Radio Access Network

Architecture
Jussi Tuominen

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B
RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Iub

IuCS

SMSC
/VLR

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

GGSN
Gn

Gi

Core Network

UMTS Terrestial Radio Access Network

(UTRAN)
WCDMA Radio Interface Key Change from GSM
UTRAN elements are comparable to GSM BSC & BTS
Common Interface (Iu) for both PS and CS Core
Core elements do not change dramatically
- 3G SMSC/VLR provides ATM based Iu-CS interface
- 3G SGSN supports ATM based Iu-PS interface

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

UTRAN Architecture
Hierarchical Architecture

Node B

Radio Network Subsystem

(RNS)

RNC
Node B
Uu

UTRAN Elements:
Iub

Iur

IuCS

Radio Network Controller

Node B (Base Station)
One RNC controls number of
Node Bs

Node B
RNC
Node B
Uu

Iub

RNS

UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

IuPS

Node B is only connected to

one RNC
New interface Iur for
Macrodiversity

Macro Diversity
Node B

Iu

RNC
Uu

Node B

Iub

Softer Handover

Iur

UE

1 RNC

Node B
RNC
Uu

Node B

Iub
RNS
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

1 BS

Macro Diversity
Node B

Iu

RNC
Uu

Node B

Iub

Soft Handover

Iur

UE

1 RNC (MDC)

Node B
RNC
Uu

Node B

Iub
RNS
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Number of BSs

Macro Diversity
Node B

Iu

SRNC
Uu

Node B

Iub

Iur

UE

DRNC
Node B

Iub
RNS
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Number of BSs
1 Serving RNC (MDC)

Node B

Uu

Soft Handover

Number of Drift RNC

Macro Diversity
Node B

Iu

SRNC
Uu

Node B

Iub

Iur

UE
Node B
DRNC
Uu

Node B

Iub
RNS
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

SRNC Anchoring
Iu

Macro Diversity
Node B

Iu

RNC
Uu

Node B

Iub

SRNC Relocation

Iur

UE
Node B
SRNC
Uu

Node B

Iub
RNS
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Iu

Node B
Standardisation term (normally called as Base Station)
Comparable to Base Tranceiver Station in GSM
Responsible for Air Interface Layer 1
Key Node B Functions:
Modulation and spreading
RF Processing
Inner-loop power control
Rate matching
Macro diversity combining/splitting inside Node B

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

Comparable to Base Station Controller in GSM
Responsible for L2 processing of user data
Responsible for Radio Resource Management
Key RNC Functions:
Closed loop power control
Handover control
Admission control
Code allocation
Packet scheduling
Macro diversity combining/splitting over number of
Node Bs
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

General Protocol model for UTRAN

Radio
Network
Layer

Control Plane

User Plane

Application
Protocol

Data
Stream(s)

Transport
Network
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane

Transport Network
Control Plane

ALCAP(s)
Signalling
Bearer(s)

Signalling
Bearer(s)

Physical Layer

Lhde: 3GPP TS25401-380

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Transport Network
User Plane

Data
Bearer(s)

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B
RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Iub

IuCS

SMSC
/VLR

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

GGSN
Gn

PDN
Gi

Core Network

Radio Access Network Application Part

(RANAP)
Key RANAP functions:
Radio Access Bearer (between UE-CN)
RAB Set-UP
RAB Modification
Clearing RAB
Iu Bearer Release
SRNC Relocation
Paging Commands
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25410-360

Iu-CS
Radio
Network
Layer

Transport
Network
Layer

Control Plane

User Plane

RANAP

Iu UP Protocol
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane

Transport Network
Control Plane

Transport Network
User Plane

Q.2630.1

SCCP

Q.2150.1

MTP3b

MTP3b

SSCF-NNI

SSCF-NNI

SSCOP

SSCOP

AAL5

AAL5

AAL2

ATM
Physical Layer

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25410-360

Iu-PS
Radio
Network
Layer

Control Plane

User Plane

RANAP

Iu UP Protocol
Layer

Transport
Network
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane

Transport Network
Control Plane

Transport Network
User Plane

SCCP
M3UA
MTP3-B
SCTP
SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI

UDP
IP

SSCOP
AAL5

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

GTP-U

IP
AAL5

ATM

ATM

Physical Layer

Physical Layer

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25410-360

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B
RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Iub

SMSC
/VLR

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC

GGSN
Gn

Uu

Node B

Iub

IuBC
UTRAN

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

PDN
Gi

CBC
Core Network

Iu-BC
Radio
Network
Layer

Transport
Network
Layer

SA Broadcast Plane
SABP Protocol
Layer

Transport Network
User Plane

Between RNC and

Common Broadcast
Center CBC
Service Area
Broadcast Protocol
(SABP)

TCP
IP
AAL5

ATM
Physical Layer
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25410-360

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B
RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Iub

IuCS

SMSC
/VLR

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

GGSN
Gn

PDN
Gi

Core Network

Radio Network Subsystem Application Part (RNSAP)

Key RNSAP Functions:

Radio Link
Management (between SRNC and DRNC)
Reconfiguration (between SRNC and DRNC)
Supervision (reports from DRNC to SRNC)
Common Control Channel (CCCH) Signalling Transfer
Paging
Relocation Execution
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Iur
Radio
Network
Layer

Transport
Network
Layer

Control Plane

User Plane

RNSAP

Iur Data
Stream(s)

Transport Network
User Plane

Transport Network
Control Plane

Transport Network
User Plane

ALCAP(Q.2630.1)

STC (Q.2150.1)

SCCP
MTP3-B

M3UA

MTP3-B

M3UA

SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI

SCTP

SSCF-NNI
SSCF-NNI

SCTP

SSCOP

IP

SSCOP

IP

AAL5

AAL5

AAL2

ATM
Physical Layer

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25420-340

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B
RNC
Uu

UE

IuCS

SMSC
/VLR

Node B
Iub

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

GGSN
Gn

PDN
Gi

Core Network

Node B Application Part (NBAP)

Key NBAP Functions:

Cell Configuration Management
Common Transport Channel Management
System Information Management
Configuration Verification/Alignment
Measurements on Common Resources
Radio Link Management & Supervision

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Iub
Radio Network
Control Plane

Q.2630.1
Q.2150.2

Transport
Layer

SSCF-UNI

SSCF-UNI

SSCOP

SSCOP

AAL Type 5

AAL Type 5

AAL Type 2

ATM
Physical Layer

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25420-340

CPCH FP

ALCAP

USCH FP

DSCH FP

PCH FP

FACH FP

RACH FP

Node B
Application Part
(NBAP)

User Plane

DCH FP

Radio
Network
Layer

Transport
Network
Control Plane

3GPP Release 99 Reference Architecture

Node B

IuCS

RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Iub

SMSC
/VLR

Iur

SS7

SS7

GMSC

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

GGSN
Gn

PDN
Gi

RNS
UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Core Network

3GPP Release 4 Reference Architecture

Node B

IuCS

RNC
Uu

UE

Node B

Nb

SMSC
Server

Mc

Mc
Nc

MGW
Iub

GMSC
Server

Iur

SS7

MGW

HLR EIR

PSTN

Auc

Node B
SGSN

RNC
Uu

Node B

IuPS

Iub

GGSN
Gn

PDN
Gi

RNS
UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Core Network

3GPP Release 5 Reference Architecture

Node B

MGCF
Cx

RNC
Uu

UE

Iub

Iur

Gr

MGW

MRF
Gi

SGSN
RNC
Node B

PSTN

Mr

Node B

Uu

Mc

CSCF

HSS
Node B

Mg

SGW

IuPS

Iub

Mm
PDN

GGSN
Gn

Gi

RNS
UTRAN
Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

Core Network
NOTE: Standardisation on-going!

SS7 signalling in UMTS Core

7KHRULJLQDO073VWDFN
&RPPRQO\XVHGLQ*60
&RUHLQWHUIDFHV

7KH$70EDVHG66VWDFNSURYLGHV
%URDGEDQG66DUFKLWHFWXUH

7KH,3EDVHGVWDFNXVHV
6WUHDP&RQWURO
7UDQVPLVVLRQ3URWRFRO
6&73WRGHOLYHU66
VLJQDOOLQJRYHU,3
QHWZRUNV

MTP-3 User Part

MTP-3 User Part

MTP-3 User Part

MTP-3 User Part

MTP-3

MTP-3 B

MTP-3 B

M3UA

MTP-2

SSCF

SSCF

SCTP

MTP-1

SCCOP

SCCOP

IP

AAL5

AAL5

ATM

G.804

$70RYHU6'+

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

$70RYHU3'+

Lhde: 3GPP TS 25420-340

MTP3 User Adaptation Layer (M3UA)

08$LVDQ8VHUDGDSWDWLRQVXEOD\HU
WKDWSURYLGHVIXQFWLRQVUHTXLUHGE\
VLJQDOLQJDSSOLFDWLRQSURWRFROV
,(7)LVFXUUHQWO\VWDQGDUGLVLQJILYH
DGDSWDWLRQVXEOD\HUV03$08$
08$68$DQG,8$
1RWHWKDWHDFKSURWRFROFDQEH
LPSOHPHQWHGVHSDUDWHO\IURPRWKHU
SURWRFROVHJ08$GRQRWUHTXLUH
VHUYLFHVIURP08$

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

MTP-3 User Part

M3UA
SCTP
IP

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)

:K\XVH6&73
LQVWHDGRIVLPSO\
XWLOVLQJ7&3"

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

$OWKRXJKWKH7&3SURYLGHVUHOLDEOH
GHOLYHU\RIGDWDLWRIWHQDGGVXQQHFHVVDU\
VLJQDOOLQJDQGWKXVFDXVHVXQZDQWHG
GHOD\RIVHUYLFH

7&3DSSOLFDWLRQVKDYHDQLQFRQYHQLHQFH
UHTXLUHPHQWWRPDQDJHDQGPDUNWKH
VHTXHQFHQXPEHUVRIHDFKSDFNHW

7KHOLPLWHGVFRSHRI7&3VRFNHWVGRHVQRW
VXSSRUWWKHGDWDWUDQVIHUFDSDELOLW\XVLQJ
PXOWLKRPHGKRVWV

6HFXULW\RI7&3LVOLPLWHG)RUH[DPSOH
WKH7&3LVUHODWLYHO\YXOQHUDEOHWRGHQLDO
RIVHUYLFHDWWDFNVVXFKDV6<1DWWDFNV

MTP-3 User Part

M3UA
SCTP
IP

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)

$FNQRZOHGJHGHUURUIUHHDQGQRQ
GXSOLFDWHGSDFNHWRULHQWHGGHOLYHU\RI
VLJQDOOLQJPHVVDJHV

:KDWGRHV
6&73GR"

MTP-3 User Part

,QVHTXHQFHGHOLYHU\RIXVHUPHVVDJHV
ZLWKLQPXOWLSOHVWUHDPVZLWKDQRSWLRQ
IRURUGHURIDUULYDOGHOLYHU\RILQGLYLGXDO
PHVVDJHV

M3UA
SCTP
IP

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

2SWLRQDOO\PXOWLSOH[LQJPXOWLSOHXVHU
PHVVDJHVLQWRDVLQJOH6&73GDWDJUDP
1HWZRUNOHYHOIDXOWWROHUDQFHE\
VXSSRUWLQJPXOWLKRPLQJ
$GYDQFHGFRQJHVWLRQPHFKDQLVPVIRU
UHVLVWDQFHWRIORRGLQJDQGPDVTXDUDGH
DWWDFNV

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)

%\WHV ELWV

:KDWLVWKH
VWUXFWXUHRI6&73"

Source Port Number

Chunk Type

Destination Port Number

 5RZ

Verification Tag



M3UA

Checksum



SCTP

Chunk Flags

Chunk Length

Chunk Value field

( information to be transferred in the chunk)





1

6&73+HDGHU
6&733D\ORDGHJ08$PHVVDJH

Jussi Tuominen 30.1.2002

MTP-3 User Part

IP

MAP

CAP
T CAP

INAP
B S S AP

R ANAP
B ICC

S CCP
M3UA
S CT P (16+B ytes )

IP v4 (20 bytes ), IP v6 (40 bytes )

Gbe,AT M, etc.

IS UP
H.248
RT P
T CP (20)UDP (8)