Name

Date

CHAPTER

3
Section 1

GUIDED READING

China Limits
European Contacts

A. Analyzing Causes and Recognizing Effects As you read this section, take
notes to answer questions about the Ming and Qing dynasties.
The rulers of the Ming Dynasty drive out the Mongols and bring peace and prosperity to China.
1. How did Hongwu bring stability to China?
a. drove out the mongols
b. made agricultural reforms
c. respected traditions - brought back
confucian morals
d. restored merit-based civil service
exams
3. Why was only the government allowed to
conduct foreign trade?

they didnt want any influence from other

countries. they wanted to be isolated
because they thought that china was
superior as it was and wanted to keep it
that way.

2. What were some of his agricultural reforms?

a. improved irrigation
b. increased rice production
c. introduced fish farming and
commercial crops (cotton and sugar)

4. How did foreign trade affect Ming China?

a. brought silver through smuggling

b. increased commerce/manufacturing
c. introduced christianity
d. brought inventions such as clocks

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The Manchus invade China and begin the Qing Dynasty.

5. How did Manchu rulers gain the respect of
the Chinese people?

6. How were traditional styles reflected in

Chinese culture?

a. upheld chinas traditional confucian

belief
b. made chinas frontiers safe
c. restored Chinas prosperity

art: valued technical skill over creativity

plays: depicted traditional culture and
heroes

7. What restrictions did the Manchus place on

foreign trade?
a. restricted trading with certain ports
b. demanded that the foreign traders to
do kow-tow rituals when they came into
china.
c. demanded tribute

8. Why did the Chinese accept the Dutch and

reject the British as trading partners?

a. the dutch followed chinese rules

b. the british refused to kow-tow; they
wanted special agreement to exchange
british for chinese goods

B. Evaluating Judgments On the back of this paper, write a brief paragraph

explaining what was so remarkable about the voyages of Zheng He.

An Age of Exploration and Isolation 61