivi, 0, masivi->Length);
}
Clear() masivi 3
1 :
{
Array::Clear(masivi, 1, 3);
}
Clear() String^ ,
null . bool
, false .
Array
Sort(),
. :
Array::Sort(_ [,, ]);
Sort() :
{
184
label1->Text = "";
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 10, 100, 90, 20, 30, 70, 50, 40, 80, 60 };
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> { 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 10 };
//
masivi1
Array::Sort(masivi1);
for each ( int cvladi in masivi1 )
//
masivi2
Array::Sort(masivi2, 1, 4);
for each ( int cvladi in masivi2 )
}
masivi1 ,
masivi2 . ,
4 1 .

Sort() :
{
array<String^>^ saxeli = { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
array<double>^ simagle = { 170.9, 185.32, 135.50, 130,70 };
//
saxeli saimagle
Array::Sort(saxeli, simagle);
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < saxeli->Length; indexi++ )
label1->Text += saxeli[indexi]->ToString() + " - " + simagle[indexi].ToString() + "\n";
}
Array
BinarySearch() . . ,
.
. :
{
array<int>^ masivi = { 10, 9, 57, 59, 30, 40 };
int sazebni_elementi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
// masivi
Array::Sort(masivi);
//

int indexi = Array::BinarySearch(masivi, sazebni_elementi);
if ( indexi < 0 ) label2->Text = L" ";
else label2->Text = L" - " + sazebni_elementi.ToString() +
L" - " + indexi.ToString();
}
:
{
label1->Text = "";
array<int>^ masivi = { 10, 9, 57, 59, 30, 40 };
185
int sazebni_elementi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

// masivi
Array::Sort(masivi);
//

int indexi = Array::BinarySearch(masivi, 1, 4, sazebni_elementi);
if ( indexi < 0 ) label2->Text = L" ";
else label2->Text = L" - " + sazebni_elementi.ToString() + L"
- " + indexi.ToString();
}
1 4 .
.
:
{
int indexi;
array<String^>^ gvarebi =
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
array<String^>^ sazebni_gvari = { L"", L"", L"" };
//
gvarebi
Array::Sort(gvarebi);
for each ( String^ cvladi in gvarebi )
label1->Text += cvladi + " ";
for each ( String^ cvladi in sazebni_gvari )
{
indexi = Array::BinarySearch(gvarebi, cvladi);
if ( indexi < 0 ) label2->Text += cvladi + L" - \n";
else label2->Text += L" - " + cvladi +
L"
- " + indexi.ToString() + "\n";
}
}
186
8. .

, -
. ,

. .
, ,
, , 100 ,
. - ,
- , ,
- .
C++ ,
, ( , base class) . ,
,
(derived class) . ,
.
,
. ()
.
:
class __ : __ {
_
}
,
. ,
.
.
, ,
,
,
. ,
.
, .
Sibrtye ,
, . Sibrtye
Samkutxedi Otxkutxedi .
. , String^ ,
class ref (reference, ) .
//

//

ref class Sibrtye {
public : double gverdi1;
double gverdi2;
187
double gverdi3;
System::String^ Naxva() {
return L" : \n" +
gverdi1.ToString() + " " + gverdi2.ToString() + " " + gverdi3.ToString();
}
};
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
ref class Samkutxedi : public Sibrtye {
public :
System::String^ tipi;
double Partobi() {
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
return gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
}
double Perimetri() {
return gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3;
}
System::String^ TipisNaxva() {
return L" - " + tipi;
}
};
//
Otxkutxedi Sibrtye
ref class Otxkutxedi : public Sibrtye {
public :
double Partobi() {
//
Samkutxedi Sibrtye
return gverdi1 * gverdi2;
}
double Perimetri() {
}
};
//
Samkutxedi^ samkutxedi = gcnew Samkutxedi();
Otxkutxedi^ oxtkutxedi = gcnew Otxkutxedi();
samkutxedi->gverdi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
samkutxedi->tipi = L"";
//
samkutxedi
label1->Text = samkutxedi->TipisNaxva();
label2->Text = samkutxedi->Naxva();
label3->Text = samkutxedi->Partobi().ToString();
label4->Text = samkutxedi->Perimetri().ToString();
188
oxtkutxedi->gverdi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
oxtkutxedi->gverdi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
//
oxtkutxedi
label5->Text = oxtkutxedi->Naxva();
label6->Text = oxtkutxedi->Partobi().ToString();
label7->Text = oxtkutxedi->Perimetri().ToString();
}
Sibrtye .
, , .. Samkutxedi , Sibrtye
, ,
- . Samkutxedi Sibrtye
tipi , , Perimetri(), Partobi() TipisNaxva() .
tipi , TipisNaxva()
.
Samkutxedi Sibrtye ,
Partobi() gverdi1 gverdi2 .
, Sibrtye Samkutxedi ,
, .
, :
{
Sibrtye^ Figura = gcnew Sibrtye();
Figura->gverdi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
Figura->gverdi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
label1->Text = Figura->Naxva();
}
Sibrtye .

(access specifier) ,
.
public ,
.
private ,
, ,
. ,
,
. , private.

public .
//
public
ref class Sibrtye_1 {
double gverdi3;
double gverdi2;
};
189
//
Samkutxedi_1 Sibrtye_1
ref class Samkutxedi_1 : public Sibrtye_1
{
double fartobi;
public :
double Fartobi() {
fartobi = gverdi1 * gverdi2;
return fartobi;
}
};
//
private: System::Void button5_Click_1(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
Samkutxedi_1ôbj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi_1();
obj1->gverdi1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
obj1->gverdi2 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
double shedegi = obj1->Fartobi();
}
, ,
public ,
. , ref value
. ,
public private protected
.

private . , private ,
C++ .
//
private
class Sibrtye_2 {
double gverdi3;
double gverdi2;
};
//
Samkutxedi_2 Sibrtye_2
class Samkutxedi_2 : private Sibrtye_2 {
double fartobi;
public :
void Inicializeba(double par1, double par2) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
}
double Fartobi() {
return fartobi;
}
};
//
190
Samkutxedi_2 obj1;
obj1.Inicializeba(cvladi1, cvladi2);
double shedegi = obj1.Fartobi();
}
, , private
,
. Inicializeba Fartobi
.
protected

. ,
.
.
. protected
.

public ,
.
private , .
protected
, . ,
, protected .
, protected .

public . ,
.
//
public
ref class Sibrtye1 {
//
Samkutxedi
protected : int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3;
public : void Inicializacia(int a, int b, int c) {
gverdi1 = a;
gverdi2 = b;
gverdi3 = c;
}
System::String^ Naxva() {
return gverdi1.ToString() + " " + gverdi2.ToString() + " " + gverdi3.ToString();
}
};
ref class Samkutxedi1 : public Sibrtye1 {
int shedegi;
191
//
Partobi() Sibrtye
//
gverdi1, gverdi2 gverdi3
public : void Partobi() {
shedegi = gverdi1 * gverdi2 / 2;
}
System::String^ PartobisNaxva() {
return shedegi.ToString();
}
};
//
//
protected
Samkutxedi1^ obieqti = gcnew Samkutxedi1();
//
Inicializacia() Naxva() Samkutxedi
obieqti->Inicializacia(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1->Text = obieqti->Naxva();
obieqti->Partobi();
label2->Text = obieqti->PartobisNaxva();
}
C++ ,
protected .
, .
//
protected
class Sibrtye3 {
protected : double sigane;
//

//
Sibrtye
public :
double simagle;
Sibrtye3() { };
Sibrtye3(double w, double h) {
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
}
};
//

class Samkutxedi3 : protected Sibrtye3 {
//

public :
Samkutxedi3(double w, double h) {
sigane = w;
simagle = h;
}
double Partobi() {
192
return sigane * simagle / 2;

}
};
//
Samkutxedi3 obj3(cvladi1, cvladi2);
double shedegi = obj3.Partobi();
}
,

. ,
.
, ,
- . ,
. ,
.
, " " ,

,
. , .
, .
, ,
.
,
. ,
, . ,

. ,
.
:
__(_) :
_ (_)
{

}

. ,
.

.
193
//

//

ref class Winapari {
public :
Winapari() {
}
~Winapari() {
}
};
//

ref class Memkvidre : public Winapari {
public :
Memkvidre() {
}
~Memkvidre() {
}
};
//
Memkvidre^ obj = gcnew Memkvidre();
delete obj;
}
,
, -
.
.
ref class Winapari_1 {
public :
Winapari_1() {
}
~Winapari_1() {
}
};
//

ref class Memkvidre_1 : public Winapari_1 {
int cvladi;
public :
Memkvidre_1(int par) {
cvladi = par;
}
194
~Memkvidre_1() {
}
lab1->Text = L" - " + cvladi.ToString();
}
};
//
Memkvidre_1^ obj1 = gcnew Memkvidre_1(ricxvi);
obj1->Naxva(label1);
delete obj1;
}

, ,
. ,
.
.
ref class Winapari_2 {
int cvladi1;
public :
Winapari_2(int par1) {
cvladi1 = par1;
}
~Winapari_2() {
}
void Naxva_W(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1) {
lab1->Text = L" - " + cvladi1.ToString();
}
};
//

ref class Memkvidre_2 : public Winapari_2 {
int cvladi2;
public :
Memkvidre_2(int par2, int par3) : Winapari_2(par3) {
cvladi2 = par2;
}
~Memkvidre_2() {
}
void Naxva_M(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1) {
lab1->Text = L" - " + cvladi2.ToString();
}
195
};
//
Memkvidre_2^ obj = gcnew Memkvidre_2(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
obj->Naxva_M(label1);
obj->Naxva_W(label2);
delete obj;
}
,
, .

,
. C++ , . ,
. , Klasi3 Klasi2
, Klasi1 .
, Klasi3 Klasi1 Klasi2 ,
Klasi1 (indirect) Klasi3 . Klasi3
,
Klasi1 , Klasi2
Klasi3 . ,
. , ()
, .
.
//

//

//
Klasi1
ref class Klasi1 {
int cvladi1;
public :
Klasi1(int par1) { cvladi1 = par1; }
int Naxva1() { return cvladi1; }
};
//
Klasi2
ref class Klasi2 : public Klasi1 {
int cvladi2;
public :
Klasi2(int par1, int par2) : Klasi1(par2) {
// Klasi1
cvladi2 = par1;
}
};
196
//
Klasi3
ref class Klasi3 : public Klasi2 {
int cvladi3;
public :
Klasi3(int par1, int par2, int par3) : Klasi2(par2, par3) {
// Klasi2
cvladi3 = par1;
//
}
};
//
Klasi3^ obj = gcnew Klasi3(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1->Text = obj->Naxva1().ToString() + " " + obj->Naxva2().ToString() +
" " + obj->Naxva3().ToString();
}
ref value . C++
.
,
:
class __ : _ __1,
_ __2,...,
_ __N
{
_
}
,
. ,
, . ,
.
,
,
.
:
___ (_) :
__1(_),
__2(_),...,
__N(_)
{
___
}

.
C++ .
//
,
197
//

//
Klasi5
class Klasi4 {
int cvladi4;
public :
};
//
Klasi5
class Klasi5 {
int cvladi5;
public :
};
//
Klasi6
class Klasi6 : public Klasi4, public Klasi5 {
int cvladi6;
public :
Klasi6(int par1, int par2, int par3) : Klasi4(par2), Klasi5(par3) {
cvladi6 = par1;
}
};
//
Klasi6 obj(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label2->Text = obj.Naxva4().ToString() + " " + obj.Naxva5().ToString() + " " + obj.Naxva6().ToString();
}
Klasi6 : Klasi4 Klasi5. ,
, .
.
C++
, .
//
,
//

//
Klasi7
class Klasi7 {
int cvladi7;
public :
Klasi7() { System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(
L" Klasi7 "); }
~Klasi7() { System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(
L" Klasi7 "); }
198
};
//
Klasi8
class Klasi8 {
int cvladi8;
public :
L" Klasi8 "); }
L" Klasi8 "); }
};
//
Klasi9
class Klasi9 : public Klasi7, public Klasi8 {
int cvladi9;
public :
L" Klasi9 "); }
L" Klasi9 "); }
};
//
Klasi9 obj;
}

-
. , ,
, ,
.
,
,
. , ""
, " "
. :
//

class Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi1;
int cvladi2;
int cvladi3;
void Minicheba_S(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
cvladi3 = par3;
}
199
int Perimetri() {
return cvladi1 + cvladi2 + cvladi3;
}
};
//

class Memkvidre : public Sabazo {
public :
void Minicheba_M(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
double Fartobi() {
return (double) ( cvladi1 + cvladi2 ) / 2;
}
};
//
Sabazo *mimtitebeli;
//

Sabazo obj_Sabazo;
//

Memkvidre obj_Memkvidre;
//

//

mimtitebeli = &obj_Sabazo;
mimtitebeli->Minicheba_S(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1->Text = mimtitebeli->Perimetri().ToString();
//

mimtitebeli = &obj_Memkvidre;
//

obj_Memkvidre.Minicheba_M(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
label2->Text = obj_Memkvidre.Fartobi().ToString();
}
C++/CLI :
ref class Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi1;
int cvladi2;
int cvladi3;
void Minicheba_S(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
cvladi3 = par3;
}
int Perimetri() {
}
200
};
//

ref class Memkvidre : public Sabazo {
public :
void Minicheba_M(int par1, int par2) {
cvladi1 = par1;
cvladi2 = par2;
}
double Fartobi() {
return (double) ( cvladi1 + cvladi2 ) / 2;
}
};
//
Sabazo^ mimtitebeli;
//

Sabazo^ obj_Sabazo = gcnew Sabazo();
//

Memkvidre^ obj_Memkvidre = gcnew Memkvidre();
//

//

mimtitebeli = obj_Sabazo;
//

mimtitebeli = obj_Memkvidre;
//

obj_Memkvidre->Minicheba_M(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
label2->Text = obj_Memkvidre->Fartobi().ToString();
}

. ,
. ,

, ,
.

C++
. ,
. ,
.
. "
- " - .
, virtual
201
, ,
.
. C++
, .
.
, ,
. , ,
, .
,
, ,
,
. ,
. ,
, .
.
(polymorphic class) .
virtual ,
virtual .
,
, ,
, .

. ,

.
. ,
,
.
,
.
//

ref class Sibrtye {
public :
void Minicheba(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
void Gacema(int &par1, int &par2, int &par3) {
par1 = gverdi1;
par2 = gverdi2;
par3 = gverdi3;
}
virtual int Perimetri() {
return 0;
}
202
};
//

ref class Samkutxedi : public Sibrtye {
public :
virtual int Perimetri() override {
int cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3;
Gacema(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
}
};
//

ref class Martkutxedi : public Sibrtye {
public :
return ( cvladi1 + cvladi2 ) * 2;
}
};
//
{
Sibrtye^ mimtitebeli;
Samkutxedi^ obj_Sam = gcnew Samkutxedi();
Martkutxedi^ obj_Mart = gcnew Martkutxedi();
obj_Sam->Minicheba(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
obj_Mart->Minicheba(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
mimtitebeli = obj_Sam;
mimtitebeli = obj_Mart;
}
, Sibrtye
, .
, .

:
1.
.
,
.
2. .
.
3. , - .
203

- (override).
.
,
.
.
//

ref class Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi;
Sabazo(int par) { cvladi = par; }
virtual void Funqcia() {
L" ");
}
};
//

ref class Memkvidre1 : public Sabazo {
public : Memkvidre1(int par) : Sabazo(par) { }
virtual void Funqcia() override {
L" ");
}
};
//

};
//
{
Sabazo^ obj_W = gcnew Sabazo(ricxvi1);
Memkvidre1^ obj_M1 = gcnew Memkvidre1(ricxvi2);
mimtitebeli = obj_W;
mimtitebeli->Funqcia();
//
Sabazo Funqcia()
mimtitebeli = obj_M1;
//
Memkvidre1 Funqcia()
//
Sabazo Funqcia()
204
}
,
. ,
.
,
. , Sabazo
Memkvidre1 Sabazo
, Memkvidre2 Memkvidre1 . Memkvidre1
,
Sabazo .
Memkvidre1
Memkvidre2 , Memkvidre2
Memkvidre1 .
.
//
ref class Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi;
Sabazo(int par) { cvladi = par; }
virtual void Funqcia() {
L" ");
}
};
//

virtual void Funqcia() override {
L" ");
}
};
//

ref class Memkvidre2 : public Memkvidre1 {
public : Memkvidre2(int par) : Memkvidre1(par) { }
};
Sabazo^ obj_W = gcnew Sabazo(ricxvi1);
mimtitebeli = obj_W;
205
}

,
,
. ,
. ,
, (pure virtual function) .
.
.
:
virtual _ (_) = 0;
,
. s
.
//

ref class Sibrtye1 {
public :
void Minicheba(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
void Gacema(int &par1, int &par2, int &par3) {
par1 = gverdi1;
par2 = gverdi2;
par3 = gverdi3;
}
virtual int Perimetri() = 0;
//

};
//

ref class Samkutxedi1 : public Sibrtye1 {
public :
}
};
//

206
ref class Martkutxedi1 : public Sibrtye1 {

public :
return ( cvladi1 + cvladi2 ) * 2;
}
};
//
{
Sibrtye1^ mimtitebeli;
Samkutxedi1^ obj_Sam = gcnew Samkutxedi1();
Martkutxedi1^ obj_Mart = gcnew Martkutxedi1();
obj_Sam->Minicheba(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
obj_Mart->Minicheba(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
mimtitebeli = obj_Sam;
mimtitebeli = obj_Mart;
}

, , (abstract
class) . .

,
,
.
.
, ,
. ,
. , ,
. :
virtual _ _(_) abstract;
,
abstract .
abstract
.
, ,
, .. abstract
. , ,
207
.
Sibrtye .
Partobi() ,
. , Sibrtye
Partobi()
.
//

ref class Sabazo abstract {
public :
//
virtual double Funqcia() abstract;
//
virtual void Naxva()
{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" = " + Funqcia().ToString());
}
};
//
ref class Memkvidre_1 : Sabazo {
public :
//
virtual void Naxva() override
{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" = " + Funqcia().ToString());
}
//
virtual double Funqcia() override
{
return ricxvi1 + ricxvi2 + ricxvi3;
}
//
Memkvidre_1() : ricxvi1(10.5), ricxvi2(15.8), ricxvi3(20.4) { }
//
Memkvidre_1(double par1, double par2, double par3) : ricxvi1(par1), ricxvi2(par2), ricxvi3(par3) { }
protected :
double ricxvi1;
double ricxvi2;
double ricxvi3;
};
//
ref class Memkvidre_2 : Memkvidre_1 {
public :
//
virtual double Funqcia() override
{
return ricxvi1 * ricxvi2 * ricxvi3;
}
208
//
Memkvidre_2(double par1, double par2, double par3) : Memkvidre_1(par1, par2, par3) { }
};
//
array<Memkvidre_1^>^ masivi =
{ gcnew Memkvidre_1(2.0, 3.0, 4.0), gcnew Memkvidre_2(2.0, 3.0, 4.0),
gcnew Memkvidre_1(4.0, 5.0, 6.0), gcnew Memkvidre_2(4.0, 5.0, 6.0) };
for each ( Memkvidre_1^ memk_obj in masivi )
memk_obj->Naxva();
}
Sabazo abstract . C++/CLI
C++ ,
,
. abstract , Funqcia()
, .
,
. ,
abstract . , abstract
, - .. ,
.
public
. ,
, ,
ricxvi1, ricxvi2 ricxvi3 . Memkvidre_1 Funqcia()
. override ,
. Memkvidre_1
Funqcia() , .
Memkvidre_1 .
Memkvidre_1 Memkvidre_2 , CLR .
masivi .
stack1 Memkvidre_1 Memkvidre_2 .
C++ :
-
.
- public.
- , ,
abstract .
- , ,
abstract .
- , ,
. , .
- override
.
209

new.

.
.
ref class SabazoKlasi {
public :
int i;
SabazoKlasi() {}
SabazoKlasi(int par1) {
i = par1;
};
i += 10;
lab1->Text = L" . i = " + i.ToString() + "\n";
}
};
//

ref class MemkvidreKlasi : SabazoKlasi {
public :
MemkvidreKlasi(int par2) : SabazoKlasi(par2) { }
//
Naxva() SabazoKlasi Naxva()
virtual void Naxva(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1) new
{
i *= 2;
lab1->Text += L" . i = " + i.ToString() + "\n";
}
};
//
SabazoKlasi^ Sabazo_obj = gcnew MemkvidreKlasi(ricxvi2);
MemkvidreKlasi^ memkvidre_obj = gcnew MemkvidreKlasi(ricxvi1);
memkvidre_obj->Naxva(label1);
Sabazo_obj->Naxva(label2);
}
MemkvidreKlasi Naxva() SabazoKlasi
Naxva() , new
. memkvidre_obj->Naxva(label1); .
Naxva() ,
.
Sabazo_obj->Naxva(label2); .
210

.
, Sabazo , Memkvidre1 Memkvidre2 (.
7.1). Memkvidre3 . ,
Sabazo Memkvidre3 : Memkvidre1
Memkvidre2 . ,
Sabazo Memkvidre3 . ,
Memkvidre3 Sabazo , Memkvidre1
Memkvidre2
.
(virtual base class). ,
virtual . , ref value
.
Sabazo
Memkvidre1
Memkvidre2
Memkvidre3
. 7.1.
C++
.
//

//

class Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi;
};
//

class Memkvidre1 : public virtual Sabazo {
211
public :
int cvladi1;
int Naxva1() { return cvladi1 + cvladi; }
};
//

class Memkvidre2 : public virtual Sabazo {
public :
int cvladi2;
int Naxva2() { return cvladi2 + cvladi; }
};
//
,
class Memkvidre3 : public Memkvidre1, public Memkvidre2 {
public :
int cvladi3;
int Naxva3() { return cvladi3 + cvladi2 + cvladi1 + cvladi; }
};
//
Memkvidre3 obj;
obj.cvladi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
obj.cvladi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
label1->Text = obj.Naxva().ToString();
label2->Text = obj.Naxva1().ToString();
}
Memkvidre1 Memkvidre2
virtual ,
return cvladi3 + cvladi2 + cvladi1 + cvladi;
.
obj.cvladi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
.
, virtual ,
.
,
.

.

(early binding) ,

,
212
.
.
: , ,
- .
,
. ,
,
.
.
(late binding) ,
. C++
.
,

.
, ,
.
,
.
object
C++ Object ,
. , Object ,
.. Object
. Object .
:
//
Object
System::Object^ obj1;
//
obj1
obj1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = obj1->ToString();
//
obj1
obj1 = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
//
obj1
obj1 = Convert::ToBoolean(textBox3->Text);
//
obj1
obj1 = Convert::ToChar(textBox4->Text);
//
obj1
obj1 = textBox5->Text;
}
C++/CLI ( ,
) System::Object
213
, .
System::Object
. ,

, , .

, System::Object^ .
, System::Object ,

.
, C++.
214
9. , , ,

(property) .
() .
, ,
, - .
,
. ,
.. ,
,
. ,
.
set() get() . get
, set
. set ,
. ,
, .
get set . ,
. .
get set , .
:
_ : property _
{
get()
{
get
}
set()
{
set
}
}
(, int).
.
, set ;
, get .
:
. ,
.
,
.
,
215
. , String Length
. ,
. ,
.

, .
get() , , set()
.
,
.
//

value class Samkutxedi {
private :
//
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public :
//

Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2, int par3) : gverdi1(par1), gverdi2(par2), gverdi3(par3) { }
Samkutxedi(int par1, int par2) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
}
return fartobi;
}
//

property int tviseba
{
int get()
{
}
}
};
//
Samkutxedi obj1 = Samkutxedi(cvladi1, cvladi2);
216
Samkutxedi obj2 = Samkutxedi(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);

label1->Text = L" = " + obj1.Naxva_Fartobi().ToString();
label2->Text = L" = " + obj2.tviseba.ToString();
}
ChemiTviseba , cvladi
.
//

int cvladi = 0;
ref class MartiviTviseba {
public :
//
ChemiTviseba
property int ChemiTviseba
{
int get()
{
return cvladi;
}
void set(int par1)
{
//
cvladi par1
if ( par1 >= 0 ) cvladi = par1;
}
}
};
//
//
MartiviTviseba^ obieqti = gcnew MartiviTviseba();
label1->Text = obieqti->ChemiTviseba.ToString();
//
ChemiTviseba ricxvi
obieqti->ChemiTviseba = ricxvi;
//
obieqti.ChemiTviseba
obieqti->ChemiTviseba = -ricxvi;
}
get() set()
. .
//
get() set()
//

int cvladi = 0;
public :
//
ChemiTviseba
217
{
int get();
void set(int par1);
}
};
//

int MartiviTviseba::ChemiTviseba::get()
{
return cvladi;
}
void MartiviTviseba::ChemiTviseba::set(int par1)
{
//
cvladi value
}
//
MartiviTviseba^ obieqti = gcnew MartiviTviseba();
//
ChemiTviseba ricxvi
//
}
.
.
//

int cvladi = 0;
public :
//
ChemiTviseba
{
int get()
{
return cvladi;
}
void set(int par1)
{
//
cvladi value
}
}
218
};
//
MartiviTviseba^ obieqti = gcnew MartiviTviseba;
//
ChemiTviseba ricxvi
//
}

, get() set()
.
. :
//

ref class ChemiTviseba {
public :
property int tviseba; //

};
//
ChemiTviseba^ obieqti = gcnew ChemiTviseba();
obieqti->tviseba = ricxvi;
label1->Text = obieqti->tviseba.ToString();
}
obieqti->tviseba = ricxvi; ,
- .

,
. ,
.
.

.
//

ref class IndexTviseba {
private :
array<System::String^>^ Gvarebi;
//
219
public :
IndexTviseba(...array<System::String^>^ gvarebi) : Gvarebi(gvarebi) { }
//

property int GvarebisRaodenoba
{
int get()
{
return Gvarebi->Length;
}
}
//

property System::String^ default[int]
{
System::String^ get(int index)
{
if ( index >= Gvarebi->Length ) return L" ";
return Gvarebi[index];
}
void set(int index, System::String^ gvari)
{
if ( index >= Gvarebi->Length )
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show( L" ");
Gvarebi[index] = gvari;
}
}
};
//
IndexTviseba^ obieqti = gcnew IndexTviseba(L"", L"", L"",
L"", L"");
for ( int ind = 0; ind < obieqti->GvarebisRaodenoba; ind++ )
label1->Text += obieqti[ind]->ToString() + L"\n";
obieqti[obieqti->GvarebisRaodenoba-3] = L"";
label2->Text += obieqti[ind]->ToString() + L"\n";
}
,
default .
, , .
.
.
, get() ,
, .
set() : ,
- , .
220
default ,
.
.
//

ref class IndexTviseba_1 {
private :
array<System::String^>^ Gvarebi;
public :
IndexTviseba_1(...array<System::String^>^ gvarebi) : Gvarebi(gvarebi) { }
//

property int GvarebisRaodenoba
{
int get()
{
return Gvarebi->Length;
}
}
//

property System::String^ Tviseba[int]
{
System::String^ get(int index)
{
if ( index >= Gvarebi->Length ) return L" ";
return Gvarebi[index];
}
void set(int index, System::String^ gvari)
{
if ( index >= Gvarebi->Length )
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show( L" ");
Gvarebi[index] = gvari;
}
}
};
//
IndexTviseba_1^ obieqti = gcnew
IndexTviseba_1(L"", L"", L"", L"", L"");
label1->Text += obieqti->Tviseba[ind]->ToString() + L"\n";
obieqti->Tviseba[obieqti->GvarebisRaodenoba-3] = L"";
label2->Text += obieqti->Tviseba[ind]->ToString() + L"\n";
}
221

.

.
.
//

private :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
public :
static int perimetri;
//

Samkutxedi_1(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
static property int tviseba
{
int get()
{
return perimetri;
}
}
};
//
Samkutxedi_1^ obj1 = gcnew Samkutxedi_1(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
label1->Text = Samkutxedi_1::tviseba.ToString();
}

, ,
. ()
, .
interface class interface struct .
222
, , ,
.
. ,
.
.
. , (public).
, I (
). Samkutxedi Sabazo
ISamkutxedi INaxva .
//

//

interface class ISamkutxedi {
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3);
double Fartobi();
};
//

interface class INaxva {
void Naxva();
};
//

ref class Sabazo {
public :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
};
//

ref class Samkutxedi : Sabazo, ISamkutxedi, INaxva {
private :
int perimetri;
public :
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
virtual int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
return perimetri;
}
virtual double Fartobi() {
return ( gverdi1 + gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
virtual void Naxva() {
223
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" = " + perimetri.ToString());

}
};
//
int Perimetri = obj1->Perimetri(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
double Fartobi = obj1->Fartobi();
label1->Text = Perimetri.ToString();
label2->Text = Fartobi.ToString();
obj1->Naxva();
}
Samkutxedi Sabazo ISamkutxedi
INaxva . ISamkutxedi INaxva
,
. , ,
,
.
ISamkutxedi ,
, .
, ISamkutxedi Samkutxedi^
. :
//

//

//

interface class ISamkutxedi {
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3);
double Fartobi();
};
//

interface class INaxva {
void Naxva();
};
//

ref class Sabazo {
public :
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
};
//

ref class Samkutxedi : Sabazo, ISamkutxedi, INaxva {
private :
int perimetri;
224
public :
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
}
virtual int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
return perimetri;
}
virtual double Fartobi() {
return ( gverdi1 + gverdi2 ) / 2;
}
virtual void Naxva() {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" = " + perimetri.ToString());
}
};
//
ISamkutxedi^ obj2(obj1);
double s1 = obj2->Fartobi();
int s2 = obj2->Perimetri(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3);
label1->Text = s1.ToString();
label2->Text = s2.ToString();
}
, .
. ,
, . , ,
.
,
.
,
().
,
. .
. .
225
,
. ,
.
. , C++
.
:
_ delegate _(_);
,
.
System::Delegate. ,
.
:
public delegate void Delegati(int cvladi);
Delegati . Delegati
System::Delegate . Delegati
. void int
. , ,
.
.
,
- ,

. :
Delegati^ delegati1 = gcnew Delegati(Klasi1::Funqcia1);
, CLR
, -
. :
Klasi1^ obj = gcnew Klasi1;
Delegati^ delegati2 = gcnew Delegati(obj, & Klasi1::Funqcia3);
.
//

//

//
public ref class Klasi1 {
public :
static void Funqcia1(int par) {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" Funqcia1 - = " + par.ToString());
}
}
void Funqcia3(int par) {
}
Klasi1() : cvladi(1) { }
Klasi1(int par) : cvladi(par) { }
226
protected :
int cvladi;
};
//
delegati1->Invoke(50);
//
Funqcia1
delegati1(35);
//
Funqcia1
//
delegati1 Funqcia2
delegati1 += gcnew Delegati(Klasi1::Funqcia2);
delegati1(100);
//
Funqcia1 Funqcia2
//
delegati1 Funqcia1
delegati1 -= gcnew Delegati(Klasi1::Funqcia1);
delegati1(200);
//
Funqcia2
//
Delegati^ delegati2 = gcnew Delegati(obj, & Klasi1::Funqcia3);
delegati2(77);
//
Funqcia3
//
delegati1 delegati2
delegati1 += delegati2;
delegati1(15);
//
Funqcia2 Funqcia3
}
Klasi1 , (Funqcia1
Funqcia2) - (Funqcia3). Delegati
:
delegati1 Klasi1 Funqcia1 . , delegati1
Funqcia1 .
, .
:
delegati1->Invoke(50);
delegati1(35);
,
delegati1 . ,
(Funqcia1) .
+ . delegati1 Funqcia2
:
delegati1 Funqcia1 Funqcia2
. delegati1 . delegati1
, Funqcia1 , - Funqcia2
,
.
,
- . delegati1 Funqcia1
:
227

Funqcia2 .
delegati1 . Funqcia2
. ,
nullptr.
,
.
.
:
delegati1 += delegati2;
delegati1 delegati2
. , delegati1
Funqcia1 Funqcia2 . , delegati1
.

. :
//

//

public delegate void Delegati1(int cvladi);
public delegate void Delegati2(int cvladi, System::Char simbolo);
ref class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int par1) {
for ( ; par1; par1-- ) System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(par1.ToString() + " ");
}
void Funqcia(int par1, System::Char simbolo) {
for ( ; par1; par1-- ) System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(simbolo.ToString() + " ");
}
};
//
Delegati1^ delegati1 = gcnew Delegati1(obj, &Klasi::Funqcia);
Delegati2^ delegati2 = gcnew Delegati2(obj, &Klasi::Funqcia);
delegati1(cvladi1);
delegati2(cvladi1, L'');
}
.
, . :
228
, ,
, , ..
, ()
, ().
.
event
. :
event _^ _;
_ ,
, _ (-)
.
.
//

//

public delegate void Delegati(System::String^ striqoni);
//
public :
//
Movlena
event Delegati^ Movlena;
//

void Funqcia_Movlena()
{
Movlena(L"");
Movlena(L"");
}
};
//
Movlena -
public ref class Klasi_Damamushavebeli {
public :
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(System::String^ par)
{
(L" Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1 - " + par);
}
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_2(System::String^ par)
{
(L" Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_2 - " + par);
}
};
//
Klasi_Damamushavebeli^ dam1 = gcnew Klasi_Damamushavebeli;
//
Klasi1 Movlena
obj->Movlena += gcnew Delegati(dam1, &Klasi_Damamushavebeli::Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1);
229
obj->Funqcia_Movlena();
//
Movlena
//
Movlena
obj->Movlena -= gcnew Delegati(dam1, &Klasi_Damamushavebeli::Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1);
obj->Funqcia_Movlena();
}
Klasi1 Movlena . , Movlena
Klasi1 ,
. , , (static),
(virtual). Movlena Delegati
. Klasi1 Funqcia_Movlena() ,
Movlena .
. ,
Movlena . ,
, .
Klasi_Damamushavebeli Movlena
.
Klasi1 :
- :
Klasi_Damamushavebeli^ dam1 = gcnew Klasi_Damamushavebeli;
Klasi_Damamushavebeli dam1 , obj
Movlena Delegati .
.
Delegati Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1
Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_2 .
, Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_2
.
, .
//
,
//

public delegate void Delegati2(int ricxvi);
//

public :
//
Delegati
event Delegati2^ Movlena;
//

void Funqcia_Movlena(int par1)
{
if ( par1 % 2 == 0 ) Movlena(par1);
}
};
//
Movlena -
public ref class Klasi_Damamushavebeli2 {
public :
230
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(int par2)

{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n " +
par2.ToString() + L" ");
}
};
//
Klasi^ obj2 = gcnew Klasi;
Klasi_Damamushavebeli2^ dam2 = gcnew Klasi_Damamushavebeli2;
//
obj2->Movlena += gcnew Delegati2(dam2, &Klasi_Damamushavebeli2::Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1);
obj2->Funqcia_Movlena(cvladi);
//
Movlena
}

. ,
, Manqana. ,
. .
.
,
.

.
System ,
:

namespace .
:
namespace __
{

}
, ,
, , ,
.
.
//

#pragma once
231
namespace Sivrce_1
{
int ricxvi1 = 10;
int ricxvi2;
}
namespace Saxelebis_Sivrce {
...
//
Sivrce_1::ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = Sivrce_1::ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + Sivrce_1::ricxvi2.ToString();
}
Sivrce_1 #pragma once
. . ,
, Sivrce_1::
. :: , .

. ,
, using namespace . using
namespace :
using namespace __[::_];
using namespace using namespace Sivrce_1;
:
#pragma once
namespace Sivrce_1
{
int ricxvi1 = 10;
int ricxvi2;
}
232
using namespace Sivrce_1;

...
//
label1->Text = ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString();
}
, Sivrce_1
Sivrce_1:: .
. :
//

#pragma once
namespace Sivrce_1
{
int ricxvi1 = 10;
int ricxvi2;
}
//
namespace Sivrce_2
{
int ricxvi1 = 55;
int ricxvi3;
}
//
namespace Sivrce_1
{
int ricxvi4 = 50;
int ricxvi5;
}
...
//
ricxvi5 = ricxvi1 + ricxvi2 + ricxvi4;
label1->Text = Sivrce_1::ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + ricxvi2.ToString() + " " + ricxvi5.ToString();
233
//
label2->Text = Sivrce_2::ricxvi1.ToString() + " " + Sivrce_2::ricxvi3.ToString();
}
: Sivrce_1 Sivrce_2. ,
Sivrce_1, - Sivrce_2. Sivrce_1-
. using namespace Sivrce_1. ,
ricxvi1 .
using namespace Sivrce_2 ,
ricxvi1
. , Sivrce_2 ricxvi1 ,
Sivrce_2:: .

, .

.
( ). ,

.
.
//

#pragma once
namespace Sivrce_3
{
int ricxvi7;
namespace Sivrce_31
{
int ricxvi6;
}
namespace Sivrce_32
{
int ricxvi6;
}
}
//
234

...
//
Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31::ricxvi6 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31::ricxvi6.ToString() + " " + Sivrce_3::Sivrce_32::ricxvi6.ToString() +
" " + ricxvi7.ToString();
}
Sivrce_3 : Sivrce_31
Sivrce_32. using namespace Sivrce_3 ,
ricxvi7 . Sivrce_31 Sivrce_32

Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31:: Sivrce_3::Sivrce_32:: .
using namespace :
using namespace Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31;
:
label1->Text = ricxvi6.ToString() + " " + Sivrce_3::Sivrce_32::ricxvi6.ToString() + " " +
ricxvi7.ToString();
}
Sivrce_31 , ricxvi6
Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31:: .
using namespace using namespace Sivrce_3;
using namespace Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31; . , Sivrce_3
. Sivrce_31 . ,
:
#pragma once
namespace Sivrce_3
{
int ricxvi7;
namespace Sivrce_31
{
int ricxvi6;
}
namespace Sivrce_32
{
int ricxvi6;
}
}
//
235

using namespace Sivrce_3::Sivrce_31;
...
//
label1->Text = ricxvi6.ToString() + " " + Sivrce_3::Sivrce_32::ricxvi6.ToString() + " "
+ Sivrce_3::ricxvi7.ToString();
}
.
Bmw Opel .
( ),
.
//

//
Sivrce.h
//
Bmw
namespace Bmw
{
public ref class Manqana
{
public :
int ricxvi1;
System::String^ ManqanisMarka;
};
}
//
Opel
namespace Opel
{
public ref class Manqana
{
public :
int ricxvi1;
System::String^ ManqanisMarka;
};
}
//
Form1.h
Bmw::Manqana^ ChemiManqana1 = gcnew Bmw::Manqana;
ChemiManqana1->ManqanisMarka = L"BMW";
label1->Text = ChemiManqana1->ManqanisMarka->ToString();
236
Opel::Manqana^ ChemiManqana2 = gcnew Opel::Manqana;

ChemiManqana2->ManqanisMarka = L"Opel";
label2->Text = ChemiManqana2->ManqanisMarka->ToString();
}
, Manqana. , ,
. ,
Manqana , BMW :
Bmw::Manqana^ ChemiManqana1 = gcnew Bmw::Manqana;

, ,
ChemiManqana1->ManqanisMarka = L"BMW";
, .

.
//

namespace Saxelebis_Sivrce
{
//
Chadgmuli_Sivrce1
namespace Chadgmuli_Sivrce1
{
public ref class ChemiKlasi
{
public :
System::String^ Funqcia()
{
return " Chadgmuli_Sivrce1 ";
}
};
}
//
Chadgmuli_Sivrce2
namespace Chadgmuli_Sivrce2
{
public ref class ChemiKlasi
{
public :
System::String^ Funqcia()
{
return " Chadgmuli_Sivrce2 ";
}
};
}
}
Saxelebis_Sivrce::Chadgmuli_Sivrce1::ChemiKlasi^ obieqti1 = gcnew
Saxelebis_Sivrce::Chadgmuli_Sivrce1::ChemiKlasi;
237
Saxelebis_Sivrce::Chadgmuli_Sivrce2::ChemiKlasi^ obieqti2 = gcnew

Saxelebis_Sivrce::Chadgmuli_Sivrce2::ChemiKlasi;
label1->Text = obieqti1->Funqcia();
label2->Text = obieqti2->Funqcia();
}

(unnamed namespace).
. :
namespace {
//
}
.
. ,
, ,
. .
:
namespace {
int ricxvi;
}
void Funqcia() {
ricxvi = 75;
}
:
extern int ricxvi;
void Funqcia() {
ricxvi = 20;
//
238
10. -
-
- .NET . .
, . ,
, .
: Stream, FileStream, NetworkStream, MemoryStream, BufferedStream
CryptoStream. FileStream .
C++ - .
. .
C++ - -
, - . ,
. , - .
ASCII Unicode . ASCII 1 ,
Unicode - 2 . , C++ Char
2 , Byte (unsigned char) - 1 . ,
- .
C++ ,
, ..
Byte Char .
C++ ,
System::IO . , ,
, using namespace System::IO; .

C++ System::IO::Stream .

. 9.1 Stream
.
Stream ,
. ,
, , Seek() .
Stream
(9.2 ).
Stream ,
9.3 .
239
9.1. Stream
void Close()

void Flush()

int ReadByte()
1

int Read(array<Byte>^ , int ,

int _)

.

long long Seek(long long ,

SeekOrigin _)
,
void WriteByte(Byte )

void Write(array<Byte>^ , int ,

int _)
,
.
9.2. Stream
bool CanRead
true ,
. .
bool CanSeek
true ,
.
.
bool CanWrite
true , .
.
long long Length
.
.
long long Position
.
, .
9.3. Stream
BufferedStream

FileStream
, -

MemoryStream
,
240
9.4. TextReader
void Close()

int Peek()
, . -1-

int Read()

. -1-

int Read(array<Char>^ ,

int ,

int _)
.

int ReadBlock(array<Char>^ ,
int ,

int _)
. ,

String^ ReadLine()
C++
.
,

String^ ReadToEnd()

#
9.5. TextWriter
void Write(int )
int
void Write(double )
double
void Write(bool )
bool
void WriteLine(
,
String^ )

void WriteLine( uint ) uint

void WriteLine( Char
,
)

void Close()

void Flush()

9.6.

StreamReader

StreamWriter

StringReader

StringWriter

241

TextReader TextWriter
. -
.
9.4 TextReader . ,
ReadLine() , . 9.5 TextWriter
Write() WriteLine() .
TextReader TextWriter 9.6
. TextReader
TextWriter .

C++ , BinaryReader
BinaryWriter.
.
FileStream
-
-
- .
,
.

FileStream
. , :
FileStream(String^ _, FileMode::);
, _ , ,
, , "C:\\My Documents\\A1\\File1.txt".
.
9.7 .
testfile.dat .
using namespace
using namespace System::IO;
. .
{
//

FileStream^ file_in;
file_in = gcnew FileStream("filetest.txt", FileMode::Open);
file_in->Close();
}
242
//
//
9.7. FileMode
FileMode::Append

FileMode::Create
.

FileMode::CreateNew

FileMode::Open

FileMode::OpenOrCreate
, , ,

FileMode::Truncate
,
:
FileStream^ file_in = gcnew FileStream("filetest.dat", FileMode::Open);
,
. ,
:
file_in =
gcnew FileStream("C:\\My Documents\\Visual Studio Projects\\ A1\\filetest.txt", FileMode::Open);
,
:
FileStream(String^ _, FileMode::, FileAccess::_)
:
FileAccess::Read,
FileAccess::Write
FileAccess::ReadWrite. ,
FileStream^ file_in = gcnew FileStream("file1.txt",FileMode::Open,FileAccess::Read);
file1.txt .
Close()
.
.

FileStream , :
WriteByte() Write(). WriteByte() .
:
void WriteByte(Byte _)
Write() . :
void Write(array<Byte>^ , int , int _)
Write() ()
, .
,
. ,
. .
, .
. ,
. ,
, 128 .
243
,
.
, ,
. , Flush() . :
void Flush()
Close() .
, . , Close()
Flush() .
Write() filetext.txt
.
{
//
Write()
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte>(10) { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
FileStream^ file_out;
file_out = gcnew FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode::Create);
//
d_file.txt
file_out->Write(masivi, 2, 4);
file_out->Close();
}
filetext.txt masivi 4
(masivi[2]).
, file_out->Write(masivi,0,masivi->Length);
WriteByte()
:
{
//
WriteByte()
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte>(10) { 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 };
file_out = gcnew FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode::Create);
//
d_file.txt
file_out->WriteByte(masivi[indexi]);
file_out->Close();
}

FileStream ,
: ReadByte() Read(). ReadByte() :
int ReadByte()

( ). (EOF,
End Of File), -1.
Read() . :
244
int Read(array<Byte>^ , int , int _)

Read()
.
.
ReadByte()
. , filetext.txt :
1234567890 .
{
//
ReadByte()
int ricxvi;
FileStream^ file1 = gcnew FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode::Open);
// ,
for ( ; ricxvi != -1; )
//
ricxvi = -1,
{
ricxvi = file1->ReadByte();
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) label1->Text += (Char) ricxvi;
}
file1->Close();
}
Read()
. , filetext.txt : 1234567890 .
{
//
Read()
int wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba;
int pozicia = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text),
raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte>(10);
FileStream^ file1 = gcnew FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode::Open);
label1->Text = "";
//
masivi 4 -3
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1->Read(masivi, pozicia, raodenoba);
file1->Close();
label1->Text += masivi[indexi] + " ";
label2->Text = wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
, Read() : ,
. , masivi , pozicia raodenoba
. , pozicia 2, raodenoba - 4. ,
filetext.txt 4 masivi
(masivi[2]) . masivi :
0 0 49 50 51 52 0 0 0 0
,
:
label1->Text += (Char)masivi[indexi] + " ";
Read() , , ,
245
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba .
.
{
//

label1->Text = "";
int ricxvi;
//

file_in = gcnew FileStream("d_file.txt", FileMode::Open);
//

file_out = gcnew FileStream("s_file.txt", FileMode::Create);
//
file_in file_out
for ( ; ricxvi != -1; )
{
//
file_in
ricxvi = file_in->ReadByte();
//
file_out
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) file_out->WriteByte( ( Byte ) ricxvi );
label1->Text += (Char) ricxvi + " ";
}
//

file_in->Close();
file_out->Close();
}
-
.
Unicode . FileStream
StreamReader StreamWrtiter .

.
StreamWriter TextWriter . StreamReader TextReader
. , StreamWriter StreamReader
TextWriter TextReader .
StreamWriter

. FileStream StreamWriter
. .
:
StreamWriter(Stream^ _)
StreamWriter
. textBox
246
.
{
//
StreamWriter
String^ striqoni;
FileStream^ file_out = gcnew FileStream("text.txt", FileMode::Create);
//
StreamWriter^ file_stream_out = gcnew StreamWriter(file_out);
//
textBox striqoni
striqoni = textBox1->Text;
//
-
file_stream_out->Write(striqoni);
//
text.txt striqoni
file_stream_out->Close();
}
StreamReader

. FileStream StreamReader
. .
:
StreamReader(Stream^ _)
StreamReader
.
.
{
//

//
StreamReader
String^ striqoni;
FileStream^ file_in = gcnew FileStream("text.txt", FileMode::Open );
StreamReader^ file_stream_in = gcnew StreamReader(file_in);
for (; ( striqoni = file_stream_in->ReadLine() ) != nullptr; )
label1->Text += striqoni + "\n";
file_stream_in->Close();
}
, ReadLine()
nullptr . ,
.

() , int, double .., .
BinaryReader BinaryWriter .
.
247
BinaryWriter
BinaryWriter .
:
BinaryWriter(Stream^ _)
_ ,
. , FileStream .
BynaryWriter , C++
. 9.8
. , , Close() Flush() .
9.8. BinaryWriter
void Write(SByte )

void Write(Byte )

void Write(array<byte>^ )

void Write(short )

void Write(UInt16 )

void Write(int )

void Write(UInt32 )

void Write(long long )

void Write(UInt64 )

void Write(double )
double
void Write(Char )

void Write(array<Char>^ )
void Write(String^ )

BinaryReader
BinaryReader .
:
BinaryReader(Stream^ _)
_ ,
. , FileStream .
BinaryReader , C++
. 9.9
. , , Read() :
int Read() -
. -1.
int Read(byte[ ] , int , int _) -
.
.
int Read(char[ ] , int , int _) -
.
.
, , Close() .
248
9.9. BinaryReader
bool ReadBoolean()
bool
Byte ReadByte()
byte
SByte ReadSByte()
sbyte
array<Byte>^ ReadBytes(

int _)

Char ReadChar()
char
array<Char>^ ReadChars(

int _)
double ReadDouble()
double
float ReadSingle()
float
short ReadInt16()
short
int ReadInt32()
int
long long ReadInt64()
long
Uint16 ReadUInt16()
ushort
UInt32 ReadUInt32()
uint
UInt64 ReadUint64()
ulong
String^ ReadString()

BinaryReader BinaryWriter .
,
.
{
//
-
BinaryWriter^ file_out;
BinaryReader^ file_in;
int mteli1 = 10, mteli2;
double wiladi1 = 1001.47, wiladi2, wiladi3;
bool b1 = true, b2;
file_out = gcnew BinaryWriter( File::Open( "file1.dat", FileMode::Create ) );
//

file_out->Write(mteli1);
//

file_out->Write(wiladi1);
//

file_out->Write(b1);
//
10.2 * 2.3
file_out->Write(10.2 * 2.3);
file_out->Close();
//

file_in = gcnew BinaryReader( File::Open( "file1.dat", FileMode::Open ) );
//

249
mteli2 = file_in->ReadInt32();
label1->Text = mteli2.ToString();
//

wiladi2 = file_in->ReadDouble();
label2->Text = wiladi2.ToString();
//

b2 = file_in->ReadBoolean();
//

file_in->Close();
}

. ,
.
, , () . ,
, .
Seek().
:
long Seek(long _, SeekOrigin _)
_
() _ .
_ SeekOrigin
- (9.10 ).
9.10. _
Begin

Current

End

Seek()
.
-
. ,
.
{
//
-
FileStream^ file = gcnew FileStream("file.dat", FileMode::Create);
Char simbolo;
label1->Text = "";
//

for ( int i = 0; i < 26; i++ )
250
{
file->WriteByte((L'a' + i));
}
//

file->Seek(0, SeekOrigin::Begin);
//
simbolo = (char) file->ReadByte();
//
label1->Text += L" " + simbolo + "\n";
//
simbolo = (char) file->ReadByte();
//
file->Close();
}

System.IO , , File FileInfo . File
(9.11 ), FileInfo (9.12 ). File ,
, FileInfo
. 9.13 FileInfo .
, , ,
, .. . , -
.
. , FileInfo ,
File . , File
, . FileInfo
,
, .
251
9.11. File
StreamWriter^ AppendText(

String^ _)
void Copy(String^ _,

String^ _)
Filestream^ Create(String^ _)

StreamWriter^ CreateText(

String^ _)
void Delete(String^ _)

bool Exists(String^ _)

FileAttributes GetAttributes(

String^ _)
DateTime GetCreationTime(

String^ _)
DateTime GetLastAccessTime(

String^ _)
DateTime GetLastWriteTime(

String^ _)
void Move(String^ _,

String^ _)
FileStream^ Open(String^ _,

FileMode::)
FileStream^ OpenRead(

String^ _)
StreamReader^ OpenText(

String^ _)
FileStream^ OpenWrite(

String^ _)
void SetAttributes(

String^ _,
FileAttributes:: _ )
void SetCreationTime(

String^ _,
DateTime::_)
void SetLastAccessTime(

String^ _,
DateTime::__)
void SetLastWriteTime(

String^ _,
DateTime::__)
252
9.12. FileInfo
StreamWriter^ AppendText()

FileInfo^ CopyTo(String^ _)

FileStream^ Create()

StreamWriter^ CreateText()

void Delete()

void MoveTo(String^ _)

FileStream^ Open(FileMode::)

StreamReader^ OpenText()

FileStream^ OpenWrite()

9.13. FileInfo
Attributes
FileAttributes

CreationTime
DateTime

Directory
DirectoryInfo^
,
DirectoryName
String^
,
Exists
bool
, true , false
Extension
String^

FullName
String^

LastAccessTime
DateTime

LastWriteTime
DateTime

Length
long long

Name
String^

. File AppendText
.
{
//
File AppendText()
//

String^ path = "d_file.txt";
StreamWriter^ faili = File::AppendText(path);
faili->WriteLine(L"");
faili->WriteLine(L"");
faili->WriteLine(L"C++ ");
faili->Close();
}
File OpenText
.
{
253
//
File OpenText()
//

StreamReader^ faili = File::OpenText("d_file.txt");
String^ striqoni = "";
for ( ; ( striqoni = faili->ReadLine() ) != nullptr; )
label1->Text += striqoni + " ";
}
File Delete Copy
.
{
//
File Delete() Copy()
//

String^ path1 = "file1.txt";
String^ path2 = "file1.tmp";
array<Byte, 1>^ striqoni =
gcnew array<Byte, 1>(15) {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n'};
//
file1.txt
FileStream^ fs = File::Open(path1, FileMode:: Create);
fs->Write(striqoni, 0, striqoni->Length);
fs->Close();
//
file1.tmp
File::Delete(path2);
//
file1.txt file1.tmp
File::Copy(path1, path2);
label1->Text = path1 + L" " + path2 + L"";
fs->Close();
}
File GetAttributes()
.
{
//
File GetAttributes()
FileAttributes^ faili = File::GetAttributes("file1.txt");
label1->Text = FileAttributes::Hidden.ToString();
label2->Text = faili->ToString();
}
FileInfo .
{
//
FileInfo
System::IO::FileInfo^ obieqti = gcnew System::IO::FileInfo("file1.txt");
label1->Text += obieqti->Directory->ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->DirectoryName + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->FullName + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->Name + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->Extension + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->Length.ToString() + "\n";
254
label1->Text += obieqti->Exists.ToString() + "\n";

label1->Text += obieqti->CreationTime.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->LastAccessTime.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += obieqti->LastWriteTime.ToString() + "\n";
}

System::IO , , Directory DirectoryInfo
. Directory (9.14 ),
DirectoryInfo - (9.15 ). Directory
, ,
DirectoryInfo . 9.16
DirectoryInfo .
,
Directory .
,
, , .
textBox1->Text , ,
C:\\Windows. .
9.14. Directory
DirectoryInfo^ CreateDirectory(

String^ _)
void Delete(

String^ _)
bool Exists(

String^ _)
DateTime GetCreationTime(

String^ _)
String^ GetCurrentDirectory()

array<String^>^ GetDirectories(

String^ _)
String^ GetDirectoryRoot(

String^ _)

array<String^>^ GetFiles(

String^ _)

array<String^>^ GetFileSystemEntries(

String^ _)

DateTime GetLastAccessTime(

String^ _)
DateTime GetLastWriteTime(

String^ _)
255
9.14. ()
array<String^>^ GetLogicalDrives()
DirectoryInfo^ GetParent(
String^ _)
void Move(String^ __,
String^ __)
void SetCreationTime(String^ _,
DateTime::_)
void SetCurrentDirectory(
String^ _)
void SetLastAccessTime(String^ _,
DateTime::__)
void SetLastWritetTime(String^ _,
DateTime::__)
9.15. DirectoryInfo
void Create()

DirectoryInfo^ CreateSubdirectory(

String^ _)
void Delete()

array<DirectoryInfo^>^ GetDirectories()
array<FileInfo^>^ GetFiles()

void MoveTo(

String^ __)
9.16. DirectoryInfo
Attributes
FileAttributes

CreationTime
DateTime

Exist
bool

Extension
String^

FullName
String^

LastAccessTime
DateTime

LastWriteTime
DateTime

Name
String^

Parent
String^

Root
String^

{
//
//
, ,

256
//

label1->Text = "";
//

label1->Text = Directory::GetCurrentDirectory() + "\n";
//
.
//
textBox1->Text , C:\Windows
label1->Text = Directory::GetParent(textBox1->Text)->ToString()+ "\n";
//

Directory::SetCurrentDirectory(textBox1->Text);
//

array<String^>^ striqonebis_masivi_1 = gcnew array<String^> (100);
striqonebis_masivi_1 = Directory::GetFiles(textBox1->Text);
for each ( String^ s in striqonebis_masivi_1 )
label2->Text += s + "\n";
//

striqonebis_masivi_2 = Directory::GetDirectories(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text += s + '\n';
//

striqonebis_masivi_3 = Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
label1->Text += s + "\n";
}
,
. Move() ,
- , .
. .
{
//
,
label2->Text = "";
//

Directory::CreateDirectory(textBox1->Text);
//
.
Directory::Delete(textBox2->Text);
// . Move , .
//

Directory::Move(textBox3->Text, "C:\\Katalogi2");
}

DirectoryInfo . MoveTo() Katalogi3
Katalogi4 .
Katalogi3 .
{
//

257
//
, ,
label1->Text = "";
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\bb");
label1->Text += obj1->Name + "\n";
label1->Text += obj1->Attributes.ToString() + "\n";
//
Katalogi3 Katalogi4
obj1->MoveTo("C:\\Katalogi4");
}

, ,
. OpenFileDialog ,
System.Windows.Forms . ShowDialog()

. .
{
//
Open
label1->Text = "";
//

OpenFileDialog^ FailisGaxsna = gcnew OpenFileDialog();
if ( FailisGaxsna->ShowDialog() == System::Windows::Forms::DialogResult::OK )
{
FileInfo^ faili = gcnew FileInfo(FailisGaxsna->FileName);
label1->Text += faili->FullName + "\n";
label1->Text += faili->Length.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += faili->LastAccessTime.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += faili->DirectoryName + "\n";
}
}

Open . FailisGaxsna ShowDialog()
Open . ( .txt
) Open .
FailisGaxsna FileName .
{
//
Open
//

String^ striqoni;
OpenFileDialog^ FailisGaxsna = gcnew OpenFileDialog();
{
file_in = gcnew FileStream(FailisGaxsna->FileName, FileMode::Open );
258

for ( ; ( striqoni = file_stream_in->ReadLine() ) != nullptr; )
}
}

Save .
{
//
Save
//

String^ striqoni;
SaveFileDialog^ FailisGaxsna = gcnew SaveFileDialog();
{
file_out = gcnew FileStream(FailisGaxsna->FileName, FileMode::Create);
striqoni = textBox1->Text;
//
striqoni
file_stream_out->Write(striqoni);
}
}
NetworkStream
System.Net.Sockets .
.
.
. ()
. TCP/IP
. , :
01023 . , -80
HTTP .
102449151 .
4915265536 .
, ,
, .
Socket ,
System::Net::Sockets . TopListener
. TopClient
.
.
.
259
.
//

ref class Serveri {
//
Listen
public :
void Listen() {
System::Net::IPAddress^ Lokaluri_Host = System::Net::IPAddress::Parse("127.0.0.1");
//
50025
System::Net::Sockets::TcpListener^ obj_tcp =
gcnew System::Net::Sockets::TcpListener(Lokaluri_Host, 50025);
obj_tcp->Start();
//

for ( ; ; ) {
//

System::Net::Sockets::Socket^ Axali_Socketi = obj_tcp->AcceptSocket();
if ( Axali_Socketi->Connected ) {
//
NetworkStream
System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream^ Qseluri_Nakadi = gcnew
System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream(Axali_Socketi);
//

array<System::Byte>^ buferi = gcnew
array<System::Byte> (4) { ( System::Byte ) 's', ( System::Byte ) 'a', ( System::Byte ) 'b', ( System::Byte ) 'a' };
Qseluri_Nakadi->Write(buferi, 0, 4);
Qseluri_Nakadi->Flush();
Qseluri_Nakadi->Close();
}
//

Axali_Socketi->Close();
break;
}
}
};
//
//
,
Serveri^ Serveri_1 = gcnew Serveri();
Serveri_1->Listen();
}
TcpListener Start()
, AcceptSocket()
.
.
.
//

{
label1->Text = "";
//

260
System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient^ Klientis_Soketi = gcnew System::Net::Sockets::TcpClient("127.0.0.1",

50025);
//
NetworkStream
System::Net::Sockets::NetworkStream^ Qseluri_Nakadi = Klientis_Soketi->GetStream();
//

array<System::Byte>^ buferi = gcnew array<System::Byte> (100);
Qseluri_Nakadi->Read(buferi, 0, 100);
//

array<System::Char>^ buferi2 = gcnew array<System::Char> (100);
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++ ) buferi2[i] = ( char ) buferi[i];
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 100 ; i++ ) label1->Text += buferi2[i].ToString();
//

Qseluri_Nakadi->Close();
}
, TcpClient :
.
. GetStream() ,
NetworkStream . , NetworkStream
Read() .
, Serveri . ,
, Debug .exe
. . ,
Clienti . label1
". , .
, (
SocketException ), ,
50025 .
MemoryStream BufferedStream
MemoryStream BufferedStream
. ,
, . ,
6 .
4, 8 . BufferedStream ,
,
. BufferedStream
, . , BufferedStream

, .
Flush() BufferedStream
.
MemoryStream
.
.
{
261
//

//
MemoryStreamWrite MemoryStream
//

static void MemoryStreamWrite(System::IO::MemoryStream^ Nakadi, String^ FailisSaxeli) {
FileStream^ Gamosasvleli_Nakadi = File::OpenWrite(FailisSaxeli);
Nakadi->WriteTo(Gamosasvleli_Nakadi);
Gamosasvleli_Nakadi->Flush();
Gamosasvleli_Nakadi->Close();
}
//
String^ failis_saxeli = "mexsiereba";
//
MemoryStream
FileStream^ Shesasvleli_Nakadi = File::OpenRead(failis_saxeli + ".txt");
System::IO::MemoryStream^ Mexsierebis_Nakadi = gcnew System::IO::MemoryStream();
//

Mexsierebis_Nakadi->SetLength(Shesasvleli_Nakadi->Length);
Shesasvleli_Nakadi->Read(Mexsierebis_Nakadi->GetBuffer(), 0, (int)Shesasvleli_Nakadi->Length);
//

Mexsierebis_Nakadi->Flush();
Shesasvleli_Nakadi->Close();
//

MemoryStreamWrite(Mexsierebis_Nakadi, failis_saxeli + ".bak");
Mexsierebis_Nakadi->Close();
}
MemoryStream ,
.
SetLength() .
GetBuffer() .
, , BufferedStream .
:
//

{
String^ failis_saxeli = "buferi";
//

FileStream^ Shesasvleli_Faili = File::OpenRead(failis_saxeli + ".txt");
FileStream^ Gamosasvleli_Faili = File::OpenWrite(failis_saxeli + ".bak");
//

System::IO::BufferedStream^ Shemavali_Nakadi = gcnew System::IO::BufferedStream(Shesasvleli_Faili);
System::IO::BufferedStream^ Gamomavali_Nakadi = gcnew
System::IO::BufferedStream(Gamosasvleli_Faili);
array<System::Byte>^ buferi = gcnew array<System::Byte> (4096);
int WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba;
//

//

for ( ; WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba = Shemavali_Nakadi->Read(buferi, 0, 4096) > 0; )
Gamomavali_Nakadi->Write(buferi, 0, WakitxuliBaitebisRaodenoba);
262
//

Gamomavali_Nakadi->Flush();
Gamomavali_Nakadi->Close();
Shemavali_Nakadi->Close();
Gamosasvleli_Faili->Close();
Shesasvleli_Faili->Close();
}
, BufferedStream
FileStream ().
.
CryptoStream , -15 .
-

-. , . ,
, ,
. ,
- .
- -
(
-15 ). -
.
- .
- .
//
-
ref class Asinqronuli {
public :
//

static System::IO::FileStream^ ShesasvleliNakadi;
//

static System::AsyncCallback^ Delegati;
//

static array<System::Byte>^ buferi = gcnew array<System::Byte> (500000);
//
,
static void Damtavreba(System::IAsyncResult^ asyncResult) {
int bytesRead = ShesasvleliNakadi->EndRead(asyncResult);
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" " + bytesRead.ToString() + L" ");
}
};
//
String^ failis_saxeli = "asincronuli.txt";
//

Asinqronuli::ShesasvleliNakadi = gcnew FileStream(failis_saxeli, FileMode::Open, FileAccess::Read,
263
FileShare::None, 2048, true);

//

Asinqronuli::Delegati = gcnew AsyncCallback(Asinqronuli::Damtavreba);
//

Asinqronuli::ShesasvleliNakadi->BeginRead(Asinqronuli::buferi, 0, 500000, Asinqronuli::Delegati,
nullptr);
//

for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
label1->Text += i.ToString() + " ";
}
FileStream()
, .
. FileShare,
.
.
. ,
-
FileStream IsAsync :
if ( Asinqronuli::ShesasvleliNakadi->IsAsync == true )
label2->Text = L" -";
else label2->Text = L" -";
Delegati , Damtavreba() .
, BeginRead() .
, .
BeginRead() Damtavreba()
. EndRead()
. BeginRead()
, for .
, , ,
- .
264
11.

(exception),
. : , ,
, ..
. C++
(exception handling) ,
,
.
C++ .

Exception , System . C++
: CLR
- (Application) .
System.Exception , - System.ApplicationException .
10.1.

ArrayTypeMismatchException

Divide ByZeroException

IndexOutOfRangeException

InvalidCastException

OutOfMemoryException
new
OverflowException

StackOverflowException

10.2. Exception
HelpLink
String^
web,

Message
String^

Source
String^

StackTrace
String^

TargetSite
MethodBase^ ,

265
System
. 10.1
. Exception 10.2 .

: try, catch throw. , , . try
,
. catch .
throw .
try catch
try catch .
. :
try {
//
,
}
catch ( _1 ) {
//
ExcepType1
}
catch ( _2 ) {
//
ExcepType2
}
...
,
.
. catch ,
.
, ,
.
catch
, . try
catch .
catch .
catch ,
catch . catch
.
, , try

catch . catch
. , catch
.
, ,
, . .

.
//

266
{
array <Int32>^ masivi = gcnew array<Int32>(5);
int indexi = 7;
try
{
label1->Text = L" ";
//

masivi[indexi] = 20;
}
//

catch (IndexOutOfRangeException^ arg1)
{
label2->Text = L" " + arg1->ToString();
}
}

catch . catch , try
. ,
label3.Text = " ";
, ,
. catch ,
catch . , ,
.
catch .
,
.

.
, catch
catch .

.
, C++-
. , ,
.
.
{
//

masivi[0] = 5; //
masivi[6] = 20; //
}

(.10.1).
267
.10.1
, ,
. ,
.
, catch
.
.
(DivideByZeroException) . ,
, IndexOutOfRangeException
, catch . ,
.
//

//

{
int ricxvi;
try
{
label1->Text = " ";
masivi[7] = 20;
//

ricxvi = 10;
//

}
//

catch ( DivideByZeroException^ )
{
label2->Text = " ";
}
}
-
,
.
268
DivideByZeroException
.
. ,
. , label .
//

{
array <Int32>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Int32>{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 };
array <Int32>^ masivi3 = gcnew array<Int32>(5);
label1->Text = "";
for ( int ind = 0; ind < masivi1.Length; ind++ )
try
{
masivi3[ind] = masivi1[ind] / masivi2[ind];
}
{
label2->Text += L" ! \n";
}
}
try ,
.
try catch

. , Debug (
.exe ) .txt
.
{
//

int ricxvi;
FileStream^ file1;
//
try
try
{
file1 = gcnew FileStream("filetext.txt", FileMode::Open);
}
catch (FileNotFoundException^ arg1)
{
label1->Text = arg1->Message;
return;
}
//
, EOF
do
269
{
//
try
try
{
ricxvi = file1->ReadByte();
}
catch ( IOException^ arg1 )
{
return;
}
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) label3->Text += ( Char ) ricxvi;
}
while ( ricxvi != -1 );
//
ricxvi = -1,
file1->Close();
}

. BinaryReader BinaryWriter .
{
//

int ricxvii1 = 10, ricxvii2;
double wiladi1 = 1001.47, wiladi2, wiladi3;
bool b1 = true, b2;
//
try
try
{
file_out = gcnew BinaryWriter(gcnew FileStream("file1.dat", FileMode::Create));
}
catch (IOException^ arg1)
{
MessageBox::Show(arg1->Message + L"\n ");
return;
}
//
try
try
{
//

file_out->Write(ricxvii1);
//

file_out->Write(wiladi1);
//

file_out->Write(b1);
//
10.2 * 2.3
file_out->Write(10.2 * 2.3);
}
{
270

return;
}
file_out->Close();
//
try
{
file_in = gcnew BinaryReader(gcnew FileStream("file1.dat",FileMode::Open));

}
{
return;
}
try
{
//

ricxvii2 = file_in->ReadInt32();
label1->Text = ricxvii2.ToString();
//

//

b2 = file_in->ReadBoolean();
//

}
{
return;
}
file_in->Close();
}
-
. Seek().
{
//
11.7
//
-
FileStream^ file;
//
try
try
{
file = gcnew FileStream("file.dat",FileMode::Create);
}
catch (FileNotFoundException^ arg1)
271
{
return;
}
Char simbolo;
label1->Text = "";
//

for ( int i = 0; i < 26; i++ )
{
//
try
try
{
file->WriteByte((Byte) ('a' + i));
}
{
return;
}
}
//
try
try
{
ile->Seek(0, SeekOrigin::Begin);
//

simbolo = (Char) file->ReadByte();
//

//

simbolo = (Char) file->ReadByte();
//

}
{
return;
}
file->Close();
}
catch
try catch . ,
catch .

.
//
catch
{
272
array <Int32>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Int32>{ 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 };

label1->Text = "";
for ( int ind = 0; ind < masivi1->Length; ind++ )
try
{
}
{
}
//
catch
catch ( IndexOutOfRangeException^ )
{
}
}
catch , .
, catch
. catch .

. , catch ,
. IndexOutOfRangeException
DivideByZeroException
catch .
//

{
label1->Text = "";
label2->Text = "";
try
{
}
//
catch
273
catch (...)
{
label2->Text = L" !";
}
}
try
try . try
, try catch
, try .
IndexOutOfRangeException , catch
, catch .
//
try
{
try
{
{
try
{
}
{
}
}
}
{
}
}

try . , . try catch .
, try ,
try - . , ,
try catch ,
try .
274

C++
. ,
, , throw . :
throw _;
_ throw
. throw
. int
throw .
//
throw
{
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, shedegi;
try
{
//

if ( ricxvi2 == 0 ) throw 0;
else shedegi = ricxvi1 / ricxvi2;
}
catch ( int par )
{
label1->Text = L" ! \n - " +
par.ToString(); // 25
}
//
try-catch
}
, try ,
try .
.
ref class Klasi {
public :
void Funqcia(int par) {
if ( par < 0 ) throw par + 10;
}
};
//
try {
obj->Funqcia(ricxvi);
}
catch(int par) {
275
label1->Text = L" - " + par.ToString();

}
}
try :
ref class Klasi {
public : void Funqcia(int par) {
try {
}
catch(int par) {
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" - " + par.ToString());
}
}
};
//
obj->Funqcia(ricxvi);
}
, throw
. ,
try/catch .
,
.
catch ,
.
catch , catch catch
.
.
//

ref class Klasi {
public :
try {
}
catch(int) {
throw;
}
}
};
//
try {
276
obj->Funqcia2(ricxvi);
}
catch (int) {
label1->Text += L" ";
}
}
.NET .

. , ,
.
, , .
button label . button
, :
{
int jami = 0;
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 3, 1, 8, -4, 1 };
for (int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++)
jami += masivi[indexi];
}

(),
. ( )
.

. .
, ,
F9 . .
for
F9 . (. 10.2).
F9 .
. ,
.
F5 .
, Ctrl+F5 . F5 .
. button .
. (int
indexi = 0;) (. 10.3).
.
277

, .
.
Autos . (. 10.4).
, Debug , Windows Autos
(DebugWindowsAutos). Windows
. ,
. indexi,
masivi masivi.Length .
, , . Autos
masivi + ,
.
. 10.2.
278
. 10.3.
279
. 10.4.
280
. 10.5.
281
Locals . (. 10.3).
Locals . ,
DebugWindowsLocals . ,
.
indexi, jami masivi .
Watch . (. 10.5).
Watch . ,
DebugWindowsWatchWatch1 .
. ,
. Watch

Add Watch . jami Watch
.

.
F10 DebugStep Over .
, F11
DebugStep Into .
DebugStep Out Shift+F11 .
.
ChemiKlasi , Gamravleba()
.
. :
public : int Gamravleba(array<int>^ mas1)
{
int namravli = 1;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < mas1->Length; indexi++ )
namravli *= mas1[indexi];
return namravli;
}
};
button . ,
Gamravleba() :
{
ChemiKlasi^ obieqti = gcnew ChemiKlasi();
int shedegi = obieqti->Gamravleba(masivi);
}
, Gamravleba()
(. 10.6). F5 . .
button . . ,
Gamravleba() F11 (.
10.7). .
282
. 10.6.
283
. 10.7.
284
12.
Unicode . Unicode
2 16 . System::String
. String . (String
) .
,
striqoni String ,
(" ") . ,
striqoni - "
".
, () 0.
:
label1->Text = striqoni[2].ToString();
label "".
striqoni textBox :
String^ striqoni = textBox1->Text;
, , Length .
( ):
{
String^ striqoni2 = L"\n\n";
label1->Text = striqoni1->Length.ToString();
//
9
label2->Text = striqoni2->Length.ToString();
//
13
}
:
String^ striqoni = L" \n ";
label1
"", - "".
11.1. String
Length
int

285
11.2. String
static int Compare(String^ 1,

String^ 2)
.

static int CompareOrdinal(String^ 1, . String^ 2)

static String^ Concat(String^ 1,

String^ 2)
static String^ Copy(String^ )

static bool Equal(String^ 1,
true ,
String^ 2)
, - false
static String^ Format(String^ ,

Object^ )

static String^ Intern(String^ )

static String^ IsInterned(String^ )

static String^ Join(String^ ,
array<String^>^ )

virtual int CompareTo(String^ )

sealed
void CopyTo(int _,

array<Char>^ _,
int _, int )
Unicode
bool EndsWith(String^ )

Type^ GetType()

int IndexOf(String^ )
,

int IndexOfAny(array<Char>^ )
,

String^ Insert(int ,
String^ )

286
11.2. ()
int LastIndexOf(String^ )
int LastIndexOfAny(array<Char>^ )
String^ PadLeft(int , Char )
String^ PadRight(int , Char )
String^ Remove(int _,
int )
String^ Replace(String^ _,
String^ _)
array<String^>^ Split(
array<Char>^ )
bool StartsWith(String^ )
String^ Substring(int _,
int )
array<Char>^ ToCharArray()
String^ ToLower()
virtual String^ ToString()
String^ ToUpper()
String^ Trim()
String^ TrimEnd(array<Char>^ )
String^ TrimStart(array<Char>^ )
,
,

,

,

,

,

.

287

String 11.1 11.2 .
.
Insert, Remove Replace
.
{
//
Insert, Remove Replace
String^ str1;
String^ str2 = L"C++ ";
String^ str3 = L" ";
str1 = str2->Insert(17, str3);
//
"C++ "
label1->Text = str1;
str1 = str2->Remove(3, 14);
// "C++ "
str1 = str2->Replace(L" ", str3); // "C++ "
}
str1 = str2->Insert(17, str3); str2
.
. Insert . str2 -17
str3 , "" . ,
- "C++ ", str1 .
+ ()
. :
{
String^ striqoni2 = L"";
String^ striqoni = striqoni1 + striqoni2 + striqoni3;
}
striqoni - "
".
== .
Copy, CompareTo, IndexOf, LastIndexOf, Substring
.
{
//
Copy, CompareTo, IndexOf, LastIndexOf, Substring
//

String^ striqoni1;
String^ striqoni3 = textBox1->Text;
int shedegi, indexi;
//
striqoni2 striqoni1
striqoni1 = String::Copy(striqoni2);
288
striqoni1 = striqoni2->Substring(9, 13);

//
" "
indexi = striqoni2->IndexOf(L"");
label3->Text = indexi.ToString();
indexi = striqoni2->LastIndexOf(L"");
//
//
19
//
striqoni2 striqoni4
shedegi = striqoni2->CompareTo(striqoni3);
if ( shedegi == 0 ) label5->Text = L" ";
else if ( shedegi > 0 ) label5->Text = L" striqoni2 > striqoni3";
else label5->Text = L" striqoni2 < striqoni3";
}
Compare() Equals() . Equals()
true , - false .
:
static bool Equals(String^ 1, String^ 2)
:
{
bool shedegi = striqoni1->Equals(striqoni2);
if ( shedegi == true ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
Compare() ,
. , 1.
, -1. ,
0. .
.
Compare() :
static int Compare(String^ 1, String^ 2)
:
{
int shedegi = String::Compare(striqoni1, striqoni2);
}
Compare()
. :
static int Compare(String^ 1, String^ 2,
bool )
true ,
. false ,
289
.
:
{
int shedegi = String::Compare(striqoni1, striqoni2, true);
}
Compare()
(). :
static int Compare(String^ 1, int 1, String^ 2, int 2,
int _)
.
{
int shedegi = String::Compare(striqoni1, 5, striqoni2, 5, 4);
}
Concat() .
{
String^ striqoni2 = String::Concat(striqoni1, L" ");
String^ striqoni3 = striqoni2 + L" ";
}
,
+ .
Format()
, 11.3 .
11.3.

f F

e E

p P

n N

c C

d D

g G

x X

290
Format() .
{
//
Format()
label1->Text = "";
String^ striqoni;
int mteli = 12;
Decimal valuta = 1234567;
striqoni = String::Format("{0:D5}\n", mteli);
//
00012
striqoni = String::Format("{0:X}\n", mteli);
//
C
striqoni = String::Format("{0:P3}\n", mteli);
//
1 200,000%
striqoni = String::Format("{0:C3}\n", valuta);
//
1 234 567, 000 Lari
striqoni = String::Format("{0:F3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1234,568
striqoni = String::Format("{0:F3}\n", wiladi_f);
//
1234,568
striqoni = String::Format("{0:P3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
123 456,789%
striqoni = String::Format("{0:E3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1,235E+003
striqoni = String::Format("{0:N3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1 234,568
striqoni = String::Format("{0:G3}\n", wiladi_d);
//
1,23E+03
}
{0:F3} "0" ,
. ,
3 . - wiladi_f,
1.
{
String^ striqoni = String::Format("{1:F3}\n", wiladi_d, wiladi_f);
//
1234,568
label1->Text = striqoni;}
,
. ,
{
String^ striqoni = String::Format("{0:F}\n", wiladi_f);
//
1234,56
}
Join() .
291
{
array<String^>^ striqonebis_masivi = { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
String^ striqoni = String::Join("-", striqonebis_masivi);
//
striqoni = "---"
}
Split() .
{
String^ striqoni = L",: .";
array<Char>^ simbolo = { ' ', ',', '.', ':' };
array<String^>^ shedegi;
shedegi = striqoni->Split(simbolo);
for each ( String^ sityva in shedegi )
{
if ( sityva->Trim() != L"" )
label1->Text += sityva + L'\n';
//
shedegi = " "
}
}
StartWith() EndWith()
.
{
//
StartWith() EndWith()
String^ striqoni1;
String^ striqoni2;
striqoni1 = textBox1->Text;
striqoni2 = textBox2->Text;
if ( striqoni1->StartsWith(striqoni2) )
label1->Text = L" " + striqoni2 + L" ";
else label1->Text = L" " + striqoni2 + L" ";
if ( striqoni1->EndsWith(striqoni2) )
label2->Text = L" " + striqoni2 + L" ";
else label2->Text = L" " + striqoni2 + L" ";
}
IndexOfAny() LastIndexOfAny()
. :
int IndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _)
int LastIndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _)

. :
int IndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _, int )
int LastIndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _, int )

. :
int IndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _, int _,
int _)
int LastIndexOfAny(array<Char>^ _, int _,
int _)
292
.
{
//
array<Char>^ simboloebis_masivi = { L'', L'' };
String^ striqoni1 = L", ";
int indexi1 = striqoni1->IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi);
int indexi2 = striqoni1->LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi);
label1->Text = indexi1.ToString() + " " + indexi2.ToString();
//
//
indexi1 = 3
indexi2 = 17
int indexi3 = striqoni1->IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5);

int indexi4 = striqoni1->LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5);
label2->Text += indexi3.ToString() + " " + indexi4.ToString();
//
//
indexi3 = 6
indexi4 = 3
int indexi5 = striqoni1->IndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5, 6);

//
indexi5 = 6
int indexi6 = striqoni1->LastIndexOfAny(simboloebis_masivi, 5, 6);
//
indexi5 = 3
label3->Text += indexi5.ToString() + " " + indexi6.ToString();
}
PadLeft() PadRight()
.
{
String^ striqoni1 = striqoni2->PadLeft(10, L'*');
//
striqoni1 = "******"
String^ striqoni3 = striqoni2->PadRight(10, L'*');
//
striqoni3 = "******"
label1->Text = striqoni1->ToString();
}
Trim(), TrimStart() TrimEnd() . Trim()
, ,
. :
String^ Trim()

. :
String^ Trim( array<Char>^ _)
String^ TrimStart(array<Char>^ _)
String^ TrimEnd(array<Char>^ _)
Trim(), TrimStart() TrimEnd()
.
{
String^ striqoni2;
String^ striqoni3;
String^ striqoni4 = L";,.,;";
array<Char>^ simboloebi = { L'.', L';', L',' };
label1->Text = striqoni4->Trim(simboloebi);
striqoni2 = striqoni4->TrimStart(simboloebi);
//
293
striqoni2 = ".,;"
striqoni3 = striqoni4->TrimEnd(simboloebi);
//
striqoni3 = ";,"
}
ToLower() ToUpper()
.
{
String^ striqoni1 = "ANA SABA";
String^ striqoni2 = "lika romani";
label1->Text = striqoni1->ToLower();
label2->Text = striqoni2->ToUpper();
}
//
//
"ana saba"
"LIKA ROMANI"

striqonebis_masivi
. .
{
//

array<String^>^ striqonebis_masivi = { L" ", L" ", L"" };
//
label
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < striqonebis_masivi->Length; indexi++ )
label1->Text += striqonebis_masivi[indexi] + " ";
//

striqonebis_masivi[0] = L" ";
striqonebis_masivi[1] = L" ";
striqonebis_masivi[2] = textBox1->Text;
label1->Text += L'\n';
//
label
for each ( String^ striqoni in striqonebis_masivi )
label1->Text += striqoni + " ";
}

String - ,
, ..
.
, :
striqoni1[1] = L'';
, ,
, . ,
Replace Substring .
.
{
//

294
String^ str1 = L"";

String^ str2;
String^ str3;
//
str1[0] = '';
str2 = str1->Replace(L'', L'');
str3 = str1->Substring(2, 3);
str1 = str1->Replace(L"", L"");
//
// str2
// str3
// .
// str1
}

StringBuilder
. ,
, .
System::Text::StringBuilder . StringBuilder ,
.
, String ,
. , ,
:
using namespace System::Text;

StringBuilder ,
.
. -
:
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni1 = gcnew StringBuilder();
, StringBuilder
, :
System::Text::StringBuilder^
16 .
.
. ,
{
int Tevadoba = 25;
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni2 = gcnew StringBuilder(Tevadoba);
}
, ,
. ,
{
int Tevadoba = 25;
295
int MaxTevadoba = 100;

StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni3 = gcnew StringBuilder(Tevadoba, MaxTevadoba);
}
2147483647-
.
,
. ,
{
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni4 = gcnew StringBuilder(striqoni);
}
;
, ;
:
{
String^ Striqoni = L" ";
int Tevadoba = 50;
int SawyisiIndexi = 4;
int SimboloebisRaodenoba = 7;
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni5 =
gcnew StringBuilder(Striqoni, SawyisiIndexi, SimboloebisRaodenoba, Tevadoba);
label1->Text = DinamiuriStriqoni5->ToString();
//
DinamiuriStriqoni5 = " "
}
11.4. StringBuilder
Capacity
int

Length
int

MaxCapacity
int

11.5. StringBuilder
Append(Object^ ) StringBuilder^

AppendFormat(
StringBuilder^

String^ ,

Object^ )
EnsureCapacity(int
int
,
)

296
11.5. ()
Equals(Object^ )
bool
GetType()
Insert(Object^ )
Type^
StringBuilder^
Remove(
int _,
int )
StringBuilder^
Replace(
StringBuilder^
String^ _,
String^ _)
ToString()
String^
true
,
- false
StringBuilder
11.4 11.5 .
.
Append() AppendFormat() . Append()
.
, , bool, byte, int, double .. Append()
:
StringBuilder^ Append()
.

.
{
//

int ricxvi = 5;
bool logikuri = true;
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni = gcnew StringBuilder();
DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(striqoni);
//
DinamiuriStriqoni = " "
DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(wiladi);
//
DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765"
DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(logikuri);
//
DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765true"
DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(ricxvi);
//
DinamiuriStriqoni = " 2.8765true5"
label1->Text = DinamiuriStriqoni->ToString();
}
Append()
. :
StringBuilder^ Append(Char , int _)
297
, DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(L'', 10);
DinamiuriStriqoni 10 '' .

. :
StringBuilder^ Append(
String^ , int _, int _)
, DinamiuriStriqoni->Append(L" ", 4, 7);
DinamiuriStriqoni " ".
AppendFormat()
. :
StringBuilder^ AppendFormat(String^ , Object^ )

. :
{
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni = gcnew StringBuilder();
DinamiuriStriqoni->AppendFormat("{0, 5:f2}", wiladi);
label1->Text = DinamiuriStriqoni->ToString();
}
AppendFormat() DinamiuriStriqoni
" 2.88". 5
, 2 - .
, 2 , , - 2.
0 , , - wiladi.
Insert()
. Insert() :
StringBuilder^ Insert( int , String^ )
, DinamiuriStriqoni->Insert(5, L", ");
DinamiuriStriqoni -5 ", " .
, ,
. Insert() :
StringBuilder^ Insert( int , String^ , int _)
, DinamiuriStriqoni->Insert(5, ", ", 4);
DinamiuriStriqoni -5 4- ", " .
Remove() .
. :
StringBuilder^ Remove(int _,
int _)
.
{
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni1 = gcnew StringBuilder(L" ");
DinamiuriStriqoni1->Remove(3, 4);
//
DinamiuriStriqoni1 = ""
label1->Text = L"DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " + DinamiuriStriqoni1->ToString();
}
Replace() .
. :
StringBuilder^ Replace(String^ _,
String^ _)
{
298
StringBuilder^ DinamiuriStriqoni1 = gcnew StringBuilder(L" ");

DinamiuriStriqoni1->Replace(L'', L'');
//
DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " "
label1->Text += L"DinamiuriStriqoni1 = " + DinamiuriStriqoni1->ToString();
}
ToString() . .
:
virtual String^ ToString() override
, String^ striqoni = DinamiuriStriqoni->ToString();
DinamiuriStriqoni .
299
II . C++
13. ,

System::DateTime .
12.1 12.2 . Ticks ,
"", (
). 100- .
DateTime . ,
DateTime () .
- , :
{
int weli = 2005;
int tve = 3;
int dge = 19;
//
Tarigi , ,
DateTime^ Tarigi = gcnew DateTime(weli, tve, dge);
label1->Text = Tarigi->Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Day.ToString();
}
, , , , :
{
int weli = 2005;
int tve = 3;
int dge = 19;
int saati = 20;
int wuti = 30;
int wami = 25;
int miliwami = 45;
//
Tarigi ,
//
, , , , ,
DateTime^ Tarigi = gcnew DateTime(weli, tve, dge, saati, wuti, wami, miliwami);
label1->Text = Tarigi->Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Day.ToString() +
" " + Tarigi->Hour.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Minute.ToString() + " " +
Tarigi->Second.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Millisecond.ToString();
}
DateTime
- System::Globalization::Calendar . Calendar
, , .
, Calendar . :
EastAsianLunisolarCalendar, GregorianCalendar, HebrewCalendar, HijriCalendar, JapaneseCalendar,
JapaneseLunisolarCalendar, JulianCalendar, KoreanCalendar, KoreanLunisolarCalendar, PersianCalendar, TaiwanCalendar, TaiwanLunisolarCalendar, ThaiBuddhistCalendar, UmAlQuraCalendar.
300
JulianCalendar :
{
System::Globalization::JulianCalendar^ Kalendari = gcnew System::Globalization::JulianCalendar();
System::DateTime^ Tarigi = gcnew System::DateTime(2005, 3, 19, Kalendari);
label1->Text = Tarigi->Year.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Month.ToString() + " " + Tarigi->Day.ToString();
}
12.1. DateTime
Now
DateTime

()
Today
DateTime
.
()
00:00:00
UtcNow()
DateTime

()
Date
DateTime
. 00:00:00
Day
int
131
DayOfWeek
DayOfWeek 0 () 6 ()
DayOfYear
int
1366
Hour
int
023
Millisecond
int
0999
Minute
int
059
Month
int
112
Second
int
059
Ticks
long long
(100- ) , 0001 1

TimeOfDay
TimeSpan

Year
int
19999
.
Now UtcNow . Now
. UtcNow UTC (Universal
Coordinated Time) , , , (GMT - Greenwich Mean
Time) . - - .
(PST - Pacific Standard Time)
. .
{
//
Now UtcNow
DateTime^ Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime::Now;
DateTime^ Tarigi_Dro2 = DateTime::UtcNow;
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1->Day.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro1->Month.ToString() + " "
+ Tarigi_Dro1->Year.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro2->Day.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro2->Month.ToString() + " "
+ Tarigi_Dro2->Year.ToString();
}
301
12.2. DateTime

Compare(
int
DateTime .
DateTime _1,
DateTime _2)
()
DaysInMonth(
int

int , int )

()
Equals(
bool
DateTime
DateTime _1,
DateTime _2)
FromFileTime(
DateTime
DateTime ,
long long _)

()
FromOADate(
DateTime
DateTime ,
double )
OLE
()
IsLeapYear(int )
bool
true-, ,
()
false-
Parse(
DateTime

String^ _)
DateTime ()

Add(TimeSpan
DateTime
DateTime
_)
TimeSpan
AddDays(double
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddHours(
DateTime
DateTime
double

_)
AddMilliseconds(double
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddMinutes(double
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddMonths(int
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddSeconds(double
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddTicks(long long
DateTime
DateTime
_)

AddYears(int
DateTime
DateTime
_)

302
12.2. ()
CompareTo(
int
DateTime )
GetDateTimeFormats()
array<String^>^
GetType()
Subtract(
DateTime )
Type^
TimeSpan
ToFileTime()
long long
ToLocalTime()
DateTime
ToLongDateString()
String^
ToLongTimeString()
String^
ToOADate()
double
ToShortDateString()
String^
ToShortTimeString()
String^
ToString()
String^
ToUniversalTime()
DateTime
DateTime
.
DateTime
,

DateTime
TimeSpan
DateTime

DateTime

DateTime

DateTime
OLE
DateTime

DateTime

DateTime

Date, Day, DayOfWeek, DayOfYear TimeOfDay

.
{
//
Date, Day, DayOfWeek, DayOfYear, TimeOfDay
//

DateTime^ Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime::Now;
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1->Date.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1->Day.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1->DayOfWeek.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1->DayOfYear.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1->TimeOfDay.ToString() + "\n";
}
Compare() DateTime .
, 1. ,
-1. , 0. :
DateTime::Compare(_1, _2)
303
_1 _2 DateTime ,
. :
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1( DateTime::Now );
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2( 2007, 1, 27 );
int Shedegi = DateTime::Compare(Tarigi_Dro1, Tarigi_Dro2);
switch ( Shedegi )
{
case -1 : label1->Text = L" "; break;
case 0 : label1->Text = L" "; break;
case 1 : label1->Text = L" "; break;
}
}
DateTime , ,
: >, >=, <, <=, ==, != . ,
if ( Tarigi_Dro1 == Tarigi_Dro2 ) label1->Text = L" ";
else label1.Text = " ";
Equals() DateTime . ,
true, - false. ,
. :
DateTime::Equals(_1, _2)
_1 _2 DateTime . .
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1(DateTime::Now);
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2(2007, 1, 27);
bool Shedegi = DateTime::Equals(Tarigi_Dro1, Tarigi_Dro2);
if ( Shedegi == true ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
Equals() :
dateTime.Equals(_2)
dateTime DateTime . :
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime::Now;
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2(2007, 1, 27);
bool Shedegi = Tarigi_Dro1.Equals(Tarigi_Dro2);
if ( Shedegi == true ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
DaysInMonth() .
:
DateTime::DaysInMonth(, )
:
{
int DgeebisRaodenoba = DateTime::DaysInMonth(2007, 3);
label1->Text = DgeebisRaodenoba.ToString();
// DgeebisRaodenoba = 31
}
304
IsLeapYear() true- false- .

:
DateTime::IsLeapYear()
:
{
bool ArisNakiani = DateTime::IsLeapYear(2009);
if ( ArisNakiani == true ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
Parse() DateTime
. :
DateTime::Parse()
:
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1 = DateTime::Parse("10/5/2000");
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = DateTime::Parse("10/5/2000 8:30:35");
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro2.ToString();
}
Add() Subtract() . Add() DateTime
TimeSpan . Subtract() DateTime
TimeSpan . :
dateTime.Add(_)
dateTime.Subtract(_)
_ TimeSpan . :
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali(1, 5, 10, 20);
DateTime Tarigi_Dro1(2007, 5, 15, 17, 35, 30);
DateTime Tarigi_Dro2 = Tarigi_Dro1.Add(Drois_Intervali);
// 16.05.2007 22:45:50
DateTime Tarigi_Dro3 = Tarigi_Dro1.Subtract(Drois_Intervali);
// 14.05.2007 12:25:10
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro2.ToString() + " " + Tarigi_Dro3.ToString();
}
: 1 , 5 , 10
20 . Tarigi_Dro1 : 2007 15 , 17 , 35 30
. Add() Tarigi_Dro1 Drois_Intervali .
, Tarigi_Dro2 - 16.05.2007 22:45:50. Subtract()
Tarigi_Dro1 Drois_Intervali . ,
Tarigi_Dro3 - 14.05.2007 12:25:10.
"+" "-"
. :
DateTime Tarigi_Dro4 = Tarigi_Dro1 + Drois_Intervali;
DateTime Tarigi_Dro5 = Tarigi_Dro1 - Drois_Intervali;
305
12.3.
d
,

Dd
,
ddd

dddd

f
. "f" . .
M
,

MM
,
MMM

MMMM

y
. 10-
Yy
. 10-
yyyy

Gg
.
h
, ,

Hh
, ,
H
, , ,
HH
, , ,
m
, ,
mm
, ,
s
, ,
ss
, ,
t
A.M./P.M
tt
A.M./P.M
zz
, ,
zzz
.

AddYears(), AddMonths(), AddDays(), AddHours() AddMinutes() .
DateTime , , ,
. double . :
{
306
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString() + "\n";

Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddYears(3);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddMonths(2);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddDays(10);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddHours(7);
Tarigi_Dro1 = Tarigi_Dro1.AddMinutes(40);
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString();
}
ToLongDateString(), ToShortDateString(), ToLongTimeString()
ToShortTimeString() .
{
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToLongDateString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToShortDateString()+"\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToLongTimeString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToShortTimeString();
}
String() . DateTime
. :
dateTime.ToString()
:
{
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString();
}
ToString() (),
DateTime . ToString()
:
dateTime.ToString()
:
{
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro1.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString("MM/dd/yy");
label1->Text += Tarigi_Dro1.ToString("D");
}
, , "02.03.07". 02
, 03 - , 07 - .
-, - "D".
12.3 12.4
.
307
12.4.
d
MM/dd/yyyy
03.19.2007
D
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy
2007 04 02,
f
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm
2007 04 02, 9:36
F
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm:ss
2007 04 02, 9:36:51
g
MM/dd/yyyy/ HH:mm
04.02.2007 9:36:51
G
MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss
04.02.2007 9:36
m, M
MMMM dd
04 02
r, R
ddd, dd MM yyyy HH':'mm':'ss 'GMT'
Sun, 04 Feb 2007 09:42:17 GMT
s
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd'T'HH':'mm':'ss
2007-02-04T09:42:17
t
HH:mm
9:42
T
HH:mm:ss
9:42:17
u
yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'Z'
2007-02-04 09:42:17Z
U
dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy HH:mm:ss
2007 04 02, 5:42:17
y, Y
yyyy, MMMM
2007

, , .
System::TimeSpan .
. :
TimeSpan(int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int , int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int , int , int , int , int )
TimeSpan(int )
.
{
//
,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1(5, 15, 45);
//
, ,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2(2, 5, 15, 45);
//
, , ,
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3(2, 5, 15, 45, 80);
//

TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4(1000);
}
TimeSpan DateTime .
,
{
DateTime Tarigi_Dro(2009, 04, 12);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1(2, 5, 15, 45);
Tarigi_Dro += Drois_Intervali1;
//
Tarigi_Dro = 14.04.2009 5:15:45
label1->Text = Tarigi_Dro.ToString();
}
308
.
Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Milliseconds Ticks
.
{
//
Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, Milliseconds
//
Ticks
label1->Text = Drois_Intervali1.Days.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.Hours.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.Minutes.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.Seconds.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.Milliseconds.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.Ticks.ToString() + "\n";
}
Days Milliseconds ,
Drois_Intervali1 .
TimeSpan 12.5 12.6 .
12.5. TimeSpan
Days
int
TimeSpan
Hours
int
TimeSpan
Milliseconds
int
TimeSpan
Minutes
int
TimeSpan
Seconds
int
TimeSpan
Ticks
long long
TimeSpan
TotalDays
double
TimeSpan
TotalHours
double
TimeSpan
TotalMilliseconds
double
TimeSpan
TotalMinutes
double
TimeSpan
TotalSeconds
double
TimeSpan
309
12.6. TimeSpan
Compare(
int
TimeSpan 1,
TimeSpan .

TimeSpan 2)
()
Equals(
bool
TimeSpan 1,
TimeSpan .

TimeSpan 2)
FromDays(
TimeSpan
double _)
TimeSpan ,

()
FromHours(
TimeSpan
double _)
TimeSpan ,

()
FromMilliseconds(double
TimeSpan
_)
TimeSpan ,

()
FromMinutes(double
TimeSpan
_)
TimeSpan ,

()
FromSeconds(
TimeSpan
double _)
TimeSpan ,

()
FromTicks(long long
TimeSpan
_)
TimeSpan ,

()
Parse(
TimeSpan
String^ _)
TimeSpan
()
Add(TimeSpan )
TimeSpan
CompareTo(TimeSpan
int
TimeSpan

_)
Duration()
TimeSpan .

TimeSpan
TimeSpan
,
Negate()
TimeSpan
TimeSpan ,

Subtract(TimeSpan
TimeSpan
_)
ToString()
TimeSpan

String^
TimeSpan

310
TotalDays, TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds TotalMilliseconds

.
{
//
TotalDays, TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds
//
TotalMilliseconds
label1->Text = Drois_Intervali1.TotalDays.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalHours.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalMinutes.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalSeconds.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali1.TotalMilliseconds.ToString() + "\n";
}
FromDays(), FromHours(), FromMinutes(), FromSeconds(), FromMilliseconds() FromTicks()
double .
.
{
//
FromDays(), FromHours(), FromMinutes(), FromSeconds(),
//
FromMilliseconds() FromTicks()
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = TimeSpan::FromDays(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = TimeSpan::FromHours(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = TimeSpan::FromMinutes(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4 = TimeSpan::FromSeconds(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali5 = TimeSpan::FromMilliseconds(7);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali6 = TimeSpan::FromTicks(7);
label1->Text = Drois_Intervali1.ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += Drois_Intervali2.ToString() + "\n";
}
Parse() .
:
[ws] [-] [d.]hh:mm:ss[.ff][ws]

.
12.7 .
12.7. Parse()
ws
" " ( )
"-", ,
d

hh

mm
ss
ff
. 17
311
:
{
//
Parse()
//
Drois_Intervali1 , 9 , 15 45
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 = TimeSpan::Parse("9:15:45");
//
Drois_Intervali2 ,
//
2 , 9 , 15 45.50
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = TimeSpan::Parse("2.9:15:45.50");
}
Add() Subtract()
.
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali1 (2, 15, 25);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 (12, 20, 30);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = Drois_Intervali2.Add(Drois_Intervali1);
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali4 = Drois_Intervali2.Subtract(Drois_Intervali1);
//
- 14:35:55
//
- 10:05:05
}
Duration() Negate()
.
{
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali2 = Drois_Intervali1.Duration();
TimeSpan Drois_Intervali3 = Drois_Intervali1.Negate();
//
- 02:15:25
//
- -02:15:25
}
312
14.
-4 .
. , :
, .
.
.
.
. :
, -, , , .
System::Collections .
:

,
.
. ArrayList
. 13.1 13.2
.
. ArrayList
. , .
:
ArrayList()
ArrayList(ICollection^ )
ArrayList(int )
:
{
array<String^>^ Striqoni = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi1 = gcnew ArrayList();
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi2 = gcnew ArrayList(masivi);
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi3 = gcnew ArrayList(Striqoni);
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi4 = gcnew ArrayList(50);
for each (int x in DinamiuriMasivi2) label1->Text += x.ToString() + " ";
for each (String^ x in DinamiuriMasivi3) label2->Text += x + " ";
}
313
13.1. ArrayList
Capacity
int
,
Count
int

IsFixedSize
bool
,
IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
Object^
13.2. ArrayList
ReadOnly(
ArrayList^
ArrayList^ )
Repeat(Object^ , ArrayList^
int )
Add(Object^ )
AddRange(
ICollection^ )
BinarySearch(
Object^ )
Clear()
Contains(
Object^ )
CopyTo(Array^ )
int
void
Equals(Object^ )
bool
GetEnumerator()
GetRange(int ,
int )
GetType()
IndexOf(
Object^ )
Insert(int ,
Object^ )
InsertRange(int ,
ICollection^ )
LastIndexOf(
Object^ )
IEnumerator^
ArrayList^
int
void
bool
void
Type^
int
void
void
int
314
13.2 ()
Remove(
void
Object^ )
RemoveAt(int )
void
RemoveRange(
int ,
int )
Reverse()
void
SetRange(int ,
ICollection^ )
Sort()
void
ToArray()
array<Object^>^
ToString()
StrimToSize()
String^
void
void
void
. Add()
, object. :
arraList.Add()
arrayList ArrayList .
Add .
{
//
Add
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi = gcnew ArrayList();
//
DinamiuriMasivi->Add(L"");
//
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < DinamiuriMasivi->Count; indexi++ )
label1->Text += L"DinamiuriMasivi [" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
DinamiuriMasivi[indexi]->ToString() + "\n";
}
:
{
//

ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi = gcnew ArrayList();
//
DinamiuriMasivi->Add(1);
DinamiuriMasivi->Add(2.2);
DinamiuriMasivi->Add(true);
315
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < DinamiuriMasivi->Count; indexi++ )
label1->Text += L"DinamiuriMasivi[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
DinamiuriMasivi[indexi]->ToString() + "\n";
}
AddRange() .
:
arrayList.Insert()
arrayList .
:
{
array<String^>^ striqoni1 = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
array<String^>^ striqoni2 = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"" };
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi1 = gcnew ArrayList(striqoni1);
DinamiuriMasivi1->AddRange(striqoni2);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "",
// "", "", "", ""
for ( int index = 0; index < DinamiuriMasivi1->Count; index++ )
label1->Text += DinamiuriMasivi1[index] + " ";
}
Insert() .
:
arrayList.Insert(, )
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->Insert(2, L"");
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
// "", "", "", ""
}
InsertRange() . :
arrayList.InsertRange(, )
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->InsertRange(2, striqoni2);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
// "", "", "", "", ""
}
SetRange()
. :
316
arrayList.SetRange(, )
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->SetRange(2, striqoni2);
//
DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "",
//
"", "", ""
}
. Contains()
. , true ,
- false . :
arrayList.Contains()
:
{
bool elementi_aris;
array<String^>^ striqoni = gcnew array<String^>
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L" ", L"" };
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi1 = gcnew ArrayList(striqoni);
elementi_aris = DinamiuriMasivi1->Contains(L"");
if ( elementi_aris == true ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
IndexOf() .
, , -1. :
arrayList.IndexOf()
:
{
int index1;
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
index1 = DinamiuriMasivi1->IndexOf(L"");
//
index1 = 2
label1->Text = L" " + DinamiuriMasivi1[index1] +
L" " + index1.ToString();
}
LastIndexOf() .
, ,
- -1. :
arrayList.LastIndexOf()
:
{
{ L"", L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
317

index1 = DinamiuriMasivi1->LastIndexOf(L"");
// index1 = 4
label1->Text = L" " + DinamiuriMasivi1[index1] +
L" " + index1.ToString();
}
. RemoveAt() .
. :
arrayList.RemoveAt()
:
{
array<String^>^ striqoni = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"" };
DinamiuriMasivi1->RemoveAt(1);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", ""
for each ( String^ str1 in DinamiuriMasivi1 ) label1->Text += str1 + " ";
}
Remove() . .
:
arrayList.Remove()
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->Remove(L"");
}
RemoveRange() . .
:
arrayList.RemoveRange(_, _)
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->RemoveRange(1, 2);
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", ""
}
, . Sort()
. :
arrayList.Sort()
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->Sort();
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "", ""
}
BinarySearch()
. . :
318
arrayList.BinarySearch()
:
{
int indexi;
DinamiuriMasivi1->Sort();
indexi = DinamiuriMasivi1->BinarySearch(L"");
//
indexi = 2
}
Reverse() .
:
arrayList.Reverce()
:
{
DinamiuriMasivi1->Reverse();
// DinamiuriMasivi1 = "", "", "", ""
}
.
TrimToSize()
. :
arrayList.TrimToSize()
GetRange()
. :
arrayList.GetRange(_, _)
:
{
array<String^>^ striqoni = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"", "" };
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi2 = DinamiuriMasivi1->GetRange(1, 3);
}
.
.
IEnumerable .
Current GetEnumerator(), MoveNext() Reset() .
GetEnumerator() , IEnumerator
.
:
arrayList.GetEnumerator()
arrayList.GetEnumerator(_, _)
MoveNext()
true , -
319
false .
Reset()
.

.
{
//

//

array<String^>^ striqoni = gcnew array<String^> { L"", L"", L"", L"", L"" };
ArrayList^ DinamiuriMasivi = gcnew ArrayList(striqoni);
IEnumerator^ Chamomtvleli = DinamiuriMasivi->GetEnumerator();
while ( Chamomtvleli->MoveNext() )
label1->Text += L"myEnumerator.Current = " + Chamomtvleli->Current->ToString() + "\n";
//
Chamomtvleli->Reset();
Chamomtvleli->MoveNext();
label1->Text += L"myEnumerator.Current = " + Chamomtvleli->Current->ToString() + "\n";
}
-
- - - -
.
. - Hashtable .
13.3 13.4 . -
. , ,
.
13.3. Hashtable
Count
int
-
IsFixedSize
bool
-
IsReadOnly
bool
-
Item
Object^

Keys
ICollection^
, -
Values
ICollection^
, -
, . Add() -
. :
Hashtable.Add(, )
Remove() - . :
320
Hashtable.Remove()
.
13.4. Hashtable
Add(
void
-
Object^ ,

Object^ )
Clear()
void
-
Clone()
Object^
-
Contains(
bool
, - Object^ )

ContainsKey(
bool
, - Object^ )

ContainsValue(
bool
, - Object^ )

CopyTo(
void
- Array^ ,

int )
Equals(
bool
, -
Object^ )
GetEnumerator()
IDictionary , Enumerator^

GetType()
Type^

Remove(
void
-
Object^ )

ToString()
String^

{
//
Add() Remove()
Hashtable^ HeshCxrili = gcnew Hashtable();
//
HeshCxrili->Add(L"", L"");
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in HeshCxrili->Keys )
label1->Text += Gasagebi->ToString() + "\n";
for each ( String^ Mnishvneloba in HeshCxrili->Values )
label1->Text += Mnishvneloba->ToString() + "\n";
//
HeshCxrili->Remove(L"");
321

String^ Regioni = (String^)HeshCxrili[L""];
label3->Text = Regioni;
}
, -
, ,
HeshCxrili[""]. Keys ,
- Values .
. ContainsKey() -
. true,
- false. :
Hashtable.ContainsKey()
ContainsValue() -
. true, - false. :
Hashtable.ContainsValue()
.
{
//
ContainsKey() ContainsValue()
//
//
if ( HeshCxrili->ContainsKey(L"") )
label2->Text = L"- ";
else
//
if ( HeshCxrili->ContainsValue(L"") )
else
}
. CopyTo()
-
. :
Hashtable.Keys.CopyTo(, )
.
Hashtable.Values.CopyTo(, )
-
.
.
322
{
//
CopyTo()
array<String^>^ Gasagebebi = gcnew array<String^> (HeshCxrili->Count);
array<String^>^ Mnishvnelobebi = gcnew array<String^> (HeshCxrili->Count);
//
HeshCxrili->Keys->CopyTo(Gasagebebi, 0);
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in Gasagebebi )
label2->Text += Gasagebi + "\n";
//
HeshCxrili->Values->CopyTo(Mnishvnelobebi, 0);
for each ( String^ Mnishvneloba in Mnishvnelobebi )
label3->Text += Mnishvneloba + "\n";
}

- .
,
. .
, .
SortedList .
13.5 13.6 .
, . Add()
. :
sortedList.Add(, )
Remove() .
:
sortedList.Remove()
323
13.5. SortedList
Capacity
int

Count
int

IsFixedSize
bool
,
IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
Object^

Keys
ICollection^
Values
ICollection^

13.6. SortedList

Add(
void
Object^ ,
Object^ )
Clear()
void
Clone()
Contains(
Object^ )
ContainsKey(
Object^ )
ContainsValue(
Object^ )
CopyTo(
Array^ ,
int )
Equals(
Object^ )
GetByIndex(
int )
GetEnumerator()
Object^
bool
GetKey(
int )
GetKeyList()
Object^
GetType()
GetValueList()
Type^
IList^
bool
bool
void
bool
Object^
IDictionaryEnumerator^
IList^
324
13.6. ()
IndexOfKey(
int
Object^ )
IndexOfValue(
int
Object^ )
Remove(
void
Object^ )
RemoveAt(
void
int )
SetByIndex(
void
int ,
Object^ )
ToString()
String^
TrimToSize()
void
.
{
//
Add() Remove()
SortedList^ DaxarisxebuliSia = gcnew SortedList ();
//
DaxarisxebuliSia->Add(L"", L"");
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in DaxarisxebuliSia->Keys )
for each ( String^ MniSvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia->Values )
label1->Text += MniSvneloba->ToString() + "\n";
//
DaxarisxebuliSia->Remove(L"");
for each ( String^ MniSvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia->Values )
label2->Text += MniSvneloba->ToString() + "\n";
String^ Regioni = (String^)DaxarisxebuliSia[L""];
label3->Text += Regioni;
}
,
, ,
DaxarisxebuliSia[""].

Keys ,
- Values .
. GetByIndex()
.
:
325
sortedList.GetByIndex()
:
String^ regioni1 = ( String^ ) DaxarisxebuliSia->GetByIndex(2);
SetByIndex()
. :
sortedList.SetByIndex(, )
:
DaxarisxebuliSia->SetByIndex(2, L"");
, . GetKey()
.
:
sortedList.GetKey()
:
String^ Gasagebi = ( String^ ) DaxarisxebuliSia->GetKey(2);
IndexOfKey()
. :
sortedList.IndexOfKey()
:
int GasagebisIndeqsi = DaxarisxebuliSia->IndexOfKey(L"");
IndexOfValue()
. :
sortedList.IndexOfValue()
:
int MnishvnelobisIndeqsi = DaxarisxebuliSia->IndexOfValue(L"");
. GetKeyList()
. IList
. :
sortedList.GetKeyList()
:
{
IList^ GasagebebisSia = DaxarisxebuliSia->GetKeyList();
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in GasagebebisSia )
label4->Text += Gasagebi + " ";
}
GetValueList()
. IList . :
sortedList. GetValueList()
:
{
IList^ MnishvnelobebisSia = DaxarisxebuliSia->GetValueList();
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in MnishvnelobebisSia )
label4->Text += Gasagebi + " ";
}
. ContainsKey()
. true ,
- false. :
sortedList.ContainsKey()
326
ContainsValue()
. true, - false.
:
sortedList.ContainsValue()
.
{
//
ContainsKey() ContainsValue()
//

SortedList^ DaxarisxebuliSia = gcnew SortedList();
//
for each ( String^ Mnishvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia->Values )
//
if ( DaxarisxebuliSia->ContainsKey(L"") )
else
//
if ( DaxarisxebuliSia->ContainsValue(L"") )
else
}
. CopyTo()

. :
sortedList.Keys.CopyTo(, )
sortedList.Values.CopyTo(, )
Keys CopyTo
. Values CopyTo
.
.
{
//
CopyTo()
SortedList^ DaxarisxebuliSia = gcnew SortedList();
//
array<String^>^ Gasagebebi = gcnew array<String^> (DaxarisxebuliSia->Count);
array<String^>^ Mnishvnelobebi = gcnew array<String^> (DaxarisxebuliSia->Count);
327

for each ( String^ Mnishvneloba in DaxarisxebuliSia->Values )
//
DaxarisxebuliSia->Keys->CopyTo(Gasagebebi, 0);
for each ( String^ Gasagebi in Gasagebebi )
label2->Text += Gasagebi + "\n";
//
DaxarisxebuliSia->Values->CopyTo(Mnishvnelobebi, 0);
for each ( String^ Mnishvneloba in Mnishvnelobebi )
label3->Text += Mnishvneloba + "\n";
}
, " " (FIFO - First In, First Out). Queue .

13.7 13.8 .
Enqueue(), Dequeu() Peek()
.
{
//
Enqueue(), Dequeu() Peek()
//

Queue^ Rigi = gcnew Queue();
//

Rigi->Enqueue(L"");
Rigi->Enqueue(L"");
Rigi->Enqueue(L"");
Rigi->Enqueue(L"");
//

for each ( String^ striqoni in Rigi )
//

int ElementebisRaodenoba = Rigi->Count;
for ( int count = 0; count < ElementebisRaodenoba; count++ )
{
label2->Text += "Peek() = " + Rigi->Peek() + "\n";
label2->Text += "Dequeu() = " + Rigi->Dequeue() + "\n";
}
}
328
13.7. Queue
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
13.8. Queue
Clear()
void

Clone()
Object^

Contains(
bool
, Object^ )
CopyTo(
void

Array^ ,
int )
Dequeu()
Object^

Enqueue(
void

Object^ )
Equals(
bool
,
Object^ )
GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator^

GetType()
Type^

Peek(
Object^
,
Object^ )

ToArray()
array<Object^>^
ToString()
String^

, " " (LIFO - Last In, First Out). Stack .

13.9 13.10 .
13.9. Stack
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
329
13.10. Stack
Clear()
void

Clone()
Object^

Contains(
bool
, Object^ )
CopyTo(
void

Array^ ,
int )
Equals(
bool
,
Object^ )
GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator^

GetType()
Type^

Peek()
Object^
( )
,
Pop()
Object^
( )

Push(
void

Object^ )
ToArray()
array<Object^>^
ToString()
String^

Push(), Pop() Peek()

.
{
//
Push(), Pop() Peek()
//

Stack^ Steki = gcnew Stack();
//

Steki->Push(L"");
Steki->Push(L"");
Steki->Push(L"");
Steki->Push(L"");
//

for each ( String^ striqoni in Steki )
//

int ElementebisRaodenoba = Steki->Count;
label1->Text += L" - " + ElementebisRaodenoba.ToString() + "\n";
for ( int count = 0; count < ElementebisRaodenoba; count++ )
{
label2->Text += "Peek() = " + Steki->Peek() + "\n";
330
label2->Text += "Pop() = " + Steki->Pop() + "\n";

}
}

(true false) . true
1, false - 0. BitArray .
, ,
. BitArray 13.11 .13.12 .
.
Not() (.
, 4). :
bitArray1.Not()
bitArray1 BitArray .
Or()
.
:
bitArray1.Or(bitArray2)
And() .
:
bitArray1.And(bitArray2)
Xor()

. :
bitArray1.Xor(bitArray2)
13.11. BitArray
Count
int

IsReadOnly
bool
,
Item
bool
. BiTArray
Length
int
,

331
13.12. BitArray
And(
BitArray^
BitArray^ )

Clone()
Object^

CopyTo(
void

Array^ ,

int )
Equals(
bool

Object^ )
Get(int )
bool

GetEnumerator()
IEnumerator^

GetType()
Type^

Not()
BitArray^

Or(
BitArray^
BitArray^ )

Set(int ,
void
bool )

SetAll(
void

bool )

ToString()
String^

Xor(
BitArray^

BitArray^ )

.
{
//
Not(),Or(), And() Xor()
label1->Text = L"BitebisMasivi";
label2->Text = L"BitebisMasivi1";
label7->Text = L"NOT";
label4->Text = L"OR";
label5->Text = L"AND";
label6->Text = L"XOR";
BitArray^ BitebisMasivi = gcnew BitArray(4);
BitebisMasivi[0] = true;
BitebisMasivi[1] = false;
BitebisMasivi[2] = true;
BitebisMasivi[3] = false;
//

332
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < BitebisMasivi->Count; indexi++ )
label1->Text += L"BitebisMasivi[" + indexi.ToString() + L"] = " + BitebisMasivi[indexi].ToString() + "\n";
//
BitArray^ BitebisMasivi1 = gcnew BitArray(BitebisMasivi);
BitebisMasivi1[0] = true;
BitebisMasivi1[1] = true;
BitebisMasivi1[2] = false;
BitebisMasivi1[3] = false;
//

for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < BitebisMasivi1->Count; indexi++ )
label2->Text += "BitebisMasivi1[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " +
BitebisMasivi1[indexi].ToString() + "\n";
//
Not() BitebisMasivi
BitebisMasivi->Not();
//
BitebisMasivi = { false, true, false, true }
label7->Text += "BitebisMasivi[" + indexi.ToString() + "] = " + BitebisMasivi[indexi].ToString() + "\n";
//
Or() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//

BitebisMasivi->Or(BitebisMasivi1); // BitebisMasivi = { true,true,false,true }
//
And() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//

BitebisMasivi->And(BitebisMasivi1);
// BitebisMasivi = { true,true,false,false }
//
//
Xor() BitebisMasivi BitebisMasivi1
//

BitebisMasivi->Xor(BitebisMasivi1);
// BitebisMasivi = {false,false,false,false}
//
}
333
15.

(-).
, Word ,
. -,
Word, Excel .., .
.
, .
[9] [10].
.NET Framework ,
- . ,
- . - ,
AppDomain ,
.
- .
System::Threading .
: .
, ( -9
). .
14.1. Thread
ApartmentState
ApartmentState
CurrentCulture
CultureInfo^
CurrentThread
Thread^
IsAlive
bool
IsBackground
bool
IsThreadPoolThread
bool
Name
String^
Priority
ThreadState
ThreadPriority
ThreadState
true

true

.
, null-
334
14.2. Thread
Abort()

LocalDataStoreSlot^ AllocateDataSlot()
()

LocalDataStoreSlot^
AllocateNamedDataSlot(String^

)
()
bool Equals(Object^ )
,
void FreeNamedDataSlot(

String^ )

()
Object^ GetData(

LocalDataStoreSlot^ )
()
AppDomain^ GetDomain()
,
()
int GetDomainID()
,
()

LocalDataStoreSlot^
GetNamedDataSlot(String^ )
()
Type^ GetType()

void Interrupt()

Join()

void ResetAbort()

()
void Resume()

void SetData(

LocalDataStoreSlot^ ,
Object^ )
()
void Sleep(int )

void SpinWait(int )

()
void Start()

void Suspend()

String^ ToString()

. ,
Excel, Paint Internet
Explorer . .
,
335
. ,
, ..
,
.
, Excel
. , ,
.
. .
Thread 14.1 14.2
.

Thread .
. ,
. ,
, :
-,
.
2.2 .- Templates
CLR Console Application , Name: ,
Browse OK .
, .
//

#include "stdafx.h"
//

public : static void Datvla_Luwi() {
for ( int index2 = 2; index2 <= 50; index2 += 2 )
Console::Write(index2.ToString() + " ");
//
5
}
};
//
int main(array<System::String ^> ârgs) {
//
Nakadi1 , Datvla_Luwi()
Thread^ Nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Luwi));
//
Nakadi1 Datvla_Luwi()
Nakadi1->Start();
//
, Datvla_Luwi()
ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Luwi();
336
}
Nakadi1 -. Datvla_Luwi
, Datvla_Luwi() .
Nakadi1 Start() . ,
Datvla_Luwi() , .
, Datvla_Luwi() .
- :
2 4
10 12
36 38
6
14
40
8
16
42
10
18
44
12
20
46
14
22
48
16
24
50
18
26
20
28
22
30
24
32
26
34
28
36
30
38
32
40
34
42
2
44
4
46
6
48
8
50
. ,
. . , , Datvla_Luwi()
, 2- 34- .
Nakadi1- . Datvla_Luwi() .
.
, .
,
. ,
.
Thread::Sleep(5000) ,
5 (1000 1 ).
, ,
ChemiKlasi : Datvla_Kenti()
Datvla_Luwi(), , .
//

//

#include "stdafx.h"
public : static void Datvla_Kenti() {
for (int index1 = 1; index1 <= 50; index1 += 2)
}
static void Datvla_Luwi() {
}
};
//
337

//
Thread^ Nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Luwi));
//
Datvla_Luwi() Nakadi1
Nakadi1->Start();
//
Datvla_Kenti()
ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Kenti();
}
- Nakadi1.
- Datvla_Luwi, Datvla_Luwi() .
, Datvla_Luwi Nakadi1 Start()
. , Datvla_Kenti() ,
, . ,
Datvla_Kenti() Datvla_Luwi() . -
:
1 3
12 14
35 37
5
16
39
7
18
41
9
20
43
11
22
45
13
24
47
15
26
49
17
28
19
30
21
32
23
34
25
36
27
38
29
40
31
42
2
44
4
46
6
48
8
50
10
33

Normal .
5 :
Lowest -
BelowNormal -
Normal -
AboveNormal -
Highest -

.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
public : static void Datvla_Kenti() {
}
338
}
};
//
//
Nakadi1 Normal
Thread^ Nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Kenti));
//
Lowest
Thread::CurrentThread->Priority = ThreadPriority::Lowest;
//
Nakadi1 Highest
Nakadi1->Priority = ThreadPriority::Highest;
Nakadi1->Start();
}
Nakadi1 , ,
Datvla_Luwi() - . Thread CurrentThread
,
, Thread CurrentThread - .
:
1 3
43 45
36 38
5
47
40
7
49
42
9
2
44
11
4
46
13
6
48
15
8
50
17
10
19
12
21
14
23
16
25
18
27
20
29
22
31
24
33
26
35
28
37
30
39
32
41
34
,
, - .
,
, . , , ,
. ,

. , ,
, ,
, .

ThreadState .
.
14.3 .
Unstarted . Start()
Running . IsBackground true
, .
, , WaitSleepJoin
AbortRequested .
339
14.3. .

Unstarted

Running

Background

WaitSleepJoin
Wait, Sleep Join
SuspendRequested

Suspended

StopRequested

Stopped

AbortRequested

Aborted

ThreadState .
//
ThreadState
#include "stdafx.h"
ref class ChemiKlasi
{
public :
static void Datvla()
{
for ( int index = 1; index <= 50; index++ )
Console::Write(index.ToString() + " ");
Console::WriteLine();
}
static void MdgomareobisNaxva(Thread^ Nakadi)
{
if ( Nakadi->ThreadState == ThreadState::Running )
Console::WriteLine(L" The Thread is running");
}
};
//
{
Thread^ Nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::Datvla));
ChemiKlasi::MdgomareobisNaxva(Nakadi1);
//

Nakadi1->Start();
//

ChemiKlasi::Datvla();
340
//
nakadi1
Nakadi1->Abort();
}
- :
The Thread is running
1 2
3
4
5
22 23 24 25 26
8 9
10 11 12
29 30 31 32 33
50 36 37 38 39
6
27
13
34
40
7
28
14
35
41
8
29
15
36
42
9
30
16
37
43
10
31
17
38
44
11
32
18
39
45
12
33
19
40
46
13
34
20
41
47
14
35
21
42
48
15
1
22
43
49
16
2
23
44
50
17
3
24
45
18
4
25
46
19
5
26
47
20
6
27
48
21
7
28
49

. ,
,
. ,
,
LocalDataStoreSlot .

.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
{
public :
static void MonacemebisGamotana()
{
Console::WriteLine(L"Random number = " +
Thread::GetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Random number - ")));
Console::WriteLine(L"Name of thread = " +
Thread::GetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Name of thread - ")));
}
static void MonacemebisChatsera1()
{
Random^ Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi = gcnew Random();
Thread::SetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Random number - "),
Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi->Next(100));
Thread::SetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Name of thread
- "),
341
Thread::CurrentThread->Name);
MonacemebisGamotana();
}
static void MonacemebisChatsera2()
{
Random^ Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi = gcnew Random();
Thread::SetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Random number - "),
Shemtxveviti_Ricxvi->NextDouble());
Thread::SetData(Thread::GetNamedDataSlot(L"Name of thread - "),
Thread::CurrentThread->Name);
MonacemebisGamotana();
}
};
//
{
//

Thread::AllocateNamedDataSlot(L"Random number - ");
Thread::AllocateNamedDataSlot(L"Name of thread
- ");
//

Thread^ nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::MonacemebisChatsera1));
nakadi1->Name = "nakadi1";
nakadi1->Start();
//

Thread^ nakadi2 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::MonacemebisChatsera2));
nakadi2->Name = "nakadi2";
nakadi2->Start();
//
Thread::FreeNamedDataSlot(L"Random number - ");
Thread::FreeNamedDataSlot(L"Name of thread - ");
}
AllocateNamedDataSlot()
. : " - " "
- ". : nakadi1 nakadi2. . nakadi1
MonacemebisChatsera1()
,
nakadi2
MonacemebisChatsera2() . " - "

, "
- " - .
MonacemebisGamotana() ,
" - " "
- " .

. :
Shemtxveviti ricxvi
Nakadis saxeli
Shemtxveviti ricxvi
Nakadis saxeli
=4
= nakadi1
=0,400937242154468
= nakadi2
342
,
, .

,
.
.
Timer
Timer
. Timer
:
callback. TimeCallback , ,
.
state. , TimeCallback .
, ,
null .
dueTime. .
Period. .
Timer .
//
Timer
#include "stdafx.h"
public :
static void Drois_Gacema(Object^ Mdgomareoba) {
Console::WriteLine(DateTime::Now);
}
};
//
//
, Timer
TimerCallback^ delegati = gcnew TimerCallback(ChemiKlasi::Drois_Gacema);
//
,
//

System::Threading::Timer^ Taimeri = gcnew System::Threading::Timer(delegati, nullptr, 1000, 2000);
//
Enter
Console::WriteLine("Press ENTER to exit");
int ricxvi = Console::Read();
//

Taimeri = nullptr;
343
}
:
daaWireT ENTER klaviSs dasamTavreblad
21.01.2009 13:35:16
21.01.2009 13:35:17
21.01.2009 13:35:18
21.01.2009 13:35:19
21.01.2009 13:35:20
delegati , Drois_Gacema()
. Taimeri -,
1 , Drois_Gacema()
. Dispose()
, .
Join()
Join() . ,

. :
//

#include "stdafx.h"
{
public :
static void Datvla_Kenti() {
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi <= 10; indexi += 2 )
Console::Write(indexi.ToString() + " ");
}
for (int indexi = 2; indexi <= 10; indexi += 2)
Console::Write(indexi.ToString() + " ");
}
};
//
Thread^ nakadi2 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ChemiKlasi::Datvla_Kenti));
//
nakadi2->Start();
//
nakadi2-
344
nakadi2->Join();
}
nakadi2 ,
Datvla_Luwi() . :
2
10
Join() , ,
. , nakadi2->Join(4000) nakadi2
4 .
Interlocked
Interlocked
. 14.4 .
14.4. Interlocked
int Decrement(int% )

()
int Exchange(

int% , int )
()
int Increment(int% )

()
Decrement() .
//
Decrement()
#include "stdafx.h"
int Saerto_Mtvleli = 10;
public : void Datvla() {
while ( Saerto_Mtvleli > 0 ) {
System::Threading::Interlocked::Decrement(Saerto_Mtvleli);
Console::WriteLine(Thread::CurrentThread->Name + " " + Saerto_Mtvleli);
Thread::Sleep(500);
}
}
void Nakadebis_Shesruleba() {
ChemiKlasi^ ck = gcnew ChemiKlasi;
Thread^ Nakadi1 = gcnew Thread(gcnew ThreadStart(ck, &ChemiKlasi::Datvla));
345
Nakadi1->Name = "Nakadi1";
Nakadi1->Start();
Nakadi2->Start();
}
};
//
obieqti->Nakadebis_Shesruleba();
}
:
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Datvla() Decrement() Increment() ,

Saerto_Mtvleli .
Exchange() Datvla() .
System::Threading::Interlocked::Exchange(Saerto_Mtvleli, 55);
}
Monitor
Monitor
. 14.5 .
Monitor .
346
14.5. Monitor
void Enter(
.
Object^ )
,
()
,

void Exit(

Object^ )
()
void Pulse(
,
Object^ )

()

void PulseAll(
,
Object^ )
()
bool TryEnter(
.
Object^ )
, true,
()
- false
bool Wait(

Object^ )
,
()
Pulse()
//
Monitor
#include "stdafx.h"
int Saerto_Mtvleli = 0;
while ( Saerto_Mtvleli < 10 )
{
System::Threading::Monitor::Enter(this);
int Temp = Saerto_Mtvleli;
Temp++;
Console::WriteLine(Thread::CurrentThread->Name + " " + Temp);
Thread::Sleep(500);
Saerto_Mtvleli = Temp;
System::Threading::Monitor::Exit(this);
}
}
void Nakadebis_Shesruleba() {
ChemiKlasi^ ck = gcnew ChemiKlasi;
347

Nakadi1->Start();
Nakadi2->Start();
}
};
//
obieqti->Nakadebis_Shesruleba();
}
:
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
Nakadi2
Nakadi1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
348
16.
.NET
.
System::Globalization (15.1 ),

. : ,
, , ..
.NET ,
, .
,
- . , en-CA
. . pt-BR
, ka-GE
, bs-BA-Latn
, .. , .NET

,
.
15.1. System::Globalization
Calendar
,
.
CompareInfo

CultureInfo

DateTimeFormatInfo

DaylightTime

NumberFormatInfo

RegionInfo

SortKey
,
StringInfo

TextInfo

349
15.2. CultureInfo
Calendar
Calendar^
,
CompareInfo
CompareInfo^

CurrentCulture
CultureInfo^
()
CurrentUICulture
CultureInfo^
()

DateTimeFormat
DateTimeFormat
Info^

DisplayName
String^

EnglishName
String^

InstalledUICulture
CultureInfo^

()

InvariantCulture
CultureInfo^

()
IsNeutralCulture
bool
CultureInfo

IsReadOnly
bool
CultureInfo

LCID
String^
CultureInfo
Name
String^

NativeName
String^

NumberFormat
NumberFormat Info^

OptionalCalendars
array<Calendar^>^

Parent
CultureInfo^
,

TextInfo
TextInfo^

ThreeLetterISOString^
ISO
LanguageName
TwoLetterISOString^
ISO
LanguageName

UseUserOverride
bool
CultureInfo

350
15.3. CultureInfo
void ClearCachedData()

CultureInfo^ CreateSpecificCulture(
CultureInfo
String^ ) ()
array<CultureInfo^>^

GetCultures(CultureTypes )
()
CultureInfo^ ReadOnly(
CultureInfo ,
CultureInfo^ )

()

:
using namespace System::Globalization;
CultureInfo 15.2 15.3.
CultureInfo
.
{
//

//

CultureInfo^ QartuliKultura = gcnew CultureInfo(L"ka-GE");
label1->Text = QartuliKultura->NativeName;
//
- ()
label2->Text = QartuliKultura->EnglishName;
//
- Georgian(Georgia)
//

DateTimeFormatInfo^ TarigiDroisFormati = QartuliKultura->DateTimeFormat;
label5->Text += TarigiDroisFormati->LongDatePattern;
//
- yyyy''dd MM, dddd
//

NumberFormatInfo^ RicxvisFormati = QartuliKultura->NumberFormat;
label3->Text = RicxvisFormati->CurrencySymbol;
//
- Lari
label4->Text = RicxvisFormati->NumberDecimalSeparator;
//
- ,
}
CultureInfo QartuliKultura ,
.
, , .
CurrentCulture CurrentUICulture . CurrentCulture
, ,
, ,
. CurrentUICulture .
,
.
.
{
//
CurrentCulture CurrentUICulture
//

Thread::CurrentThread->CurrentCulture = gcnew CultureInfo(L"ka-GE");
351
label1->Text = Thread::CurrentThread->CurrentCulture->Name + "\n";

//

CultureInfo^ InglisisKultura1 = gcnew CultureInfo(L"en-GB");
label1->Text += CultureInfo::CurrentCulture->Name + "\n";
//

//

Thread::CurrentThread->CurrentUICulture = gcnew CultureInfo(L"it-IT");
label1->Text += Thread::CurrentThread->CurrentUICulture->Name + "\n";
//

CultureInfo^ InglisisKultura2 = gcnew CultureInfo(L"en-GB");
label1->Text += CultureInfo::CurrentUICulture->Name;
}
.NET .
,
- "ka-GE", CultureInfo .
Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture . InglisisKultura1
, - "en-GB". ,
, "ka-GE" .
. CultureInfo GetCultures()
. CultureTypes ,
. 15.4 .
15.4. CultureTypes
AllCultures
, .NET
InstalledWin32Cultures
,
NeutralCultures

SpecificCultures

.
{
//

for each ( CultureInfo^ Kultura in CultureInfo::GetCultures(CultureTypes::AllCultures) )
listBox1->Items->Add(Kultura->EnglishName + "-" + Kultura->Name);
}
listBox1 .
Toolbox .
. (Invariant Language, Invariant
Country) ,
.
. CultureInfo ,
, :
CultureInfo^ InvariantuliKultura1 = gcnew CultureInfo("");
CultureInfo^ InvariantuliKultura2 = CultureInfo::InvariantCulture;

.
{
352
//

DateTime^ Tarigi = DateTime::Now;
Double Valuta = 12345.67;
//

//

CultureInfo^ SaqartvelosKultura = gcnew CultureInfo(L"ka-GE");
String^ QartuliTarigi = Tarigi->ToString(L"d", SaqartvelosKultura);
String^ QartuliValuta = Valuta.ToString(L"c", SaqartvelosKultura);
label1->Text = QartuliTarigi + "\n" + QartuliValuta + "\n";
//

//

CultureInfo^ InglisisKultura = gcnew CultureInfo(L"en-GB");
String^ InglisuriTarigi = Tarigi->ToString(L"d", InglisisKultura);
String^ InglisuriValuta = Valuta.ToString(L"c", InglisisKultura);
label1->Text += InglisuriTarigi + "\n" + InglisuriValuta + "\n";
}
ToString() ,
.
.NET , GDI+
(Graphic Device Interface,
). ,
. GDI+
,
. -
.
GDI+ .
Windows XP, Windows .NET Server .NET . GDI+
:
- , ,
.
- , , bmp, gif, tif, jpg png
.
- .
353
15.5. Graphics
Clip
Region^
ClipBounds
RectangleF
CompositingMode
CompositingMode
CompositingQuality
DpiX
CompositingQuality
float
DpiY
float
InterpolatingMode
InterpolatingMode
IsClipEmpty
bool
PageScale
float
PageUnit
PixelOffsetMode
GraphicsUnit
PixelOffsetMode
RenderingOrigin
Point
SmoothingMode
SmoothingMode
TextContrast
int
TextRenderingHint
TextRenderingHint
Transform
VisibleClipbounds
Matrix^
RectangleF

Rectangle ,

Graphics

Graphics
Graphics

Graphics

Graphics
15.6. Graphics
void AddMetafileComment(
Metafile
array<Byte>^ )
GraphicsContainer^ BeginContainer()

void Clear(Color )

void DrawArc(Pen^ ,

Rectangle ,
float _,
float _)
354
15.6. ()
void DrawBezier(Pen^ ,
float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2,
float x3, float y3, float x4, float y4)
void DrawBeziers(Pen^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void DrawClosedCurve(Pen^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void DrawCurve(Pen^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void DrawEllipse(Pen^ ,
Rectangle )
void DrawIcon(Icon^ ,
Rectangle )
void DrawIconUnstretched(
Icon^ ,
Rectangle )
DrawImage()
DrawImageUnscaled()
void DrawLine(
Pen^ , float x1, float y1,
float x2, float y2)
void DrawLines(Pen^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void DrawPath(Pen^ ,
GraphicsPath^ )
void DrawPie(Pen^ ,
Rectangle ,
float _,
float _)
void DrawPolygon(Pen^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void DrawRectangle(Pen^ ,
Rectangle )
void DrawRectangles(Pen^ ,
array<Rectangle>^ )
void DrawString(String^ ,
Font^ , Brush^ ,
float x, float y)
void EndContainer(
GraphicsContainer^ )
EnumerateMetafile()
void ExcludeClip(
Rectangle )

GraphicsPath

355
15.6. ()
void FillClosedCurve(Brush^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void FillEllipse(Brush^ ,
Rectangle )
void FillPath(Brush^ ,
GraphicsPath^ )
void FillPie(Brush^ ,
Rectangle ,
float _,
float _)
void FillPolygon(Brush^ ,
array<Point>^ )
void FillRectangle(Brush^ ,
Rectangle )
void Fill Rectangles(Brush^ ,
array<Rectangle>^ )
void FillRegion(Brush^ ,
Region^ )
void Flush()
Graphics^ FromImage(Image^ )
()
Color GetNearestColor(Color )
void IntersectClip(
Rectangle )
bool IsVisible(Point )
array<Region^>^
MeasureCharacterRanges(
String^ ,
Font^ ,
RectangleF _,
StringFormat^ _)
SizeF MeasureString(
String^ ,
Font^ )
void ResetClip()
void ResetTransform()
void Restore(
GraphicsState^ )
void RotateTransform(
float )
GraphicsState^ Save()
void SetClip(
Rectangle )

GraphicsPath

Region

Image Graphics

true- ,
- false-

,

Graphics
GraphicsState
Graphics
GraphicsState

356
15.7. Pen
Alignment
PenAlignment
Brush
Brush^
Color
CustomEndCap
CustomStartCap
DashCap
Color
CustomLineCap^
CustomLineCap^
DashCap
DashOffset
float
DashPattern
array<float>^
DashStyle
EndCap
LineJoin
DashStyle
LineCap
LineJoin
MiterLimit
float
PenType
PenType
StartCap
Width
LineCap
float
15.8. Pen
Object^ Clone()
void ResetTransform()
void RotateTransform(float )
void ScaleTransform(float x, float y)
void TranslateTransform(
float x, float y)
Pen
Brush ,
Pen
Pen

, Pen

Pen

Graphics (, ), Pen
, Brush
. Rectangle
. Graphics 16.5 16.6 .
Pen 16.7 16.8 .
.
Graphics .
Graphics
(). Pen .
357

Graphics .
Graphics CreateGraphics() . ,
Graphics^ SaxataviPurceli = CreateGraphics();
DrawArc()
() .
:
void graphics.DrawArc(Pen^ , Rectangle ,
float _, float _);
graphics Graphics . :
{
//

//

Pen^ Kalami = gcnew Pen(Color::Red, 2);
//

Rectangle Otxkutxedi(0, 0, 200, 300);
//

SaxataviPurceli->DrawArc(Kalami, Otxkutxedi, 0, 90);
}
, .
, 2 . ,
. (0,0), - (200,300).
.
DrawRectangle() . :
void graphics.DrawRectangle(Pen^ , Rectangle );
:
{
SaxataviPurceli->DrawRectangle(Kalami, Otxkutxedi);
}
DrawEllipse() . :
void graphics.DrawEllipse(Pen^ , Rectangle );
:
{
SaxataviPurceli->DrawEllipse(Kalami, Otxkutxedi);
}
DrawPie() . :
void graphics.DrawPie(Pen^ , Rectangle ,
float _, float _);
:
{
358

SaxataviPurceli->DrawPie(Kalami, Otxkutxedi, 0, 90);
}
DrawLine()
. :
void graphics.DrawLine(Pen^ , float x1, float y1, float x2, float y2);
x1 y1 , x2 y2 -
. :
{
SaxataviPurceli->DrawLine(Kalami, 0, 0, 100, 100);
}
DrawPolygon() . :
void graphics.DrawPolygon(Pen^ , array<Point>^ );
:
{
//
,
Point wertili1(50, 50);
array<Point>^ WertilebisMasivi = gcnew array<Point> (6)
{ wertili1, wertili2, wertili3, wertili4, wertili5, wertili6 };
SaxataviPurceli->DrawPolygon(Kalami, WertilebisMasivi);
}
DrawLines()
. :
void graphics.DrawLines(Pen^ , array<Point>^ );
:
{
//

array<Point>^ WertilebisMasivi = gcnew array<Point> (6)
{ wertili1, wertili2, wertili3, wertili4, wertili5, wertili6 };
359

SaxataviPurceli->DrawLines(Kalami, WertilebisMasivi);
}
Pen 4 .
:
Pen^ _ = gcnew Pen(Brush );
:
{
Brush^ PunjiSolid = gcnew SolidBrush(Color::Red);
Pen^ Kalami = gcnew Pen(PunjiSolid);
}
:
Pen^ _ = gcnew Pen(Color );
:
{
Pen^ Kalami = gcnew Pen(Color::Red);
}
:
Pen^ _ = gcnew Pen(Brush , float );
:
{
Pen^ Kalami = gcnew Pen(PunjiSolid, 3);
}
:
Pen^ _ = gcnew Pen(Color , float );
:
{
}
.
{
int x1 = 5, y1 = 5, x2 = 200, y2 = 200;
SaxataviPurceli->DrawLine(Kalami, x1, y1, x2, y2);
//
x1 = 5; y1 = 200; x2 = 200; y2 = 5;
//

Kalami->StartCap = Drawing2D::LineCap::ArrowAnchor;
//

Kalami->EndCap = Drawing2D::LineCap::Round;
SaxataviPurceli->DrawLine(Kalami, x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
Graphics SaxataviPurceli . Pen
Kalami , , - 5 .
, 1- . DrawLine (0,0)
360
(200, 200) .
(5, 200), - (200, 5). , . , (5, 200) (200, 5)
.

Brush .
.
15.9 .
15.9. Brush
HatchBrush

LinearGradientBrush

PathGradientBrush

SolidBrush

TextureBrush

, ,
, - , -
.
{
//

int x = 0;
int y = 0;
int Sigane = 200;
int Simagle = 300;
//

//

Rectangle Otxkutxedi(x, y, Sigane, Simagle);
//

//

Brush^ PunjiHatch = gcnew HatchBrush(HatchStyle::Horizontal, Color::Blue, Color::Yellow);
//

Brush^ PunjiGradient = gcnew LinearGradientBrush(Otxkutxedi, Color::Black, Color::Aqua, 45, false);
//
,
SaxataviPurceli->FillRectangle(PunjiGradient, Otxkutxedi);
SaxataviPurceli->FillEllipse(PunjiHatch, 5, 110, 100, 100);
SaxataviPurceli->FillPie(PunjiSolid, 60, 60, 120, 120, 270, 90);
361

DrawString() . :
void graphics.DrawString(String^ , Font^ , Brush^ , float x, float y);
.
{
float x = 10.0f;
float y = 10.0f;
String^ DasaxatiStriqoni = L" ";
//

//

System::Drawing::Font^ Shrifti = gcnew System::Drawing::Font(L"Sylfaen", 14);
//

SolidBrush^ Punji = gcnew SolidBrush(Color::Black);
//

SaxataviPurceli->DrawString(DasaxatiStriqoni, Shrifti, Punji, x, y);
}
.
{
float x = 10.0f;
float y = 10.0f;
String^ DasaxatiStriqoni = L" ";
//

//

System::Drawing::Font^ Shrifti = gcnew System::Drawing::Font(L"Sylfaen", 14);
//

SolidBrush^ Punji = gcnew SolidBrush(Color::Black);
//

StringFormat^ StriqonisFormati = gcnew StringFormat(StringFormatFlags::DirectionVertical);
//

SaxataviPurceli->DrawString(DasaxatiStriqoni, Shrifti, Punji, x, y, StriqonisFormati);
}

Bitmap . bmp, gif, jpg, png
tif . GDI+ ,
. 15.10 15.11 Bitmap
.
362
15.10. Bitmap
Flags
int
FrameDimensionsList
array<Guid>^
Height
int
HorizontalResolution
float
Palette
PhysicalDimension
PixelFormat
PropertyIDList
ColorPalette^
SizeF
PixelFormat
array<int>^
PropertyItems
RawFormat
Size
VerticalResolution
array
<PropertyItem^>^
ImageFormat^
Size
float
Width
int
-
,

/

,
PropertyItem ,

/

Bitmap 12 .
:
Bitmap(String^ _);
Bitmap(int , int );

.
{
Bitmap^ Gamosaxuleba2 = gcnew Bitmap("Surati.JPG");
SaxataviPurceli->DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba2, 5, 5, 250, 250);
}

.
{
OpenFileDialog^ Surati_Failidan = gcnew OpenFileDialog();
Bitmap^ Gamosaxuleba;
if ( Surati_Failidan->ShowDialog() == System::Windows::Forms::DialogResult::OK )
{
Gamosaxuleba = gcnew Bitmap(Surati_Failidan->FileName);
SaxataviPurceli->DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba, 5, 5, 250, 250);
}
}
363
15.11. Bitmap
Object^ Clone()
Bitmap
()
Bitmap^ FromHicon(IntPtr
Bitmap Windows-
_)
RectangleF GetBounds(
GraphicsUnit% )

int GetFrameCount(

FrameDimension^ )
IntPtr GetHicon()
Windows-
Color GetPixel(int x, int y)

void MakeTransparent()

void RotateFlip(

RotateFlipType )
int SelectActiveFrame(

FrameDimension^ ,
int _)
void SetPixel(int x, int y,

Color )
void SetResolution(

float xDpi, float yDpi)
SetPixel() (
) . :
void SetPixel(int x, int y, Color );
SetPixel()
.
{
Bitmap^ Gamosaxuleba1 = gcnew Bitmap(90, 90);
// = = 90
//

for ( int x = 0; x < Gamosaxuleba1->Height; ++x )
for ( int y = 0; y < Gamosaxuleba1->Width; ++y )
Gamosaxuleba1->SetPixel(x, y, Color::White);
//

for ( int x = 0; x < Gamosaxuleba1->Height; ++x )
Gamosaxuleba1->SetPixel(x, x, Color::Red);
//

SaxataviPurceli->DrawImage(Gamosaxuleba1, 0, 0, 100, 100);
}
364

- . .NET ,
, .
,
- .
. .NET
,
.
, .
, . .NET
: DES, RC2, Rijndael
Triple DES.
: .

. .NET :
RSA DSA.
, "" ,
. "" ,
. ,
, .
System::Security::Cryptography .

TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider .
15.12 , - 15.13 .
.
CryptoStream .
, CryptoStream
FileStream
, , NetworkStream
.
.
{
//

FileStream^ SafailoNakadi1 = File::Create("temp.txt");
//

TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider^ CriptoProvaideri = gcnew TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
//

CryptoStream^ CriptoNakadi =
gcnew CryptoStream(SafailoNakadi1, CriptoProvaideri->CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode::Write);
StreamWriter^ ChawerisNakadi = gcnew StreamWriter(CriptoNakadi);
ChawerisNakadi->WriteLine(L" ");
ChawerisNakadi->WriteLine(L" ");
365
ChawerisNakadi->Close();
//

FileStream^ SafailoNakadi2 = File::Create("encrypted.key");
BinaryWriter^ OrobitiNakadi = gcnew BinaryWriter(SafailoNakadi2);
OrobitiNakadi->Write(CriptoProvaideri->Key);
OrobitiNakadi->Write(CriptoProvaideri->IV);
OrobitiNakadi->Close();
}
15.12. TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
BlockSize
Int

FeedbackSize
Int
,

IV
Byte

Key
Byte

KeySize
Int

LegalBlockSizes
array<KeySizes^>^ ,
LegalKeySizes
array<KeySizes^>^ ,

Mode
CipherMode

Padding
PaddingMode
,
,
15.13. TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
void Clear()

ICryptoTransform^
,
CreateDecryptor()

ICryptoTransform^
,
CreateEncryptor()

void GenerateIV()

void GenerateKey()

bool ValidateKeySize(
,
int )
TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider
. CryptoStream
366
, . CryptoStream
. -,
. ,
. , CryptoStream
.
StreamWriter CryptoStream ,
, FileStream
, .
.
.
{
//

TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider^ CriptoProvaideri = gcnew TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider();
FileStream^ SafailoNakadi1 = File::OpenRead("encrypted.key");
BinaryReader^ OrobitiWamkitxavi = gcnew BinaryReader(SafailoNakadi1);
//

CriptoProvaideri->Key = OrobitiWamkitxavi->ReadBytes(24);
CriptoProvaideri->IV = OrobitiWamkitxavi->ReadBytes(8);
FileStream^ SafailoNakadi2 = File::OpenRead("temp.txt");
//

CryptoStream^ CriptoNakadi =
gcnew CryptoStream(SafailoNakadi2, CriptoProvaideri->CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode::Read);
StreamReader^ WakitxvisNakadi = gcnew StreamReader(CriptoNakadi);
label1->Text = WakitxvisNakadi->ReadToEnd()->ToString() + "\n" + L" = " +
CriptoProvaideri->KeySize.ToString() + "\n" + L" = " +
CriptoProvaideri->BlockSize.ToString();
label2->Text = L" = " + CriptoProvaideri->Mode.ToString();
WakitxvisNakadi->Close();
}
FileStream ,
CryptoStream , StreamReader
.

,
, .

.
{
//

//

label1->Text = "";
//

RSACryptoServiceProvider^ CriptoProvaideri = gcnew RSACryptoServiceProvider();
array<Byte>^ DasashifriMasivi = gcnew array<Byte> { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
//

367
array<Byte>^ DashifruliMasivi = CriptoProvaideri->Encrypt(DasashifriMasivi, false);

label1->Text = L" : \n";
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < DashifruliMasivi->GetLength(0); indexi++ )
label1->Text += DashifruliMasivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
//

array<Byte>^ GashifruliMasivi = CriptoProvaideri->Decrypt(DashifruliMasivi, false);
label1->Text += L" : \n";
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < GashifruliMasivi->GetLength(0); indexi++ )
label1->Text += GashifruliMasivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";
label2->Text += L" - " +
CriptoProvaideri->KeyExchangeAlgorithm->ToString() + "\n" +
L" = " + CriptoProvaideri->KeySize.ToString() + "\n";
}

(COM ) ,
.
. SerialPort .
15.14-15.15 .
. ,

. MODBUS
COM . ,
.
.
, :
- ;
- ;
- ,
;
- ;
- .
600
, ,
:
- ;
- ;
- ;
, , - ;
, , - ;
- .

:
Y = X1 * 2563 + X2 * 2562 + X3 * 2561 + X4 * 3560
368
Y , X1 , X2 ..
( ),
.
, Device Manager
.
.
.
using namespace using namespace System::IO::Ports;
.
{
//

BinaryWriter^ file_out= gcnew BinaryWriter(gcnew FileStream("faili.dat", FileMode::Create));
long long ricxvi1, ricxvi2;
//

array<Byte>^ buf13 = gcnew array<Byte>(13);
//

array<Byte>^ buf8 = gcnew array<Byte>(8);
SerialPort^ COM_Porti_1;
//

buf8[0] = 2;
//

buf8[1] = 3;
//

buf8[2] = 29;
//

buf8[3] = 79;
buf8[4] = 0;
//

buf8[5] = 2;
buf8[6] = 243;
//

buf8[7] = 131;
//

COM_Porti_1->PortName = textBox1->Text; //

COM_Porti_1->BaudRate = 38400;
//

COM_Porti_1->Parity = Parity::None;
//

COM_Porti_1->DataBits = 8;
//

COM_Porti_1->Open();
//

//

COM_Porti_1->Write(buf8,0,8);
Thread::Sleep(600);
//
600
//

wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = COM_Porti_1->Read(buf13,0,13);
//

ricxvi1 = buf13[3] * 256 * 256 * 256 + buf13[4] * 256 * 256 + buf13[5] * 256 + buf13[6];
ricxvi2 = buf13[7] * 256 * 256 * 256 + buf13[8] * 256 * 256 + buf13[9] * 256 + buf13[10];
//

file_out->Write(ricxvi1);
file_out->Write(ricxvi2);
369
file_out->Close();
//
label1->Text = COM_Porti_1->PortName;
//

label3->Text = L" = " + COM_Porti_1->BytesToRead.ToString() +
L"\n = " + COM_Porti_1->BytesToWrite.ToString();
//
COM_Porti_1->Close();
//

}
15.14. SerialPort
int BaudRate

int BytesToRead

int BytesToWrite

int DataBits

1 . 58
Encoding: Encoding

Handshake Handshake

.
None,
XonXoff,
RequestToSend,
RequestToSendXonXoff
bool IsOpen
true- false-
String^ NewLine
,
ReadLine() WriteLine()
Parity Parity
. None,
Odd, Even, Mark, Space
String^ PortName

int ReadBufferSize
()

int ReadTimeout
,
, - ,

StopBits StopBits
- . None, One,
Two, OnePointFive
int WriteBufferSize
()

int WriteTimeout
,
, - ,

370
15.15. SerialPort
void Close()
, IsOpen
false

void Dispose()

array<String^>^ GetPortNames()

void Open()

int Read(array<Byte>^ ,

int , int )

int Read(array<Char>^ ,

int , int )

int ReadByte()

int ReadChar()

String^ ReadExisting()

String^ ReadLine()

NewLine
String^ ReadTo(String^ )

void Write(String^ )

void Write(array<Byte>^ , int
, int )

void Write(array<Char>^ , int
, int )

void WriteLine(String^ )
NewLine

asm
C++
. asm . :
__asm _ [ ; ]
__asm { __ } [ ; ]
, C++ ,
. , , Template (.
2.2) Win32 Console Application . (. 15.1)
Finish , :
371
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[ ])
{
short ricxvi = 5;
//

__asm
{
mov ax, ricxvi
mov bx, 10
add ax, bx
mov ricxvi, ax
}
cout << "SUM = " << ricxvi;
//

cin >> ricxvi;
//

return 0;
}
C++ . .
//
//
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[ ])
{
short ricxvi;
//

__asm mov ricxvi, 55
cout << ricxvi;
cin >> ricxvi;
return 0;
}
372
. 15.1.
373
17. ADO.NET
Visual Studio .NET-
SQL
C++ Active Data Objects .NET
Framework ( ADO.NET). ,
SQL . SQL ,
. [2].
, Shekveta ,
: Personali, Shemkveti Xelshekruleba , View_3 , Chemi_Proc
Myproc_Par Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi .
:
.
. Chemi_Proc Personali .
Myproc_Par
. Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi
.
SQL ADO.NET
: C++
, , ,
, , ()
, .
. ,
. , ,
.. C++
,
().
, .
, .
(),
, SQL
.
Visual Studio .NET ,
.
374
Server Explorer .
, ().
, Visual Studio .NET , Tools
Connect to Database . Add Connection (. 16.1). Server name
() . Use SQL Server
Authentication User name Password
. Select or enter a database name . Ok
.
,
. Server Explorer (.
16.2), Server Explorer
. , View Server
Explorer . ROMANI-PC.Shekveta.dbo
, - Tables (. 16.3). Personali
,
Show Table Data . 16.4 Personali
.
SQL Show SQL Pane
(. 16.5). Ctrl+R
. SQL , ,
Show Diagram Pane (. 16.6).
Personal , ,
Properties .
375
. 16.1.
. 16.2.
. 16.3.
376
. 16.4.
. 16.5.
377
. 16.6.
ADO.NET
ADO.NET , C++ .NET Framework
. ADO.NET
.NET Framework .NET-
, C++- . System::Data
: System::Data::SqlClient
..
ADO.NET : Microsoft SQL
Server Microsoft Access, .
, . , DataSet
, ,
.
90-
Microsoft- ODBC (Open Database Connectivity
) .
, .
ODBC ,
,
.
378
OLE DB , ODBC-
.
. ADO.NET
OLE DB, ODBC . , ActiveX Data
Objects (ADO) . ADO ,
OLE DB .
ADO.NET
ADO.NET : ,
- ( , ) ,
- ( , )
(. 16. 7). -
-. , -
. -
() ,
.
ADO.NET
ADO.NET
Connection
DataSet
Command
DataRelation
DataTable
CommandBuilder
DataColumn
DataReader
DataRow
DataAdapter
. 16.7. ADO.NET
-
- .
DataSet .
. :
, (), ,
. . DataSet ,
, XML .
DataTable . , Personali
379
. DataSet DataTable
.
DataRow . .
DataTable DataRow
.
DataColumn . .
DataRow DataColumn
.
DataRelation . DataTable
. DataRelation
"-" .
DataSet DataRelation .
Constraint . ,
,
. DataTable Constraint
.
DataView . DataTable
. DataSet
DataView .
DataSet, DataTable, DataRow, DataColumn, DataRelation, Constraint DataView
System::Data .
-
- .
SqlConnection, OleDbConnection, OdbcConnection . SqlConnection
SQL .
OleDbConnection
, OLEDB (Object Linking and Embedding for Databases ) .
Oracle Access. OdbcConnection
, ODBC (Open Database Connectivity ) .
ODBC ,
.NET , , ,
.
SqlCommand, OleDbCommand, OdbcCommand .
SQL .

- .
SqlDataReader, OleDbDataReader, OdbcDataReader .
, SQL
,
OLEDB ODBC .
DataSet .
, , ,
DataSet .
SqlDataAdapter, OleDbDataAdapter, OdbcDataAdapter .
380
DataSet ,
SQL ,
, OLEDB ODBC .
SQL System::Data::SqlClient
. , ODBC
, System::Data::Odbc .
System.Data
C++ ADO.NET using
:
using System::Data
ADO.NET . ,
.NET ,
:
- SQL , using
using System::Data::SqlClient .
- SQL Oracle- ,
Access, using using
System::Data::OleDB .
- , OLE
DB . using using
System::Data::Odbc .
ADO.NET
DataReader
DataReader SELECT ()
. :
1. . , :
SqlConnection^ myConnection =
gcnew SqlConnection("server=ROMANI-PC; database=Shekveta; uid=sa; pwd=paroli");
myConnection , :
, SQL .
server . SQL ,
. ()
, , localhost ,
server = localhost. database , database = Shekveta.
uid , uid = sa. ,
, pwd , pwd=paroli.
2. :
myConnection->Open();
3. SELECT :
myCommand->CommandText = "SELECT gvari, ganyofileba, asaki, tarigi_dabadebis FROM Personali";
SELECT
. , SELECT
'*'.
381
4. SqlDataReader
. myCommand ExecuteReader() SqlDataReader
myReader . ExecuteReader() SELECT
- . -
myReader .
- - myReader
Read() . ,
SELECT true-,
, - false-. :
SqlDataReader^ myReader = myCommand->ExecuteReader();
for ( ; myReader->Read(); )
label1->Text += myReader["gvari"] + " " + myReader["ganyofileba"] + " " +
myReader["asaki"]->ToString() + " " + myReader["tarigi_dabadebis"] + "\n";
, , , Read()
true . ,
myReader , ,
myReader["gvari"]. - myReader[0].
"gvari" 0, SELECT ,
"ganyofileba" , 1 ..
5. DataReader- :
myReader->Close();
myConnection->Close();
, SQL
Shekveta Personali :
//
16.1
//
SQL Shekveta Personali
{
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//

SqlCommand^ myCommand = myConnection->CreateCommand();
//
SQL
//
DataReader-
//
,
//

myReader->Close();
//

382
}
Access ,
using System::Data::OleDb;
, 16.19 SqlConnection, SqlCommand SqlDataReader
OleDbConnection, OleDbCommand OleDbDataReader .
, , :
"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;
DataSource=C:\\Users\\Romani\\Documents\\ROMANI\\Access\\db5.mdb"
Provider OLE DB
Access , DataSource
, .
Access , db5.mdb
Personali :
{
//
16.2
//
Access Shekveta Personali
label1->Text = "";
//

OleDbConnection^ myConnection = gcnew OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data
Source=C:\\Users\\Romani\\Documents\\ROMANI\\Access\\db5.mdb");
//

//

OleDbCommand^ myCommand = myConnection->CreateCommand();
//
SQL
//
DataReader-
OleDbDataReader^ myReader = myCommand->ExecuteReader();
//

//

myReader->Close();
//

}
DataSet

DataSet
. 16.8 , DataSet DataRelation
DataTable . , DataTable DataRow , DataRow
DataColumn . , , DataSet
, Personali, Shemkveti Xelshekruleba,
383
(, ).
. DataSet Fill() .
,
( ) .
DataSet Tables , DataTable
.
, . ,
myDataSet.Tables["Personali"];
myDataSet.Tables[0];
, DataTable :
DataTable personaliTable = new DataTable();
personaliTable = myDataSet.Tables["Personali"];
, () .
DataSet
DataTable
DataRelation
DataRow
DataColumn
. 16.8. DataSet
Tables , Rows , DataRow
.
. ,
myDataSet->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[2];
, DataRow :
DataRow^ myRow = myDataSet->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3];
, 0- .
Rows ,
. ,
Object^ gvari_1 = myDataSet->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[2]["gvari"];
Object^ gvari_2 = myDataSet->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[2][1];
,
String^ gvari_3 = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[2]["gvari"]->ToString();
, 0- . ,
384
, ,
.
Shekveta
Personali myDataSet :
{
//
16.3
//
//

SqlConnection^ myConnection = gcnew SqlConnection("server=ROMANI-PC; database=Shekveta;
uid=sa; pwd=paroli");
//

//
DataAdapter
SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT gvari, ganyofileba, asaki,
tarigi_dabadebis FROM Personali", myConnection);
//
DataSet ,
DataSet^ myDataset = gcnew DataSet();
//
myDataset Personali
myAdapter->Fill(myDataset,"Personali");
//
Personali
dataGridView1->DataSource = myDataset;
dataGridView1->DataMember = "Personali";
//

}
:
myAdapter->Fill(myDataset,"Personali");
myDataset DataTable Personali ,
Shekveta Personali . Fill()
myAdapter SELECT . , Personali
, ( )
myDataset . 16. 9 .
DataSet ,
() .
,
. myAdapter -,
, .
. ,
,
. , , DataReader
.
Personali label :
for each ( DataRow^ theRow in myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows )
label1->Text += theRow["gvari"] + " " + theRow["ganyofileba"] + " " +
theRow["asaki"]->ToString() + " " + theRow["tarigi_dabadebis"] + "\n";
dataGridView
.
385
DataSet
DataRelation
DataTable
DataRow
DataColumn
. 16. 9.
SELECT :
SqlDataAdapter^ personaliAdapter =
gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Personali", myConnection);
Fill() Personali
. ,
.
100 000-, .
, , .
, SELECT
, , :
SqlDataAdapter^ personaliAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter(
"SELECT gvari, staji, xelfasi FROM Personali", myConnection);
, ,
,
.
, SELECT
WHERE . , ,
. , ,
20 . SELCET :
SELECT * FROM Personali WHERE staji >= 20
:
SELECT gvari, asaki, staji, xelfasi FROM Personali WHERE staji >= 20
386
DataSet
. SELECT
WHERE .
, DataSet .
myDataSet Personali, Shemkveti Xelshekruleba
:
{
//
16.4
//
Personali, Shemkveti Xelshekruleba
//
myDataset
//

//

//
DataSet ,
//
DataAdapter
SqlDataAdapter^ shemkvetiAdapter =
gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Shemkveti", myConnection);
SqlDataAdapter^ xelshekrulebaAdapter =
gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Xelshekruleba", myConnection);
//

personaliAdapter->Fill(myDataset, "Personali");
shemkvetiAdapter->Fill(myDataset, "Shemkveti");
xelshekrulebaAdapter->Fill(myDataset, "Xelshekruleba");
//

dataGridView1->DataMember = "Personali";
dataGridView2->DataMember = "Shemkveti";
dataGridView3->DataMember = "Xelshekruleba";
//

}

DataView . ,

, 30 . :
{
//
16.5
//
Personali
//
dataView
387
//

//

//
DataAdapter
SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Personali", myConnection);
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
myAdapter->Fill(myDataset, "Personali");
//

//
dataView1 Personali
DataView^ dataView1 = gcnew DataView(myDataset->Tables["Personali"]);
//

dataView1->RowFilter = L"ganyofileba = '' AND asaki > 50";
//

dataGridView1->DataSource = dataView1;
}
dataView1 RowFilter
, .
:
dataView1->RowFilter = "";
textBox :
dataView1->RowFilter = textBox1->Text;
, textBox .
, 1990 1
, dataView1 RowFilter :
dataView1->RowFilter = L"tarigi_dabadebis > '01.01.1990'"
dateTimePicker1 :
dataView1->RowFilter = L"tarigi_dabadebis > '" + dateTimePicker1->Value.ToString() + "'";

DataView .
Personali ganyofileba
asaki :
{
//
16.6
//
Personali
//
dataView
//

//

//
DataAdapter
388

//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//

//
dataView1 Personali
DataView^ dataView1 = gcnew DataView(myDataset->Tables["Personali"]);
//

dataView1->Sort = "ganyofileba, asaki DESC";
//

dataGridView1->DataSource = dataView1;
}
:
dataView1->Sort = "";

Find() .
. .
,
. ,
.
Personali :
{
//
16.7
//
Personali
label1->Text = "";
//

int find_key = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

//

//

//
SqlCommandBuilder SQL
SqlCommandBuilder^ myBuilder = gcnew SqlCommandBuilder(myAdapter);
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//

array<DataColumn^>^ keys = gcnew array<DataColumn^>(1);
keys[0] = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Columns["PersonaliID"];
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->PrimaryKey = keys;
389
//
findRow
DataRow^ findRow = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Find(find_key);
//
,
if ( findRow->IsNull("PersonaliID") == false )
label1->Text = L" : " + findRow["gvari"] + " " + findRow["xelfasi"]->ToString();
//

}
textBox1.Text
find_key . Personali PersonaliID .
:
, DataColumn keys ,
.
, keys DataColumn . ,
Personali PersonaliID . - DataTable Personali
PrimaryKey keys .
Rows
Find() . DataRow (),
findRow .
. , Find()
. ,
, .
find_key textBox1 .
Find() DataRow
, , null . if
:

.

.
:
- DataSet , .
- DataSet .
- DataSet .
Personali -4 ( 3)
"asaki" . SELECT (personaliID)
.
{
//
16.8
//
Personali
390
//

SqlConnection^ myConnection = gcnew
SqlConnection("server=ROMANI-PC; database=Shekveta; uid=sa; pwd=paroli");
//

myConnection.Open();
//

SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter(
"SELECT personaliID, gvari, ganyofileba, asaki, tarigi_dabadebis FROM Personali", myConnection);
//
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//

label1->Text = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["asaki"]->ToString() + "\n";
//
Personalis -3
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["asaki"] = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//
Update
myAdapter->Update(myDataset, "Personali");
//

label2->Text = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["asaki"]->ToString();
//

}
SQL :
INSERT, UPDATE DELETE, . ,
SqlCommandBuilder . myAdapter
. myBuilder SQL
() myAdapter .
myAdapter Update() myDataset Personali
Shekveta . Personali
, . Rows
RowState , ,
, . Update()
. , Update()
.
, ,
, ()
:
myDataset Personali
Shekveta Personali .
:
label2.Text = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["asaki"]->ToString();
:
DataTable^ personaliTable = myDataset->Tables["Personali"];
391
DataRow^ myRow = personaliTable->Rows[3];

Object^ asaki = myRow["asaki"];
label2->Text = asaki->ToString();
, . ,
, .
,
:
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["gvari"] = textBox1->Text;
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["ganyofileba"] = textBox3->Text;
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[3]["tarigi_dabadebis"] = dateTimePicker1->Value;
, :
DataTable^ personaliTable = myDataset->Tables["Personali"];
DataRow^ myRow = personaliTable->Rows[3];
myRow["gvari"] = textBox1->Text;
myRow["asaki"] = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
myRow["ganyofileba"] = textBox3->Text;
myRow["tarigi_dabadebis"] = dateTimePicker1->Value;
SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT DELETE
CommandBuilder , SQL ,
. : INSERT, UPDATE DELETE.
SELECT .

CommandBuilder GetInsertCommand(), GetUpdateCommand() GetDeleteCommand()
. :
{
//
16.9
//
INSERT, UPDATE DELETE
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//

SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT personaliID, gvari FROM Personali",
myConnection);
//
label1->Text += myAdapter->SelectCommand->CommandText + "\n";
//
UPDATE
SqlCommand^ updateCommand = myBuilder->GetUpdateCommand();
label1->Text += updateCommand->CommandText + "\n";
//
INSERT
SqlCommand^ insertCommand = myBuilder->GetInsertCommand();
label1->Text += insertCommand->CommandText + "\n";
392
//
DELETE
SqlCommand^ deleteCommand = myBuilder->GetDeleteCommand();
label1->Text += deleteCommand->CommandText + "\n";
//

}
:

:
- DataRow .
- .
- DataSet Rows .
- Update() .
Personali :
{
//
16.10
//
Personali
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//

"SELECT personaliID, gvari, xelfasi, staji, tarigi_dabadebis FROM Personali", myConnection);
//
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//

label1->Text = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Count.ToString() + "\n";
//

DataRow^ myRow = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->NewRow();
//

myRow["gvari"] = textBox1->Text;
myRow["staji"] = textBox2->Text;
myRow["xelfasi"] = textBox3->Text;
myRow["tarigi_dabadebis"] = dateTimePicker1->Value.ToString();
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Add(myRow);
393
//

label1->Text += myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Count.ToString() + "\n";
//
Update
//

}
:
label1->Text = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Count.ToString() + "\n";
Rows Count , Personali
. ,
.
, DataRow myRow myDataset NewRow()
. myRow Personali
,
SELECT .
. , object
, , "staji" :
myRow["staji"] = textBox2->Text;
:
myRow["staji"] = Convert::ToDouble(textBox2->Text);
.
,
myRow Personali Rows Add() :
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Add(myRow);
, Update()
.
Personali personaliID, gvari, xelfasi, staji,
tarigi_dabadebis . null .
, ,
SELECT , .
, SELECT ganyofileba :
"SELECT
personaliID, gvari, xelfasi, staji, tarigi_dabadebis, ganyofileba FROM Personali",
myConnection);
, :
myRow["ganyofileba"] = Convert::ToDouble(textBox4->Text);
, ,
SELECT - .
, , .
'*' , .

.
DataRow Delete() .
, . Delete() Update()
. , Delete() ,
394
. Update() ,
, .
{
//
16.11
//
Personali
label1->Text = "";
//
find_key
int find_key = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

//

//

SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT personaliID, gvari, xelfasi, staji,
//
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//

//
findRow
DataRow^ findRow = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows->Find(find_key);
//

{
//

findRow->Delete();
}
//

}
, , ,
. ,
BindingSource Find() . ,
, .
, , - -1.
Personali :
{
395
//
16.12
//
Personali
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//

SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT personaliID, gvari, xelfasi, staji,
//
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//
bind Personali
BindingSource^ bind = gcnew BindingSource(myDataset, myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->ToString());
//
index
int index = bind->Find("gvari", textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = index.ToString() + "\n";
//

if ( index != -1 )
{
//
findRow
DataRow^ findRow = myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[index];
label1->Text += findRow["PersonaliID"]->ToString() + " " + findRow["gvari"];
//

{
//

findRow->Delete();
label1->Text += L" ";
}
else label1->Text += L" ";
}
//

}

(, ) DataRelation
396
. DataTable . Personali
Shemkveti . Personali
, Shemkveti - .
. Personali .
personaliID . Shemkveti .
personaliID . Personali
Shemkveti .
DataRelation Relations Add() :
DataRelation^ personaliShemkvetiRelation = myDataset->Relations->Add("PersonaliShemkveti",
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Columns["PersonaliID"],
myDataset->Tables["Shemkveti"]->Columns["PersonaliID"]);
Add() , - ,
- .
:
{
//
16.13
//
Personali Shemkveti
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//

SqlDataAdapter^ myAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT personaliID, gvari, xelfasi,
//
//
DataSet ,
//
DataAdapter
SqlDataAdapter^ personaliAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Personali",
myConnection);
SqlDataAdapter^ shemkvetiAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Shemkveti",
myConnection);
//
myDataset Personali Shemkveti
shemkvetiAdapter->Fill(myDataset, "Shemkveti");
//

DataRelation^ personaliShemkvetiRelation = myDataset->Relations->Add("PersonaliShemkveti",
myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Columns["PersonaliID"],
myDataset->Tables["Shemkveti"]->Columns["PersonaliID"]);
//

for each ( DataRow^ personaliRow in myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows )
{
label1->Text += personaliRow["PersonaliID"]->ToString() + " " + personaliRow["gvari"] + "\n";
for each ( DataRow^ shemkvetiRow in personaliRow->GetChildRows(personaliShemkvetiRelation) )
397
label1->Text += " " + shemkvetiRow["ShemkvetiID"]->ToString() + " " + shemkvetiRow["gvari"] +

"\n";
}
//

}
, personaliAdapter
shemkvetiAdapter . myDataset .
personaliShemkvetiRelation .
foreach label Personali , foreach
Shemkveti . , Personali
Shemkveti ,
DataRow GetChildRows() ,
personaliShemkvetiRelation .
SQL
, ,
,
SQL-. SQL SqlComman OleDbCommand
. , SQL- .

SQL ,
, .. SlqCommand
ExecuteScalar() . .
:
{
//
16.14
//

label1->Text = "";
//
Personali
//

//
myCommand
//
SELECT
myCommand->CommandText = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Personali";
//
countResult
Object^ countResult = myCommand->ExecuteScalar();
//

label1->Text = countResult->ToString();
//

398
}
myCommand , CommandText
SELECT .
myCommand ExecuteScalar() .
.
, ,
, SELECT :
myCommand->CommandText =
"SELECT AVG(asaki) FROM Personali WHERE ganyofileba = N''";
UPDATE
INSERT, UPDATE DELETE
, SqlCommand
ExecuteNonQuery() , ,
.
10%-.
{
//
16.15
//
UPDATE
label1->Text = "";
//

//

//
myCommand
//
UPDATE
myCommand->CommandText = "UPDATE Personali SET xelfasi = xelfasi * 1.1";
//
UPDATE
int rowsAffected = myCommand->ExecuteNonQuery();
//

label1->Text = rowsAffected.ToString();
//

}
myCommand , CommandText
UPDATE . ExecuteNonQuery()
, .
rowsAffected . Button
16.3 .
UPDATE WHERE ,
. ,
10%- UPDATE :
myCommand->CommandText =
"UPDATE Personali SET xelfasi = xelfasi * 1.1 WHERE ganyofileba = N''";
, UPDATE .
399
Shekveta Personali
,
:
{
//
16.16
//
UPDATE
//

//

//
mySqlCommand
SqlCommand^ mySqlCommand = myConnection->CreateCommand();
//
UPDATE
mySqlCommand->CommandText = "UPDATE Personali SET gvari = @gvari, ganyofileba =
@ganyofileba, qalaqi = @qalaqi, " + "xelfasi = @xelfasi, asaki = @asaki, staji = @staji, tarigi_dabadebis =
@tarigi_dabadebis " + "WHERE (personaliID = @personaliID)";
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@personaliID", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@gvari", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 20);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@ganyofileba", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 20);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@qalaqi", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 20);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@xelfasi", SqlDbType::Float, 8);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@asaki", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@staji", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@tarigi_dabadebis", SqlDbType::DateTime, 8);
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters["@personaliID"]->Value = Convert::ToInt32(textBox7->Text);
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@gvari"]->Value = textBox1->Text;
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@ganyofileba"]->Value = textBox2->Text;
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@qalaqi"]->Value = textBox3->Text;
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@xelfasi"]->Value = Convert::ToDouble(textBox4->Text);
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@asaki"]->Value = Convert::ToInt32(textBox5->Text);
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@staji"]->Value = Convert::ToInt32(textBox6->Text);
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@tarigi_dabadebis"]->Value = dateTimePicker1->Value;
//
UPDATE
int rowsAffected = mySqlCommand->ExecuteNonQuery();
//

//

}
,
( 16.1).
bindingSource1 Find()
.
:
400
{
//
16.17
//
UPDATE
//

//

//

//
//
DataSet ,
//
myDataset Personali
//
personaliBind Personali
BindingSource^ personaliBind = gcnew BindingSource(myDataset, "Personali");
//

int index = personaliBind->Find("gvari", textBox1->Text);
if ( index != -1 )
{
//
mySqlCommand
//
UPDATE
mySqlCommand->CommandText =
"UPDATE Personali SET ganyofileba = @ganyofileba, qalaqi = @qalaqi, " +
"xelfasi = @xelfasi, asaki = @asaki, staji = @staji, tarigi_dabadebis = @tarigi_dabadebis " +
"WHERE (personaliID = @personaliID)";
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@personaliID", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
//mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@gvari", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 20);
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters["@personaliID"]->Value =
Convert::ToInt32(myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[index][0]);
//mySqlCommand->Parameters["@gvari"]->Value = textBox1->Text;
401
//
UPDATE
}
//

}
, .
.
textBox
:
{
//
16.18
//
UPDATE
//

//

//
mySqlCommand
//
UPDATE
"UPDATE Personali SET xelfasi = xelfasi + @xelfasi WHERE (ganyofileba = @ganyofileba)";
//

//

//
UPDATE
//

}
402
16.1. SqlDbType
BigInt
64- , 263263-1 (-92233720368547758089223372036854775807)
Binary
, 8000
Bit
, 0, 1 null
Char
, 8000 Unicode
DateTime
1753 1 9999 31
Decimal

-1038-11038-1 (-79228162514264337593543950335
79228162514264337593543950335)
Float
-1.79E+3081.79E+308
Image
, 231-1 (2147483647)
Int
32- ,
-231231-1 (-21474836482147483647)
Money
-922337203685477.5808922337203685477.5807
NChar
Unicode . 4000
NText
Unicode . 230-1
(1073741823)
NVarChar
Unicode . 4000
Real
-3.40E+383.40E+38
SmallDateTime
1900 1 2079 6
SmallInt
16-
SmallMoney
-214748.3648214748.3647
Text
, 231-1 (2147483647)
Unicode
Timestamp
yyyymmddhhmmss
(/////)
TinyInt
8- 028-1 (255)
UniqueIdentifier
GUID (Globally Unique IDentifier -
)
VarBinary
, 8000
VarChar
8000 ,
Unicode
Variant
, ,
,
INSERT
Shekveta Personali
INSERT .
:
{
//
16.19
//
INSERT
//

403
//

//
mySqlCommand
//
INSERT
"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis) " +
"VALUES (@gvari, @ganyofileba, @qalaqi, @xelfasi, @asaki, @staji, @tarigi_dabadebis)";
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@gvari", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 20);
//

mySqlCommand->Parameters["@gvari"]->Value = textBox1->Text;
//
INSERT
//

}
, INSERT Personali
personaliID, Identity Yes

.
DELETE
Shekveta Personali DELETE
.
textBox .
:
{
//
16.20
//
DELETE
//

404

//

//
mySqlCommand
//
DELETE
mySqlCommand->CommandText = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (PersonaliID = @PersonaliID)";
//
mySqlCommand
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@PersonaliID", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@PersonaliID"]->Value = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//
DELETE
//

}
bindingSource1 Find()
. ,
Personali ; .
, "gvari" , textBox1
. :
{
//
16.21
//
DELETE
//

//

//
DataSet ,
//
SELECT
//
myDataset Personali
//
bind1 myDataset Personali
BindingSource^ bind1 = gcnew BindingSource(myDataset, "Personali");
//

int index = bind1->Find("gvari", textBox1->Text);
if ( index != -1 )
{
//
DELETE
mySqlCommand->CommandText = "DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (PersonaliID = @PersonaliID)";
//
mySqlCommand
mySqlCommand->Parameters->Add("@PersonaliID", SqlDbType::Int, 4);
405
mySqlCommand->Parameters["@PersonaliID"]->Value =
Convert::ToInt32(myDataset->Tables["Personali"]->Rows[index][0]);
//
DELETE
}
//

}
, , .
() ,
. dateTimePicker
.
{
//
16.22
//
DELETE
//

//

//
DataSet ,
//
SELECT
//
myDataset Personali
//
mySqlCommand
//
DELETE
"DELETE FROM Personali WHERE (tarigi_dabadebis < @tarigi_dabadebis)";
//
mySqlCommand
//
DELETE
//

}
ADO.NET
ADO.NET SqlTransaction .
, Personali Shemkveti INSERT
.
406
, :
1. SqlTransaction SqlConnection
BeginTransaction() .
2. SqlCommand SQL .
3. SqlCommand Transaction .
4. INSERT .
5. SqlCommand CommandText INSERT
.
6. INSERT SqlCommand ExecuteNonQuery()
.
7. INSERT .
8. SqlCommand CommandText INSERT
.
9. INSERT SqlCommand ExecuteNonQuery()
.
10. SqlTransaction Commit() .
, :
{
//
16.23
//

//

//

//
mySqlTransaction
SqlTransaction^ mySqlTransaction = myConnection->BeginTransaction();
//
mySqlCommand
//
mySqlTransaction mySqlCommand
mySqlCommand->Transaction = mySqlTransaction;
//
INSERT
L"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis) " +
L"VALUES (N' ', N'', N'', 555.55, 50, 5, '2005.11.23')";
//
INSERT
label1->Text = rowsAffected.ToString() + " ";
//
INSERT
L"INSERT INTO Personali (gvari, ganyofileba, qalaqi, xelfasi, asaki, staji, tarigi_dabadebis) " +
L"VALUES (N' ', N'', N'', 777.55, 70, 7, '2000.05.20')";
//
INSERT
rowsAffected = mySqlCommand->ExecuteNonQuery();
label1->Text += rowsAffected.ToString();
//

mySqlTransaction->Commit();
407
//

}

SQL- ,
.
,
ExecuteScalar() ExecuteNonQuery() .
, ExecuteReader() .
, ,
.

, :
{
//
16.24
//

label1->Text = "";
//

//

//
myCommand
//
myCommand Myproc_Par
myCommand->CommandType = CommandType::StoredProcedure;
myCommand->CommandText = "Myproc_Par";
//
myCommand
myCommand->Parameters->Add("@ganyofileba", SqlDbType::NVarChar, 30);
myCommand->Parameters["@ganyofileba"]->Value = textBox1->Text;
//
Myproc_Par
//
myReader
//
myReader
label1->Text += myReader["gvari"]->ToString() + " " + myReader["qalaqi"] + " " +
myReader["staji"]->ToString() + "\n";
//

myReader->Close();
//

}
, Myproc_Par
myCommand CommandText . ,
Add() :
, textBox
408
. , myCommand ExecuteReader()
.
, Fill()
.
, .
:
{
//
16.25
//
Myproc_Par
//

//

SqlConnection^ mySqlConnection =
gcnew SqlConnection("server=ROMANI-PC;database=Shekveta;uid=sa;pwd=paroli");
//

mySqlConnection->Open();
//
mySqlCommand
SqlCommand^ mySqlCommand = mySqlConnection->CreateCommand();
//
mySqlCommand
//
mySqlCommand
mySqlCommand->CommandText = "dbo.Myproc_Par";
mySqlCommand->CommandType = CommandType::StoredProcedure;
//

SqlDataAdapter^ mySqlDataAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter();
mySqlDataAdapter->SelectCommand = mySqlCommand;
//
myDataSet
DataSet^ myDataSet = gcnew DataSet();
//
Myproc_Par
mySqlDataAdapter->Fill(myDataSet, "Myproc_Par");
//

dataGridView1->DataSource = myDataSet;
dataGridView1->DataMember = "Myproc_Par";
//

mySqlConnection->Close();
}
,
. SqlCommand ExecuteScalar()
. :
{
//
16.26
//
ExecuteScalar()
label1->Text = "";
//

//

409
//
myCommand
//

myCommand->CommandType = CommandType::StoredProcedure;
myCommand->CommandText = "Myproc_Par";
//
myCommand
myCommand->Parameters["@ganyofileba"]->Value = textBox1->Text;
//
Myproc_Par
Object^ countResult = myCommand->ExecuteScalar();
//

label1->Text = countResult->ToString();
//

}

,
. ,
.
:
{
//
16.27
//

//

SqlConnection^ mySqlConnection =
//

mySqlConnection->Open();
//
mySqlCommand
SqlCommand^ mySqlCommand = mySqlConnection->CreateCommand();
//
mySqlCommand
//
SELECT
mySqlCommand->CommandText = "SELECT dbo.Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi(@ganyofileba)";
//

SqlDataAdapter^ mySqlDataAdapter = gcnew SqlDataAdapter();
//
SELECT
mySqlDataAdapter->SelectCommand = mySqlCommand;
//
Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi
DataSet^ myDataSet = gcnew DataSet();
//
Maqsimaluri_Xelfasi
Object^ maqsimaluri_xelfasi = mySqlCommand->ExecuteScalar();
//

label1->Text = maqsimaluri_xelfasi->ToString();
410
//

mySqlConnection->Close();
}
411
1.
2. C++

,
:
2.1.1.
x2
y 1 x
2
2.1.2.
x 2 z2
y
x 2 z2
1
2
y
2.1.3.
x 1
4
y 1 x
1
ex 2
x 4
x
2.1.4.
2.1.5.
y sinx 3 cos 3 x 4 e
, :
2.1.6. , J
U
.
R
2.1.7. .
2.1.8. .
2.1.9. ,
ah
.
2
2.1.10. S p(p a)(p b)(p c) .

2.1.11. , p a b c .
2.1.12. .
2.1.13. .
2.1.14. , C 2.
2.1.15. , S r 2 .
2.1.16. , S
ab
h.
2
2.1.17. .
412

,
:
2.2.1.
y x1 & &x2 || x3 & &! x4 , x1=true, x2=false, x3=true, x4=false
2.2.2.
y x1 ||! x2 & &x3 || x4 ,
x1=false, x2=false, x3=true, x4=true
y ! x1 || x2 ||! x3 & &x4 ,
x1=false, x2=true, x3=true, x4=false
2.2.3.
2.2.4.
y ! x1 & &! x2 & &x3 || x4 , x1=true, x2=true, x3=false, x4=false
3.
if
, :
3.1.1. . textBox . label
.
3.1.2. .
3.1.3. 5- .
3.1.4. 30- .
3.1.5. 10-.
3.1.6. -2,01-.
3.1.7. 15-.
3.1.8. 23-.
3.1.9. .
3.1.10. .
if
, :
3.2.1. .
3.2.2. .
3.2.3. .
3.2.4. .
3.2.5. 7- .
3.2.6. .
3.2.7. .
3.2.8. .
3.2.9. .
3.2.10. 5- .
3.2.11. 10- .
3.2.12. 5- .
3.2.13. 50- .
, :
3.3.1. x 0 < x 17 .
3.3.2. x 10 x < 19 .
413
3.3.3. x 25- 100- .

3.3.4. x 30- 5- .
3.3.5. .
3.3.6. 7- .
for, while, do-while
1 1 1 1

2 3 4 5
1 1 1 1
1
4
3 5 7 9
ln 2 1
3.4.1.
3.4.2.
2
3.4.3.
2
3.4.4.
1 1 1 1

22 32 4 2 52
1 1 1 1

32 52 7 2 92
3.4.5.
x 2 x3 x 4 x5
ln(1 x) x
2
3 4
5
3.4.6.
x 2 x3 x 4 x5
ln(1 x) x
2 3 4 5
3.4.7.
x3 x5 x7 x9
arctgx x
3 5 7
9
3.4.8.
1
1 x x2 x3 x4 x5
1 x
3.4.9.
1
1 x x 2 x3 x 4 x5
1 x
1
1
1 3
x x2
x
2
8
16
1
1
3
5
1 x x 2 x3
2
8
16
1 x
1 x 1
3.4.10.
3.4.11.
arcsin x x
3.4.12.
3.4.13.
3.4.14.
1 3
1 3 5
x
x
23
3 4 5
1 x
x3 x5 x7
ln
2( x
)
1 x
3
5
7
1 2 3 4 5 6
y
3 4 5 6 7 8
414
, :
3.4.15. 5- 27- .
3.4.16. 10- 20- .
3.4.17. 8- 20- 50- .
3.4.18. 10- 70- , 8- .
continue, break
, :
3.5.1. 1- 20- , 24- .
3.5.2. 4- 6- 79- , 4-
50- .
3.5.3. 9- 2- 47- , 9-
30- .
4. ,

, :
4.1.1. M10 .
4.1.2. M10 .
4.1.3. M10 .
4.1.4. M10 .
4.1.5. M10 .
4.1.6. M10 .
4.1.7. M10 .
4.1.8. M10 .
4.1.9. M10 .
4.1.10. M10 .
4.1.11. M10 .
4.1.12. M10 .
4.1.13. M10 .
4.1.14. M10 N10 .
4.1.15. M10 .
4.1.16. M10 .
4.1.17. M10 .
4.1.18. M10 .
4.1.19. M10 .
4.1.20. M10 , b .
4.1.21. M10 , b .
4.1.22. M10
.
4.1.23. M10 .
4.1.24. M10 .
4.1.25. , M10
.
4.1.26. , M10
415
.
4.1.27. M10 , 20-
.
4.1.28. M10 N10 , 20-
.
4.1.29. M10 ,
.
4.1.30. M10 N10 .
4.1.31. M10 5- N10 .
4.1.32. M10 N10 .
4.1.33. M10 N5 .
4.1.34. M10 N5 .
4.1.35. M20 A10 ,
- B10 .
4.1.36. M10 N10 .
4.1.37. M10 N10 .
4.1.38. M10 N5 .
4.1.39. M10 3- N10 .
4.1.40. A10 B10
M20 .
4.1.41. M10
N .
4.1.42. N M10 , 5- 1 4- .
4.1.43. M10 0-.
4.1.44. M10 .
4.1.45. M10 () .
4.1.46. M10 ,
,
. .
4.1.47. A10 , M10
, - .
4.1.48. M10 ,
, - .
4.1.49. M10 n .
4.1.50. M10 n .
4.1.51. M10 .
4.1.52. M10 .
4.1.53. M10 N10 .
4.1.54. M10 N10 .
4.1.55. M10
.
4.1.56. M10 .
4.1.57. M10 .
4.1.58. M10 .
4.1.59. M10 .
4.1.60. M10 .
416
4.1.61. M10 , .
4.1.62. M10 , .
4.1.63. M10 5- ,
.
. ;
. .

, :
4.2.1. A5,5 .
4.2.2. A5,5 .
4.2.3. A5,5 .
4.2.4. A5,5 .
4.2.5. A5,5 .
4.2.6. A5,5 .
4.2.7. A5,5 .
4.2.8. A5,5 .
4.2.9. A5,5 .
4.2.10. A5,5 .
4.2.11. A5,5 .
4.2.12. A5,5 .
4.2.13. A5,5 .
4.2.14. A5,5 .
4.2.15. A5,5 6- .
4.2.16. A5,5 .
4.2.17. A5,5 4- .
4.2.18. A5,5 , 20-
.
4.2.19. A5,5 M25 , 20-
.
4.2.20. A5,5 B25 .
4.2.21. A5,5 B25 .
4.2.22. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.23. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.24. A5,5
B5 .
4.2.25. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.26. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.27. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.28. A5,5
B5 .
4.2.29. A5,5
B5 .
4.2.30. A5,5 ,
417
B5,5 .
4.2.31. A5,5 ,
B5 .
4.2.32. A5,5 B5
.
4.2.33. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.34. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.35. A5,5 B5 .
4.2.36. A5,5
B3 .
4.2.37. A5,5
B2 .
4.2.38. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.39. A5,5 , .
B5 .
4.2.40. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.41. A5,5 ,
. B5 .
4.2.42. A5,5 ,
.
4.2.43. A5,5 .
4.2.44. A5,5 .
4.2.45. A5,5 1-.
4.2.46. A5,5
.
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{
double x, y;
x = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
y = ( 1 + x ) * ( x - Math::Sqrt(x - 1) / 4 ) / ( Math::Exp(x) + 1 / ( Math::Pow(x, 2) + 4 ) );
label1->Text = Math::Round(y, 2).ToString();
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{
int a, b, c, Perimetri;
double Partobi;
a = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
b = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
c = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
Perimetri = ( a + b + c ) / 2;
Partobi = Math::Sqrt( Perimetri * ( Perimetri - a ) * ( Perimetri - b ) * ( Perimetri - c ) );
label1->Text = Math::Round(Partobi, 2).ToString();
}

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{
bool y, x1, x2, x3, x4;
x1 = Convert::ToBoolean(textBox1->Text);
y = !x1 && !x2 && x3 || x4;
label1->Text = y.ToString();
// x1 = True
// x2 = True
// x3 = False
// x4 = False
// y = False
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438
int ricxvi;
if ( ricxvi % 5 == 0 ) label1->Text = L" 5- ";
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{
if ( ricxvi1 >= ricxvi2 ) label1->Text = L" ";
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if ( ricxvi1 >= ricxvi2 )
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if ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
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else if ( ricxvi3 < 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
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439
if ( ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) || ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) || ( ricxvi1 < 0 ) )

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int raodenoba = 0;
if ( ricxvi1 % 2 == 1 ) raodenoba++;
label1->Text = raodenoba.ToString();
}
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if ( ( ricxvi >= 10 ) && ( ricxvi < 19 ) )
}
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if ( ( ricxvi < 25 ) || ( ricxvi > 100 ) )
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{
double jami = 0;
int mnishvneli, minusi = -1;
for (mnishvneli = 1; mnishvneli <= 5; mnishvneli++)
{
minusi *= -1;
jami += minusi * ( 1.0 / mnishvneli);
}
label1->Text = Math::Round(jami, 2).ToString();
}
440
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{
double ricxvi, jami = 0;
int mnishvneli;
for ( mnishvneli = 1; mnishvneli <= 7; mnishvneli += 2 )
jami += Math::Pow(ricxvi, mnishvneli) / mnishvneli;
jami *= 2;
label1->Text = Math::Round(jami, 2).ToString();
}
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{
int jami = 0;
if ( ricxvi % 2 == 1 ) jami += ricxvi;
}

{
int jami = 0;
for ( int ricxvi = 11; ricxvi <= 20; ricxvi += 2 )
jami += ricxvi;
}
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{
int jami = 0;
if ( jami > 24 ) break;
else jami += ricxvi;
}
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int raodenoba = 0;
{
if ( ricxvi % 4 == 0 ) raodenoba++;
if ( ricxvi > 50 ) break;
441
}
}
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{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, -5, 20, -2, 4};
int max = masivi[0], maxind = 0;
for ( int indexi = 1; indexi < masivi.Length; indexi++ )
if ( max < masivi[indexi] )
{
max = masivi[indexi];
maxind = indexi;
}
label1->Text = L" - " + max.ToString() + "\n" +
L" - " + maxind.ToString();
}
4.1.8.
{
int jami = 0;
if ( masivi[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi[indexi];
label1->Text = L" - " + jami.ToString();
}
4.1.9.
{
int raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) raodenoba++;
label1->Text = L" - " + raodenoba.ToString();
}
442
4.1.12.
{
int jami = 0;
for ( int indexi = 0; indexi < masivi->Length; indexi += 2 )
if ( masivi[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi[indexi];
label1->Text = L" - " + jami.ToString();
}
4.1.15.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1 , 5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi->Length ; indexi++ )
if ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) break;
else continue;
label1->Text = L" - " +
masivi[indexi].ToString() + L" - " + indexi.ToString();
}
4.1.17.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1 , 5 , -20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , -85 , 9 , -21 };
int indexi, max = masivi[0], maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi[indexi] ) max = masivi[indexi];
max *= -1;
if ( ( masivi[indexi] < 0 ) && ( max < masivi[indexi] ) )
{
max = masivi[indexi];
maxind = indexi;
}
label1->Text = L" - " +
max.ToString() + L"\n - " + maxind.ToString();
}
4.1.22.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, 5, -20, -2, 4, 75, -3, -85, 9, -21 };
int indexi, min, max, raodenoba = 0;
min = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
443
max = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
if ( ( min <= masivi[indexi] ) && ( max >= masivi[indexi] ) ) raodenoba++;
}
4.1.25.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 3, 9, 6, -1, 12, 10, 17, 4, 6, 19 };
int ind, jami = 0;
//

int min_ind = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

int max_ind = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
for (ind = min_ind; ind <= max_ind; ind++)
jami += masivi [ind];
}
4.1.26.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 3, 9, 6, -1, 12, 10, 17, 4, 6, 19 };
int ind, max;
//

int min_ind = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
//

int max_ind = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
max = masivi[min_ind];
for (ind = min_ind; ind <= max_ind; ind++)
if ( max < masivi[ind] ) max = masivi[ind];
}
4.1.28.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 3, 29, 6, -1, 12, 40, 17, 64, 6, 79 };
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> (masivi1.Length);
int ind1, ind2 = 0, ricxvi;
for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < masivi1->Length; ind1++ )
if ( masivi1[ind1] < ricxvi ) masivi2[ind2++] = masivi1[ind1];
for ( ind1 = 0; ind1 < ind2; ind1++ )
label1->Text += masivi2[ind1].ToString() + " ";
}
4.1.31.
{
444
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4, 75, -3, 85, 9, 21 };

int indexi1 , indexi2 = 0;
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < masivi1->Length ; indexi1++ )
if ( masivi1[indexi1] % 5 == 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = masivi1[indexi1];
label1->Text += masivi1[indexi1].ToString() + " ";
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < indexi2 ; indexi1++ )
}
4.1.36.
{
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi1 , indexi2 = 0;
if ( masivi1[indexi1] >= 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = indexi1;
for ( indexi1 = 0 ; indexi1 < indexi2 ; indexi1++ )
}
4.1.45.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1 , -5 , 20 , -2 , 4 , 75 , -3 , 85 , 9 , 21 };
int indexi, temp;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi->Length / 2 ; indexi++ )
{
temp = masivi[indexi];
masivi[indexi] = masivi[masivi->Length - 1 - indexi];
masivi[masivi->Length - 1 - indexi] = temp;
}
}
4.1.48.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, -5, 0, -2, 0, 0, -3, 0, 9, 0 };
int indexi, temp, Alami;
445

M1: Alami = 0;
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi->Length - 1; indexi++ )
if ( ( masivi[indexi] == 0 ) && ( masivi[indexi + 1] != 0 ) )
{
temp = masivi[indexi];
masivi[indexi] = masivi[indexi + 1];
masivi[indexi + 1] = temp;
Alami = 1;
}
if ( Alami == 1 ) goto M1;
}
4.1.49.
{
int indexi, temp, Zvris_Raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= Zvris_Raodenoba ; i++ )
{
temp = masivi[masivi->Length - 1];
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi->Length - 1 ; indexi++ )
masivi[masivi->Length - 1 - indexi] = masivi[masivi->Length - 2 - indexi];
masivi[0] = temp;
}
}
4.1.50.
{
int indexi, temp, Zvris_Raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= Zvris_Raodenoba ; i++ )
{
temp = masivi[0];
for ( indexi = 0 ; indexi < masivi->Length - 1 ; indexi++ )
masivi[indexi] = masivi[indexi + 1];
masivi[masivi->Length - 1] = temp;
}
446

}

4.2.2.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 1, -2, 3 }, { 4, 5, -6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, minstriqoni = 0, minsveti = 0, min = masivi[0, 0];
if ( min > masivi[striqoni, sveti] )
{
min = masivi[striqoni, sveti];
minstriqoni = striqoni;
minsveti = sveti;
}
label1->Text = L" - " + min.ToString() +
L"\n - " + minstriqoni.ToString() +
L"\n - " + minsveti.ToString();
for ( striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 3 ; striqoni++ )
{
for ( sveti = 0 ; sveti < 3 ; sveti++ )
}
}
4.2.7.
{
if ( masivi[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 1 )
jami += masivi[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.8.
{
447
int striqoni, sveti, raodenoba = 0;

if ( masivi[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 0 ) raodenoba++;
{
}
}
4.2.11.
{
jami += masivi[striqoni, striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.12.
{
int striqoni, sveti, namravli = 1;
namravli *= masivi[striqoni, 2 - striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.20.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 1, -2, 3 }, { 4, 5, -6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };
448
int indexi2 = 0, striqoni, sveti;

if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 0 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
label1->Text += masivi1[striqoni, sveti].ToString() + " ";
}
for ( striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < indexi2 ; striqoni++ )
label2->Text += masivi2[striqoni].ToString() + " ";
}
4.2.22.
{
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> (masivi1->Length);
masivi2[sveti] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.23.
{
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> { 1, 1, 1 };
masivi2[striqoni] *= masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
449

}
4.2.25.
{
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int>(3);
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] %2 == 1 ) masivi2[striqoni] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.26.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { -1, 4, 13 }, { 7, 5, -6 }, { 4, 8, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, max;
{
max = masivi1[0, sveti];
if ( max < masivi1[striqoni, sveti] ) max = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[sveti] = max;
}
{
}
}
4.2.28.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 11, -2, 3 }, { 4, 15, -6 }, { -7, 8, 9 } };
450
int striqoni, sveti, max = masivi1[0,0], maxstriqoni = 0;

if ( max < masivi1[striqoni, striqoni] )
{
max = masivi1[striqoni, striqoni];
maxstriqoni = striqoni;
}
masivi2[sveti] = masivi1[maxstriqoni, sveti];
{
}
}
4.2.34.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 10, 21, 3 }, { 4, 51, 6 }, { 7, 3, 9 } };
masivi2[striqoni] = masivi1[striqoni, striqoni];
{
}
}
4.2.35.
{
masivi2[striqoni] = masivi1[striqoni, 2 - striqoni];
{
451

}
}
4.2.36.
{
array<double>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<double>(3);
int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0;
double sashualo;
for ( sveti = 0; sveti < 3; sveti += 2 )
{
sashualo = 0;
sashualo += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[indexi2++] = sashualo / 3;
}
{
}
}
4.2.37.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (4, 4)
{ { 10, 21, 3, 2 }, { 4, 51, 6, 5 }, { 7, 3, 9, 6 }, { 4, 1, 8, 9 } };
array<double>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<double>(4);
int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0;
double sashualo;
for ( striqoni = 1 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni += 2 )
{
sashualo = 1;
sashualo *= masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
masivi2[indexi2++] = sashualo / 4;
}
{
452

}
}
4.2.38.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (4, 4)
{ { 10, 21, 3, 2 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 0, 0, 0, 0 }, { 4, 1, 8, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, indexi2 = 0, raodenoba = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] == 0 ) raodenoba++;
if ( raodenoba == 4 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = striqoni;
}
{
}
}
4.2.39.
{
int striqoni, sveti, raodenoba = 0, indexi2 = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] % 2 == 1 ) raodenoba++;
if ( raodenoba == 3 ) masivi2[indexi2++] = sveti;
}
{
453
}
}
4.2.46.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 10, 21, 3 }, { 4, 51, 6 }, { 7, 3, 9 } };
int striqoni, sveti, temp;
{
}
//
, 3-
sveti = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
if ( sveti >= 3 )
{
label1->Text = L" , ";
return;
}
{
temp = masivi[striqoni, sveti];
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = masivi[striqoni, 2];
masivi[striqoni, 2] = temp;
}
{
}
}
4.2.47.
{
{
}
454
//
, 3-
striqoni = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
if ( striqoni >= 3 )
{
label1->Text = L" , ";
return;
}
{
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = masivi[0, sveti];
masivi[0, sveti] = temp;
}
{
}
}
4.2.65.
{
array<int,2>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int,2> (3, 3) { { 11, -2, 3 }, { 4, -15, -6 }, { -7, 8, 9 } };
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> (3);
int striqoni, sveti, min, minind, raodenoba = 0;
{
raodenoba = 0;
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] >= 0) raodenoba++;
masivi2[sveti] = raodenoba;
}
min = masivi2[0];
minind = 0;
if ( min > masivi2[striqoni] )
{
min = masivi2[striqoni];
minind = striqoni;
}
{
}
455
label2->Text = minind.ToString();
}
4.2.73.
{
int striqoni, sveti, max, maxind;
masivi2[striqoni] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
max = masivi2[0];
maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi2[striqoni] )
{
max = masivi2[striqoni];
maxind = striqoni;
}
label1->Text = maxind.ToString();
{
}
}
4.2.74.
{
int striqoni, sveti, max, maxind;
masivi2[sveti] += masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
max = masivi2[0];
maxind = 0;
if ( max < masivi2[striqoni] )
{
max = masivi2[striqoni];
maxind = striqoni;
}
label1->Text = maxind.ToString();
{
456

}
}
4.2.78.
{
//
3-
striqoni = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
sveti = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
for ( int striqoni1 = 0; striqoni1 < 3; striqoni1++ )
masivi[striqoni1, sveti] = 0;
for ( int sveti1 = 0 ; sveti1 < 3 ; sveti1++ )
masivi[striqoni, sveti1] = 0;
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = temp;
{
}
}
6. , ,
.
6.1.1.
ref class Tvitmfrinavi
{
int banis_tevadoba;
int manzili;
public : int mgzavrebis_raodenoba;
int gayiduli_bilitebi;
};
//
{
Tvitmfrinavi^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Tvitmfrinavi();
obieqti_1->mgzavrebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
obieqti_1->gayiduli_bilitebi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
label1->Text = obieqti_1->mgzavrebis_raodenoba.ToString();
label2->Text = obieqti_1->gayiduli_bilitebi.ToString();
}
457
6.1.2.
ref class Studenti
{
System::String^ gvari;
System::String^ saxeli;
int asaki;
public : System::String^ universitetis_dasaxeleba;
int kursi;
};
//
{
Studenti^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Studenti();
obieqti_1->universitetis_dasaxeleba = textBox1->Text;
obieqti_1->kursi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
label1->Text = obieqti_1->universitetis_dasaxeleba;
label2->Text = obieqti_1->kursi.ToString();
}
6.2.1.
ref class Studenti_1
{
public : double Sashualo_qula(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
int jami = 0;
for (int ind = 0; ind < masivi1->Length; ind++)
jami += masivi1[ind];
return jami / masivi1->Length;
}
};
//
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 60, 87, 71, 90, 94, 58, 83, 57, 70, 65 };
double shedegi;
Studenti_1^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Studenti_1();
shedegi = obieqti_1->Sashualo_qula(masivi);
}
6.2.2.
ref class Studenti_2
{
System::String^ gvari;
System::String^ saxeli;
int asaki;
void minicheba(System::String^ par1, System::String^ par2, int par3)
458
{
gvari = par1;
saxeli = par2;
asaki = par3;
}
public : void gadacema(System::String^ par1, System::String^ par2, int par3)
{
minicheba(par1, par2, par3);
}
void gamotana(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab)
{
lab->Text = L" : " + gvari + L"\n : " + saxeli +
L"\n : " + asaki.ToString();
}
};
//
{
Studenti_2^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Studenti_2();
System::String^ gvari = textBox1->Text;
System::String^ saxeli = textBox2->Text;
int asaki = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
obieqti_1->gadacema(gvari, saxeli, asaki);
obieqti_1->gamotana(label1);
}
6.2.3.
ref class Matarebeli
{
int vagonebis_raodenoba;
int mgzavrebis_raodenoba;
public : double biletis_fasi;
int gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba;
void minicheba(double par1, int par2, int par3, int par4)
{
biletis_fasi = par1;
gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba = par2;
vagonebis_raodenoba = par3;
mgzavrebis_raodenoba = par4;
}
void gamotana()
{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" - " + biletis_fasi.ToString() +
L"\n - " + gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba.ToString() +
L"\n - " + vagonebis_raodenoba.ToString() +
L"\n - " + mgzavrebis_raodenoba.ToString());
}
double mogeba()
459
{
return biletis_fasi * gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba;
}
};
//
{
int vagonebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);
int mgzavrebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox4->Text);
double shedegi;
Matarebeli^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Matarebeli();
obieqti_1->biletis_fasi = Convert::ToDouble(textBox1->Text);
obieqti_1->gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
obieqti_1->minicheba(obieqti_1->biletis_fasi, obieqti_1->gayiduli_biletebis_raodenoba,
vagonebis_raodenoba, mgzavrebis_raodenoba);
obieqti_1->gamotana();
shedegi = obieqti_1->mogeba();
label1->Text = L" = " + shedegi.ToString();
}
6.3.1.
ref class Tvitmfrinavi
{
int bakis_tevadoba;
int manzili_1_litri;
public : Tvitmfrinavi(int par1, int par2)
{
bakis_tevadoba = par1;
manzili_1_litri = par2;
}
void Gamotana(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab)
{
lab->Text = L" = " + bakis_tevadoba.ToString() +
L"\n1 = " + manzili_1_litri.ToString();
}
int Gamotvla()
{
return bakis_tevadoba * manzili_1_litri;
}
};
//
{
int bakis_tevadoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int manzili_1_litri = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
Tvitmfrinavi^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Tvitmfrinavi(bakis_tevadoba, manzili_1_litri);
460
obieqti_1->Gamotana(label1);
int shedegi = obieqti_1->Gamotvla();
label2->Text = L" = " + shedegi.ToString();
}
6.3.3.
ref class Martkutxedi
{
int perimetri;
int fartobi;
public : int gverdi_1;
int gverdi_2;
Martkutxedi(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi_1 = par1;
gverdi_2 = par2;
perimetri = ( gverdi_1 + gverdi_2 ) * 2;
fartobi = gverdi_1 * gverdi_2;
}
void Gamotana(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1)
{
lab1->Text = L" = " + perimetri.ToString() + L"\n = " + fartobi.ToString();
}
};
//
{
int gverdi_1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Martkutxedi^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Martkutxedi(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
obieqti_1->Gamotana(label1);
}
this
6.4.1.
ref class Chemi_Klasi
{
int ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3;
public : int Gamotvla(int ricxvi1, int ricxvi2, int ricxvi3)
{
this->ricxvi1 = ricxvi1;
return this->ricxvi1 + this->ricxvi2 + this->ricxvi3;
}
};
//
461
{
Chemi_Klasi^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Chemi_Klasi();
int shedegi = obieqti_1->Gamotvla(cvladi1, cvladi2, cvladi3);
}
6.4.3.
ref class Chemi_Klasi1
{
array<int>^ masivi2;
public : int Gamotvla(array<int>^ masivi2)
{
int ind;
this->masivi2 = masivi2;
for (ind = 0 ; ind < masivi2->Length ; ind++)
if (masivi2[ind] < 0) break;
return this->masivi2[ind];
}
};
//
{
Chemi_Klasi1^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Chemi_Klasi1();
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 5, 2, -3, 6, -1, 9, -8 };
int shedegi = obieqti_1->Gamotvla(masivi1);
}
static
6.5.1.
ref class Otxkutxedi {
static int statikuri_simagle;
static int statikuri_sigane;
int perimetri;
int chveulebrivi_Perimetri() {
perimetri = ( statikuri_simagle + statikuri_sigane ) * 2;
return perimetri;
}
public :
Otxkutxedi(int par1, int par2) {
statikuri_simagle = par1;
statikuri_sigane = par2;
}
462
static int statikuri_Funqcia(Otxkutxedi^ obj) {

return obj->chveulebrivi_Perimetri();
}
};
Otxkutxedi^ obj1 = gcnew Otxkutxedi(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
int shedegi = Otxkutxedi::statikuri_Funqcia(obj1);
}
6.5.2.
class ChemiKlasi_2
{
public static int[] masivi_1;
public ChemiKlasi_2(int[] masivi_2)
{
masivi_1 = masivi_2;
}
int Kenti_Jami()
{
int jami = 0;
for ( int ind = 0 ; ind < masivi_1.Length ; ind++ )
if ( masivi_1[ind] % 2 == 1 ) jami += masivi_1[ind];
return jami;
}
public static int StatikuriMetodi(ChemiKlasi_2 obieqti)
{
return obieqti.Kenti_Jami();
}
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
array <int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
ChemiKlasi^ obj1 = gcnew ChemiKlasi(masivi);
int shedegi = ChemiKlasi::statikuri_Funqcia(obj1);
}

6.6.4.
{
System::Random^ obieqti = gcnew System::Random();
int min_rixcvi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text),
max_ricxvi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text),
ramdenjer = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text),
mocemuli_ricxvi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox4->Text),
raodenoba = 0, ricxvi,
463
//
//
//
//
1
30
7
10
ricxvebis_raodenoba = 0;
//
for ( ; ; )
{
ricxvi = obieqti->Next(min_rixcvi, max_ricxvi);
ricxvebis_raodenoba++;
if ( ricxvi == mocemuli_ricxvi ) raodenoba++;
if (raodenoba == ramdenjer) break;
}
label1->Text = ricxvebis_raodenoba.ToString();
}
6.6.5.
{
label1->Text = "";
int shemtxveviti_ricxvi, asantebis_raodenoba = 0;
System::Random^ obieqti = gcnew System::Random();
for ( ; ; )
{
shemtxveviti_ricxvi = obieqti->Next(5);
masivi[shemtxveviti_ricxvi]--;
asantebis_raodenoba++;
if (masivi[shemtxveviti_ricxvi] == 0) break;
}
label1->Text = L" " + asantebis_raodenoba.ToString() +
L" , \n - ";
}
7.
.
7.1.2.
ref class Figura
{
public : int Perimetri(int par1)
{
return 4 * par1;
}
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2)
{
return 2 * (par1 + par2);
}
int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
464
}
};
//
{
Figura^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Figura();
int kvadratis_perimetri = obieqti_1->Perimetri(gverdi_1);
int otxkutxedis_perimetri = obieqti_1->Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
int samkutxedis_perimetri = obieqti_1->Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2, gverdi_3);
label1->Text = L" = " + kvadratis_perimetri.ToString();
label1->Text += L"\n = " + otxkutxedis_perimetri.ToString();
label1->Text += L"\n = " + samkutxedis_perimetri.ToString();
}
7.2.3.
ref class Avtomobili
{
public : int Metodi_1(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 * par2;
}
double Metodi_1(double par1, double par2)
{
return par1 * par2;
}
};
//
{
Avtomobili^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Avtomobili();
int bakis_tevadoba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int manzili_1_litri = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
double maqsimaluri_sichqare = Convert::ToDouble(textBox3->Text);
double dro = Convert::ToDouble(textBox4->Text);
int manzili_savse_baki = obieqti_1->Metodi_1(bakis_tevadoba, manzili_1_litri);
double manZili_dro = obieqti_1->Metodi_1(dro, maqsimaluri_sichqare);
label1->Text = L" = " + manzili_savse_baki.ToString();
label2->Text = L" = " +
manZili_dro.ToString();
}
465

7.3.1.
{
int Min;
public : ChemiKlasi(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
Min = masivi1[0];
if ( masivi1[ind] < Min ) Min = masivi1[ind];
}
public : ChemiKlasi(ChemiKlasi^ obj)
{
Min = obj->Min;
}
public : void Naxva(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab)
{
lab->Text = Min.ToString();
}
};
{
array<int>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<int> { 6, 2, 9, 4, -7, 1 };
ChemiKlasi^ obieqti1 = gcnew ChemiKlasi(masivi1);
ChemiKlasi^ obieqti2 = gcnew ChemiKlasi(obieqti1);
}
7.3.2.
{
int gverdi1;
int gverdi2;
int gverdi3;
int perimetri;
double fartobi;
public : Chemi_Klasi(int par1)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
perimetri = 4 * par1;
}
public : Chemi_Klasi(int par1, int par2)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
perimetri = 2 * ( par1 + par2 );
466
fartobi = par1 * par2;

}
public : Chemi_Klasi(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
perimetri = par1 + par2 + par3;
fartobi = ( par1 * par2 ) / 2;
}
public : void Naxva(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab)
{
lab->Text = L" = " + perimetri.ToString() +
L"\n = " + fartobi.ToString();
}
};
Chemi_Klasi^ obieqti1 = gcnew Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1);
Chemi_Klasi^ obieqti2 = gcnew Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1, gverdi2);
Chemi_Klasi^ obieqti3 = gcnew Chemi_Klasi(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3);
}
8.
. . protected
8.1.2.
ref class Martkutxedi
{
protected : int fudze;
};
ref class Memkvidre : Martkutxedi
{
int simagle;
public : Memkvidre()
{
simagle = 0;
}
Memkvidre(int par1, int par2)
{
simagle = par2;
467
fudze = par1;
}
int Fartobi()
{
return fudze * simagle;
}
};
//
{
Memkvidre^ obj2 = gcnew Memkvidre(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
int shedegi = obj2->Fartobi();
}
8.1.3.
ref class Martkutxedi_1 {
protected : int fudze;
public : Martkutxedi_1()
{
fudze = 0;
}
Martkutxedi_1(int par1)
{
fudze = par1;
}
void Naxva(System::Windows::Forms::Label^ lab1)
{
lab1->Text = fudze.ToString();
}
};
ref class Memkvidre_1 : Martkutxedi_1
{
int simagle;
public : Memkvidre_1()
{
simagle = 0;
}
Memkvidre_1(int par1, int par2)
{
simagle = par2;
fudze = par1;
}
int Fartobi()
{
return fudze * simagle;
468
}
};
{
Martkutxedi_1^ obj1 = gcnew Martkutxedi_1(ricxvi1);
obj1->Naxva(label2);
Memkvidre_1^ obj2 = gcnew Memkvidre_1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);
int shedegi = obj2->Fartobi();
}

8.2.1.
ref class Figura
{
public : int gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3, gverdi4;
Figura() { }
Figura(int par1, int par2, int par3, int par4) {
gverdi1 = par1;
gverdi2 = par2;
gverdi3 = par3;
gverdi4 = par4;
}
virtual int Perimetri() {
return gverdi1 + gverdi2 + gverdi3 + gverdi4;
}
};
ref class Otxkutxedi : public Figura {
public : virtual int Perimetri() override {
return ( gverdi1 + gverdi2 ) * 2;
}
};
//
{
Otxkutxedi^ obj_memkvidre = gcnew Otxkutxedi();
obj_memkvidre->gverdi1 = gverdi1;
obj_memkvidre->gverdi2 = gverdi2;
int shedegi = obj_memkvidre->Perimetri();
Figura^ obj_WInapari = gcnew Figura(gverdi1, gverdi2, gverdi3, gverdi4);
469
int shedegi1 = obj_WInapari->Perimetri();

}
8.2.4.
ref class Sabazo_Klasi
{
public : virtual int Metodi1(array<int,2>^ masivi1) {
int min = 0;
for ( int striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0 ; sveti < 4 ; sveti++ )
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 )
{
min = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
goto M1;
}
M1:
if ( ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < min ) && ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 ) )
min = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
return min;
}
};
ref class Memkvidre_Klasi : public Sabazo_Klasi
{
public : virtual int Metodi1(array<int,2>^ masivi1) override {
int max = 0;
for ( int striqoni = 0 ; striqoni < 4 ; striqoni++ )
for ( int sveti = 0 ; sveti < 4 ; sveti++ )
if ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 )
{
max = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
goto M1;
}
M1:
if ( ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] > max ) && ( masivi1[striqoni, sveti] < 0 ) )
max = masivi1[striqoni, sveti];
return max;
}
};
//
array<int,2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int,2> (4, 4)
{ { 1, -2, -3, 4 }, { -5, 6, 7, -8 }, { 9, 10, -11, -12 }, { -13, -14, 15, 16 } };
Sabazo_Klasi^ obj_Sabazo = gcnew Sabazo_Klasi();
470
Memkvidre_Klasi^ obj_Memkvidre = gcnew Memkvidre_Klasi();

int min = obj_Sabazo->Metodi1(masivi);
int max = obj_Memkvidre->Metodi1(masivi);
label1->Text = min.ToString();
}

8.3.3.
ref class Televizori abstract {
public : virtual int Metodi() abstract;
};
ref class Memkvidre_1 : public Televizori
{
int Wati_Erti_Saati;
int Namushevari_Saatebi;
public : Memkvidre_1(int par1, int par2)
{
Wati_Erti_Saati = par1;
Namushevari_Saatebi = par2;
}
virtual int Metodi() override {
return Wati_Erti_Saati * Namushevari_Saatebi;
}
};
//
{
int wati = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
int saati = Convert::ToInt32(textBox2->Text);
Memkvidre_1^ obj_Memkvidre = gcnew Memkvidre_1(wati, saati);
int shedegi = obj_Memkvidre->Metodi();
}
8.3.4.
ref class Tanamshromeli abstract {
public : virtual int Metodi() abstract;
};
ref class Memkvidre_2 : public Tanamshromeli {
int xelfasi_erti_tvis;
public : Memkvidre_2(int par1) {
xelfasi_erti_tvis = par1;
}
virtual int Metodi() override {
return xelfasi_erti_tvis * 12;
}
};
471
//
{
int erti_tvis_xelfasi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
Memkvidre_2^ obj_memkvidre = gcnew Memkvidre_2(erti_tvis_xelfasi);
int shedegi = obj_memkvidre->Metodi();
}
9. , , ,
9.1.3.
{
private : int cvladi;
//

public : property int ChemiTviseba
{
int get()
{
return cvladi;
}
void set(int par)
{
// cvladi value 5-
if (par % 5 == 0) cvladi = par;
}
}
};
//
{
obieqti->ChemiTviseba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
}
,
9.2.1.
{
int ricxvi1;
int ricxvi2;
int ricxvi3;
472
int ricxvi4;
int ricxvi5;
public :
property int default[int]
{
int get(int index) { return 0; }
void set (int index, int par) {}
}
property int mteli[int]
{
int get(int index)
{
switch (index)
{
case 0: return ricxvi1;
default: return 0;
}
}
void set(int index, int par)
{
switch (index)
{
case 0: this->ricxvi1 = par; break;
}
}
}
};
//
label1->Text = "";
Chemi_Klasi^ obieqti = gcnew Chemi_Klasi();
for ( int ind = 0; ind <= 4; ind++ )
obieqti->mteli[ind] = ind + 10;
for (int ind = 0 ; ind <= 4 ; ind++)
label1->Text += obieqti->mteli[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
9.2.2.
{
473
static double ricxvi;

public : static property double tviseba {
double get() {
return ricxvi;
}
void set(double par)
{
if (par <= 0) ricxvi = par;
}
}
};
//
label1->Text = "";
for ( int ind = -3 ; ind <= 3 ; ind++ )
{
ChemiKlasi::tviseba = ind ;
label1->Text += ChemiKlasi::tviseba.ToString() + " ";
}
}
9.2.7.
class ChemiKlasi
{
int ricxvi1 = -1;
int ricxvi2 = -1;
int ricxvi3 = -1;
int ricxvi4 = -1;
int ricxvi5 = -1;
public int this[int index]
{
get
{
switch ( index )
{
default: return 0;
}
}
set
{
switch ( index )
{
474
case 0: if (value % 2 == 0) { this.ricxvi1 = value; break; } else break;

}
}
}
}
{
label2.Text = "";
ChemiKlasi obieqti = new ChemiKlasi();
for (int ind = 0 ; ind <= 4 ; ind++)
{
obieqti[ind] = ind;
label2.Text += obieqti[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
}
9.3.1.
//
public :
par += 10;
}
par += 20;
}
par += 30;
}
//Klasi1() : cvladi(1) { }
//Klasi1(int par) : cvladi(par) { }
//protected :
//int cvladi;
};
//
//
delegati1 Funqcia2
475

delegati1(100);
//
Funqcia1 Funqcia2
//
delegati1 Funqcia1
//
delegati1 Funqcia3
delegati1(200);
//
Funqcia2 Funqcia3
}
9.3.2.
//
ref class Klasi1 {
public :
par += 10;
}
par += 20;
}
par += 30;
}
};
//
Delegati^ delegati1 = gcnew Delegati(obj, &Klasi1::Funqcia1);
//Delegati^ delegati1 = gcnew Delegati(Klasi1::Funqcia1);
//
delegati1 Funqcia2
delegati1 += gcnew Delegati(obj, &Klasi1::Funqcia2);
delegati1(100);
//
Funqcia1 Funqcia2
//
delegati1 Funqcia1
delegati1 -= gcnew Delegati(obj, &Klasi1::Funqcia2);
//
delegati1 Funqcia3
delegati1 += gcnew Delegati(obj, &Klasi1::Funqcia3);
delegati1(200);
//
Funqcia2 Funqcia3
}
9.4.1.
public delegate void Delegati2(int ricxvi1, int ricxvi2);
//

public :
476
//
Delegati
//

void Funqcia_Movlena(int par1, int par2)
{
if ( par1 > par2 ) Movlena(par1, par2);
}
};
//
Movlena -
public :
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(int par1, int par2)
{
}
};
//
obj2->Funqcia_Movlena(cvladi1, cvladi2);
//
Movlena
}
9.4.4.
public delegate void Delegati2(array<int>^ masivi1);
//

public :
//
Delegati
//

void Funqcia_Movlena(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
int alami = 0;
for ( int index = 0; index < masivi1->Length; index++ )
if ( masivi1[index] >= 50 ) alami = 1;
if ( alami == 0 ) Movlena(masivi1);
}
};
//
Movlena -
public :
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" 50- ");
477
}
};
array<int>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<int> { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
//
obj2->Funqcia_Movlena(masivi2);
//
Movlena
}
9.4.5.
public delegate void Delegati2(array<int>^ masivi1);
//

public :
//
Delegati
//

void Funqcia_Movlena(array<int>^ masivi1, array<int>^ masivi2, array<int>^ masivi3)
{
if ( masivi2[index] == 0 ) Movlena(masivi1);
else masivi3[index] = masivi1[index] / masivi2[index];
}
};
//
Movlena -
public :
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
}
};
array<int>^ masivi3 = gcnew array<int> (masivi1->Length) { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
//
obj2->Funqcia_Movlena(masivi1, masivi2, masivi3);
//
Movlena
}
478

9.5.1.
namespace Sivrce_1
{
public ref class Samkutxedi
{
public : double Fartobi(int par1, int par2)
{
return par1 * par2 / 2;
}
};
}
namespace Sivrce_2
{
public ref class Samkutxedi
{
public : int Perimetri(int par1, int par2, int par3)
{
}
};
}
//
Sivrce_1::Samkutxedi^ samkutxedi_1 = gcnew Sivrce_1::Samkutxedi();
Sivrce_2::Samkutxedi^ samkutxedi_2 = gcnew Sivrce_2::Samkutxedi();
double fartobi = samkutxedi_1->Fartobi(gverdi_1, gverdi_2);
int perimetri = samkutxedi_2->Perimetri(gverdi_1, gverdi_2, gverdi_3);
label1->Text = fartobi.ToString();
label2->Text = perimetri.ToString();
}
9.5.2.
namespace Sivrce
{
namespace Sivrce_1
{
public ref class Masivi
{
public : int Metodi1(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
int jami = 0;
if ( masivi1[indexi] >= 0 ) jami += masivi1[indexi];
479
return jami;
}
};
}
namespace Sivrce_2
{
public ref class Masivi
{
public : int Metodi2(array<int>^ masivi1)
{
int namravli = 1;
if ( masivi1[indexi] < 0 ) namravli *= masivi1[indexi];
return namravli;
}
};
}
}
//
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, -2, 3, -4, 5, -6 };
Sivrce::Sivrce_1::Masivi^ obieqti_1 = gcnew Sivrce::Sivrce_1::Masivi();
Sivrce::Sivrce_2::Masivi^ obieqti_2 = gcnew Sivrce::Sivrce_2::Masivi();
int jami = obieqti_1->Metodi1(masivi);
int namravli = obieqti_2->Metodi2(masivi);
}
.
9.6.1.
//

interface class Interpeisi {
double Kvadrati(int par1);
double Kubi(int par2);
};
ref class Klasi : Interpeisi {
public :
virtual double Kvadrati(int par1) {
}
virtual double Kubi(int par2) {
}
};
//
480

double kvadrati = obj1->Kvadrati(ricxvi1);
double Kubi = obj1->Kubi(ricxvi2);
label1->Text = kvadrati.ToString();
label2->Text = Kubi.ToString();
}
9.6.2.
//

{
int get();
void set(int par);
}
};
int cvladi;
public :
{
virtual int get()
{
return cvladi;
}
virtual void set(int par)
{
if ( par % 2 == 0 ) cvladi = par;
}
}
};
//
obj1->tviseba = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
label1->Text = obj1->tviseba.ToString();
}
9.6.3.
//

property int tviseba[int] {
int get(int index);
void set(int index, int par);
}
};
481
int cvladi;
public :
property int tviseba[int] {
virtual int get(int index)
{
return cvladi;
}
virtual void set(int index, int par)
{
if ( par > 20 ) cvladi = par;
else cvladi = 0;
}
}
};
//
array<int>^ mas = gcnew array<int> { 10, 30, 20, 40, 50 };
for ( int ind = 0; ind < mas->Length; ind++ )
{
obj1->tviseba[0] = mas[ind];
label1->Text += obj1->tviseba[ind].ToString() + " ";
}
}
9.6.4.
//

public delegate void Delegati2(int ricxvi);
//

};
public ref class Klasi : public Interpeisi {
public :
//
Delegati
virtual event Delegati2^ Movlena;
//

void Funqcia_Movlena(int par1)
{
if ( par1 > 25 ) Movlena(par1);
}
};
//
Movlena -
public :
void Funqcia_Damamushavebeli_1(int par2)
{
System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" \n" +
482
par2.ToString() + L" > 25");

}
};
//
//
obj2->Funqcia_Movlena(cvladi);
//
Movlena
}
10. -
-. FileStream
10.1.1.
{
label1->Text = "";
Byte jami = 0;
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte> (5);
FileStream^ file1 = gcnew FileStream("filetext.txt", FileMode::Open);
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1->Read(masivi, 0, 5);
jami += masivi[indexi];
file1->WriteByte(jami);
file1->Close();
label1->Text += jami.ToString();
}
10.1.2.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<Byte>^ masivi = gcnew array<Byte> (5);
FileStream^ file1 = gcnew FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode::Open);
FileStream^ file2 = gcnew FileStream("file2.txt", FileMode::Create);
wakitxuli_baitebis_raodenoba = file1->Read(masivi, 0, 5);
file2->Write(masivi, 0, 5);
file1->Close();
483
file2->Close();
}
10.1.3.
{
int ricxvi;
//

file_in = gcnew FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode::Open);
//

file_out = gcnew FileStream("file2.txt", FileMode::Create);
label1->Text = "";
//
file_in file_out
for ( int i = 1; i <= 10; i++ )
{
//
file_in
ricxvi = file_in->ReadByte();
//
file_out
if ( ricxvi != -1 ) file_out->WriteByte( ( Byte ) ricxvi );
label1->Text += ricxvi + " ";
}
//

file_in->Close();
file_out->Close();
}
-. StreamReader StreamWriter
10.2.1.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<Char>^ simboloebis_masivi = gcnew array<Char> (14);
int wakitxuli_simboloebis_raodenoba = file_stream_in->Read(simboloebis_masivi, 0, 14);
for ( int i = 0; i < simboloebis_masivi->Length; i++ )
label1->Text += simboloebis_masivi[i].ToString();
//
//
file2.txt simboloebis_masivi
484
file_stream_out->Write(simboloebis_masivi);
}
10.2.2.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<Char>^ simboloebis_masivi = gcnew array<Char> (14);
int wakitxuli_simboloebis_raodenoba = file_stream_in->Read(simboloebis_masivi, 0, 14);
for ( int i = 0; i < simboloebis_masivi->Length; i++ )
label1->Text += simboloebis_masivi[i].ToString();
file_out = gcnew FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode::Append);
//
file2.txt simboloebis_masivi
file_stream_out->Write(simboloebis_masivi);
}
10.2.3.
{
Char simbolo;
for ( int i = 0; i < file_in->Length; i++ )
{
simbolo = ( char ) file_stream_in->Read();
file_stream_out->Write(simbolo);
label2->Text += ( Char ) simbolo;
}
}
. Seek
10.4.2.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<Byte>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Byte> { 255, 100, 200, 1, 50, 130, 250, 20, 90, 190 };
485
array<Byte>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<Byte> (masivi1->Length);

FileStream^ file_out1 = gcnew FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode::Create);
//

file_out1->Write(masivi1, 0, 9);
file_out1->Close();
//

int seek = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
FileStream^ file_out2 = gcnew FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode::Open);
file_out2->Seek(seek, SeekOrigin::Begin);
//

file_out2->Close();
//

FileStream^ file_in = gcnew FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode::Open);
file_in->Read(masivi2, 0, 9);
label1->Text += masivi2[index].ToString() + " ";
file_in->Close();
}
10.4.4.
{
label1->Text = "";
array<Byte>^ masivi1 = gcnew array<Byte> { 255, 100, 200, 1, 50, 130, 250, 20, 90, 190 };
array<Byte>^ masivi2 = gcnew array<Byte> (masivi1->Length);
FileStream^ file_out1 = gcnew FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode::Create);
//

file_out1->Close();
//

int seek = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);
FileStream^ file_in = gcnew FileStream("file3.txt", FileMode::Open);
file_in->Seek(seek, SeekOrigin::Begin);
//

file_in->Read(masivi2, 0, 4);
label1->Text += masivi2[index].ToString() + " ";
file_in->Close();
}
. FileInfo
10.5.1.
{
FileInfo^ obieqti = gcnew FileInfo("file1.txt");
label1->Text = L" : " + obieqti->Attributes.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.5.2.
{
486

label1->Text = L" : " + obieqti->CreationTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.5.3.
{
obieqti->Directory->ToString() + "\n";
label1->Text += L" : " + obieqti->DirectoryName + "\n";
}
10.5.4.
{
if ( obieqti->Exists ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
10.5.5.
{
label1->Text = L" : " + obieqti->Extension + "\n";
}
10.5.6.
{
label1->Text = L" : " + obieqti->FullName + "\n";
}
10.5.7.
{
obieqti->LastAccessTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.5.8.
{
obieqti->LastWriteTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.5.9.
{
label1->Text = L" : " + obieqti->Length.ToString() + "\n";
}
. DirectoryInfo
10.6.2.
{
487
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\Install");

label1->Text = L" : " + obj1->CreationTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.3.
{
label1->Text = L" : " + obj1->FullName->ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.4.
{
obj1->LastAccessTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.5.
{
obj1->LastWriteTime.ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.6.
{
if ( obj1->Exists ) label1->Text = L" ";
}
10.6.7.
{
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("Install");
label1->Text = L" : " + obj1->Parent->ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.8.
{
label1->Text = L" : " + obj1->Root->ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.9.
{
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\Windows");
array<DirectoryInfo^>^ dir = obj1->GetDirectories();
for each ( DirectoryInfo^ x in dir )
label1->Text += x->ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.10.
{
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\Windows");
array<FileInfo^>^ dir = obj1->GetFiles();
488
for ( int ind = 0; ind < dir->Length; ind++ )

label1->Text += dir[ind]->ToString() + "\n";
}
10.6.11.
{
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\Katalogi_1");
//
Katalogi_2
obj1->MoveTo("C:\\Katalogi_2");
}
10.6.12.
{
DirectoryInfo^ obj1 = gcnew DirectoryInfo("C:\\Install_1");
//
C: Install1
obj1->Create();
}
10.6.13.
{
//
Install1 Install2
obj1->CreateSubdirectory("Install_2");
}
10.6.14.
{
//
Install_1 . Install_1
obj1->Delete();
}
11.
. try, catch throw
11.1.1.
{
int index, jami = 0;
try
{
for ( index = 0; index <= masivi->Length; index++ )
jami += masivi[index];
}
{
jami = 0;
}
489
}
11.1.2.
{
array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2> (3,3) { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 }, { 7, 8, 9 } };
try
{
jami += masivi[striqoni,sveti];
}
{
jami = 0;
}
}
11.1.3.
{
array<int>^ shedegi = gcnew array<int> (masivi1->Length);
try
{
shedegi[index] = masivi1[index] / masivi2[index];
}
{
label2->Text = L" 0- ";
}
label1->Text += shedegi[index].ToString() + " ";
}
11.1.4.
{
array<int>^ masivi = gcnew array<int> { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int indexi;
try
{
file_out = gcnew BinaryWriter(gcnew FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode::Create));
file_out->Write(masivi[indexi]);
}
490
{
}
file_out->Close();
}
11.1.5.
{
array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2> (3,3);
try
{
file_in = gcnew BinaryReader(gcnew FileStream("file1.txt", FileMode::Open));
{
{
masivi[striqoni, sveti] = file_in->ReadInt32();
}
}
}
{
}
}
491

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. . Visual C#.NET. . 2009. - 455 .

. . SQL . . 2008. - 374 .
. . C++ : . . . 2001. 688 .
. Visual C++ 2005. .
., . . . .: . ., 1990. 224 .
. Borland C++ . .: , 2001. 432 .
., . .
. ++. . .: -, 2004. - 512 .
. ++ .
. C++: . .: , 2003. 521 .
. C/C++ . .: -, 2005. - 288 .
., . C+-I-. , . : . . .: "", 2003. 848 .
. C++: .
. , . , . . C++ Boost Graph Library. / .
. - .: , 2006. 304 .
. C++ .
. ++. - .: _, 2006. 320 .
. ++.
. C++: . . : -,
2004. - 432 .
. C++. / //
: . ./ . - .: , 2001.- 688 .
., . Visual C#.NET .
O'Reilly. Programming C# .
. . . 2- . . . - .: , 1987.
. . . - .: , 2002. - 1040 .: .
E.Butow, T. Ryan. Your visual blueprint for building .NET applications.
Harold Davis. Visual C# .NET Programming.
A. Hejlsberg, S.Wiltamuth. C# Language Reference.
. . #.
492
15.11.2011. 20.01.2012.
60X84 1/8. 30. 50 .
" ", , 77
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Visual C++ CLI NET

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V i s u a l C++/CLI.

Microsoft Visual Studio .NET

" ", 2012

11. ........................................................................................... 265

C++ - C++/CLI, .NET Framework

2.1. C++ ISO/ANSI

1.7E +/- 308 (15 )

2.2. C++/ CLI

shedegi2 = wiladi3 + wiladi4;

double wiladi = 9.21;

char, signed char, unsigned char

shedegi = ricxvi1 > 0;

float wiladi = 3.7f;

using namespace System::Drawing;

striqoni = String::Format(L"{0:F3}\n", wiladi_f);

if ( ricxvi1 >= 0 ) label1->Text = L" ";

int ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

Char simbolo = L'';

array<int, 2>^ masivi = gcnew array<int, 2>(striqonebis_raodenoba, svetebis_raodeboba);

for ( int sveti = 0; sveti < 2; sveti++ )

. , A = 1001 0011, ~A 0110

if ( ( ricxvi & indeqsi ) != 0 ) label2->Text += " 1";

int gverdi11, gverdi12, gverdi13, perimetri1;

label2->Text += masivi[indexi].ToString() + " ";

Sam1_perimetri = Sam1.gverdi1 + Sam1.gverdi2 + Sam1.gverdi3;

private: System::Void button2_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {

int cvladi3 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox3->Text);

Klasi1^ obj1 = gcnew Klasi1(cvladi);

Klasi(int par) : nomeri(par) { }

int ricxvi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

label1->Text = obieqti->d.ToString() + L" " + obieqti->i.ToString() +

static array <System::String^>^ gvari = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);

static array <System::String^>^ gvari = gcnew array <System::String^>(10);

CLI Value Class

private: System::Void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {

obieqti2.cvladi1.ToString() + " " + obieqti2.cvladi2.ToString();

private: System::Void button3_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {

label3->Text = L" --- " +

obieqti1.IgiveSamkutxedi(obieqti2) . obieqti1 . obieqti2-

Samkutxedi^ obieqti2 = gcnew Samkutxedi(10, 2, 5);

private: System::Void button4_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {

int maqsimumi2 = obj->maxSidide(masivi2); //

int maqsimumi3 = obj->maxSidide(ricxvi1, ricxvi2, ricxvi3); //

int maqsimumi4 = obj->maxSidide(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);

using namespace System::Threading;

ChemiKlasi1(int par3, int par4) {

label2->Text = L" = " + obieqti2->jami.ToString();

int Gacema() { return ricxvi; }

int Gacema() { return ricxvi; }

Klasi^ obj2 = obj1;

Klasi obj1(ricxvi1, ricxvi2);

System::Windows::Forms::MessageBox::Show(L" Funqcia - " + obieqti.Gamotana().ToString());

private: System::Void button5_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {

int shedegi1 = Funqcia_3(mteli1, mteli2);

generic<class _> ref class _

label2->Text += obj2->Pop().ToString() + " ";

Klasi^ obj = new Klasi();

Injineri obj2(cvladi4, cvladi5, cvladi6);

friend int Eqimi::MegobruliFunqcia(Injineri obj2);

int cvladi1 = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

ref class Klasi

int sazebni_elementi = Convert::ToInt32(textBox1->Text);

return sigane * simagle / 2;