RADIATION SHIELDS: In certain situations it is required to reduce the overall heat transfer between two radiating surfaces.

This is done by
either using materials which are highly reflective or by using radiat shields between the heat exchanging sutfaces. The radiation shields
reduce the radiation heat transfer by effectively increasing the suiface resistances without actually removing any heat fret (lie overall
system. Thin sheets of plastic coated with highly reflecting metallic films on both sides serve as very effective radiation shields. These are
used for the insulation of cryogenic storujge tank A familiar application of radiation shields is in the measurement of the temperature of a
flulid bY a thermometer era thermocouple which is shielded to reduce the effects of radiation.

Modes of Heat Transfer:a. Conduction: Heat conduction is a mechanism of heat transferfrom a

region of high temperature to a region of low temperaturewithin a medium or between different medium

in direct physicalcontact. Examples: Heating a Rod.Q=K.A.

dT
dx

b. Convection: It is a

process of heat transfer that will occur betweena solid surface and a fluid medium when they are at
differenttemperatures. It is possible only in the presence of fluid medium.Example: Cooling of Hot Plate
by air.Q=Ha(TS TINF) c. Radiation: The heat transfer from one body to another without anytransmitting
medium. It is an electromagnetic wave phenomenon.Example: Radiation sun to earth.Q=
T

4
INF

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