GASKETED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER I (Heater)

Description: A gasketed heat exchanger consists of a stack of closely spaced thin

plates clamped together in a frame in which a thin gasket seals the plates round
their edges. (Sinnot)
Function: It uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids.
Plate Thickness: 2mm
Gap between the Plates: 3mm
Plate Surface Area: 0.75m2
Length = 1.5 m2
Width = 0.5m2
Plate Composition: Stainless Steel
Gasket Material: Compressed Asbestos
Approximate Temperature Limit: 250C
Advantages:
1. Plate heat Exchangers are easier to maintain. They can be taken apart for
cleaning and inspection.
2. Plate heat exchangers are more flexible it is easy to add extra plates.
3. Fouling tends to be significantly less in plate heat exchangers.
Q = UAFtTlm
Q = heat transferred per unit time, W,
U = Overall heat transfer coefficient, W/m2C
A = Heat-Transfer Area, m2
Tlm = mean temperature difference, the temperature driving force, C
Ft = log mean temperature correction factor

Typical Overall Heat Coefficients

U = 4000 W/m2C
NaOH solution temperature rise is from 50C to 90C
Steam temperature drop will be from 194C to 158.4C.
Tlm = (194 - 90) (158.4 50)/ln((194 90)/ (158.4 50))
Tlm = 106.18C
Heat Load = (45.15kg/s)(3530 J/kg-K)(90C - 50C)
Heat Load = 6375 kW
The Effectiveness NTU (Number of Transfer Units) Method is a procedure for
evaluating the performance of heat exchangers.

NTU = (194C 158.4C)/ 106.18C

NTU = 0.34
Comparing it to a 1:1 pass arrangement.
From the figure above, Ft = 0.99
Area Required = 6375 x 103W/((4000J/Kg.K)(0.99)( 106.18C)
Area = 15.16 m2
Number of Plates = Total Heat Transfer Area/Effective Area of one plate
Number of Plates = 15.16 m2/0.75 m2
Number of Plates = 21 plates
Number of Channels per pass = (21 -1)/2 = 10
Take plate spacing as 3mm.
Channel cross-sectional area = 3 x 10-3 x 0.5 m = 0.0015m2

NaOH Solution:
Channel Velocity = MFR NaOH Solution/Density of NaOH =

Steam:
Channel Velocity = MFR Steam/Density of Steam =

GASKETED PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER II (Condenser)

Another gasketed plate heat exchanger will be used to condense used steam from
deacetylator and dryer to be recycled as boiler feed water.
Description: A gasketed heat exchanger consists of a stack of closely spaced thin
plates clamped together in a frame in which a thin gasket seals the plates round
their edges. (Sinnot)
Function: It uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids.
Plate Thickness: 2mm
Gap between the Plates: 3mm
Plate Surface Area: 0.75m2
Length = 1.5m2
Width = 0.5m2
Plate Composition: Stainless Steel
Gasket Material: Compressed Asbestos
Approximate Temperature Limit: 250C
Advantages:
1. Plate heat Exchangers are easier to maintain. They can be taken apart for
cleaning and inspection.
2. Plate heat exchangers are more flexible it is easy to add extra plates.
3. Fouling tends to be significantly less in plate heat exchangers.
Q = UAFtTlm
Q = heat transferred per unit time, W,
U = Overall heat transfer coefficient, W/m2C
A = Heat-Transfer Area, m2
Tlm = mean temperature difference, the temperature driving force, C
Ft = log mean temperature correction factor

Typical Overall Heat Coefficients

U = 4000 W/m2C
The effective condensation temperature for water vapor is of 77C.
Steam temperature drop will be from 158.4C to 77C
Cooling Water will rise from 20C to 23C as allowed by DENR Administrative Order
No. 34 Series of 1990.
Note: 50C is subject to standards set by DAO-34
Tlm = (158.4 - 23) (77 20)/ln((158.4 - 23)/ (77 20))
Tlm = 90.62C
Heat Load = (280.55kg/s)(4186 J/kg-K)(23C - 20C)
Heat Load = 3523 kW
The Effectiveness NTU (Number of Transfer Units) Method is a procedure for
evaluating the performance of heat exchangers.

NTU = (23C 20C)/90.62C

NTU = 0.033
Comparing it to a 1:1 pass arrangement.
From the figure above, Ft = 1
Area Required = 3523 x 103W/((4000J/Kg.K)(1)(90.62C)
Area = 9.72 m2
Number of Plates = Total Heat Transfer Area/Effective Area of one plate
Number of Plates = 9.72 m2/0.75 m2
Number of Plates = 13 plates
Number of Channels per pass = (13 -1)/2 = 6
Take plate spacing as 3mm.
Channel cross-sectional area = 3 x 10-3 x 0.5 m = 0.0015m2

Cooling Water:
Channel Velocity = MFR Water/Density of Water =

Steam:
Channel Velocity = MFR Steam/Density of Steam =