Co'r.pr ehe':sion bkilk Hen.

lboo\

Vol ll

COMPREHENSION SKILL'S HANDBOOK VOL.

2"002.

Volume n o! the Comlr.ndsior Skills Handbook is mant to a.quaint vou with t'\e
skilG needd in dw;ng the aPPli.ation qu6tion (AQ) adePtlv As such, in rhis
hardb@k you win find sohe lointels lor you to attemlt a good r6Pose- Youviu
arso tud ; nubs ot sercises rhat wil hlP you lo Practise tle vdious sulls
requLed {or th AQ. Be diligent ed attenPt then all- The latesi g:rade descriPto6
foi Pa?s 1 dd 2 are also provided heP.

--44w
zoaqi
----@2
IdN6--

^/"4,1/,,[*h

Ro4Ds
A

WHAT

@
@

D
s

clct6

&

c],ct6

&

-...--o

t.rD-.-..--Plt D.

WILT. THE

E(AMNER BE LOOKJNG FOR?

Iheie de @ally fotr sp.1s tnat dasinds look for wlen ffiking
g!.stior Requiiedents, EtPluatio!"Evahationmd cohdence

1 Requirtdents

You lave to

' E\"ldation

Yo{ also hav to show hddstddins of

clct6

_rl{rl
0

DICF

IS THEAFPU*NON QUEsNO\?
Ihe applition qu66on (AQ) wil s{aly be the lasr qusdm in PaPe 2 &d d!ry
betw@ 7-10 !ulc. It *ts to t6t you ud6t ndsg in a ask ddived fron the
s'E pasgP(s). Thc tasts @ indude synthaisinS Wo@tior dFwinE
;mcl6io6 D.kinB d*isioro d distinguishing hcl frcb oPinion Rddrg lhe
pbsarG) wi! b*one a noF veied dd cna!4ging erP'risc

WHAT

uR

orcF

i1

'0
IJ

rhe

demdds of the questio& whe&d it is

StdPing

dd cotetly

r.he

PasS<s) by

int.Pleting the ley id@ md isus

tdsed. You should also olfd rpt jdple beyond th

!'assa8es ad lesonal i*ignt {i@v4 aPPrcPriate.
I! additioa you tLale lo sue that whd yod pG{i you
points of viw on dy oI the Elments in Ae PdeseG), or
wh.n you orrer you pdsonal opinioro on tne Sivel issu6
th6e shodd be cdlully considered so tlat tne viewloint dd
opinios ar convircing ed wli sustained.
Finally, you have to

)/our dwer so tlat the.e is a

dsrue'or Ttc d$cssion mav

oigsise

shtcn over a few pdgEPt$, but

6na to a reasorable conclusion.

College

alPli.arion

to ditically exuine the inlomatior, &aw .ondlsios or

dddd the EiteE' ugudts You ffier shou.ld be relw t
wU thouShrout d cotuisrent in its treahst 4d ldas

logical dev.lopndt in tl1e

fl

J{ru Clong Junior

. Evaluation

4wq

the

ii should

be

w1Ili*ed

od

The fi6t rhins you need to do when arowering the AQ is to ude6tand the deMds
of the qu.srion, lnnl G. whar rind oI resPose b.:P(l-d oIyou. DG lh" qlstioa
r.quir.youto bly.e rhe $ n t i' ai gxmots. or to E.neld le possib;ririrc) Doyou

ideas, or male .ecommendations? You ca! use r^?uestion_

er -'o!ld meet
Tdpic-(eyRord rethod to help you analyse the AQ so that yow
the reqrnemenb of the question.
need

to.lanty th.

dh

Beloh are some questioro that have beo anatsed to helP you figue out what are
som ofthe common requirenents .f tne AQ.

perspectives

4.

@|luk L\. ndts oJ th. tu886t d stnteSia t4 dal witl1 @d1ih@tiot.

that most AQs involve two rsk5, s i! the ore above (a) "Di*ts the
differe.t .iitrio iis ineolved in 6.h of the ouhies d*ibed" dd (b) "evBl6te
the mdits of rhe suSSeted sh-ate8is to de.I with @ch situation"

"Dcdss" - Therr efuine

problctu, i.e evalute

naSnirude d sevdity o{

the
the
the

"srsgsted sE,t%i6" - Nen, Eingle

would rced to justirv tlE

o{t the @nslondin8 Fopo*d

"ev.luae rhe mdits"

- linal,

il iIE mane wodd 6olve,

aleviate or wo66 the psbles
that you lrave idatited in (a).
decide

Rdsbs

to give

]os

for

you

lequns yoo to aplreciare dd dvalurre tle langlaAe

wodd ned to oalyse rhe rouowing:
"wording of the apoloS/' - Fi6tly, the quetion requils you to eaminc
the lette. by looking al th l&glage dryice ad teduiquel usd, tile the
vocabuiary, so s to Nerrain rle lette. miter's atrirude.

possible tnat tle AQ

' 'Whd ob(oob do6 Ure hrer ru}, - SAo.dty Jou nouto have to
state whX th qird of the pege disapproves of the :md in which tne
lcder ha b"qkirla
. "woutd th* obj.liN sril hold FG in orher contqts,, - Thndy, you

lilell

(b)

ccdwiew (,,disdss,,)

used in thepassage(s). You

rt6 5L$6' e b6. ta jSht ttu Mt an Rmtin 8tu'1 tts 6notd turrQ
tad a:.(? latu. 06-K
d,lfl dlltutns nwtu.d in .ed1 ol L* @,nha
'tt

"difiidrlti* involved in ach of the

codkies" - Fi$dy, identit the
Prclldtu costris lac 6om the

1l ,

uhete apaLogi.t ate necsery?

Itjs abo

dsdibed and

(a)

-rferabal

fhe rpala.! Lettet has pn@ken a pfiln aub4 ,qht abjaiahs aaes the untet itke to
tht uatdint af ttu apolaE! a d @dA dse abj.enans stil hoLd ttue in athet ca te*s

sarh po

Ir G

an

applid to

v.tidi9

oI rl

nirels obje.rioa who

diffdent.irc]lfutares dd situtioE.

they

de

5 'ftr PaaBL h$ |rt be pt$ht ol loPiEn uad^ utb aa ehidln n n-ot dtu
hbonaa ua-l ia 6unte lilJ tht Mnik E ! ann E^t Asd Core;do th! siMha" d
tle Jdagn aen'J wn6 ia
Wt @unt-! arn enFa? @ tt'@< nntiorli ,. ;
A good workjn8 k'oaledBe ot id.al is.u6 c impo,rar tor appld ,o. que5hotu

untets h@e

prmkn $cit

tenetiu y nadifed (GM fnas.

yot try ta atltui.tc publi. avi.ry

opinions an th.

an@kgd al ad let$ rcEadinS

slling CM f@d9, htu wLB

IJ lau tun o Mpany

abaut laut ptodtca?

requn* you to inagin yo@elJ in . parricdd situatio! sellhg GM foo.ls". Thd you have to Ee knowled8e
sleaned rroE the passeG) dd/o. lelevmt pson l rnowledge to make sensible
suggestioB to ove(o4e tie obstacle - "how would you try". tstlt you would
have to dorcnd the srggsted hems to thjs dd - "alleviat publc djeqf.

Sometimes, the qrestion

"ll

you

L\arreq--etou o tnlr}.bol tne situabo , J .you cor dy' loLmLtb-tdirir

wirh thp polli(cl. .ocjJ {d e(onomic sphere
so L\a, yol !d
preal a dedible di$usion dd sulpty relevdr exampts. La rhir qlesrio& }'ou
ned to t\inr about rhe forign wortes who work as do;esti. hetp; or hbou;e6
in you home coulry - e.8. how they @ bated - ad vatuate th.ir situation wir]]
those

wlo wo.k elsewhde

om a compey

it'irsan

stppa

An.n@

s poLic! aa

Jateig ]lEtundan uhiL Rob.

sDn obie.ts ta

thr

tlonnet in uhien stdl inttuhtian b aden auL UsinS dE tglndLt nGed by &e nna
ank., disas il it is @u justifabk lat one country to inteide in the intutut ahns aI

For thh kind of questioe you would have to rcad the pssagB caletuily, then
identify and rtale what both writerJ opiniom are on the subj*r - "Using rr\e
aryumenis iaised by the lwo writels" - belole assasin8the validity of the wriiers'
algmnts i^ sid, a ttuaiioh ("if ifis !ft. jlshiiatle fdr one cd66y td iderfere in

6.

me pa$oge,tarianed

Is ft btter? Wo6? The sane?

usut6

the tDbkn afpnet! in tlri@.

odtpt.d ta duL aik pau;ry k Asia.
In additioo you also have to keep up with regionar an.l &lobal cqent aJtairs and
developnents so ihat you .an ofier a viable ,tisosion and suitaue :amples (,in
Asia"). Your discusion wo!!d hedty be.onvinci.g ifyou tajt to demonsr;re su.h

Cansid.t tuhid1

aJ

to

d4t @ith

,h.s'dno4s
east$ @nbe apptied

at

A!-?si5 &EY lrtion

emoievalua(emau$olsarSamenvwriiins

We

Hele is a siolple erercne fo' yo{ to bttr lndeFiand the reqtrnennts of AQs

pr*ss.r sddsbding m

]. whd is/aie rhe nain

Analyse lhe difieent AO qustions blow ard ldn ry ihe reqllremenls of each
quesuon by staljng them in you. own

6nt_a$ lte situation invour(M @unry lo th'sNalion desdibFd

,n A;enca wlh Eqaro ro Ieelase shoplflins. ls leen.ge shoprifting a gbwin!
o-ooler ir your @unlr!? Why ..e leenagec engaging in such behaviour ald
w,l dl do yo; ttrl\ shoulc be dore lo @mbaL such an undes Eb e aend? Rele- io

2r conDa

fThe'Th.ill ol Theft', Newsweek,25 Fobruary 2002)

Read Lhe arlcle "\ /hv

we Blow ouBelves up" in which a Palestinian Psvchlatdst

r.e Dqom-lol oj 11. ilc-:s.g rumber or yofq Paesliriln\

fe Pal'stflar use
up Io;fer +ems"l e a. sr'cid' hdbeE
'or

an"l\ ."e
a reJi-q

schoolin Paleslne, whatwould tbu sav lo

vouwe.e a ounsello.hked
ihe leenager to dissuade him frcm voluntee.ing himself as a suicide bombe?
Base you. answer on lhe insights oife.ed by the psvchiatrist- ('whv we alow

w?

Iirsiundcsia.dit.ftis

(fty f

fray nd b $de
hk. nor. of wards

Qrcrard.s roor

ih nsy

na( of ihe con tusion)?

'he
whar ar. rhe kdreE R.asom (dar4 avidence) and rhesdche or
the &cumsb?

3. !\har B &3m.d {ic impti.ir o, bl"n ror gr{"o oe,hcp dBeaemtrdin.oJ

vieR)?

a. orrily

dE M.:nins ot

dy ktm,.taiN

or argumnis

and

releEnl malend from the passage and applyyour own knowledge 3nd opinions

3r

con.rusio(d

sisnar

sods.

$e aRicle do )od aoolve of and

Wh,ch of lhe rew teclrcloqies oesmbeo
wnicn woud vou 6G:de'e.Lh4r un?i or ureh:@ ? Reier to relvanl maieria
hor the add;ald sive yoLrowlopnrons i'The Sciene ol Sp"ed' New6week

udl*

grcaltl helped bI asking ihe riShrquestioG. Bsa! in

o roc6 cn the nsreG) urde! dGcu$ior b..le
whd is 6o , hake
wh* G d.i.,ed ud inle ed and
'tsiablalldSenentsabour
con. on ovenujudsemenr/esF..se.
s.Fe luEtions ro rhin[ about as you read
'o
i..ee'g.
G)i.'ud"
be

FPr:o

L? | ! my

fvo.ve 4,lu,lnB

whm n{essary.

*ptj'' ,.:o-

tudS.henr 3ad rudgirg Ee a.dibitiryolz so rej

D@ lna EEonnssuppof:L o.dujo..3i
,^.

3.

Wnat is

".d

, tuhred

e su.,..i"n. e. oc.-. 0
"s.
eyond reason'btedoubr .orwst i)
-. AF,rhd- O,hT.n.Jryd. Co6idetiotu rslsq
qurm e6r you n". .trudy tnoq u e, o nd. I
"v"ro cor.n J.r b-r

you ovdrtt Ev:ruaiion

(in u\e Lisht oI

urough 4?

bv a hish

O!.seLves U!^, TIME,8 Aodl2002)

'nr".Pr{,es or r%$ug

ue4

oJ

s h

claih mv b. De dhc boms is u ..a, Fer i:e or uurnor<

ror abpre soo {ne aJaxe rtur'n:@ bodr e ba,rd
u. rhe/ , ;d b"
6lred b ddifr vhar ih.y med bJ4
. girng de{ ddples af sucn looas md of foods whidr ar
not naturar;
. erplaining in gqal rtu how rnis tes is norally
ued;
. eplaiijlg &en ndnng by.onbstins,nahet,witn ,non-natu.ar
toods:

or

sbtins

ctally

what dreir

seuhg

nj.

AcePEbitily oro.ins

b s rirg r

d,. p""rjg pplr mre

d rts.en b d. o.ctd m . 1e.-,,)
b'rwv
t. E\,\ tlttonL et-. )Ldtd. t oi d.ld,,er.
\ou ru, tJppd b ro, r,:,
,,!d.d!iF ir ne ro, hl.e d !od,_r eE r b"N*.;,
r+R n re a so " "."
bt." o, o neR.sa) w.d v:lu" i;dsen"nr, "v
n:l
aR/!sr* d rhe rdy b": qdety pEail 1s ,iq-whj l ds:ir
'ou
wrs 4rrih4v.i?lu.ir< olhqjrs:8an vou m"v
"8,;*/;,"Sr".,
are
trow
d a pFvs f s vip (ktu - qdtd :8rF a, d,egre qi:l.. t. d.,cr.dg_.eo.
rhP" r"<e )ou
dat r,bk ro Frpord ro:,D,m
r,
be
^,..tc
1i1-:"-TT 't l*:' ': " "r rorq.r4bou'iFed rpFb iT 0,rr /.r:'r' b '
Iyh",eekn n . do, wt o..,4peoo."-,

rhesource-srepuhrion{orctdL, iry
konhdr ihe BBc wi,h rhe Ncw pxpe4,

R,,w,--!.s a!.r .!!Potul"-,-.jr

Mr-) de 6lad"o

whether there is.onoboration ol the.laim from independeni sourc(

leiar inp fs qm oced

a/hethe! the sou.c has ihe lehvant cxpedis{haining (as when a poiice officer
srves evidence in

to judse the

(as

wh6

soneone claims to hale witn6sed a

@dibiliry ol

Dos

the

Is he

aiaed

3. Does he

w ih

4. Do ihe
5.

Does tne

thde

lson/sore have the relevdt backSroud Knowled8g/Erpentue?

or de he have a Vsied lntdest?

Ctcututacg

in whic\ tle claim is made

Natue of tne daim

hy coroborario! troh

lu{ce

its

alfftr

nr

irs crdibitibr?

dedibility? Does rle

ejte.

si{ddts

to do 'compare

d{i.onll.&( exdcis6.

qu6tio^ing strategis which may help you do Gjs:

Con!ei!g ud
1. How de

they

Jusrily it?

(adapted

He.e

ar

some

lrod swa.c,

Fischer and Pad6 1998

p.22ftt

Compa.e lhe t{o psibons and oxplain wireE yo! 6e weakneses In both o. eithe. side
lf yo! were a bioloey leacher, how would y@ handle this l$ue in you. oM classdom?

sihple

Sidild?

m ihey Dilfereri?
sis aities d difierencs sen

How

'L

Do ),or 6ee any Pattems in the signiicant

Whi.h

5. \rhat con.rusio!

is suggesred hy tne

Sigrdicanr?

simildiries md diffelences?

sisnitic t simtarilies

and difteftnces?

Forclass disclssion:

onr.ast lhe

to Lowing

piecs

of

From an anti v viscllon so.iely

dir.o aon nd. t,51'nuod.cd,oro

'. wl".

;me dom b

Contrasting Arguents

2.
3.

Compa.e and

b:oy Gn silh dre balt!4ater

rses lor

oder leliable soucs?

'.
We olten sl<

1raad"

" 'd r'

eraining disse.lron in the classoom and

tne imponan of gMns studeoG ded spddon
ot doLng sddn@- lt ls tundamstallo lndeBt6nding sdon@ d]8t studenG .ealise the
ce ntl nalu.e of od Lnary obs eMdons - observadons usi.g our eves, ha nds nos es, elc
directly on ths wotid. This ls tho b6sls on vinlc$ we build evsrvrhing else ln 6clene and
rhls ls one of those cre 6es kiere we do not lo hdo to use @mdiled equipment lo
bui d our lheodes. SIudenG also lean h4 kdable n.tute ls ln ralitv Ard lllere is no
bette. say to und61and evolulion, than by adually @mpadng lhe analomy of difie@nt
spcles to se how dlfferent stdctu@s, suctr s ams and wings, are adapted for ditrerent

There are some very qood

L his Rcputadon

-,or a ro<pe-redeouatora io.mcL

mmplter
2. Some tachere wanl lo abandoi di$ection ln favour of uslnq diagBms and
qEphl6. ll k Irue lnat the.e are pDblds tr'llh @llecljng 8nd broding qoabJr6 lor

soue, you leed to cosider rhe

nave a Rpltation for !elia!iu9?

.c

a_:nalt 10'

whe

tundamntally, lhose
1

r nc

brr"

oi these @alutes
reless
Pe.lrsps even nore impodanuy, stldenrs who disect seatu.6 are dsnsltjzed lo
o-ro nslr*o-d' andc
tim and d-membmm "ni
-,
'espFc ;l he. l le p o.e(c-ol d ssed ol teaoes stuoelLs b. aniT"' l e i ope daore

cour),

r'!etne. the souce c prcvide c4ible .easos lor rn .laim he makes (d

sonmne claiN to have d.ohtered alis 6on anoder plano.

odd

Lhe

of lhe slflerinq and pain inllicled

ihr narde or thc daim itself

La

on

wri nq.

,e.r,.utumir^as

npors 6LdenL undeDLro.-;.or/ phri otooy am

scie.*.. w""o ono.
'edl{
oeed lo lse such fiiethods beceuse we hrve alait.be
atremetivs which en save
L

E:pldations ald De.isions

Thde ar special prcbieN associated with !trognising dd evaluatirg the reasoning
involved in giving (causal) expldtios dd jGtirying d<isioc/romodatjotu.
In short, elpl.frtiotu aih to ac@ul fo. lonethinE or to ey what @!scl somethjnS.
Co6ide! the following sdplei
Napoleon dst have died of 6enic Poisoning whjlst in dile or 5i
HeLena. Arseni..u b administered in smali doses whi.h will not be
noticed, but witl eventuauy kill the vi.tim- A.smic Poisoning leaYes
lraces of rsenic in human hait d reliabie tests re.ently showed that
Napoleons IDir.onlai^d abno.tully large amouts of a$enic It had
been lhought that he died oI canc{, but hG qnPtotu included tulsea,
chitls, weakness od in.reasinE colpulenc4 which d.r s!{ialists say
are not symPtotu o! cancer. However, these are ilTicaL synPtoms of
a\.d. PoFo' E ,..ordm8rorPehlEts.

This is typiral o! erplastory reasoning (the Roid t!5r' shows the intended
con.iusioD). 'Ihe Faoning cosiders Possible altelnative exPlanatioc (in this .ase,
just ono d shows that the .vidence .onnicts with the alimaliv hyPothesis' but
supports tne favoued one. lor dPlmatory rasoning to be succ6sful it must

4.
5.
6.

.
.

}'lter .eaaing about tne

.otuider reasomble allelnatives,

dd

plovide ewidsce which (a) rul6 out otnar lossible xPlanatiod md

suppo.ts fre favoued

(b)

What Eviden.. t{ould Countlor or Againsr tbese Fossitrilities?

What Eviden.e do you have?

How Resonable is t\e suggsled ryPlsation?

a4l,,rtoa

an

bur hele is a t6t whici is often helphrl: In a phFse like

the woid 'bac?uiF' does mt always egnal dEt A is the otdl!5on of

o!
'A b.&6e of B'

e dE1nst md
! is a '@r fo! A. lt sometbes sigr! tlat B is bing Pr6{nted a
dpbininp/twnnnx far lt l}r.ai the artlor is prcsdting d apl4rtotr Foi ddhPle,
suppose we kl@ Jons is ir pdson ]d we doft ho{ why, in that e we miEht
-l -hy he i' in prison d get lhe rply.

Examine the validity ol1he rolLowing arguments and attempt a shonAQ response lo

"He is in p!tuon b@ae he suSSled hard ddgs into the comt!y."

This is an xplaatior! not

"A govmmt, dy govem{i, should skiwe to be powdnn dd

d6octi.. Demm.l e6es chaos, d people do

authontdia4 itutead of bing

lelide, co.!i.tin6 opinioE dd

natid'

parry &sagremats

ha6

dre

2. ReasoninA or pdsusive writing whjch .onclud6 with a

d<ision/re.omsdati6 also involva sohe spftial cosideEtios.
oI action or

policy, it is important to .otrideri

. Alrematire coses of action or polici4,

. Likelt coreequoes of each (hciuling contrastin8
' r'h.J o o$e. values
ln evaluating

Skilfdly

erpldatiotu cosider

the

followhg factors:

1.

What

2
'

What Evidence,/&ploatio! is offeied?

is

and likelihood of eacn),

being explained (or neds to be explained)?

.a AlF'nruveLr"lrnJrion./.JU<.sm:81'rhneoe\rrraecon.eltr

_i.imal.

wl ma(6
at 'o l\a io

@mor'.d r'. appe! ir _oun alongede offspn.g sno are lrder se/ar'e'l
yea6 of age. The level of nn6 will be related to pacntal in@me, and wealthv

t-

pa.ents may have to pay up to !5000 ior their chibrens crlmes.

Do you agae with the utudtcd

2.
.

*suPbo!/s

nPon

vhich this al8um4! i5

bas.d?

oesplte the appallinq mortality Ele lrom polio in lhe past, some parenG choose
.ot to have thek chiLdren ccinated against ii, beus lhey ihink there is now
onlya bw nsk thai thel. .hlldren will be@me if,lected Wlh the disease. Moover,
some believe that ihere is a more than nealiqibb nsk that lhe va@ine will have
harntul side effecls. ln lhen eyes, a decision to avoid vaccination may appea.
enti.ely Elional. But what they do not @lise is $at if a subslanlal per.entaoe of
a popllation is notvaccinated againslpolio, there wilL be .egllar outbreaks orthe
dlsase every few ya6 as the numberofnon-imnune peopLe i.creases.

wlai

3.
.isk

yda6.

AuL $e n6r Ad
lle DAnalri.s se'e
pocsible 'or pJr6lts lo be radclisbletorfi.es ard . omo"nsar'on,

De.isiotu/ftomddatio6 de frtua]ly colched in fle fom 'thL is what we

shor14 / alght ta / n6r / dtt d.o (or bliev).' In Enerd in fljng rationarly for a
.<olMddation abolt a couse

under ihe age of selenteen

Tho oiminal Ju6nce act, which has
lrend. Previous'y. chlol'r sho srtrited

onmitted by people

has almost dolbled in lhe last seven

iusr Dedme law, should reve6e thi!

slr

ln the UK, the numbe. of dimes

'cimet hew
'lat

arEuent,

The speaLer is not h_/hg to F6uaae ds

inat tona is in pison (we a!6dy laow tha9, istead he G zrP|iting why he G. This
giy6 us a .l!e d to how to distinSdsh the two uee6. In sho*, rf sodde
'A
b..aae o! a' (or somefiing .nalogo6) d idGs it fo! gIdted ihat A j! trG, tha
you piobably have
xpl6nation. U, on the otner nd4 the speakq trying to
pdslade Iou about A, you probably have
's
might
argrdhi For *dple, a facGt

Handling Erplanatios

here is an oPPortunitv for vou to

t4!tutr

tnat

Eovement 4d tie

yo!,

dpldahon.

1. lr is not ahays easr to te! wnether one is dealrng with

not know what to

above advi.e given to

conclusio! or corclsion3 can bc dJawn

6on

the aboYe pdsage?

Patienis on lhe ve.qe oi dyins {including some who acloally recoveo have
somerimes repo.ted vlsions oI places oi amazing beauiy and lnlense leeLlnqs oi
oeace and ioy-even en@u.terswith loved oneswho had died previously. s!reLy
lhese near deaih experiences are sltong evidenc-P for llfe afler death. Skeptics

bn thal
precede death, because thse phenomeoa resembl cedain allered siates of
consclousness thaten be induced by dtugs ororlanic brain disease. This is no
rel objection because nany ol lhe patienls who repod these near da\h
experieoces are neither d.ugged nor sufie.ing fom bin dlsease.

often claim thai such phenonena are caused by ctunges in the

AE youconvin.ed rbar'ncardeath expene.as really do exist? Explain your stand.

s g6t

to aliena-te the

Att.rpr

the applicaiion

quesri!!

Lretow based on

llis exrractftamThe

P..sage: Wel,.a@ltt My ftu1t64izt (ST, I 3 Jan

r nai ts Tif,t.s

2OO1J

Its Sdu.dat Rela, and kick back Rd a book or a nagazine. prelend lhere is
na$zne day.

fulonday Ys, a

no

Its ben $re time sin@ ptooghed thouqh a womn,s mgatne @ver to @ver.
won"n, ,cS. de a.cncLr rcns.Ter tesl?as nedo,,sJse$ru.Ureshavmore
no e p .s5 fo- n6w orcd-d<
.id moe tiddd ,.r
neurosis
than the averaqewoman @uld everinvent tor heueti.

Evon lhe mosl

'-r

{omeo who hav suppoded these nrag.z'ncs throulrou' thcn 'ves

,ed olihem

Anna Wintou., the lomidable ediror oi Anen6n Volue, is an enilda that besl rep*senls
the dichotomi of lcnar's women invosue. Fonvrooehiig andwi$ alLihe chaEdtensti*
of a drjven 36-somelhing ehpke buider, she iqns as an i@. ior every'hina the Prem e'
;bout There s rhe lesendary al@fnss (@ad poise 3nd
wonens maqatn

is;ll

conooslrel. iel'arc ro lell\-,t:Fa o'imdsnea rhr.i.arcndor_ G@e reP'c

oerem 'ar o"o u bia morer'
.- ]h" ..i.to md tue ntcr o
ia'ou-li.^
golore. rhre k powe wioldoa over ne tushion be" rr ano
''ysphant"
ore_ tsousondc wnose,ob di"r'o
aorensrno se.toc,lnoedo
Dose ano

.on""./iup..oo-

"r,no*n"rs.o

This ls the Dle hodel for

nan-ats po\p lo F imsistiote, eve ror

be Lohr dd wtr' obr eoote b59 or a r! pEh; etrtar
lpd d\ tres y'e

i ;"Lo-

Sor p nsoc

rhese dals, rhcy may

lrr

e I ono

u e

@l!,, taoen klh C 6) pac* oi adnjsements,

srire,s otm,,s n tuI 6.oui i1e gtosse, lne Deder. Ard

we oh mo, e rhan

6sr

as mu.h

as5lape,bactr

mao4ro
^ontr!
be@me

_,
-l"l'--lj,
pow."'o l!l
DUy-g
\iden'

as. t,e ptul, cha-] k:eno ro, homemakere.nd

d <hrhnhFde rEpped oeMeen saLsblls be

oegah

srreor

q 1:ddt. caed

e,de, woh-. and

Ule

obsssio. wirh

h;a

7r.,h

Whzrever rheir raer mafter, rhese m.gazin6 ae a qond oealed, usuaty,

not atways, by
ro. ho-q.. ro a.e he n sp.-, rowerdr lresye.
ossoss.ons a.a osycrres Lai
'
orosad ro bF aood
.rd oea ro, rhem. r,e/ a an inreg.a pun or r,,i ru^,ni*
re. r. "" p"rq, e.jor"o p e"."n. a,,ere.ons, Ge *ay you ro id induge
co,/

^!h.
.4
a
rhicr nd rs 3 sd rhn!
o !. .n:,, e 9.1rFnd 16.T T" 6 @p, o,a. e1.ce nom sone $omer,s

n.

mcg

w0.hu-{e ole.lt.n, h@to\s horo\@pes D.om.".ng

e

r- iL, abo.t @p slI

os .14 Lr"1-g to .e-yrouno ,oren tat.

l" :?: ""*' *.".

'or r e

i .o

D,or:

"d

n-*

wh.r"

easL.g

cooLr qhal dey gaan

us

tor,r eood

nedt;e)

-*-n* "r son "

t , rr"s.."0"2.""

ne. wh6n rhe) car,.e r_"/a E-er ive ln., o4n

"sdz
lhp. d 6lher $"d. h ctolh"s r:a. ,u,r lhn ,nslF:d ot

magcr1- ani-e. and Men lher

l.or .ri" r r
"* -o "ni

4e notano.exic. Nor do they o{n conve stomachs, wax or shave lheir legs
and
our" o.. .pe-o rt,ooo,, sp: a.o_c qo .*, o" p"-ri. .-,g"on,;r,
I
"
u "r. {a.4 dbou. 10^ naly o.easr. r e) sru d ra.-,-.
o, +.
_-"1-lt:'.1:!"ld"g "
td,en h. dae oec,0 p.o,"r Vo"r or ,rr ,*

And Ihay

a_r:

Ld,

er:.
,rr

ed

,\ai.oe

ro.o-. .e.,,",.

oo

r"1

",..i; "";*:";";;.,

ami6

ot

'nnuelLen: o- orFmono
di.lales..

@mn ditore -and

milLions

oltomen?

w6lL, Ms wintour eams a 6a-f,g!B salary, orly t'avels liEt dess .nd in limos, drsses in
coLrture, has younq dildEn and h sepaaiardirc@d/seeinq sone6 ekr'none of your
buslness. Oh, andier ha16t4e - a bob -Ls alw.ys lmmadlaio She ls fearfullv stvLish and

very lhin- She rcdG iendishly h.rd, is known everyvhee for her dedsiveoess .nd
anialbre ebl. speakjn!. Men and women quake rn he. imp.@blv dressed and s@nted
presence. sh.!ffe6 no t@ls and deltuers lh masujne and its slossv promiss on her
ow. tems - with indomitable s1tle. wil and an eagle eye on p@lits

ai unnny kna.t tor knwins how to blow

mosfi*plive !o tanlasy marketing.
And

magic bubbles aound idperfect lives

the

ln lh women s nagajne wodd, $6e are @vet ble cdentials- in her power tower, Ms
wintour has tumed what mlqh( have been consldered sdme nuff} vomaos job into an
enviab e limnciaL and influen0al

su6e$.

eomen vrho a.e l* f.m beins pertectly sroofred by experi hands as qemp ifid
by the ideal lite amng Vogues pages, buy and Ead lhe magdi.e lor some collective
varidauon of lhek d6ams eer, high life, tilled wi'Jr spas and gl3mobus ldmmings
only (rue s9Le and hopefulry, a mai6 mil io.aire n bnno.
Nli llons or

the

The delicious sndals and lavish pa/{6, lhe laws oa whals in, whals oLn, the lot oi the
leisured.and priviLeqed whGe main @ncefr in lile is not lo be ughl dead ln scuffed shoes
in lasl seasons exoic .eso*.
The messages aB endiessl, conilicling for young women who accept the imaoe. aid ldeas
as absolui taste and sensibilty a.6ile6. Even ane.yea6 of absoding 101 ways of lrow to
please men (who do.t know how to be pleased), I stil get wlnded by whal it is lhese

masazl.es expctMmen to be as idlpeople

Both submlssive aid pred.lory,lhes glossy magazlne exp oiG beome I're impossibly
a amorous sisler whose lil you Live off vilallolsly in one laitasy episode arr another'

Who wolld think ll dem.nds Wnlour'llke ha.d headedness lo produc such insaliable
fanksy month alter nronlh? Pedaps anna Winlourls llving her own dreams ann iikes her
lor so much she prescribes I as good lor you too. Her influen*,like lhat.l women edi\ors
evemvhereL spads lar' sehins vends' imijosin:s slandards' siimulalins spendr.o'

oronlsins more beautful, ldllLled lves.

The women s haQaz ne is a rcllase of olherqoren's lives pied toqethe. to fom a whole
pon'aied as the desked nom. al besl ts 3 very 6pedalisd oanlpbce ror a partcular
communlty, a sodofon{oins wonen. iotum on lssues peninont to lhek welkeino

Theyre so

s ick these

daF, l

nt

tell t@m one lssue

10

the nen, {helher

ils .ll a huge

Bylllonl:aGw

Apllication Questioa

aurnor a*oe the meaia s 'a huse @nsPiact' havn "d E@y back
rootr8 how to blow tugi( brbblG eud ingdfect [v*'.
Witl rdmc io appropnate e,@pld, Mine how the media Plals a role in
'"icolletdting in $.h a .Gpilacy, What de some ffiqu6.6 on people d 6e
media continug to "lave d iGidios r@k @ the pqd"? You response shodd
indude relevdt hatenal &om the article, toSethd wiih you om knowledge ad

llni
to.

FIN, .LLY, SOME USEFULTIPS FOR THE APPLICA'IION QUESIION:

1.

.oMon thehe of the p6sag6, Unddtand the autnols' posihos,

opinjotr d rg]mdts atbut the tnde
2 Read 6e qustion vdy cdefully. HigNight i\e difiddt requnements of tne
Ideniiry the

*ue you r6poNe G reldmt to the requnemdt of the question.

You rpl,nation should demoshate a Sood qd4tanding of the issds in the
pa$ages. Say what lou mee ad support yo!! dg@6t with personal insiSht
dd apt eianples. locs on rujor *sues rathd thd 16 im?ondt id6L When valuting the issues or con.es njsd in the pasges, you! judgenenis
od decisioG slorld b convincing md yoE ids should be developd io tneir
1

Always

Esure tnat rhe presentatjon

ideas

o1

dd organised Link you.

mdeFranding easier (e.9. dilt

your ideas is systnatic

witn com{iors to hake reading

sd

Ereure thal your evaluation is reasonable

queslion from various pelspdtives

4d

that you have mnsiderd ihe

1. lailing

2.

ro r@d

dd udelstmd

xactly what is requile.l of you

Quoting the ley phEses in th question

you qdstandjng

3. Ciyin8 a

wlrolele-

t}le question.

You need to demonskate

of the lequiremdts by jnterp.eting tne questiorli sing yoq.

t'@ sllmary

or reglrgtation of ihe ided

dd guents in

rhe

Passage.

,1. Ovtr-EdenlisinS or simpllying lh" EsuB.

<. Not
avin8.pre'@pl4 to valdate )ou d8@f E.
6. GieihE eaeple tJut nol showing the rlevdce of th6e illusEatios to you

dplar

7.

bo\
hgtb,

tion/eLaboD

WlitinE paintuly

discussiom. Give

$ccinct

concise respoEe

iNtead.

Desdipro.s fo.

o\

I use ot

Engkn G5 h.rks)

Useaf Enqlish (20 harks)

17-20
13-16

Posilive merit ol form and am^gement pa6o6phins ve.y wel o@afzedi effectve rone.
r..eA aood ro e/ plh| hguiel( aDt yi no gose erc6: on / d tch s p. o. n,r- en6:
wide vanety ofapl voGbutary, senten@ strxclle and tinkjng dovj@!.

Wellaranged pa6sphs; goon

12

ands."

a lno,

lery 9@d tjnguis[c

nu+

o.

Er66

ii

.
.
.
.
.

loqerhe.. Se enft ald p.Ggaon t,-1"9 L inapoDpnak or

use ot 6red tanglase b@uae nt nsks d taia. Exp;rjioN fat,

bastc vobulary and

idea. Communielon

impedd by heavl,

ero6 otal kinds. Gbss ht;spejinir

eror incjdne.
ot basrcwods.

Ereltenl -.work ot supedarve quatiry. Ahpie mate.iat, tulty rldant, high inreEst vaui

o rjg

inal

ty d iecusstons

D.,-.:io1"

ave

tmasphe

e, obseeation

s o,

wiu roEe and Do.,,ote e.ono n! AI xoa

s'gn[]nl de,t or wioetitohako- or ap,, t-stcti.1

sertous

cftors ony

A nunbe. of

erc^

One or Mo postuve

or

nous thds brl |ney oo not seno_s ) in p-dp

;enE

Lhe use

oflanouaqe%hed drd approp.

tucruB.c

and sente@ 'n

nor necesenly outslaDdlnq.

vo;brary

c." o.r

conp6tenl usott.nglage. Cardate L.-atr 4nes,n.o., n.ng

.nd idionalic En!lish,

There is a nob@abte .flempt 10 avoid the texl tanguage to. !U the

trors

3re freqlenr but the Eogtish Js for the mosr pad iolelt
cibte
M- -ce ol_r@D-lcq trdlq br!tuoM or s/ntd d.!Ei1di on/
srhp e sDrefrenls .n6mpred su@sstuuy

nd sensiiivily

",e t 6npe, jgenr.E-menr

fe{

There is a slshinod altempt ro rphEse the re(tanguage for a mre

be snonn.

Breakdowr or sentence sraclure. Goss

ex@lle.r tingujslic abtiry:v.ry

de!eloped and appropriare

a-

onat

10

faw s ips or minof

. clear, fuent, ffc0v .nd approprtale lse

emF.

limlled oruncedain.

19-25

.
.

eturc.
An$ere aB @gent, 6ncjse, wel ollanced.
Wde ranety ol apt vMbutary. Seniene slruciure

6dcl, some van:ation of v@butary ..d 6enten@ siactu.ei tew major .o6i som
sips.an'r e@G Simple danty and 6rocin6; moaninq frust not b i;r doubt though
vobulary may be lidiied. Sentene may b shod and stereoryped bli ommjnd of bssic

riapidard. ocs

26-30

VerySood

Larg y

,Fid.@ .lruciu

0-4

abfliry; v@butary and sentenco

slructurevaded and appopdate but not ne@ ssadty o ubtanding. Vory tw gr6s erc6; some

sips
9 -

rn

Mode_.F @rma-d

Anpre o d.e-"., !J r rotc/a,r son. e$ar! wil b to.g and we,tana,qF., oer $ lnout nuch
oi'g a tJ o.h"A 4 t b6 ongaot ou not so wektruclu-oo/barnled a. 2o 30 e(_prs. (ood

The,c

orhe ta-guaqe. Era.i Lhdrjg r"pd.\e,

.. rd@sltabre bul I'n.lod .herpB

ro

r-eh:s'

Lne

Fn

.anse ofexafrptes lo ituslre id6as.

'1.'3 lro"

,1p-"n.br'rlrnrDeds-biecthaner. L6sodqna,n,ndrints2)c.ss pem$.

.h'ed @,e-aod .or ne.e5sant/ baa.@d, o,r sho^ns

commonplac bul are in evidence.

7-12
0-6

ra, N"ds" L,anp. na, l"

Oul bursnsibi6nGntnotqpainedindepth;tdoasiiaohentaryorvague ta.kofsustaned

develophenl; ctea.evidene of rdeEne butoGstonat shofi di!;ssion;
Med

oqe knowledg srricty tm[ed and w.inen wiln ihle rea undrsiaidirg Few or unc]ear

exampesprovded.

r,-q_ent tcur- of ,enFre 6n.La.rioi,

.
.
.

wdespr;

'

, dFa @noi.e
4 endts to \ bsL,_r o," tdr.,ca" {

p_n.r'o. .oe rI
;:;;l;1],].i'f"*"**.*.oc'ca9'lJ'tooro-h'oa.d
misuse

orvo.ablta.y

Sehren.e l,nIns/s napprcpdab orhaphazard

Poor command otL're lansuace
L

b" .:ile. lo \_qG 40rd