Making light

Hans U. Gdel
Department fr Chemie und Biochemie
Seminar Fribourg, 13.10.2009

Making light

Area illuminators

OLED Technology

Making light

Light
White and coloured light
Photoluminescence, phosphors
Spectrum
Light emitting diodes (LED)
Outlook

Making light

Light

Fiat Lux

First Book Moses (Genesis), Chapter 1

1 in principio creavit Deus caelum et terram

2 terra autem erat inanis et vacua et tenebrae super
faciem abyssi et spiritus Dei ferebatur super aquas
3 dixitque Deus fiat lux et facta est lux
4 et vidit Deus lucem quod esset bona et divisit lucem
ac tenebras
7

Black body radiation

Temperature:

Colour:

2500C

5000C

7500C
8

Black body radiation

Temperature:

Colour:

5000C

Human eye photoreceptors

10

Incandescent lamp

2500C

11

Dispersion of white light

12

Making light: Additive mixing

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Chromaticity Diagram

14

Photoluminescence

15

Kasha's Rule

16

Light emitting semiconductor

Conduction band

Light emission

Bandgap

+
Valence band

17

Photoluminescence of
CdSe Nanoparticels

18

Fluorescent lamp

20

Luminescent phosphors

21

Lamp and display phophors

BaMgAl10O17: Eu2+

(Ce,Gd)MgB5O10: Tb3+

Y2O3: Eu3+

Judith Grimm

22

The Lanthanides

23

Coloured light

24

LED based technology

25

Light emitting diodes (LED)

Conduction band

Bandgap Electroluminescence

+
Valence band

26

LED Materials
Inorganic
III V Semiconductors
Al, Ga, In

N, P, As, Sb

Organic (OLED)
Polymeric luminescent
molecules with conjugated
electron systems

Al Ga As
Al Ga In P
Al Ga P
Ga N

Polyphenylenvinylene
27

Light emitting polymer

28

Mirco Colombo citations, 3 papers

29

Diode spectra

30

White diode lamp

Diode

Y3Al2(AlO4)3: Ce3+

+
31

Chromaticity Diagram

32

Energy efficiency of light sources

33

Technology steps
Electronics
Tube

Micro
electronics

analog

digital,
solid

Light sources
Tube

Diode

Solid

34

Area illuminators

35

Acknowledgment

Gabriela Frei

36