Nova Lab

Organism
1. Albertosaurus

2. T.rex
3. Ostrich
4. Chicken
5. Archaeopteryx
Wishbone
2 fingered hand
toothless beak
shafted feathers

This provided evolutionary tree represents the evolutionary relationship

among group of dinosaurs and some birds. The tree uses different characteristics
to separate each type of animals. The first characteristic, which is found in the
ancestor of all animals in this chart, is wishbone. The wishbone is a forked bone
which is formed by the combination of the 2 long bone that located on the shoulder
as shown in picture A.
There are 2 features that can classify organism into 2 mains groups. First is
2-fingered hand. There are 2 animals, which are Albertosaurus and T.rex that walk
on 2 legs. They share common ancestor as they are closely together in the
evolutionary tree. They both are strong, have sharp teeth ,and walk upright on 2
legs.
Second is shafted feather. There are three animals, which are
Archaeopteryx, Ostrich, and Chicken that have same ancestor having shafted
feather. However, the Archaeopteryx is separated from the other 2, Ostrich and
Chicken, because it is different in the presence of tooth. Archaeopteryx has some
characters like reptiles and some like birds. Therefore, it is believe that
Archaeopteryx as shown in picture B is the ancestor of both reptile and bird.
Ostrich and Chicken are more closely together as they shared common ancestor
which has toothless beak. Although, Ostrich has common ancestor as chicken,
they also have some different characteristics. For instance, the size of Ostrich is
much more larger and the more powerful legs than Chicken.

Picture A: The wishbone

of three animals,

Picture B: The fossil of

Archaeopteryx

To sum up, the evolutionary tree show how each animals are diverge from
their common ancestor. Archaeopteryx is more closely to Ostrich and Chicken than
Albertosaurus and T-rex, while Albertosaurus and T-rex are closely together than
the other three as they both have 2-fingered hand. Ostrich and Chinken are closely
together and diverge from Archaeopteryx because of the same feature of toothless
beak.
Jiravadee Tangjariyatam (Tukta) 11-05 5761030