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Dhammachai International Research Institute of New Zealand
16 Pitt Street, North Dunedin, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
(1977)
978-0-9923869-2-4

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Abbreviation
A
B
BLSF
ChinD

manuscript A
manuscript B
British Library Sanskrit Fragments
Chinese translation (Taisho vol. 12 No. 374 pp. 354-603)
translated by Dharmakema
ChinF
Chinese translation (Taisho vol. 12 No. 376 pp. 853-899)
translated by Fa-xian
P
fragments on St. Petersburg
r recto
Rgvbh
Ratnagotravibhgastra
SF
Sanskrit Fragment of Mahparinirvamahstra
SMS
Srmldevsihandastra
v verso
Tibetan tipitaka
P
Peking edition (tsu) pp. 133b-215a
N
Narthang edition (ma) pp. 207b-332a
D
Derge edition (tsha) pp. 126a-206b
Lhasaedition (ma) pp. 196a-315b
L
TaishoDaisokyoAgama
DA2
Drghagama vol. 1 No. 1 p. 13b10
DA10
Drghagama vol. 1 No. 13 p. 234b7
Samyuktagama vol. 2 No. 99 p. 168b l.16
SA604
SA2 196 Samyuktagama vol. 2 No. 100 p. 445c6
EA1
Egottaragama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 549c14
EA37.1
Egottaragama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 711c2
EA37.4
Egottaragama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 712c2
EA45.4
Egottaragama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 772c8
EA48.2
Egottaragama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 787b28

|17

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Mahparinirva stra T374 Vol. 12 pp. 365-603 translated by Dharmakema
Agulimlya stra T120 pp. 512-544 translated by Guabhadra
Tibetan tipitaka
(1) Peking (tsu) 133b-215a
(2) Narthang (ma)207b-332a
(3) Derge (tsha)126a-206b
(4) Lhasa (ma)196a-315b
Taisho Daisokyo Agama
Drgha gama vol. 1 No. 1 p. 13b10 (DA2),
Drgha gama vol. 1 No. 13 p. 234b7 (DA10),
Samyukta gama vol. 2 No. 99 p. 168b l.16 (SA604),
Samyukta gama vol. 2 No. 100 p. 445c6 (SA2 196),
Egottara gama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 549c14 (EA1),
Egottara gama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 711c2 (EA37.1),
Egottara gama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 712c2 (EA37.4),
Egottara gama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 772c8 (EA45.4),
Egottara gama vol. 2 No. 125 p. 787b28 (EA48.2),
Egottara gama Vol. 2 No. 132 p. 855b18 (T132b)
Pali Text Society

( ). (2545). .
, :
.
( ). (2555). .
, :
. .

1 |79

 1
Baums, Stefan. 2009. A Gndhr Commentary on Early Buddhist Verses:
British Library Kharoh Fragments 7, 9, 13 and 18. PhD Dissertation. University of Washington.
Bongard-Levin, G. M., and E. N. Tyomkin. 1969. Fragment of the Saka version
of the Dharmaarra-stra from the N. E. Petrovsky collection. Indo-Iranian
Journal 11 (4): 269-280.
Bongard-Levin, G.M. 1986. New Sanskrit Fragments of the Mahyna
Mahparinirva stra (Central Asian Manuscript Collection at Leningard),
Tokyo: The International Institute for Buddhist Studies.
Glass, Andrew, and Mark Allon. 2007. Four Gndhr Sayuktgama stras
: Senior Kharoh fragment 5, Gandhran Buddhist texts. Seattle: University
of Washington Press.
Harrison, Paul M. 1990. The Samdhi of direct encounter with the Buddhas
of the present: an annotated English translation of the Tibetan version of the
Pratyutpanna-Buddha-samukhvasthita-samdhi-stra with several appendices relating to the history of the text, Studia philologica Buddhica. Monograph
series. Tokyo: International Institute for Buddhist Studies.
Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from Greater Gandhra.
In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist Manuscripts, pp. 133-160. Oslo Hermes Publ.
Hartmann, Jens-Uwe. 2002. Buddhastotras by Mtcea. In J. Braarvig,
eds.,Buddhist manuscripts vol. 2, pp. 303-312. Oslo: Hermes Pub. Original
edition.
Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. 1916a. atapacaatik Stotra. In A. F. R. Hoernle,
eds., Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature found in Eastern Turkestan, pp.
58-75. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. 1916b. Catuataka Stotra. In A. F. R. Hoernle, eds.,
Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature found in Eastern Turkestan, pp. 75
-84. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

80 | .

Karashima, Seishi and Wille, Klaus (TextsEditors-in-chief). 2009.Buddhist

Manuscripts from Central Asia- The British Library Sanskrit Fragments, Volume
II.1-2, Tokyo: The International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology,
Soka University Tokyo.
Konow, Sten. 1916. "The Vajracchedik in the Old Khotanese Version of Eastern
Turkestan." In A. F. R. Hoernle, eds., Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature
found in Eastern Turkestan, pp. 214-288. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Lokakema, and Paul M. Harrison. 1998. The Pratyutpanna samdhi stra,
BDK English Tripiaka. Berkeley, CA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research.
Matsuda, Kazunobu. 1988. Sanskrit Fragments of the Mahyna
Mahparinirvastra: a Study of the Central Asian Documents in the Stein/
Hoernle Collection of the India Office Library, London, Tokyo: Toyo Bunko.
Matsuda, Kazunobu. 2000. "rmldevsihandanirdea." In J. Braarvig,
eds., Buddhist manuscripts vol 1, pp. 65-76. Oslo: Hermes Pub. Original edition, 2000.
Nanjio, Bunjiu. 1883. A Catalogue of the Chinese Translation of the Buddhist
Tripitaka. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Puri, Baij Nath. 1987. Buddhism in central Asia. 1st ed, Buddhist traditions ;
v. 4. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
Rahder, Johannes. 1953. The atapacatka of Mtcea by D. R. Shackleton
Bailey.Journal of the American Oriental Society73 (3): 172-3.
Rllicke, Hermann-Josef. 2006. Vorwort. In D. Schlingloff and J.-U. Hartmann,
eds., Ein buddhistisches Yogalehrbuch: unvernderter Nachdruck der Ausgabe
von 1964 unter Beigabe aller seither bekannt gewordenen Fragmente, pp. v-vii.
Dsseldorf: Haus der Japanischen Kultur (EKO).
Ruegg, D. Seyfort. 1967. On a Yoga Treatise in Sanskrit from Qzl. Journal
of the American Oriental Society 87 (2): 157-165.

1 |81

 1
Sander, Lore. 2000. Appendix: A brief paleographical analysis of the Brahm
manuscripts in volume I. In J. Braarvig, eds.,Buddhist manuscripts vol 1, pp.
285-300. Oslo: Hermes Pub. Original edition, 2000.
Schlingloff, Dieter. 1964. Ein Buddhistisches Yogalehrbuch. 2 vols, Sanskrittexte
aus den Turfanfunden. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Skilton, Andrew. 2002. Samadhirajasutra. In J. Braarvig, eds.,Buddhist Manuscripts vol II, pp. 97-178. Oslo: Hermes Pub.
Skjaervo, ProdsOktor. 2002.A complete Catalogue with Texts and Translations:
With Contributions by Ursula Sims-Williams, The British Library.
Yamabe, Nobuyoshi. 2006. Fragments of theYogalehrbuch in the Pelliot
Collection. In D. Schlingloff and J.-U. Hartmann, eds., Ein buddhistisches
Yogalehrbuch : unvernderter Nachdruck der Ausgabe von 1964 unter Beigabe
aller seither bekannt gewordenen Fragmente, pp. 325-347. Dsseldorf: Haus
der Japanischen Kultur (EKO).
Yuyama, Akira. 198. Sanskrit Fragments of the Mahyna Mahparinirvastra,
1. Koyasan Manuscript, Tokyo: The Reiyukai Library.
http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php?title= Agama

82 | .

 1
1
2
3
4

5
6

(Silk Road schu zh l )

.
.. 2556
.. 10-30

(Baums, Stefan. 2009. A Gndhr Commentary on Early

Buddhist Verses: British Library Kharoh Fragments 7, 9, 13 and 18. PhD Dissertation.
University of Washington. P. 280) .

.. 130-140


(Glass, Andrew,

and Mark Allon. 2007. Four Gndhr Sayuktgama stras: Senior Kharoh fragment 5,
Gandhran Buddhist texts. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p.140)
7
8

na ca dharmakyabalddhyate na pa (rihyate)

There is no loss or diminuation of the power of the Dharmakya.

.
2
11
(Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. 1916a. atapacaatik Stotra. In A. F. R. Hoernle,
9

10

eds., Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature found in Eastern Turkestan. Oxford: Clarendon
Press. pp. 58 -75)
12
(Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. 1916b. Catuataka Stotra. In A. F. R. Hoernle,
eds., Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature found in Eastern Turkestan, Oxford: Clarendon
Press. p. 75; Hartmann, Jens-Uwe. 2002. Buddhastotras by Mtcea. In J. Braarvig, eds.,
Buddhist manuscripts vol. 2, pp. 303-312. Oslo: Hermes Pub. Original edition: p. 305)

7-8 (Rahder, Johannes. 1953. The atapacatka

of Mtcea by D. R. Shackleton Bailey. Journal of the American Oriental Society 73 (3): 172

13

-3. p. 172)
.. 601-800

1 |83

5 10

15
(Slanting Gupta Script) Eastern Turkestan ()
9 11
16
Sir Aurel Stein Khora
17
146-150
18
Hoernle spiritual body
19
.

145.

146. (Hoernle 1916a:
14

20

74)

(Hoernle, A. F. Rudolf. 1916b. Catuataka Stotra. In A. F. R. Hoernle, eds.,

Manuscript remains of Buddhist literature found in Eastern Turkestan, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
pp. 75-84)
21
Sir Aurel Stein
Khora (Slanting Gupta Script)
22
lit. = (antara sumahmaha)
23
()

24
( ) 2555 : 71
25
(.. 14/106/90)
26

27

As Matsuda (2000: 65) notes, This stra employs the narrative of Queen rmldev to express
the Tathgatagarbha theory that although all beings are enmired in afflictions (klea), in essence
they are the same as the Buddha, that is, all living beings dwell within the womb (garbha) of the
Tathgata (i.e., Buddha).

(. . 1/11)
29
2
30

28

84 | .

31
32

33

Gilgit-Bamiyan Type I
Sander, Lore. 2000. Appendix: A brief paleographical analysis of the Brahm manuscripts
in volume I. In J. Braarvig, eds.,Buddhist manuscripts vol 1, pp. 285 - 300. Oslo: Hermes
Pub. Original edition, 97. Cf. Skilton, Andrew. 2002. Samadhirajasutra. In J. Braarvig, eds.,
Buddhist Manuscripts vol II,. Oslo: Hermes Pub. p. 295
St Petersburg Collection

argument dialectic

35

34

36
37

38
39

Schyen Collection

. There is sufficient overlap in the waist area to establish that the two manuscripts roughly represent the same recension of the text. (Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik
Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from
Greater Gandhra. In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist Manuscripts, Oslo Hermes Publ. p. 133)

ye m rpea adrkur ye m ghoea anvayu mithyprahaprast na m drakyanti

te jan draavyo dharmato buddho dharmakyas tathgata dharmat cpy avijey na
sakya vijnitu
Harison (2006)

40

S.III.120.

2
(Upright Gupta)

43
(Tajikistan)
(Kyrgyzstan)
41
42

1 |85

44
45
46

philologists
Buddhologists

Saddharmapuarka-stra, Sagha-stra, ragamasamdhi-stra, Suvarabhsottamastra, Vimalakrtinirdea-stra, Bhadrakalpika-stra, Bhaiajyaguruvairyaprabharjatath

gata-stra, Aokavadna, Nandvadna and Sudhanvadna

47

Book of Zambasta, Khotanese Majurnairtmyvatra and Book of Vimalakrti

48

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/buddhism-iii 21 2557

49
50
51
52

Gilgit

Puri, Baij Nath. 1987. Buddhism in central Asia. 1st ed, Buddhist traditions; v. 4. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass. pp. 102-3

53

ai varasahasri maitreyo dvipadottama deayiyati saddharma st loknukampay

atni ca sahasri prina sa vinyaka vinya dharmakyena tato nirvam
eyati .
54
(yogcra) (yoga) (cra)
(practice of yoga)

55

( .
)

Schlingloff, Dieter. 1964. Ein Buddhistisches Yogalehrbuch. 2 vols, Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag. p. 1967
56
(Qzl) (Kucha)
57
58

Schlingloff
Esoteric practice

61

62

63
Ruegg embodiment
64

59
60

65
66

awakened

86 | .

 awakening

69

70
Qzl Kizil
67
68

71
72
73
74

Rllicke

Khadalik

Domoko Oasis

(Eastern
Turkestan
)
76
Nanjio 1883:30-31; Lokakema, and Paul M. Harrison. 1998. The Pratyutpanna samdhi stra,
BDK English Tripiaka. Berkeley, CA: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research,
Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the
Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from Greater Gandhra. In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist
75

Manuscripts, pp. 133 - 160. Oslo Hermes Publ.

14 8
78
---
77

79

Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from Greater Gandhra. In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist
Manuscripts, pp. 133 - 160. Oslo Hermes Publ. p.viii

. 2556
3
82
. ( )
2556
83
(Mahyna Maha parinivna Stra
80
81

36 24 Stein and Hoernle collections

29 Petervsky collection St. Petersburg (Bongard-Levin
1986) 6 (Koyasan) (Yuyama 1981) 1
(Koyasan) (Khadalik) (Xinjinag)
85
(Dharmakema)
(Faxian )
84

1 |87

86

87

don dam pai sku

()
SF 11

Or. 15010/65 (Hoernle 143. SB.102): and Or. 15010/137 (Hoernle 142. SC.152) (in italic): SF
11

Matsuda A-3 (Hoernle 143. SB. 102) and A-4 (Hoernle 142. SC. 152)

Folio No. 57

Tib. P50b1-51a5; C50b2-51a6; D50a4-50b7; N73b6-75a1; L104a2-106a1; T99b4-100a3;

S107a2-108a3

ChinD 384c3-23; ChinF 867b17-c10

(Habata:2009, 562.)

verso

6 gavn ett* avocat* [s]dhu [s][dhu m]ahkya[p]. + .o + + .[] + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + + [e]va[] samyagdaranaik[k] . . [e]

7 na bhavitavya. vajrbhedyakyas tath[g]. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

+ + + .. .. [da]r[](a) .. + +

(Habata:2009, 563.)

88

od srung {S srungs} chen po dang rus gcig pa {T add. |} legs so legs so {L legs (s)o legs (s)o}
|| de bzhin gshegs pa ni rdo rje ltar mi shigs pai sku {L add. |} dzin pa la zhugs pa yin te | de
ltar {S lta} yang dag pai lta ba dang | bslab pa la gus par byao || de bzhin gshegs {L gshye :
abbreviation for gshegs} [L106a]87 pa rdo rje ltar mi shigs pai sku dang ldan [N75a] par {TS
add. |} yang dag par lta bai byang chub sems dpa sems dpa chen pos ni {LTS add. |} ji ltar
me long gi ngos la {LT add. |} rang bzhin gyi {DLT gyis; S gi} gzugs brnyan snang ba de bzhin
du {LTS add. |} don dam pai sku gsal {S bsal} bar mthong ngo ||

(ChinD T374 12:384c18)

(ChinF T376 12:867c6-11)

SF15 London C7

88 | .

C-7(a) (Matsuda:1988, 78)

1./// .yakye rca .. ///

2./// . dharmata[tva] sdh(u) ///

3./// khaloim aca ///

4./// .. + .. . ///

C-7(b) (Matsuda:1988, 78)

4./// (e)va[]. tm(a) ///

5./// ..l : saddhar[m](a) ///

6./// .ir manuya [a]ya[m].

7./// nna : ayam eva .. ///

(P80b1-81a8, D78b5-79b3)

(P80b1)(D78b5) de cii slad du zhen | bsags pai khams ma bshig pas na dngos poi sgo nas
mtshams med pa bgyid pa ma lags so || de bzhin gshegs pai sku la ni bsags pai khams kyi bag
(P80b2) kyang (D78b6) ma mchi sa te | chos kyi khams lags na ji ltar bgrongs su rung | de bas
na sems pa skyed pa dang | btsal ba tsam las mtshams med pa bgyid pa zhes ba gyi ste |

(ChinD T37412:396b15-21.)

(ChinF T376 12:875b29-876a3)

91
(Faxian) (Buddhabhadra)
.. 959-961 6 (T376 Vol.12 pp. 853-899)

(Dharmakema) .. 964-973 40 (T374 Vol.12
89
90

pp. 365c-603c)

(Huiyan) .. 996 36 (T375 Vol.12 pp. 605 - 852)

(Jinamitra) (Jagarbha)
(Devacandra) 15
92
. 2556

1 |89

93

94
95

(SAT Daizokyo, T374

12:567a3, 6 )

: 5

(SAT Daizokyo, T374

12:377b21)

96

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 390a24)

97

() (SAT
Daizokyo, T374 12: 372a28)

98

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 383b6)

99

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 392b8)

100

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 406b15)

101

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 580a13)

: (D.III.279; A.III.134; A.II.140. ..
11/420/301; ..22/108/152; ..21/150/189. )

102
103

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 387b1)

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 497c26)

104

(SAT
Daizokyo, T374 12:464c26)
105
( ) (2555)

. 27
53
107
370
108
400
106

90 | .

 380
287
111
288
112
182
113
:
114
( ) (2555) 796
109
110

115

116
117
118

(SAT Daizokyo, T374 12: 580a13)

( ) (2555) 393
(Hoernle MS., No. 144, SA, 5)
Upright Gupta

121

122
?
123

124
2

125
3 ---
()
126
(Hoernle Mss 143, SA. 16)
119
120

127

Upright Gupta

128

me ruta stranumodita ca yathbhipryena mi bodhiprpta sa-dharmakya hi may

ca labdha .

129

dharmadhtupravee ca praveavys tathntare yatra dharmtmaka stpa gabhra supratihita. tatra ca stpamaddhyesmin pa (yet skyamuni jinam | ida stra prakanta
manojena svarea ca .
130
6 (D.III.243; M.III.216; Vbh.70. ..
11/304/255; ..14/619/400; ..35/99/85) 6
() ( ) (D.III.243; M.III.216; Vbh.70. ..
11/305/255; ..14/620/400; ..35/99/85.)
131
132

N. E. Petrovsky Collection St Petersburg (Leningrad)

1 |91

133

N. E. Petrovsky Collection St Petersburg (Leningrad) (Bongard - Levin and

Tyomkin 1969: 269-270)

German Collection
135
1) 2) 3) 4)
() 5) 6) 7)

136
.
137
(?) Klaus Wille
134

138

krata samanusmarati

139

nadgagvlukopam samyaksabuddh svalakaasmnyalakaata=c=vabudhya

srvaja jnam=adhigatavata (SHT 4, p. 257, nr. 623.)

. ( )
2556
141
(acal )

10
1 ( )

2 () (
)
3 () (
)

4 ( ) ( )

5 ( ) (
)

6 () (
)

7 () (
)

8 ( )

9 ()

10
()



140

92 | .

142
143

(anbhoga ) adj. having or offering no enjoyments

4,5. IOL Khot S.10 Ch. 00266.224 - 386: KBT, p. 104 (28) Book of Vim.

226 duragama haudama ba ttye jsa himai satsra hysa acala haama ba vara dha-

227 rmakya akhaua anbaugai ttaa bea haamya bma hamaye vasva nairvattda bya

228 tcana ttalaka harrue maista rannai vaiysa b yausta ttye baida naittapha ttna bea tta

Skjaervo, Prods Oktor. 2002:489, A new edition and translation of lines 224-232 in
Maggi, Le bhmi (forthc.), lines 232 - 263 in More Verses (forthc.).144 Skjaervo, Prods
Oktor. 2002:496.

352 ma daitta vainau dyme khu ra dye dajagaiva sarvaa ba ysa khva ra vaa sthra sbv-

353 va dharmakyaadai jsa ba ysa pa uysaa ttaia baia ba ysa baia smvaha dya
( ) (2555)

145

. 283
284
147
705
148
397
149
301
150
Edgerton Buddhist
Hybrid Sanskrit


146

151

British Library and Senior Collections

Split and Bajaur Collections

154
Schyen, Hirayama and Hayashidera Collections


155
top view
156

152
153

1 |93

94 | .

(Gttingen)
GRETIL2




3

( )
4
GRETIL 180
33 194
2 8
: 40 :
25 17 16
2 |95

13 () 9
1-7

.. 400 .. 1700 5
6

7

1,200
8
[]
9

10
.. 600-800

...11

96 | .

 12
.. 800
.. 1000

13

14
.. 693-793 15
.. 945-94916

17
18

2 |97

...





19
2

20


700
.. 1100
.. 1700

98 | .

21
22
23 10
11
...




()
...24


25

2 |99

26 11-12
27
28



()
() 29

.. 2504 30


7


31
18

100 | .

32 33
34

2

()
35

36


( )

37
8-938

39
2 |101

40
41

...

42

43

844

102 | .





45

( )

2 |103

46
47

5
48

104 | .

49

2 |105

106 | .




50

3
2 |107

2

2

5


51

108 | .


( ). (2545). .

.
( ). (2555).
. :
. .
Bagchi, Sitansusekhar. 1967. Suvarnaprabhasasutram. Buddhist Sanskrit Text 8.
Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute.
Braarvig, Jens, and Ulrich Pagel. 2006. Fragments of the Bodhisattvapiakastra.
In Buddhist Manuscripts, edited by Jens Braarvig. Vol. III. Oslo: Hermes.
Brown, Brian Edward. The Buddha Nature 2010. A Study of the Tathgatagarbha
and layavijna.
Conze, Edward. 1978. The Prajpramit Literature. Tokyo: Reiyukai.
Gmez, Luis O., and Jonathan A. Silk. 1989. Studies in the Literature of the
Great Vehicle :Three Mahyna Buddhist Texts. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Collegiate
Institute for the Study of Buddhist Literature and Center for South and Southeast
Asian Studies, University of Michigan.
Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from Greater Gandhra.
In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist Manuscripts, pp. 133-160. Oslo Hermes Publ.

2 |109

 1
Hoernle, A.F.R., F.E Pargiter, and Sten Konow. 1916. Manuscript Remains of Buddhist Literature Found in Eastern Turkestan: Facsimiles with
Transcripts,Translations and Notes, Vol. 1, P.1/2, Manuscripts in Sanskrit,
Khotanese, Kuchean, Tibetan and Chinese. Oxford.
Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro. 1930. Studies in the Lankavatara Sutra. London:
Routledge.
. 1932 The Lankavatara Sutra. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
. 1968. The Essence of Buddhism. Kyoto: Hozokan.
Vaidya, P.L. 1960 Aasahasrika Prajnpramita. In Buddhist Sanskrit TextsNo.4.
Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute,.
. 1961 Mahyna-stra-sagraha Part I. In Buddhist Sanskrit TextsNo.17.
Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute.
Wayman, Alex, and Hideko Wayman. 1974. The Lions Roar of Queen Srml:
a Buddhist Scripture on the Tathgatagarbha Theory. New York: Columbia
University Press.
Williams, Paul. 1989 Mahyna Buddhism. London: Routledge.
. 2009. Mahyna Buddhism. 2nd edition. London: Routledge.

110 | .

 2
1
2

2556

Gttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages and Related Indological materials
from Central and Southeast Asia

Historical & Doctrinal Approach

5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12
13
14

Conze, Edward. 1978. The Prajpramit Literature. Tokyo: Reiyukai. p.1

(Mahsghika) (ndhra)

(Aashasrik Prajpramit 8,000 )

na hi tathgato rpakyato draavya | dharmakystathgat | Vaidya, P.L. 1960

Aasahasrika Prajnpramita. In Buddhist Sanskrit Texts-No.4.Darbhanga: The Mithila
Institute. p.253

(Pacaviatishasrik Prajpramit 25,000 )

t ca dharmakyena ca rpakyena ca draukmena iyam eva prajpramit

rotavyodgrahtavy... (Kimura 1986, cited in Gretil, 96)

(Vajracchedik Prajpramit 300 )

ye m rpea adrkur ye m ghoea anvayu mithyprahaprast na m drakyanti

te jan draavyo dharmato buddho dharmakyas tathgata...(Gmez and Silk 1989, 105)

(Mahprajpramitopadea,

Mahprajpramita-stra )

(Ngrjuna ) ..
693-793 (.. 150-250)
16
(Kumrajva ) .. 877-956
(.. 334-413) .. 945-949 (.. 402-406)
17

2556 Pitakteeradhams portion 30-38
18
dharmatkya, dharmakya bhtakya
19
Lamotte 546
15

Tentative translation:

2 |111

Answer: Because the beings have patti, [from that they] cannot see even though Buddha-s and
Bodhisattva-s come. In addition, Buddhas dharmakya emits continually their rays, and preaches
dharma all of the time. But it is on account of their sins that those beings are not capable to
see and hear. As if even though the sun rises, the blind is not able to see; the thunder shakes
the earth, the deaf is not able to hear If the mirror is clear and the water is limpid, [we can]
see, but [this mirror are] dirty, cloudy and [the water] is muddy, [we] see nothing. Thus, the
beings, whose mind is pure, see Buddha, whereas [the beings,] whose mind is impure could not
see Buddha. As a result, now there are Buddhas and Bodhisattvas in ten regions, however, who
come to save the beings, but these beings [whose mind is impure] are capable to see.

(T25 No.1509,
126b16-24)

20

(T 25, No.1509,121c26-122a4)

(T25, No.1509,278a18-b2)

(Schyen Collection)

13,000 120 134 5,000
5,300
22
(Bodhisattvapiakastra)
21

23

palm leaf fragments

24

Braarvig, Jens, and Ulrich Pagel. 2006. Fragments of the Bodhisattvapiakastra. In Buddhist
Manuscripts, edited by Jens Braarvig. Vol. III. Oslo: Hermes.p. 82 .

1
1
26
(Gilgit)
25
27

Vajracchedik Prajpramit

28

Harrison, Paul. 2006. Vajracchedik Prajpramit: A New English Translation of the Sanskrit Text Based on Two Manuscripts from Greater Gandhra. In J. Braarvig, eds., Buddhist
Manuscripts, pp. 133-160. Oslo Hermes Publ. p.133

29

ye m rpea adrkur ye m ghoea anvayu mithyprahaprast na m drakyanti

te jan draavyo dharmato buddho dharmakyas tathgata dharmat cpy avijey na s
akya vijnitu || Gmez, Luis O., and Jonathan A. Silk. 1989. Studies in the Literature of

112 | .

the Great Vehicle :Three Mahyna Buddhist Texts. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Collegiate Institute for
the Study of Buddhist Literature and Center for South and Southeast Asian Studies, University
of Michigan. p. 105

30

31
32
33

34

Whoever saw me through my physical form, Whoever followed me through the sound of my voice,
Engaged in the wrong endeavours, Those people will not see me. A Buddha is visible through the
dharma, A Realized One has the dharma for a body, But the nature of dharma being unknowable
by sensory consciousness, It cannot be known by sensory consciousness. (Harrison 2006, 156)

.
(.. 1961)
(Vajracchedik nma triatik prajpramit)

ye m rpea cdrkurye m ghoea cnvagu | mithyprahaprast na m drakyanti

te jan || dharmato buddho draavyo dharmaky hi nyak | dharmat ca na vijey na
s aky vijnitum || Vaidya 1961 Mahyna-stra-sagraha Part I. In Buddhist Sanskrit
Texts-No.17.Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute. p.87

.. 1701-1800 1
(Suvaraprabhsastra)

[tath prama bahu puyaskandha yan]me ruta stranumodita ca | yathbhipryea

mi bodhi prpt saddharmakyaca may hi labdha || Bagchi, Sitansusekhar. 1967. Suvarnaprabhasasutram. Buddhist Sanskrit Text 8. Darbhanga: The Mithila Institute. p.82
[...] me ruta stranumodita ca |yathbhipryea mi bodhi prpta sadharmakya hi
may ca labdha || Hoernle, A.F.R., F.E Pargiter, and Sten Konow. 1916. Manuscript Remains
of Buddhist Literature Found in Eastern Turkestan: Facsimiles with Transcripts,Translations
and Notes, Vol. 1, P.1/2, Manuscripts in Sanskrit, Khotanese, Kuchean, Tibetan and Chinese.
Oxford. p.113

.
1
37
(Saddharmalakvatrastra, Lakvatrastra )
35
36
38

Williams, Paul. 2009. Mahyna Buddhism. 2ndedition. London: Routledge. p.104

39

40
41

Ibid.,p.103

2556
39

2 |113

42

Teach me, Blessed One, concerning that most subtle doctrine which explains the Citta, Manas,
Manovijna, the five Dharmas, the Svabhvas, and the Lakanas; which is put in practice by
the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas ... teach them regarding the Dharmakya which is praised by the
Tathgatas and which is the realm of layavijna which resembles the ocean with its waves.
Suzuki 1932 The Lankavatara Sutra. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 39-40

43

(rmldev Sihanda Stra )

44
45

Brown, Brian Edward. The Buddha Nature 2010. A Study of the Tathgatagarbha and
layavijna. p.3
Wayman, Alex, and Hideko Wayman. 1974. The Lions Roar of Queen Srml: a Buddhist Scripture
on the Tathgatagarbha Theory. New York: Columbia University Press. p.98

.
1
46
( ) (2555) ( ).
.
588
47
6 6 1.)
, 2.) , 3.)
, 4.)
, 5.)
, 6.) ,
D.III.243; Vbh.180. ..11/306/255; ..35/120/105.
48
( ) (2555) ( )
754
49
51
50
53
51
17

114 | .

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(.. 1530-1822)


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23 24
25
26
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27 28

29 30
31
32 3334
35

36

37
38
34
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176 40

118 | .





41

42 43

44
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46 47


48
649
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52


53
54
55
56
57
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( )

60

120 | .

61
62
.. 690

(
.. 689-710)63 .. 718-741
64

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.. 500 65

122 | .

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66


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78
79

80

81
82
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83 3
84
85
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89
90

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93
94




95

96
97
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102

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107

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18

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109

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87

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112

113
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119

120 .. 988-996121


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134
124

17 125
.
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(nitya) (dhruva)
(vata)

127
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132

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-

133
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137
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(Taisho)
.
11 2 , 2 ,
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No. 2139

142 | .


140

4 8

141






...142

3 | 143

143
144

...
145
4 146
147

148

149

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4 150

151

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153

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158

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3 | 151

. (2525). ().
.
. . (2556). 6
2556.
. (2009). .
.
( ). (2555).
( ).
. : . .
( ) .. 9 . (2525).
7
, 723.
(2539) 4
. .
An Shigao , trans., Foshuo Da Anban Shouyi Jng Juan Shang
T602, Tripitaka (Tokyo, November 28, 2011), Tokyo, The
SAT Daizky Text Database.
Bumbacher, Stephan Peter. 2007. Early Buddhism in China: Daoist Reactions. In The Spread of Buddhism, edited by Ann Heirman and Stephan Peter
Bumbacher. Leiden: Brill.

152 | .

Chen Hui Zhuan , and The SAT Daizky Text Database. Yin Chi Ru
Jing Zhu T1694. Tripitaka. Tokyo, November 28, 2011. The SAT
Daizky Text Database.
Deleanu, Florin. 1997. A Preliminary Study of An Shigaos Translation of the
Yogcrabhmi. Kansai Medical University 17: 3352.
Emmerick, R. E. 1969 Notes on The Book of Zambasta. Journal of the Royal
Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland no. 1 January 1, (1969): 5974.
. 1992. Mindfulness of Breathing in the Dhyana Sutras. In Transactions
of the International Conference of Orientalists in Japan, 37: 4257.
Fotuo mi duo . Wu Men Chan Jing Yao Yongfa
T619. Tokyo, n.d. The SAT Daizky Text Database. Accessed November
20, 2012.
Huang Wuda , Foshuo Da Anban Shouyi Jing Chanxiu Liyao Zhi
Yanjiu, Taiwan, March 2009. http://
blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_9dc86fef010113ws.html.
Hung, Hung-lung. 2004. Meditation in the Oldest Chinese Concept-Matching
(geyi) Buddhism The Term Yi in the Foshuo Da Anban Shouyi Jing, Journal
of Indian and Buddhist Studies 53, no. 1 (December 2004): 320316.
Kumar, Yukteshwar. 2005. A History of Sino-Indian Relations: 1st Century
A.D.to 7th Century A.D. : Movement of Peoples and Ideas Between India and
China from Kasyapa Matanga to Yi Jing. Aph Publishing.
Liang Qichao , Zhang Pinxing , Yang Gang , and Wang
Xiangyi . 1999. Liangqichao Quanji . Beijing : Beijing
chuban she .
Luo, Xuanmin, and Hong Lei. 2004. Translation Theory and Practice in China.
Perspectives: Studies in Translatology 12, no. 1: 20.
Martini, Giuliana. 2011 Mahmaitr in a Mahyna Stra in KhotaneseContinuity and Innovation in Buddhist Meditation. Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist
Studies 24 (2011): 121194.

3 | 153

 1
Muller, A. Charles, ed. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism. Digital Dictionary
of Buddhism , n.d. Accessed December 4, 2012.
. Yi , Mentation. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, Nattier, Jan. 2008.
A Guide to the Earliest Chinese Buddhist Translations: Texts from the Eastern
Han Dong Han and Three Kingdoms San Guo Periods. International
Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University. n.d. Accessed
August 26, 2013.
Nogami Toshi Shizuka and Sheng Yan , 1993. Zhongguo Fojiao
Shi Gai Shuo .Taiwan shangwu yin shuguan
.
Oldmeadow, Harry. 2007. Light From the East: Eastern Wisdom for the Modern
West. World Wisdom, Inc.
Rhie, Marylin M. 1999. Early Buddhist Art of China and Central Asia: Later
Han,Three Kingdoms and Western Chin in China and Bactria to Shanshan in
Central Asia. Leiden: Brill.
Shi Guohua . Nianfo Sanmei Xing Fa Chutan
. Fuyan Foxueyuan Di Ba Jie Chuji Bu Xuesheng Lunwen Ji
(June 1999): 651682.
Yamabe, Nobuyoshi. 1999. The Sutra on the Ocean-like Samadhi of the Visualization of the Buddha: The Interfusion of the Chinese and Indian Cultures
in Central Asia as Reflected in a Fifth Century Apocryphal Sutra. Ph.D. diss.,
Yale University.
. 2002. Practice of Visualization and the Visualization Sutra: An Examination of Mural Paintings at Toyok, Turfan. Pacific World: Journal of the
Institute of Buddhist Studies (2002): 123152.
. 2010. Two Chinese Meditation Manuals in Conjunction with Pozdneyevs Mongolian Manual. In From Turfan to Ajanta:Festschrift for Dieter
Schlingloff on the Occasion of His Eighteeth Birthday, edited by Eli Franco
and Monika Zin, 2:10451058.Rupandehi: Lumbini International Research
Institute.

154 | .

Zacchetti, Stefano. 2008 A New Early Chinese Buddhist Commentary: The

Nature of the Da Anban Shouyi Jing (T 602) Reconsidered. Journal of the
International Association of Buddhist Studies 31: 421- 484.
Zrcher, Erik. 2007.The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China. Leiden: Brill.

3 | 155

3
1

(2557)

(DIRI)

2
3

( Qin ShiHuang) .. 284-333

(Shi Lifang)

Kumar, Yukteshwar. 2005. A History of Sino-Indian Relations: 1st Century A.D.to 7th Century
A.D. : Movement of Peoples and Ideas Between India and China from Kasyapa Matanga to Yi
Jing. Aph Publishing.

Zrcher, Erik. 2007.The Buddhist Conquest of China: The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism
in Early Medieval China. Leiden: Brill. p. 20

( Han Ming Di ) .. 571-618

( Hou Hanshu )

7
8
9
10

Nogami Toshi Shizuka () and Sheng Yan () 1993: 10

(Fu Yi ) .. 590-635
Zrcher, op.cit. p.320

(2009)
42
12
Cai Yin
11

13

Liang Qichao , Zhang Pinxing , Yang Gang , and Wang Xiangyi .

1999. Liangqichao Quanji . Beijing : Beijing chuban she . p.3727

(Xiongnu)
(Indo Scythian)
16
(Kasyapa Matanga ) (Dharmaratna
Gobharana )
14
15

17

(Kumar 2005: 39)

(Si shi er jing )

(Shi di duan jie ) (Fo ben sheng ) (Fa hai zang
) (Fo ben xing )
19

20
(2525) ()
37
18

156 | .

21

Luo, Xuanmin, and Hong Lei. 2004. Translation Theory and Practice in China. Perspectives:
Studies in Translatology 12, no. 1. p. 20.

(Parthia )
(Kushan ) (Yuezhi ) (Indo-Scythian)
24
(Sogdian)
25
(An Shigao ) .. 690-712
26
(Kang Senghui ), Sanghapala
27
(Chen Hui )
28
(Zhi Loujiachen Zhi Chen )
29
(Kang Ju )
30
(Kang Meng Xiang )
22
23

31

Rhie, Marylin M. 1999. Early Buddhist Art of China and Central Asia: Later Han,Three Kingdoms
and Western Chin in China and Bactria to Shanshan in Central Asia. Leiden: Brill. p.2324

(Zhi Liang )
(Dhammapala, Tan Guo )
34
(Kapilavastu)
35

32
33

36

Rhie, op.cit. p.32

( T.2145)
38
(heshang ) (Nattier) (updhayya) (Nattier
37

2008: 39)

( ) (Daoans ZLZJML)
.. 917
40
( T.2034, 49) () .. 1140
41
(geyi method of analogy)
42

(shou ) (guarding or observing) Bumbacher, Stephan Peter. 2007. Early Buddhism in China: Daoist Reactions. In The
Spread of Buddhism, edited by Ann Heirman and Stephan Peter Bumbacher. Leiden:
Brill. p.219
39

43

An Shigao , trans., Foshuo Da Anban Shouyi Jing Juan Shang

T602, Tripitaka (Tokyo, November 28, 2011), Tokyo, The SAT Daizky Text Database.

3 | 157

44
45
46

(Yogcrabhmi) Daodi jing (T607)

Deleanu, Florin. 1997. A Preliminary Study of An Shigaos Translation of the Yogcrabhmi.

Kansai Medical University 17: 3352. pp. 3352

(Anban jie ) Zacchetti, Stefano. 2008 A New

Early Chinese Buddhist Commentary: The Nature of the Da Anban Shouyi Jing (T 602) Reconsidered. Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 31: 421- 484. pp.473475

( shou to keep watch; to observe)
( si to think; to consider) ( sixiang thought; thinking)
8
()
( si shen ) ()

(Bumbacher 2007: 203228)

48
(npnasvadi)
49
.. 501-600
47

50

Deleanu, Florin. 1997. A Preliminary Study of An Shigaos Translation of the Yogcrabhmi.

Kansai Medical University. pp. 44-47

(2539) 4 .
61
52
(Foshuo da anban shouyi jing ) (T602)
4 () (an,
ban, shou, yi, ) 6 (the six steps ) (the sixteen
bases, soasavatthuka, ) (ibid. 5152) 37 (the
37 bodhipakiyadharma ) (Huang Wuda 2009: 6) 6
(the breath technique) 1. (counting
the breath, gaan , ) 2. (pursuing the breath, anugama , )
3. (concentration or stillness, sthpan ) 4. (observation,
upalakan ) 5. (the turning away, vivarta ) 6. (purification,
51

pariuddhi )

158 | .

53

(T-ABSYJ T602, 15:169c22-c23) As for the

ability to guard mindfulness [smti] at the centre of the body, it is known as the mindfulness
dwells contemplating [in] the body; [in truth] this is the mindfulness within the centre of the
body.. Michael Radich
Kye kynupass viharati.

(yi ) 1. (mana)
2. (smti)
(shen ) (kou ), (yi )
(smti, mindfulness) (Muller, A. Charles, ed. Yi , Mentation. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, n.d. Accessed August 26, 2013.)
(si yi zhi ) (Hung, Hung-lung
2004: 320316)

(Seishi
Karashima )
(yi )
55
(Chen Hui )
56
(Yin chi ru jing zhu ) (T 1694). 125
5 12 18
8
57
(Anban jie )

54

58

:
(Chen Hui zhuan , and The SAT Daizky Text Database. Yin Chi Ru Jing Zhu
T1694. Tripitaka. Tokyo, November 28, 2011. The SAT Daizky Text Database.)
Breathing comes out from within. In it are contained the four mah-bhta and the mind is
located therein: this is called internal [body]. Breathing comes from without, and the same
happens with the four mah-bhta. (Zacchetti 2008: 474 - 475)

.. 701-800
( ) .. 9 (2525)
. 7 .
.. 2525, 723
61
(Lokakema, Zhi Loujiachen Zhi Chen )
59
60

3 | 159

62

(Pratyutpanna Samdhi-stra, Foshuo banzhou sanmei jing

The Samdhi of Being in the presence of all the Buddhas)
..707-729 Oldmeadow, Harry. 2007. Light From

63

hun d (.. 146-67)

the East: Eastern Wisdom for the Modern West. World Wisdom, Inc. p.140

: (ragama-samdhi Stra, Shou

lengyan sanmei jing, )
, (Prajpramit Stra, Dao xing banruo jing,
) The Practice of the Path, (Pratyutpanna Stra, Ban zhou
sanmei jing ), (Adushi wang jing ), (Za
biyu jing ), (Wuliang qingjing pingdeng jue jing
), (Baoji jing )
65
2556 6 2556 25
66


67

68
2556
69
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.
530
70
419
71
498
72
508
73
.

74
( ), 575
75
.. 500
76
(houqin )
77
(Book of Zambasta)
( Martini 2011: 121194 Emmerick 1969: 5974)
(Yogalehrbuch)(Yamabe
1999: 60-71), (The Mongolian manual) (Yamabe 2010: 1045),
(The Essence of the Meditation Manual Consisting of Five Gates
) T619,
(The Abridged Essentials of Meditation ) T617
64

160 | .

 (Kumrajva )
(Abridged Essentials ) T617
80
(Kizil Caves) ( Xinjiang)
81
(Kashmiri) (Kumryana)
82
(Jvaka)
83
(Bandhudatta)
84
(Drgha gama) (Madhyama gama) (Kudraka)
85
(Kashgar)
86
(Buddhayaa)
87
(Turpan Turfan)
88
(Madhyamaka) (Nagarjuna)
89
(Fu Jian )
90
(Lu Guang)
91
(Yao Xing )
92
Diamond Stra, Amitabha Stra, Lotus Stra,
78
79

the Vimalakirti Nirdesa Stra, Mlamadhyamakakrik, Aashasrik Prajpramit Stra,

Mahprajpramit Upadea

93

94

(Amitbha ) : 1 5

(T617, 15:299c27-300a04)

96

( T161, 15:7299b11)
(

97

(Shi Guohua 1999: 1011)

95

T617, 15:299b1)

( ()
()
100
()
98
99

3 | 161

101
102

()
(Pratyutpanna Samdhi-stra )

103

(Daabhmivibhsstra )

105
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.
506
106
627
107


295

..

322
108
(Dharmamitra Tanmomiduo ) ()
109
(Pancadvara-dhyna-stra-maharthadharma ) (Samantabhadra bodhisattva Stra
) (kagarbha bodhisattva stra )
()
104

110

(Fotuo mi duo T619, 15:326a20a23) The master must further instruct him, saying: From now
on abandon the previous two contemplations. Concentrate your mind on your navel. Having
received the masters instructions, [the practitioner] single-mindedly contemplates his navel.
Having contemplated his navel for ashot time, he feels something moving inside his navel, like
a herons egg, white in color. He goes and tells the master.The master says: Look further at
this place. [The ractitioner] does as the master instructs. Having contemplated it [further],
[he sees that] there is a lotus flower, with a beryl stem, and a golden centre platform-bud. On
the platform is a Buddha, seated in the cross-legged posture.From within this Buddhas navel
another lotus flower emerges, atop which there is another Buddha sitting in the cross-legged

162 | .

posture. This continues,[Buddha emerging from the navels of other buddhas,] until [the world is
filled] up to the [edge of the] ocean. Then, at the edge of the ocean, the last Buddha reenters the
previous Buddhas navel, and so forth back to the [original] Buddha [that had emerged from]
the practitioners navel. (Translated by Eric Matthew Greene)
111

The last Buddha by the ocean returns into the navel of

the next Buddha, and this Buddha returns into the navel of the third Buddha. Thus [the Bud-

dhas] disappear one after another, until [the final one] enters the practioners navel. When
the [practioner] has made each Buddha enter the practioners navel. (Translated by Yamabe

2010:1052) ()
, ,
[]
112
(The practioner observes the inside of the navel)
113
(Visualization Manual ) T85 (Foshuo guan jing T2914, Tripitaka (Tokyo, n.d.), The SAT DaizkyText Database, accessed November 20, 2012.)
(Chan Manual ) (Changlu Zongyi ) 17
12 (Yamabe 2010:1055) (Secret Essentials of
Meditation) T613 (Yamabe 2010:1050)
114
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622
115
472
116
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117
.. 701-1100
118
. (2556)

119
()
120
(Gunabhadra ) .. 937-1011 (.. 394-468)
121
.. 435-443 The Korean Buddhist Canon: A Description Catalogue, accessed on
2nd May 2013.

http://www.acmuller.net/descriptive_catalogue/files/k0410.html

.. 435
.. 468
124

122
123

3 | 163

17 12

126

125

(1) P tsu 133b-215a (2) N ma207b-332a (3) Dtsha126a-206b (4) Lma196a-315b

17 2
Peking and Derge
7

127

[P176a4][D169a3]de bzhin gshegs pa'i rtag pa ther zug g.yung drung gi mchog bsil bar gyur
pa | [P176a5] shis pa ni sangs rgyas te | de bzhin gshegs pa ni chos kyi sku'o || de bzhin gshegs
pa'i snying po rgaba med pa'o zhes bya ba 'di ni [D169a4] 'phags pa'i lam yan lag brgyad pa
yin par rig par bya'o ||

(T120 2: 532a20-29)

128

[P167a2] [D159b4] || de bzhin gshegs pa chos kyi sku || ... || de bzhin gshegs pa ye shes sku ||

(T120 2: 527b08-13)

129

[D185a2] nga tshe rabs mang bo gang gi klung gi bye ma snyed du bskal pa bye ba mang po
grangs med [D185a3] par lha dang mir bcas pai sems can bye ba mang po dod pai dbang
du gyur pa rnams nyon mongs pa med pa la bkod pas na | ngai lus gtse ba dang bral zhing gtse
ba med pai chos kyi skur gyur to ||

(T120 2: 536b6-8)

130

[P193a3][D185b2]ngas tshe rabs mang po gang gi klung gi bye ma snyed du bskal pa bye
ba mang po grangs med par lha dang mir bcas [D185b3] pai sems can bye ba mang po rnams
jigs pa thams cad las bsgral te | byang chub pa la bkod pas na | ngai lus bla na med pai chos
kyi skur gyur to ||

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) .. 956 (.. 413) ()
134
135

140

141

142

(Samyuktgama- SA604 )
(Guabhadra ) .. 978986 (..
435443) (Divyvadna) T099 2:168b15-23
...

(Samyuktgama- SA2 196 ) (Aggivacchagotta Sutta)

T100 2:445c 2-8
144

143

145

146

The four delusions in reference to the ego: ignorance in regard to the ego;
holding to the ego idea; self-esteem, egotism, pride; self-seeking, or desire, both the
latter arising from belief in the ego. Also .

(The four viparyaya i. e. inverted or false beliefs in regard

to that is to say impermanent, suffering, impersonal, and impure)

147

148

(Egottargama-EA1 )
(Dharmanandi
) (Fu Qin State ) (Saghadeva
) (Eastern Jin Dynasty ) .. 940-941 (..
397398) (Maghadeva Sutta) T125 2:549c14-550a1

149

150

151

3 | 165

152
153
154
155
156

(Egottargama- EA48.2 ) (
) T125 2:787b20-29

2:855b10-b19

(Egottargama )

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304 | .

 (2543)

------- (2519)
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4
(2539)

(2547) -

Bhattacharyya, Benoytosh. 1980. An Introduction to Buddhist Esoterism. Motilal
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306 | .

-------. Centre-of-the-Centre: Efficacy in Buddhist Meditation. A work in progress

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 1
McDaniel, Justin Thomas. 2011. The lovelorn ghost and the magical monk : practicing Buddhism in modern Thailand. Columbia University Press. New York .
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Tibetan succes-sors. Orchid Press. Bangkok.
Urkasame, Kitchai. 2013. A Study of Elements in Yogvacara Tradition from
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W R Jn. 1995. Buddhism Dictionary. 3rd ed. Bijng: National Printing
House. ( . 1995.. 3rd ed. : .)

308 | .

 5
1
2
3
4
5

2556
Yjng; ..1196-1256 (.. 635-713)
(2553) . :
concept

practice

2556
7
40
8
1.10-2.2


1.10 1 10
() ()
() 17I.5 17 1 5
9

10
2.5
11
3.2
12
4.7-4.9, 5.3-5.5
13
13.11
14
3.9-3.12
15
5.5-5.10
16
5.10-6.9
17
6.10-7.4
18
7.4-9.6
19
9.7-10.2
20
10.2-11.2
21
11.3-11.9
22
11.10-12.10
23
12.10-13.5
24
22.8
6

5 |309

22.12
24.7
27
25.14
28
33.1
29
43.11
30
45.13
31
49.5
32
50.1
33
/
34

35
52.11
36
12.9
37
17I 8-19.3
38
53.1-54.3
39
18 II 5
40
..2092

41

42

43
54.3
25
26

44

Urkasame, Kitchai. 2013. A Study of Elements in Yogvacara Tradition from Tham Scripts
Palmleaf Manuscripts. Doctor of Philosophy. The University of Sydney. p.245

45

Ibid. p. 290

58.4
59
48
61.7
49

2556
50
concept
51
60.7
52

53
1261
54
82.117.11.057-057
55
1236
56
82.117.11.057-057
46
47

310 | .

 1198
.01.20.132.02
59
6
57
58
60
61
62

theme

2.1,13.1

Bizot 1994, 1992, 1981, 1976; Bizot & Lagirarde 1996

2556
64
6.4
65
9.2
66

67

2556
68
2.40.1
69

70
2.5.2, 8.1, 13.4, 14.4,16.3
71
3.14.4
72
8.1-4
73
2.4
74
, (2540) :

75
. (2552) . :
76

77

78
.. 2540.
79
44.4
80
18 II. 5
81
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
284
63

82
83
84

soteriology

( ) (2555) ( )
371
wisdom

5 |311

2.17.1
53.27
87

88
13.2
89
16.1
90
17.1
91
2.15.2
92
1.28.1, 45.3
93
2.48.3
94
1.43.1, 2.18.1
95
6
96

97

98
16.3, 3.5.3
99
31.2
100
2.47.2
101
2.39.4
102
2.48.4
103
essence
104
1.30.1
105
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
655
106
6.2
107
15.2-4
108
27.1
109
57.2
110
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
531
111
36
112
57.1
113
1.48.4
85
86

114

extinction

115

decontaminated

312 | .

 ( ) (2555) ( )
: .
427
117
33.1
118
( ) (2555) ( )
20
119
, 54
120
: . ;
121
10.4
122
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
54
123
: .
124
20.3
125
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
427
126
1.26.3
116

127

purify

128

eliminate

129

extinct

( ) (2555) ( )
: .
598
131
, 22
132
, 797
133
(.
)
134
56.3
135
2.47.1
136
(.
)
137

138
37.1
139
48.4
130

5 |313

140
141

2.47.1
cross section

( ) (2555) ( )
: .
44, 566, 598
143
( ) (2555)
: .
144
( ) ( ) 72
145
: .
146
(): . , ,
147
: .()
148

149
: .
150
14.4
151

152
48.4
153
56.1
154
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
173
142

155

methodology

( ) (2555) ( )
: .
69
157
72
158
: ++
159
: .
160
: . . ,
161
2.37.4
162
6.1
163
7.3
164
: ++
165
: . ,
166
: . , ,
167
2.32.3
156

314 | .

 ( ) (2555) ( )
: .
51
169
, 386
170
, 285
171
, 867
172
16.1
173
15.4
174
:
175
16.4
176
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
72
177
, 285
178
, 47
179

180
, 464
181
, 773
182
, 775
183
, 100
184
46.3
185
53.3
186
7.1
187
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
294
188
, 332
189
57.3
190
: .
191
31.4
168

192
193

task of practice

( ) (2555) ( )
: .
145

5 |315

, 194
, 67
196
, 167
197
, 173
198
14.2
199

200
: ., , ,
201
47.3
202
22.3
203
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
925
204
, 16
205
40.4
206
AIII.106. .. 22/79/121.
207
Vism 118169. .1/150217
208
21.1
209
19.1
210
(M I.301; S IV.293. .. 12/510/549; .. 18/564/362.)
211

212

213
: . ,
214

215
20.1
216
5.2
217
31.4
218
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
17
219
, 50
220
, 200-201
221
, 149
222
, 69
223
, 69
224
5.2
194
195

316 | .

225
226
227

31.4
M I.301; S IV.293. ..12/509/550; .. 18/561/361.
comparative analysis

( ) (2555) ( )
: .
678
229
, 745
230
, 586
231
: . , , .
232
2.38.3
233

2556
234
( ) (2555) ( )
: .
35
235
608
228

5 |317

318 |

 3

( .. 300-500) ( .. 5001100)

( .. 1100-1300)
12

( .. 1300-2000)

7 (.. 1724 - .. 1762?)

(.. 2000-2500)

6 |319

7
(.. 1724 - .. 1762?)

320 | .




800
3400 2


253

927

28

6 |321

11 15


4 5 6
8 10
10 10 8 (
) 4 5
21 12 4
5

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5 8


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322 | .


--- .. 2489

5
3

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6 5

5
5 ---- 1
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6 |323

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5
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5

324 | .

7





6 |325

8



9

326 | .

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6 |327

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3
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328 | .

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7
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330 | .


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16

5

5
1.
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( 2)

6 |333

3.
( 3)
7
4.
( 4)
7
5.
( 5)
7
5
6 8 10
5 ( 6) ( 7)
( 8) ( 9) (
10)

()

5 8 10 227

334 | .

17

6 |335

-
8

18

336 | .

19

6 |337

20

4









338 | .

6 |339

( )

340 | .

6 |341

Bizot, Franois. 1992. Le Chemin de Lak. in Textes bouddhiques du Cambodge. Paris: cole franaise dExtrme-Orient.Bizot

6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

.. 2556
(FEMC,EFEO) - http://www.khmermanuscripts.org/en/
methodology/age.html)

.. 2401-2500

.. 2556
8 3 - 4
Brahm Sar

Bizot, Franois. 1992. Le Chemin de Lak. in Textes bouddhiques du Cambodge. Paris:

cole franaise dExtrme-Orient.Bizot p.297-299

10
()
-, -
11
66
12
( ) (2555)
: .
201
13
( ) (2555)
: . 909
14
24.1-24.14
15
42.1-42.11
16
( ) (2555)
: . 96
17
910-911
8
9

342 | .

 56
5
20
.
18
19

6 |343

344 | .

-

5 ( ..
450 ) 18-19
4

7 |345

6 14


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, ,
346 | .

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,

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2 8

7 |347

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7 |349

, ,
,

(norm)

350 | .

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7
1

7 |351

.( )
(Dhammachai Inter
national Research Institute; DIRI)


.. 2549
..
2551 ..
2553
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.. 2556

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9
.. 2541
.. 2554

352 | .

()
.. 2520

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7 |353

.. 2549

.. 2550
.. 2513-2534
.. 2556

.
()
(Asia and Middle East Studies, University
of Oslo) Gilgit
Manuscripts
1931
5 Facsimile Edition
Professor Raghu Vira Lokesh Chandra
Gilgit Manuscript

(poadhasthpanavastu)
Diplomatic Edition

.

354 | .

. ..9


.

.





.



Unifying Buddhist Philosophy
Views . Madhyamaka and
Yogcra: Allies or Rivals? .

7 |355

.

9

356 | .

|356

7 |357

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. ()
()

.-
--
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358 | .

.
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, --
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7 |359

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360 | .



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Jeenanath Brady & Family

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7 |361

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364 | .

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.

Dr.Edward Crangle
Dr.Elizabeth Guthrie
Dr.Jeff Wilson
Emeritus Professor Garry Trompf
Kongkoe Souvannakane
Nadia Tarzi

7 |365

366 | .


-
,
. (1977)







, -

,








..
2

Dr.Ronny, Sunisa, DD and family

Lim Eng Koon and Family
Teh Beng Eong-Leong Shan Shan

Alice Lee Seow Hong & Family

Collin-Namfon-Cartier-Lehi-Cole Jessup

7 |367

()

. ( )

( )

( )



..9

( ) ..3



. ..6





.





Dr. Edward F. Crangle

Dr. Jeffrey P. Wilson

Mrs. Nadia Tarzi
(President: DIRI-Board of Directors)

. ( )





.

.
368 | .



. ( )

. ..9







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.

.

. ..9

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7 |369

Leng Kok An
























370 | .

1
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7 |371

372 | .