Direct object

Verb complement

Indirect object

is the receiver of action within a

sentence.
- He hit the ball.

is a direct or indirect object of

verb.
- Granny left Raoul all her

identifies to or for whom or what

the action verb of the verb is
performed.
- The instructor gave his student
As.
(The instructor gave As to his
student.)
- Grandfather left Rosalita and
Raoul all his money.
(Grandfather left all his money to
Rosalita and Raoul.)

*Direct object vs. object

complement

Retained object
is the direct object of the active voice
retained or kept as the direct object in
the passive voice.
Indirect object changes to subject of
passive voice.
Direct object retains as direct object in
passive voice sentence.
- The student was given As by his

Complement
is any word or phrase that completes
the sense of a subject, an object, or a
verb.

Subject complement

Object complement

follows a linking verb; it is normally an adjective or

noun that renames or defines in some way the
subject.

follows and modifiers or refers to a direct object.

It can be a noun or adjective or any word acting as
noun or adjective.
- The convention named Dogbreath Vice
President to keep him happy.
- The clown got the children too excited.

Adjective complement

Noun complement

adjective word, phrase or clause that defines the

subject.
- Glaciers are beautiful and potentially dangerous
at the same time.
- This glacier is not yet fully formed.

a noun word, phrase that defines the subject.

- A glacier is a huge body of ice.
*Noun complement = Predicate
nouns/nominatives