Euro-Code 3: Bolted Connections

Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections
Euro-Code 3
Bolted connections
Bolted angilar connection:
Dimensions of connection:
Plate thickness d =
Bolt spacing e =
Spacing of bolts eo =
Spacing of bolts b =
Spacing of bolts h =
Angle of tension force =
15,00 mm
35,00 mm
30,00 mm
70,00 mm
220,00 mm
45,00
Bolts:
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl=
Shaft diameter dll=
Cross-section areas As =
SEL("steel/bolt"; BS; )
SEL("steel/bolt"; SC; )
TAB("steel/bolt"; fubk; SC=SC)
TAB("steel/bolt"; d; BS=Bolt)
dl+2
TAB("steel/bolt"; Asp; BS=Bolt)
=
=
=
=
=
=
M 20
8.8
800,00 N/mm
20,00 mm
22,00 mm
2,45 cm
steel =
fy =
fu =
M0=
Mb=
SEL("steel/EC"; Name; )
TAB("steel/EC"; fy; Name=steel)
TAB("steel/EC"; fu; Name=steel)
=
=
=
Fe 510
355,00 N/mm
510,00 N/mm
Plate:
1,10
1,25
Loads:
Ssd =
Nsd =
Vsd =
Force per bolt:
Ft,sd =
Fv,sd =
424,26 kN
COS(
) * Ssd
SIN(
) * Ssd
=
=
300,00 kN
300,00 kN
Nsd / 4
Vsd / 4
=
=
75,00 kN
75,00 kN
Euro-Code 3
Limit tension force of bolts:

Ft,Rd = 0,9 * fu,b * As / Mb / 10
Ft,sd / Ft,Rd
Check limit shear force for bolts:
Fv,Rd = 0,6 * fu,b * * dl / 4000 / Mb
Fv,sd / Fv,Rd
Check combined:
Ft,sd / (1,4 * Ft,Rd) + Fv,sd / Fv,Rd
Analysis of bearing strength:
as in 6.5.1.3:
as in 6.5.1.3:
as in 6.5.1.2(1):
as in 6.5.1.2(3):
eo / dll
eo / dll
e / dll
b / dll
=
=
141,12 kN
0,53 < 1
=
=
120,64 kN
0,62 < 1
1,00 1
=
=
=
=
1,36 > 1
1,36 < 1,5
1,59 > 1,2
3,18 > 3
=
MIN(e / (3 * dll); b / (3 * dll) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
2,5 * * fu * dl * d / Mb / 10
Tab.6.5.3 Fb1,Rd =
6.5.5.(10) Fb2,Rd =
2/3 * Fb1,Rd
Fb,Rd = Fb2,Rd + (Fb1,Rd - Fb2,Rd) * (eo / dl - 1,2) / 0,3
=
=
=
=
0,53
162,18 kN
108,12 kN
162,18 kN
Fv,sd / Fb,Rd
0,46 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Bolted connection subject to bending
a=
80,00 mm
a1 =
45,00 mm
e=
80,00 mm
e1 =
45,00 mm
e2 =
50,00 mm
e3 =
90,00 mm
20,00 mm
d1 =
d2 =
8,00 mm
b1 =
160,00 mm
h2 =
2 * (e2 + e3)
Flansch-Bolts:
Boltf =
SC1 =
fu,bo =
Hole diameter dlo =
Shaft diameter dl1o =
Number of rows no =
280,00 mm
TAB("steel/bolt"; fubk; SC=SC1)
TAB("steel/bolt"; d; BS=Boltf)
dlo + 2
Steg-Bolts:
BoltS =
SC2 =
fu,bs =
TAB("steel/bolt"; d; BS=BoltS)
Hole diameter dls =
Shaft diameter dl1s =
dls + 2
Number of rows ns =
Number of columns ms =
=
=
=
=
=
M 20
4.6
400,00 N/mm
20,00 mm
22,00 mm
3
=
=
=
=
=
M 16
4.6
400,00 N/mm
16,00 mm
18,00 mm
3
2
Profil:
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Web thickness s =
Flange thickness t =
Cross-sectional area A =
Moment of resistance W y =
Moment of resistance W pl =
SEL("steel/Profils"; Name; )
SEL("steel/"Typ; Name; )
TAB("steel/"Typ; h; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; s; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; t; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; A; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; Wy; Name=Profil)
1,14 * W y
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 240
240,00 mm
6,20 mm
9,80 mm
39,10 cm
324,00 cm
369,36 cm
Euro-Code 3
Material and Partial safety factors:

steel =
fy =
fu =
1,10
M0 =
1,25
M2 =
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
Loads:
Msd =
Vsd =
157,95 kNm
60,75 kN
Check beam-web strength without holes:

Mc,Rd = W pl * fy / M0 / 10
Msd / Mc,Rd
Av =
1,04 * h * s / 100
Vpl,Rd = Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M0
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
=
=
2,00 < 1
Av,net =
15,48 cm
190,93 kN
=
=
=
=
=
19,55 cm
14,12 cm
1,14 1
319,73 cm
68,31 kNm
12,13 cm
2926,93 cm4
=
=
=
10816,00 cm4
33,64 kNm
124,31 kNm
478,12 kN
361,91 kN
=
=
0,682
577,46 kN
2,31 < 1
Av - ns * dl1s * s / 100
fy / fu * Av / Av,net
=
=
0,32 < 1
Check beam-web strength with holes:

Az =
0,5 * A
Az,net = Az - (2 * dl1o * t + ((ns - 1) / 2) * dl1s * s) / 100
(fy / fu * M2 / M0) / (0,9 * Az,net / Az)
W pl,net = W pl - 2 * dl1o * t * (h - t) / 2000
Mc,Rd,C = W pl,net * fy / (M0 * 10)
Msd / Mc,Rd,C
78,91 kNm
0,83 < 1
Area of holes will be neglected.

Analysis of bolts in flange:
Iw =
2 / 12 * d2 * h2 / 104
If =
Mw =
Mf =
2 * b1 * d1 * ((h + d1) / 2) / 104

Msd * Iw / (Iw + If)
Msd * If / (Iw + If)
Effective tension force in flange:

Nsd = Mf / (h + d1) * 10
Limit shear force
Fv,Rd = no * 2 * 0,6 * fu,bo * /4 * dlo / M2 / 10
Limit bearing force:
=
MIN(a1 / (3 * dl1o); a / (3 * dl1o) - 0,25; fu,bo / fu; 1)
Fb,Rd = 2 * no * 2,5 * * fu * dlo * t / M2 / 10
Nsd / MIN(Fv,Rd; Fb,Rd)
1,32 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Analysis of bolts in web:

ns1 =
(ns - 1) / 2 + 0,49
ns2 =
ns1 * 2
ms1 =
(ms - 1) / 2 + 0,49
ms2 =
ms1 * 2
(ns * ms2 * ((ms-1) / 2*e) + ns2 * ms * ((ns-1) / 2*e3))/10
Ip =
Msw =
Mw + Vsd * e3 / 10
((10*Msw*e3/Ip) + ((Vsd/(ms*ns)) + 10*Msw*(ms-1)/2*e/Ip))
Rsd =
Fv,Rd = ms * 0,6 * fu,bs * /4 * dls / 10 / M2
MIN(e1 / (3 * dl1s); e / (3 * dl1s) - 0,25; fu,bo / fu; 1)
=
Fb,Rd = 2,5 * * fu * dls * s / M2 / 10
Rsd / MIN(Fv,Rd; Fb,Rd)
1
2
1
2
420,00 cm
39,11 kNm
96,27 kN
77,21 kN
0,833
59,50 kN
1,62 < 1
Analysis of cover plates:

A=
d1 * b1 / 100
Anet =
A - (2 * dl1o * d1) / 100
Limit tension force:
Nt,Rd = MIN(A * fy / M0; 0,9 * Anet * fu / M2)/ 10
Nsd / Nt,Rd
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,80 < 1
32,00 cm
23,20 cm
601,34 kN
Euro-Code 3
Connection subject to moment load:
e2
e3
e3
e2
3
5
e1 e
e e1
Bolt spacing e =
Edge distance e1 =
Bolt spacing e3 =
Plate thickness t =
Number of bolts n =
50,00 mm
35,00 mm
70,00 mm
6,00 mm
8
Bolts:
Bolt1 =
SC1 =
fu,b1 =
Hole diameter dl1 =
TAB("steel/bolt"; d; BS=Bolt1)
=
=
=
=
M 30
5.6
500,00 N/mm
30,00 mm
Bolt2 =
SC2 =
fu,b2 =
Hole diameter ds2 =
Shaft diameter dl2=
TAB("steel/bolt"; d; BS=Bolt2)
ds2+1
=
=
=
=
=
M 12
5.6
500,00 N/mm
12,00 mm
13,00 mm
IPE330 aus
steel =
fu2 =
Mb =
Mo =
1,25
1,25
=
=
Fe 360
360,00 N/mm
Loads:
Vsd =
Msd =
Analysis of the right bolt:
Check limit shear force
Fv,Rd = 0,6 * / 4 * (dl1 / 10) * fu,b1 / Mo / 10
=
Vsd / Fv,Rd
Limit bearing strength
Fb,Rd = 1,5 * dl1 * t * fu2 / Mb / 10
=
Vsd / Fb,Rd
58,70 kN
910,00 kNcm
= 169,65 kN
0,35 < 1
=
0,75 < 1
77,76 kN
Euro-Code 3
Check bolts on left:

Ip =
(6 * e + 6 * e3) / 100
Maximum horizontal force in bolt due to moment:
Msd * e3 / 10 / Ip
Fh =
Maximum vertical force:
Msd * e / 10 / Ip + Vsd / n
Fv =
Resulting force
Rr =
(Fh + Fv)
Fv,Rd = 0,6 * fu,b2 * dl2 * / 4 / Mb / 10
= 444,00 cm
=
14,35 kN
17,59 kN
=
=
22,70 kN
31,86 kN
Analysis of bearing strength

=
MIN(e1 / (3 * dl2); 2 * e / (3 * dl2) - 0,25; fu,b2 / fu2; 1) =
Fb,Rd = 2,5 * * fu2 * dl2 * t / Mb / 10
=
0,90
50,54 kN
Rr / Fv,Rd
Fh / Fb,Rd
0,71 < 1
0,28 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Bolted shear joint:
Spacing of bolts a =
Spacing of bolts a0 =
Depth of cope a4 =
Plate projection as =
Lever-arm x =
Number of bolts n =
45,00 mm
35,00 mm
30,00 mm
50,00 mm
90,00 mm
30,00 mm
20,00 mm
45,00 mm
3
Bolts:
M16 4.6
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl=
Shaft diameter d0=
dl+2
=
=
=
=
=
M 16
4.6
400,00 N/mm
16,00 mm
18,00 mm
Angle section P =
SEL("steel/WG"; Name; )
Angle thickness t =
TAB("steel/WG"; s; Name=P)
Factor for group bolts as in 6.5.2..2(3):
k=
0,5 for 1 group bolts; =2,5 for 2 rows
=
=
L 80x8
8,00 mm
steel =
fy =
fu =
=
TAB("steel/EC"; fy; Name=steel) =
TAB("steel/EC"; fu; Name=steel) =
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Web thickness s =
=
IPE
= IPE 270
TAB("steel/"Typ; h; Name=Profil) = 270,00 mm
TAB("steel/"Typ; s; Name=Profil) =
6,60 mm
Mb =
M2 =
M0 =
1,25
1,25
1,10
Loads:
Vsd =
60,00 kN
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
Euro-Code 3
Check bolt spacing as in 6.5.1:
1,2 * d0 / a1
a1 / MAX(12 * t; 150)
1,5 * d0 / a0
a0 / MAX(12 * t; 150)
2,2 * d0 / a2
a2 / MIN(12 * s; 200)
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,72 < 1
0,20 < 1
0,77 < 1
0,23 < 1
0,79 < 1
0,63 < 1
Check bolts strength:

Bolts in web of main beam Fv,sd =
Bolts in web of connecting beam Msd =
Horizontal force due to Msd Fh,sd =
Distributed shearing force on bolts Fv,sd =
Maximum bolt strength Fsd =
Vsd / (2 * n)
x / 10 * Vsd
Msd / ((n - 1) * a2 / 10)
Vsd / n
(Fh,sd + Fv,sd)
Limit strength and analysis of bolts:

Bolts in web of main beam:
Plain ...in the shear plane Fv,Rd = 0,6 * fu,b * * dl / 4 / Mb / 10
=
MIN(a1 / (3 * d0); a2 / (3 * d0) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
Fb,Rd = 2,5 * * fu * dl * t / Mb / 10
Analysis:
Fsd / Fb,Rd
=
0,66 < 1
Bolts in web of connecting beam:
Fv,Rd = 2 * 0,6 * fu,b * * dl / 4 / Mb / 10
=
MIN(a1 / (3 * d0); a2 / (3 * d0) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
Fb,Rd = 2,5 * * fu * dl * s / Mb / 10
Analysis:
Fsd / Fb,Rd
=
0,79 < 1
Check angle section strength
Design loads:
Vsdw = Vsd / 2
Msdw = Msd / 2
=
=
A=
(2 * a2 + 2 * a1) * t / 200
(2 * a2 + 2 * a1 - n * d0) * t / 200
Anet =
(fy / fu * M2 / M0) / (0,9 * Anet / A)
Subtract bottom bolt holes.
A=
A*2
Anet =
Anet * 2
fy / fu * A / Anet
Bolt holes should not be subtracted
(t * (2 * a2 + 2 * a1) / 4 - d0 * t * a2) / 1000
W pl =
Mpl,Rd = W pl * fy / 10 / M0
Msd / Mpl,Rd
=
0,29 < 1
Vpl,Rd = A * fy / 10 / (
(3) * M0)
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
Also:
Vsd / (Vpl,Rd / 2)
No interaction.
0,38 < 1
0,76 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
10,00 kN
270,00 kNcm
27,00 kN
20,00 kN
33,60 kN
38,60 kN
=
=
0,556
51,24 kN
77,21 kN
=
=
0,556
42,27 kN
30,00 kN
135,00 kNm
=
=
=
6,40 cm
4,24 cm
1,24 > 1
=
=
=
12,80 cm
8,48 cm
0,99 < 1
=
=
44,00 cm
940,00 kNcm
157,88 kN
Euro-Code 3
Check shear failure:

Lv =
(n - 1) * a2
L1 =
a2
L1 / (5 * d0)
L2 =
(a - k * d0) * fu / fy
Lv + a2 + a3
L3 =
Lv,eff = Lv + L1 + L2
Lv,eff / L3
L3 / ((Lv + a2 + a3 - n * d0) * fu / fy)
Effective shear area:
Av,eff = Lv,eff * t / 100
Veff,Rd = Av,eff * fy / 10 / (3) / M0
Vsd / Veff,Rd
0,30 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
100,00 mm
50,00 mm
0,56 < 1
55,15 mm
240,00 mm
205,15 mm
0,85 < 1
0,84 < 1
=
=
16,41 cm
202,41 kN
Euro-Code 3
Double shear joint with bolts:
Plate thickness d1 =
Number of plates n1 =
Number of plates n2 =
Plate width b =
Bolt spacing e =
Edge distance e1 =
Edge distance e2 =
Bolt spacing e3 =
6,00 mm
2
7,10 mm
1
210,00 mm
40,00 mm
60,00 mm
40,00 mm
65,00 mm
Bolts:
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl=
Number of bolts n=
=
=
=
=
=
M 20
10.9
1000,00 N/mm
20,00 mm
2,45 cm
5
steel =
fy =
fu =
M0 =
M2 =
1,10
1,25
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
Nsd =
100,00 kN
Plate :
Loads:
Joint with tension and shear:

Limit tension force of plate links
A=
b * d1 * n1 / 100
d=
dl + 2
Cross-section area 1:
Anet,1 = A - 2 * d * d1 * n1 / 100
=
=
25,20 cm
22,00 mm
19,92 cm
Euro-Code 3
Anet,2 = A-3 *d *d1 *n1 /10 + 2 * e / (4*e3) * d1 * n1 / 10
Anet = MIN(Anet,1; Anet,2)
Nt,Rd1 = MIN(A * fy / M0; 0,9 * Anet * fu / M2)/10
=
=
=
18,76 cm
18,76 cm
486,26 kN
Limit tension force of plate rechts

A=
b * d2 * n2 / 100
d=
dl+ 2
Anet,1 = A - 2 * d * d2 * n2 / 100
Anet,2 = A - 3 * d * d2 * n2 / 10 + 2 * e / (4*e3) * d2 * n2 / 10
Anet = MIN(Anet,1; Anet,2)
Nt,Rd2 = MIN(A * fy / M0; 0,9 * Anet * fu / M2)/10
=
=
=
=
=
=
14,91 cm
22,00 mm
11,79 cm
11,10 cm
11,10 cm
287,71 kN
Nt,Rd = MIN(Nt,Rd2; Nt,Rd1)
287,71 kN
Limit tension force of boltsn:

* (dl /10) / 4
As =
Thread in the shearing plane:
Fv,Rd= 0,6 * n * (n1 + n2 - 1) * fu,b / 10* As / M2
=
MIN(e1 / (3 * d); 2 * e / (3 * d) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
Fb,Rd1 = n1 * n * 2,5 * * fu * dl* d1 / M2 / 10
MIN(e1 / (3 * d); 2 * e / (3 * d) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
=
Fb,Rd2 = n2 * n * 2,5 * * fu * dl* d2 / M2 / 10
Fb,Rd = MIN(Fb,Rd1; Fb,Rd2)
Maximum allowed force:
Nl,Rd = MIN(Nt,Rd; Fv,Rd; Fb,Rd)
Analysis:
Nsd / Nl,Rd
0,35 < 1
3,14 cm
1507,20 kN
=
=
=
=
0,91
786,24 kN
0,91
465,19 kN
465,19 kN
287,71 kN
Euro-Code 3
High strength friction-grip bolt connection:
Plate thickness 1 d1 =
Plate thickness 2 d2 =
Bolt spacing e =
Edge distance e1 =
Edge distance e2 =
Bolt spacing e3 =
Plate width b=
10,00 mm
8,00 mm
65,00 mm
55,00 mm
50,00 mm
70,00 mm
240,00 mm
Bolts:
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl=
Cross-section areas As=
Number of bolts n=
Lcher mit normalem Lochspiel as in 6.5.8.1 (2) Ks =

Anzahl der Gleitfugen as in 6.5.8.1 (1) =
Reibungszahl as in 6.5.8.3 =
as in 6.5.8.1 (3) Ms =
=
=
=
=
=
M 22
10.9
1000,00 N/mm
22,00 mm
3,03 cm
5
1,00
1,00
0,40
1,25
Plate:
steel =
fy =
fu =
M0 =
M2 =
1,10
1,25
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
Loads:
Tension force Nsd =
100,00 kN
Limit tension force of plate:

A=
b * MIN(d1; d2) / 100
as in 7.5.2 d = dl + 2
Anet,1 =
A - 2 * d * MIN(d1; d2) / 10
Anet,2 =
A - 3 * d * MIN(d1; d2)/10 + 2 * e / (4*e3) * MIN(d1; d2)/10
MIN(Anet,1; Anet,2)
Anet =
=
=
19,20 cm
24,00 mm
15,36 cm
=
=
15,85 cm
15,36 cm
Euro-Code 3
Friction-grip connection:
Plate
Anet * fy / 10 / M0
=
Nnet,Rd =
Limit tension force of bolts
Limit shank tension Fp,cd = 0,7 * fu,b / 10 * As
=
n * Ks * * * Fp,cd / Ms
Limit slip resistance force Fs,Rd =
Limit bearing force:
=
=
MIN(e1 / (3 * d); 2 * e /(3 * d) - 0,25; fu,b / fu; 1)
n * 2,5 * * fu / 10 * dl *MIN(d1; d2) / M2 / 100
=
Fb,Rd =
Ng,Rd =
Analysis:
Nsd / Ng,Rd
MIN(Nnet,Rd; Fb,Rd; Fs,Rd)

=
0,30 < 1
328,15 kN
212,10 kN
=339,36 kN
0,76
481,54 kN
328,15 kN
Euro-Code 3
Bolt spacing e =
Edge distance e1 =
Edge distance e2 =
Bolt spacing e3 =
Plate width b =
10,00 mm
8,00 mm
65,00 mm
55,00 mm
50,00 mm
70,00 mm
240,00 mm
Bolts:
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl =
Number of bolts n =
=
=
=
=
=
steel =
fy =
fu =
M0 =
M2 =
1,10
1,25
=
=
=
Nsd =
100,00 kN
M 22
4.6
400,00 N/mm
22,00 mm
3,03 cm
5
Plate:
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
Loads:

Limit tension force of plate:
A=
b * MIN(d1; d2) / 100
d=
dl+ 2
Anet,1 = A - 2 * d * MIN(d1; d2) / 100
Anet,2 = A-3*d*MIN(d1;d2)/10 + 2*e/(4*e3)*MIN(d1;d2)/10
Anet =
MIN(Anet,1; Anet,2)
Nt,Rd = MIN(A * fy / M0; 0,9 * Anet * fu / M2)/ 10
=
=
19,20 cm
24,00 mm
15,36 cm
=
=
=
15,85 cm
15,36 cm
398,13 kN
Euro-Code 3
Limit tension force of boltsn:

As =
* (d / 10) / 4
Thread in the shearing plane:
Fv,Rd = 0,6 * n * fu,b / 10 * As / M2
=
MIN(e1 / (3 * d); 2 * e / (3 * d) - 0,25;fu,b / fu; 1)
Fb,Rd = n * 2,5 * * fu * d * MIN(d1; d2) / M2 / 10
4,52 cm
433,92 kN/cm
=
=
0,76
525,31 kN

Nl,Rd = MIN(Nt,Rd; Fv,Rd; Fb,Rd)
398,13 kN
Analysis:
Nsd / Nl,Rd
0,25 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Check shear failure:
Spacing of bolts a =
Number of bolts n =
50,00 mm
43,00 mm
70,00 mm
75,00 mm
4
Bolts:
Bolt =
SC =
fu,b =
Hole diameter dl=
Shaft diameter dl2= dl+2
k=
0,5 for 1 group bolts; =2,5 for 2 rows
steel =
fy =
fu =
=
=
=
=
=
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Web thickness s =
1,25
Mb =
1,10
M0 =
M 20
5.6
500,00 N/mm
20,00 mm
22,00 mm
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 360
360,00 mm
8,00 mm
=
=
=
29,95 cm
369,41 kN
22,91
Loads:
Vsd =
58,70 kN
Limit shear force of section:

Av =
Vpl,Rdp =
Av,net =
1,04 * h * s / 100
Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M0
Av - (n * s * dl2) / 100
fy / fu * Av / Av,net
Holes can be neglected.
0,85 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Joint with shear failure as in Bild 6.5.5:

Lv =
(n - 1) * a2
L1 =
a1
L1 / (5 * dl2)
L2 =
(a - k * dl2) * fu / fy
Lv + a1 + a3
L3 =
Lv,eff = Lv + L1 + L2
Lv,eff / L3
L3 / (Lv + a1 + a3 - n + dl2)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
210,00 mm
43,00 mm
0,39 < 1
59,74 mm
328,00 mm
312,74 mm
0,95 < 1
0,95 < 1
Effective shear area:

Av,eff = Lv,eff * s / 100
Vpl,Rd = Av,eff * fy / 10 / (3) / M0
=
=
25,02 cm
308,60 kN
Maximum design force for shear:

MIN(Vpl,Rdp; Vpl,Rd)
VRd =
308,60 kN
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Columns
Columns
Column of section class 4:
F
b
t2
h
t1
Load diagram:
Column height H =
Beam width b =
Column height h =
Web thickness t1 =
Flange thickness t2 =
6,50 m
50,00 cm
100,00 cm
1,00 cm
1,00 cm
Loads:
Nd =
3500,00 kN
Materials and stresses:

steel =
fy =
E=
TAB("steel/EC"; E; Name=steel)
=
(235 / fy)
Partial safety factors:
1,10
M =
1,35
g =
Section classification:
As in Table 5.3.1
b' =
b - 2 * t1
b' / t2 / (42 * )
Section class 4
h' =
h - 2 * t2
h' / t1 / (42 * )
Section class 4
=
=
=
=
=
=
48,00 cm
1,14 > 1
=
=
98,00 cm
2,33 > 1
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
1,00
Euro-Code 3
Effective web area:

Part A-B; C-D As in Table 5.3.2:
=
k =
as in 5.3.5(3)
trans,p = b' / t2 / (28,4 * * (k))
=
(
trans,p - 0,22) / trans,p
beff =
* b'
Part A-C; B-D As in Table 5.3.2:
=
k =
as in 5.3.5(3)
trans,p = h' / t1 / (28,4 * * (k))
=
(
heff =
* h'
1,00
4,00
=
=
=
0,85 >0,673
0,872
41,86 cm
1,00 cm
4,00
=
=
=
Check buckling:
Aeff =
2 * (heff * t1 + beff * t2) + 4 * t1 * t2
A=
b * h - (b - 2 * t1) * (h - 2 * t2)
Aeff / A
A =
1,73 >0,673
0,505
49,49 cm
=
=
=
186,70 cm
296,00 cm
0,631
Ib =
(b * h - (b - 2 * t1) * (h - 2 * t2)) / 12
401898,67 cm4
Ih =
(b * h - (b - 2 * t1) * (h - 2 * t2)) / 12
138498,67 cm4
=
=
=
138498,67 cm4
67941,82 kN
0,25
I=
MIN(Ib; Ih)
Ncr =
* E/10 * I / (H * 100)
A * A * fy /10 / Ncr)
trans = (
Apply strut curve b
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans - 0,2) + trans)
=
Nb,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
* A * A * fy / 10 / M
Nd / Nb,Rd
=
=
=
0,893 < 1
0,34
0,540
0,9817
3917,19 kN
Euro-Code 3
Column subject to compression force:
Nd
Column heigth H =
ly =
lz =
steel =
fy =
E=
=
H/2
H/3
7,50 m
3,75 m
2,50 m
=
=
(235 / fy)
=
=
=
=
Fe 430
275,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
0,92
Profil:
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Depth of web h1 =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
Radius of gyration iy =
Radius of gyration iz=
TAB("steel/"Typ; h1; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; b; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; iy; Name=Profil)
TAB("steel/"Typ; iz; Name=Profil)
Section classification As in Table 5.3.1:

Web:
( h1 / s ) / ( 33 * )
( h1 / s ) / ( 38 * )
Section class 2.
Flange:
( b / 2 / t ) / ( 10 * )
Section class 1.
Section will be classified as class 2.
=
=
1,15 < 1
1,00 < 1
0,76 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 300
53,80 cm
300,00 mm
248,00 mm
7,10 mm
150,00 mm
10,70 mm
12,50 cm
3,35 cm
Euro-Code 3
Analysis:
nach 5.5.1.1 (1) A=
1,00 Cross-section class 2
nach 5.1.1 (2) M1=
Check buckling In Y-Y Axis:
h/b
=
2,00 > 1,2
t /10
=
1,07 cm < 4 cm
as in Tab 5.5.3 :
ly * 100 / iy
=
30,00
y =
93,9 *
=
86,39
1 =
=
0,347
trans,y =
y / 1 * (
A)
Apply strut curve a
As in Table 5.5.1 =
0,21
0,576
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans,y - 0,2) + trans,y) =
=
1 / (
+ (
- trans,y)0,5)
* A * A * fy /10/ M1
Nb,y,Rd =
Check buckling In Z-Z Axis:
h/b
t / 10
as in Tab 5.5.3 :
z =
lz * 100 / iz
trans,z =
z / 1 * (
A)
Apply strut curve b
As in Table 5.5.1 =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans,z - 0,2) + trans,z)
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,9655
1298,60 kN
2,00 > 1,2
1,07 cm < 4cm
74,63
0,864
0,34
0,986
=
Nb,z,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
* A * A * fy /10/ M1
=
=
0,6844
920,52 kN
max_Nd =
MIN(Nb,y,Rd; Nb,z,Rd)
920,52 kN
Euro-Code 3
Column of section class 4:
b
F
t2
y
t1
Load diagram:
Column heigth H =
Flange width b =
Depth of web h =
Web thickness t1 =
Flange thickness t2 =
4,00 kN
20,00 cm
30,00 cm
1,20 cm
1,20 cm
Loads:
Nd =
700,00 kN

steel = SEL("steel/EC"; Name; )
fy =
E=
=
(235 / fy)
93,90 *
1 =
M =
b / t2 / (14 * )
Section class 4
h / t1 / (33 * )
Section class 1
=
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
1,00
93,90
1,10
1,19 > 1
0,76 > 1
Euro-Code 3
Effective web area:

Flangee:
As in Table 5.3.3:
=
k =
as in 5.3.5(3)
trans,p = b / t2 / (28,4 * * (k))
=
beff =
Aeff =
(
*b
2 * (beff * t2) + (h + 2 * t2) * t1

Location of shear centre:
ys,eff =
(beff * (2 * t2) * (beff + t2) / 2) / Aeff
beff / 12 * (2 * t2) + beff * (2 * t2) * ((beff + t1) / 2 - ys,eff)
(h + 2 * t2) * t1 / 12 + (h + 2 * t2) * t1 * ys,eff
1,00
0,43
=
0,89 >0,673
0,846
16,92 cm
79,49 cm
4,628 cm
= 1766,44 cm4
=
837,41 cm4
Iz,eff= 2603,85 cm4

W z,eff =
Iz,eff / ((beff + t1) - ys,eff - (t1 / 2))
201,97 cm
b * 2 * t2 + (h + 2 * t2) * t1
86,88 cm
Location of center of gravity:

ys =
(b * 2 * t2 * (b + t1) / 2) / A
5,856 cm
Gross area:
A=
Iz =
eNz =
Check buckling:
Ncr =
A =
b/12*2*t2+b*2*t2*((b+t1)/2-ys)+(h+2*t2)*t1/12+(h+2*t2)*t1*ys = 4018,23 cm4

ys - ys,eff
=
1,228 cm
* E/10 * Iz / (H * 100)
Aeff / A
trans,z = (
A * A * fy /10 / Ncr)
Apply strut curve c As in Table 5.5.3
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
= 5205,15 kN
=
0,915
0,60
0,49
0,778
=
Mz =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
Nd * eNz / 100
=
=
0,7854
8,60 kNm
=
M
=
1,8 - 0,7 *
1,00
1,10
trans,z * (2 * M
- 4)
1 - (
z * Nd) / (
* Aeff * fy/10)
-1,080 < 0,9
1,515 ~ 1,5
z =
kz1 =
kz2 =
kz =
1,500
MIN(kz1; kz2)
Nd / (
* Aeff * fy/10 / M) + 100 * kz *Mz / (W z,eff * fy/10 / M)
1,500
0,824 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Column with compression and moment:
Nsd
Msd
H
Load diagram:
Column heigth H =
5,00 m
Loads:
Nsd =
My,sd =
200,00 kN
10,00 kN

steel =
fy =
E=
G=
TAB("steel/EC"; G; Name=steel)
=
(235 / fy)
M =
1,10
1,35
g =
platischer Formbeiwert ply =
1,14
platischer Formbeiwert plz =
1,25
=
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
1,00
Profil:
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Depth of web h1 =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
W ely=
W ply =
W elz=
W plz =
ply * W ely
TAB("steel/"Typ; Wz; Name=Profil)
plz * W elz
Section classification As in Table5.3.1:

Web will be assumed as pressed in
( h1 / s ) / ( 33 * )
Section class 1.
Flange:
( b / 2 / t ) / ( 10 * )
Section class 1.
0,53 < 1
0,89 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
HEA
HEA 160
38,80 cm
152,00 mm
104,00 mm
6,00 mm
160,00 mm
9,00 mm
6,57 cm
3,98 cm
220,00 cm
250,80 cm
76,90 cm
96,13 cm
Euro-Code 3
Check bending and buckling:

as in 5.5.1.1 (1) A =
as in 5.1.1 (2) M1 =
H * 100 / iy
=
76,10
y =
93,9 *
=
93,90
1 =
=
0,810
trans,y = y / 1 * (
A)
100 * H / iz
=
125,63
z =
=
1,34
trans,z = z / (
* (E / fy))
As in Table 5.5.3
h/b
=
0,95 < 1,2
t / 10
=
0,90 cm < 10cm
As in Table:5.5.1
Strut curve b for Y-Y axis
=
0,34
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans,y - 0,2) + trans,y)
trans,y)0,5)
y =
1 / (
+ (
Apply strut curve c for z-Achse
=
0,49
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
z =
=
My =
y =
ky =
=
0,00
1,8 - 0,7 *
trans,y * (2 * My - 4) + (W ply - W ely) / W ely
1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * A * fy)
MIN(
y; z)
0,932
0,7179
1,677
0,3724
=
=
=
=
1,80
-0,184 < 0,9
1,006 < 1,5
0,372
* A * fy / 10 / M) + 100 * ky * My,sd / (W ply * fy / 10 / M) = 0,836 < 1

Nsd / (
Check torsional-flexural buckling:
w =
As in Table: F.1.1
=
k=
C1 =

0,00
1,00
1,879
90 * H / iz / ((C1)0,5 * (1 + 1 / 20 * ((100 * H / iz) / (h / t)))0,25) =

LT =
LT / 1 * (
w)
trans,LT =
For rolled sections strut curve a
=
0,21
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans,LT - 0,2) + trans,LT)
)0,5)
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT
LT =
M,LT = 1,8 - 0,7 *
trans,z = z / 1 * (
A)
0,15 * trans,z * M,LT - 0,15
LT =
h/b
=
0,95 < 1,2
t / 10
=
0,90 cm < 10cm
Z-Z axis Strut curve c
=
0,49
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
z =
kLT =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
1 - (
LT * Nsd) / (
z * A * fy)
59,208
= 0,631
0,74
=
=
=
=
0,89
1,80
1,338
0,211 < 0,9
1,674
=
=
0,3731
0,988 < 1,0
z * A * fy / 10 / M) + 100 * kLT * My,sd / (

LT*W ply * fy / 10 / M) = 0,854 < 1
Nsd / (
Euro-Code 3
Column subject to compression force:
Nd
Column base is pinned.

For buckling, column head is pinned about the Y-Y axis, and fixed about the Z-Z axis .
Load diagram:
Column heigth H =
8,00 m
Loads:
Nd =
2000,00 kN

steel =
fy =
E=
=
(235 / fy)
Effective length factor:
ky =
1,00 For simply supported ends
kz =
0,70 fixed ends
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
1,00
Profil:
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Depth of web h1 =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
Moment of inertia I =
Web:
( h1 / s ) / ( 33 * )
Flange:
( b / 2 / t ) / ( 10 * )
Section class 1.
TAB("steel/"Typ; Iy; Name=Profil)
0,57 < 1
0,79 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
HEB
HEB 300
149,00 cm
300,00 mm
208,00 mm
11,00 mm
300,00 mm
19,00 mm
25170,00 cm4
13,00 cm
7,58 cm
Euro-Code 3
Analysis:
A =
M1 =

Check buckling In Y-Y Axis:

h/b
t / 10
ky * H * 100 / iy
y =
93,9 *
1 =
trans,y =
y / 1 * (
A)
Apply strut curve b
As in Table 5.5.1 =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
Nb,Rd =
Nd / Nb,Rd
1 / (
+ (
- trans,y)0,5)
* A * A * fy / 10 / M1
=
Nd/Nb,Rd
0,792
0,8083
2572,97 kN
0,78 < 1
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
* A * A * fy / 10 / M1
=
1,00 < 1,2

1,90 cm < 10cm
61,54
93,90
0,655
0,34
=
=
=
Check buckling In Z-Z Axis:

h/b
t / 10
z =
kz * H * 100 / iz
trans,z =
z / 1 * (
A)
Apply strut curve c
As in Table 5.5.1 =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
Nb,Rd =
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,49
=
=
=
0,94 < 1
1,00 < 1,2

1,90 cm < 10cm
73,88 m
0,787
0,953
0,6709
2135,60 kN
Euro-Code 3
Column of channel section with compression and transverse loads:
qd
Pd
b
t2
y
t1
z
Load diagram:
Column height H =
Beam width b =
Depth of web h =
Web thickness t1 =
Flange width t2 =
4,00 m
9,50 cm
29,40 cm
1,00 cm
0,60 cm
Loads:
qd =
Nd =
15,00 kN/m
90,00 kN

fy =
E=
=
=
(235 / fy)
93,90 *
=
1 =
M =
As in Table 5.3.1
b / t2 / (14 * )
Section class 4
As in Table 5.3.2
h / t1 / (33 * )
Section class 1
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
1,00
93,90
1,10
1,13 > 1
0,89 > 1
A=
b * 2 * t2 + (h + 2 * t2) * t1
(b * 2 * t2 * (b + t1) / 2) / A
ys =
42,00 cm
1,425 cm
b / 12 * 2 * t2 + b * 2 * t2 * ((b + t1) / 2 - ys)
252,53 cm4
(h + 2 * t2) * t1 / 12 + (h + 2 * t2) * t1 * ys
64,69 cm4
Iz=
317,22 cm4
Iy =
W el,z =
W el,y =
h / 12 * t1 + 2 * (b * t2 / 12 + b * t2 * ((h + t2) / 2)) = 4683,02 cm4

Iz / (b + t1 / 2 - ys)
=
36,99 cm
Iy / ((h + t1) / 2)
= 308,09 cm
Euro-Code 3
Effective web area:

Flangee:
As in Table 5.3.3:
=
k =
as in 5.3.5(3)
trans,p = b / t2 / (28,4 * * (k))
=
(
beff =
*b
2 * (beff * t2) + (h + 2 * t2) * t1
Aeff =
(beff * (2 * t2) * (beff + t2) / 2) / Aeff
ys,eff =
eNz =
ys - ys,eff
Aeff / A
A =
Slenderness and reductions:
In Z-Z Axis:
Ncr,z =
* E * Iz / (H * 100)
trans,z = (
A * A * fy / Ncr,z)
Apply strut curve c
=
=
0,5 *(1 + * (
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
z =
In Y-Y Axis:
Ncr,y =
* E * Iy / (H * 100)
trans,y = (
A * A * fy / Ncr,y)
Apply strut curve c
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
y =
=
Nb,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,y)0,5)
MIN(
z; y)
* Aeff * fy / M
1,00
0,43
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,85 >0,673
0,872
8,28 cm
40,54 cm
1,088 cm
0,337 cm
0,965
4109,22 kN
1,52
0,49
1,979
0,3080
= 60663,06 kN
=
0,40
=
=
=
=
0,49
0,629
0,8973
0,3080
2667,53 kN
Euro-Code 3
Limit bending moment about the Y-Y axis:

Cross-section class 4
z's =
(-beff * t2 * (h + t2) / 2 + (b + (t1 / 2)) * t2 * (h + t2) / 2) / Aeff =
0,382 cm
(h + t2) / 12 * t1 + (h + t2) * t1 * z's
2261,46 cm4
beff * t2 * ((h + t2) / 2 + z's) + (b + (t1 / 2)) * t2 * ((h + t2) / 2 - z's)
2457,57 cm4
Ieff,y=
4719,03 cm4
W eff,y = Ieff,y / ((h + t2) / 2 + z's)

Mc,Rd,y = W eff,y * fy / M
Limit bending moment about the Z-Z axis:
Cross-section class 4 Tab 5.3.3
=
-ys / (b + (t1 / 2) - ys)
k =
0,57 - 0,21 * + 0,07 *
(b + (t1 / 2)) / t2 / (21 * * (k))
As in Table:5.3.5 (3)
trans,p = (b + (t1 / 2)) / t2 / (28,4 * * (k))
=
(
beff =
* (b + (t1 / 2)) / (1 - )
bt =
-(b + (t1 / 2)) * / (1 - )
beff + bt
ceff =
(h + t2) * t1 + 2 * ceff * t2
Aeff =
y' =
2 * ceff * t2 / 2 / Aeff
Ieff,z =
W eff,z =
Mc,Rd,z =
z =
kz1 =
kz2 =
kz =
-0,17
=
=
0,61
1,02 > 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,75 > 0,673

0,942
8,05 cm
1,45 cm
9,50 cm
41,40 cm
1,31 cm
(h + t2) * t1 * y' + 2 * ceff / 12 * t2 + 2 * ceff * t2 * (ceff / 2 - y') =

272,12 cm4
Ieff,z / (ceff / 2 - y')
=
79,10 cm
W eff,z * fy / M
= 16898,64 kNm
Check buckling:
Nsd =
Nd
My,sd = qd * H / 8
Mz,sd = Nd * eNz / 100
Hilfsbeiwerte:
My =
trans,y * (2 * My - 4)
y =
ky =
1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * Aeff * fy)
=
M
=
=
306,79 cm
= 65541,50 kNm
=
=
=
90,00 kN
30,00 kNm
0,30 kNm
=
=
1,30
-0,560 < 0,9
1,006 < 1,5
1,8 - 0,7 *
1,000
1,10 < 1,5
trans,z * (2 * M
- 4)
1 - (
z * Nsd) / (
* Aeff * fy)
=
=
MIN(kz1; kz2)
Nsd/(
*Aeff*fy/M)+ky*100*My,sd/(W eff,y*fy/M)+kz*100*Mz,sd/(W eff,z*fy/M)
-2,736 < 0,9

1,082
1,500
1,082
=
0,081 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Laced column made up of channel and angle sections:

Nd
H sd
b
ly
Loads:
Nsd =
Hsd =
Plan and elevation values:
Span length ly =
Column height l =
Width b =
Winkel 1 =
U-Profil U =
Af =
ez =
iz =
300,00 kN
45,00 kN
10*ly/100
SEL("steel/U"; Name; )
TAB("steel/U"; A; Name=U)
TAB("steel/U"; ez; Name=U)
TAB("steel/U"; iz; Name=U)
69,20 cm
6,92 m
40,00 cm
45,00
=
=
=
=
U 300
58,80 cm
2,70 cm
2,90 cm
Winkel W =
Angle thickness AD = TAB("steel/WG"; A; Name=W)
; Name=W)
Angle thickness i = TAB("steel/WG"; i
=
=
=
L 50x5
4,80 cm
0,98 cm
steel =
fy =
E=
=
1,00
=
(235 / fy)
93,90 *
=
93,90
1 =
1,10
M =
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
210000,00 N/mm
Euro-Code 3
Maximal tension force in chord:

Effective length ratio k =
Imperfection:
wo =
2*l/5
Effective moment of inertia:
ho =
b - 2 * ez
2,00
=
=
0,5 * ho * Af
Ieff =
Shear strength:
2 * E/10 * AD * ly * ho / (2 * (2 * ho))
Sv =
Ncr =
1 / ((4 * (100 * l)/(
* E/10 * Ieff)) + (1 / Sv))
max_Ms = Hsd * l + Nsd / (1 - Nsd / Ncr) * wo / 100
Nf,sd =
0,5 * Nsd + 100 * max_Ms / ho
Analysis of channels:
=
ly / iz
trans =
/ (
1 * )
Apply strut curve c
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
Nb,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
* Af * fy / 10 / M
Nf,sd / Nb,Rd
34,60 cm
35196,50 cm4
=
=
=
=
71276,36 kN
3615,26 kN
320,46 kNm
1076,18 kN
=
=
23,86
0,254
0,49
0,545
=
=
=
2,77 cm
0,9735
1222,89 kN
0,88 < 1
Analysis of lacing angles:

max_Vs = Hsd + Nsd / (1 - Nsd / Ncr) * wo * / (200 * l)
Design force for a diagonal:
NdS =
max_Vs / (2 * COS(
1))
47,06 kN
33,28 kN
=
(2 * ho) / i
/ (
1 * )
trans =
Apply strut curve c
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
=
49,93
0,532
0,49
0,723
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
* AD * fy / 10 / M
=
=
0,8247
84,57 kN
=
Nb,Rd =
NdS/Nb,Rd
0,39 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Continuous Beam
Continuous Beam
Purlin / Strut with biaxial bending and torsional-flexural buckling:
q
sd
q sd
l
Span length l=
Angle of slope =
Spacing of purlin l'=
720,00 cm
10,00
4,00 m
1,14
1,25
Loads:
From dead load g=
From snow load s=
0,20 kN/m
0,40 kN/m
Section classification for: IPE 200

Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
=
=
Column height h =
Flange width bf =
Flange thickness tf =
Flange thickness tw =
=
=
=
=
200,00 mm
100,00 mm
8,50 mm
5,60 mm
Moment of inertia Iy = TAB("steel/"Typ; Iy; Name=Profil)
1940,00 cm4
Moment of inertia Iz = TAB("steel/"Typ; Iz; Name=Profil)
142,00 cm4
Moment of inertia Iy = TAB("steel/"Typ; IT; Name=Profil)
6,98 cm4
=
=
=
=
=
12988,09 cm6
2,24 cm
194,00 cm
221,16 cm
28,50 cm
I =
iz =
W ely=
W ply =
W elz=
tf * bf * (h - tf) / (24*106)
ply * W ely

Es =
G=
fy =
=
(235/fy)
M =
g =
p =
1,10
1,35
1,50
IPE
IPE 200
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
Euro-Code 3
Design calculations:
Factored load pd =
Effective load qd =
Vertical load component qzd =
Horizontal load component qyd =
g * g + p * s
pd * 4
qd * COS(
)
qd * SIN(
)
Forces at 2nd support:

0,105 * qzd * (l / 100)
Mbysd =
Mbzsd =
0,105 * qyd * (l / 100)
0,606 * qzd * l / 100
Vbzsd =
Vbysd =
0,606 * qyd * l / 100
=
=
=
=
0,87 kN/m
3,48 kN/m
3,43 kN/m
0,60 kN/m
=
=
=
=
18,67 kNm
3,27 kNm
14,97 kN
2,62 kN
Check biaxial bending strength:

About Y-Y axis
1,04 * h * tw / 10
=
Av =
Av * fy / (M * (3) * 10)
=
Vpl,z,Rd =
=
Vbzsd / Vpl,z,Rd
Vbzsd / Vpl,z,Rd
=
No reduction in moment strength necessary due to shear.
Mpl,y,Rd=
W ply * fy / M / 10
=
11,65 cm
143,69 kN
0,10 < 1
0,10 < 0,5
About Z-Z axis

2 * bf * tf / 10
=
Av =
Av * fy / (M * (3) * 10)
=
Vpl,y,Rd =
=
Vbysd / Vpl,y,Rd
Vbysd / Vpl,y,Rd
=
No reduction in moment strength necessary due to shear
Mpl,z,Rd=
1,5 * W elz * fy / M / 10
=
Analysis:
as in 5.35: for I- and H- sections:
=
=
Or else: 5.4.8.1 (11)
)+(M
(
)
ABS((Mbysd/(Mpl,y,Rd/10))(
bzsd/(Mpl,z,Rd/10)) )
Check flexural-torsional buckling strength:

iLT =
(Iz * I / W ply)0,25
Load is applied in top flange.
za =
zs =
za - zs
zg =
As in Table F.1.2, Werte interpoliert.
C1 =
C2 =
C3 =
For simply supported ends fixed ends k =
No measures taken toward bending kw =
4724,78 kNcm
17,00 cm
209,68 kN
0,01 < 1
0,01 < 0,5
913,30 kNcm
2,00
1,00
0,514 < 1
2,48 cm
10,00 cm
0,00 cm
10,00 cm
1,00
0,80
0,70
0,70
1,00
Euro-Code 3
hs =
(h - tf) / 10
=
5.5.2; Section class 1+2 w =
* (Es / fy)
=
1 =
Auxilliary value v =((k / kw)+1/20*(k*l/iLT/(h/tf))+(2*C2*zg/hs))
19,15 cm
1,00
93,91
= 4,92
LT =
k*l/iLT/((C1)0,5*(v0,5-2*C2*zg/hs)0,5)
LT / 1 * (
w)
trans,LT =
Apply strut curve a:
As in Table 5.5.1 =
0,21
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans,LT-0,2) + trans,LT)
=
=
172,83
1,840
2,37
LT =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT)0,5)
No longitudinal forces kz =
No longitudinal forces kLT =
0,26
1,00
1,00
kLT * Mbysd / (
LT * Mpl,y,Rd / 10) + kz * Mbzsd / (Mpl,z,Rd/ 10)
= 1,88 < 1
Section is not adequate: Restrain section in quarterly points:

l=
l/4
=
180,00 cm
Auxilliary value v =((k/kw)+1/20*(k*l/iLT/(h/tf))+(2*C2*zg/hs))
= 1,42
k*l/iLT/((C1)0,5*(v0,5-2*C2*zg/hs)0,5)
LT =
LT / 1 * (
w)
trans,LT =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
LT =
1 / (
+ (
-
trans,LT)0,5)
=
=
85,14
0,907
0,99
0,72
LT * Mpl,y,Rd / 10) + kz * Mbzsd / (Mpl,z,Rd/ 10)

kLT * Mbysd / (
= 0,91 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 foot and support
foot and support

Concentrated point load of a beam in another beam:
Design loads and properties

Psd =
Msd1=
Msd2=
68,00 kN
70,00 kNm
-22,00 kNm
Top beam (IPE180)

Profil TypO =
Selected ProfilO =
SEL("steel/"TypO; Name; )
=
=
Web thickness so =
Flange thickness to =
Radius ro =
Flange width bo =
Web depth ho=
Web depth h1o=
W elo =
TAB("steel/"TypO; s; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; t; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; r; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; b; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; h; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; h1; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; W y; Name=ProfilO)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
5,30 mm
8,00 mm
9,00 mm
91,00 mm
180,00 mm
146,00 mm
146,00 cm
W plo =
1,14 * W elo
166,44 cm3
Iyo=
TAB("steel/"TypO; Iy; Name=ProfilO)
1320,00 cm4
Bottom beam (HEA200)

Profil TypO =
Selected ProfilO =
SEL("steel/"TypO; Name; )
=
=
Web thickness of beam su =

Flange thickness tu =
Radius ru =
Flange width bu =
Web depth hu=
Web depth h1u=
W elu =
TAB("steel/"TypO; s; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; t; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; r; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; b; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; h; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; h1; Name=ProfilO)
TAB("steel/"TypO; W y; Name=ProfilO)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
6,50 mm
10,00 mm
18,00 mm
200,00 mm
190,00 mm
134,00 mm
389,00 cm
W plu =
1,14 * W elu
443,46 cm3
Iyu=
TAB("steel/"TypO; Iy; Name=ProfilO)
3690,00 cm4
IPE
IPE 180
HEA
HEA 200
Euro-Code 3

steel =
Es =
G=
fy =
=
M =
1 =
fyd=
(235 / fy)
=
Fe 360
= 210000,00 N/mm
= 81000,00 N/mm
=
235,00 N/mm
=
1,00
1,10
=
93,90
=
213,64 kN/cm
93,90 *
fy/M
Limit plastic bearing:

Stiff bearing length of top, bottom beam:
so + 2 * to + 4 * ro * (1 - (2) / 2)
ss1 =
f,Ed1 = 100 * Msd1 / W elu
bf1 =
tu * 25
bf1 =
MIN(bf1; bu)
=
=
=
=
31,84 mm
17,99 kN/cm
250,00 mm
200,00 mm
=
=
59,83 mm
127,30 kN
Stiff bearing length of bottom beam:

ss2 =
su + 2 * tu + 4 * ru * (1 - (2) / 2)
f,Ed2 = 100 * Msd2 / W elo
to * 25
bf =
MIN(bf; bo)
bf2 =
=
=
=
=
47,59 mm
-15,07 kN/cm
200,00 mm
91,00 mm
sy2 =
2 * to * (bo / so)0,5 * ( 1 - (M * f,Ed2 / fy * 10))0,5
Ry,Rd2 = (ss2 + sy2) * so * fy / M / 10
=
=
46,99 mm
107,09 kN
2 * tu * (bu / su)0,5 * (1 - (M * f,Ed1 / fy * 10 ))0,5

sy1 =
Ry,Rd1 = (ss1 + sy1) * su * fy / M / 10
Psd / Ry,Rd1
Psd / Ry,Rd2
0,53 < 1
0,63 < 1
Check web crushing:

Bottom beam:
m1 =
ss1 / h1u
m2 =
mu =
MIN(m1; m2)
Ra,Rd1 = 0,5 * su * (Es *
Psd / Ra,Rd1
=
=
fy)0,5 *
((tu / su)0,5 +
=
Mc,Rd1 = W plu * fy / M / 10
Msd1 / Mc,Rd1
3 *(su / tu) * mu) / M / 10 =

0,31 < 1
219,95 kN
=
=
94,74 kNm
0,74 < 1
Top beam:
ss2 / h1o
m1 =
m2 =
mo =
MIN(m1; m2)
Ra,Rd2 = 0,5 * so * (Es *
Psd / Ra,Rd2
0,238
0,200
0,200
=
=
fy)0,5 *
Mc,Rd2 = W plo * fy / M / 10
ABS(Msd2) / Mc,Rd2
((to / so)0,5 +
=
3 * (so / to) * mo) / M / 10 =

0,47 < 1
=
0,62 < 1
0,326
0,200
0,200
145,85 kN
35,56 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Check web buckling for whole web:

Bottom beam:
Effective web width beff2 =
Effective web area A2 =
Moment of inertia I2 =
(hu + ss1)0,5
beff2 * su / 100
=
=
beff2 / 10 * (su / 10) / 12
0,441 cm4
=
=
0,188 cm
1,076
0,49
1,294
0,4968
Radius of gyration i2 =
(I2 / A2)0,5
Effective slenderness trans2 =
hu / (i2 * 1 * 10)
Apply strut curve c:
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans2 - 0,2) + trans2)
2 =
1 / (
+ (
- trans2)0,5)
Rb,Rd2 = 2 * A2 * fy / 10 / M
Psd / Rb,Rd2
192,65 mm
12,52 cm
132,88 kN
182,79 mm
9,69 cm
0,51 < 1
Top beam:
Effective web width beff1 =
Effective web area A1 =
(ho + ss1)0,5
beff1 * so / 100
=
=
beff1 / 10 * (so / 10) / 12
0,227 cm4
Radius of gyration i1 =
(I1 / A1)0,5
ho / (i1 * 1 * 10)
Effective slenderness trans1 =
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
trans1 - 0,2) + trans1)
=
=
0,153 cm
1,253
0,49
1,543
1 =
1 / (
+ (
- trans1)0,5)
Rb,Rd1 = 1 * A1 * fy / 10 / M
=
=
0,4093
84,73 kN
Check web yield at load points:

Bottom beam:
x,Ed2 = Msd1* 10 * (hu / 2 - tu) / Iyu
z,Ed2 = 10 * Psd / ((ss1 + 2 * tu) * su)
=
=
161,25 kN/cm
201,80 kN/cm
z,Ed2 / fyd) - (
x,Ed2 / fyd)*(
z,Ed2 / fyd) =
(
x,Ed2 / fyd) + (
0,75 < 1
Top beam:
x,Ed1 = -Msd2 * 10 * (ho / 2 - to) / Iyo
z,Ed1 = 10 * Psd / ((ss2 + 2 * to) * so)
=
=
136,67 kN/cm
201,76 kN/cm
z,Ed1 / fyd) - (
x,Ed1 / fyd) * (
z,Ed1 / fyd)
(
x,Ed1 / fyd) + (
0,70 < 1
Psd / Rb,Rd1
0,80 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Column base subject to compression und bending:
Msd
Nsd
l
d
e1
p
e1
b
e

Distance to edge of baseplate e =
Distance to edge of baseplate e1 =
45,00 mm
100,00 mm
Spacing of bolts p =
Width of baseplate b =
Length of baseplate a =
Plate thickness d =
Projection of plate l =
Weld thickness aw =
300,00 mm
500,00 mm
500,00 mm
30,00 mm
100,00 mm
10,00 mm
Projection of pad footing ar =

Depth of pad footing h =
as in L.3 (idR) Bearing plane factor j = 2/3
1000,00 mm
=
1400,00 mm
0,67
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Moment of inertia Iy1 = TAB("steel/"Typ; Iy; Name=Profil)
=
=
=
HEB
HEB 300
25170,00 cm4
Flange width bf =
300,00 mm
Flange thickness tf =
19,00 mm
Column height ht =
300,00 mm
Mpl,y,Rd =
Npl,Rd =
TAB("steel/"Typ; Mplyd; Name=Profil)
418,00 kNm
TAB("steel/"Typ; Npld; Name=Profil)
Loads:
Nsd =
Msd =
1000,00 kN
221,75 kNm
3250,00 kN
Euro-Code 3

Es =
fy =
=
=
=
Fe 430
210000,00 N/mm
275,00 N/mm
Concrete = SEL("Concrete/EC"; Name; )

fck =
TAB("Concrete/EC"; fck; Name=Concrete)
=
=
C30/37
30,00 N/mm
SC =
Bolt =
fu =
As =
=
=
=
=
4.6
M 24
400,00 N/mm
3,53 cm
Mb=
c=
1,25
1,50
M0=
1,10
Design:
m=
l - e - 0,8 * aw * (2)
43,69 mm
leff1a =
leff1b =
MIN(4 * m + 1,25 * e; 2 * m + 0,625 * e + e1)
215,51 mm
MIN(2 * m + 0,625 * e + 0,5 * p; e1 + 0,5 * p; b / 2)
250,00 mm
leff1 =
leff2a =
MIN(leff1a; leff1b)
MIN( * 2 * m; * m + 2 * e1)
215,51 mm
274,51 mm
leff2b =
leff =
MIN( * m + p; p + 2 * e1)
437,26 mm
MIN(leff2a; leff2b; leff1)
215,51 mm
=
=
=
=
12,12*103 kNmm
45,00 mm
0,82 < 1
101,66 kN
Maximum stress of base plate at the centre of tension bolt:

Mpl,1,Rd = 0,25 * leff * (d / 10) * fy / 10/ M0
n=
e
n / (1,25 * m)
Bt,Rd =
0,9 * fu * As / 10 / Mb
Full flange yield:
FT,Rd1 = 4 * Mpl,1,Rd / m
1109,64 kN
Bolt failure with flange yielding:

FT,Rd2 = (2 * Mpl,1,Rd + n * 2 * Bt,Rd ) / ( m + n )
Bolt failure without flange yielding:
FT,Rd3 = 2 * Bt,Rd
376,47 kN
203,32 kN
FT,Rd =
203,32 kN
1900,00 mm
3,80
fj =
(a1 / (a * b))0,5
j * kj * fck / c
Aeff =
10 * (Nsd + FT,Rd) / fj
236,32 cm
c=
x0 =
d * (fy *10/ ( 3 * fj * M0 ))0,5

100 * Aeff / ( 2 * c + bf)
=
=
121,36 mm
43,54 mm
MIN(FT,Rd1; FT,Rd2; FT,Rd3)
Effective compression area:

Limit pressure in the base plate:
a1 =
MIN(a + 2 * ar; 5 * a; a + h)
kj =
x0 /(tf + 2 * c)
0,17 < 1
50,92 N/mm
Euro-Code 3
Limit moment at column base:

rc =
ht / 2 + c - x0 / 2
MRd =
(FT,Rd * 10 *(ht/2 + 100 - e) + Aeff * 100 * fj * rc) / 106 =
Check permissible strength of column to bending and compression.:

MNy,Rd = 1,1 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1- Nsd / Npl,Rd)
Analysis:
Msd / MIN(MNy,Rd; MRd)
0,70 < 1
249,59 mm
342,02 kNm
318,32 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames
Frames
Sway frame with bracing out of plane of frame, plastic theory:
qd

Frame width l =
Frame depth h =
Number of column nc =
Number of storeys ns =
8,00 m
6,00 m
2
1
Beam:
Profil Typ1 =
Selected Profil1=
Column height h1 =
Web thickness s1 =
SEL("steel/"Typ1; Name; )
TAB("steel/"Typ1; h; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/"Typ1; s; Name=Profil1)
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 240
240,00 mm
6,20 mm
Moment of inertia Iy1 =

Cross-sectional area A1=
Moment of resistance W y1=
Moment of resistance Wply1=
TAB("steel/"Typ1; Iy; Name=Profil1)

TAB("steel/"Typ1; A; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/"Typ1; Wy; Name=Profil1)
1,14 * W y1
=
=
=
=
3890,00 cm4
39,10 cm
324,00 cm
369,36 cm
Column section:
Profil Typ2 =
Selected Profil2 =
Flange width b2 =
Column height h2 =
Web thickness s2 =
TAB("steel/"Typ2; b; Name=Profil2)
=
=
=
=
=
HEB
HEB 240
240,00 mm
240,00 mm
10,00 mm
11260,00 cm4
Moment of inertia Iz2 =
TAB("steel/"Typ2; Iz; Name=Profil2)
3920,00 cm4
Moment of inertia It2 =

TAB("steel/"Typ2; IT; Name=Profil2)

10*TAB("steel/"Typ2; I
; Name=Profil2)
=
103,00 cm4
=486900,00
TAB("steel/"Typ2; iy; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/"Typ2; iz; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/"Typ2;Wy; Name=Profil2)
1,25 * W ely2
=
=
=
=
=
cm6
iy =
iz =
Moment of resistance W ely2 =
Moment of resistance W ply2 =
Loads:
Hd =
9,00 kN
qd =
9,00 kN/m
106,000 cm
10,30 cm
6,08 cm
938,00 cm
1172,50 cm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames

Es =
G=
fy =
=
(235 / fy)
M =
93,90 *
1 =
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
1,10
93,90
Frame classification as in 5.2.5.2.:

Frame sways
k=
Iy1 / Iy2 * h / l
=
0,259
Deflection at top of frame due to horizontal load:
H=
1,00 kN
=
=
(100 * h) / (1,2 * Es * Iy2) * (2 * k + 1) / k * H
Sumtotal of vertical loads:
V=
qd * l
72,00 kN
Bracing is restrained out of plane of frame

/ (h * 100) * V / H
=
0,054 < 0,1
Sway frame, plastic theory, restrained from moving out of plane.
Design with plastic theory
Imperfection:
0 =
1 / 200
0,005
1,00
kc =
MIN(
(0,5 + 1 / nc); 1)
ks =
=
MIN(
(0,2 + 1 / ns); 1)
1,00
0,0050
Hd =
0 * k c * k s
*V
0,36 kN
Hsd =
Hd + Hd
9,36 kN
Reactions at column bases:
Hl =
qd * l / (4 * h * (2 * k + 3))
6,82 kN
Vl =
MBl =
qd * l / 2
-Hl * h
36,00 kN
-40,92 kNm
H2 =
Hsd / 2
4,68 kN
V2 =
MB2 =
Hsd * h / l
H2 * h
7,02 kN
28,08 kNm
43,02 kN
Analysis of column
Nsd =
Vl + V2
Vsd =
MD =
MC =
Hl + H2
11,50 kN
MBl - MB2
-69,00 kNm
0,00 kNm
0,446 cm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames
Buckling in the plane of frame as in section E:

kc =
Iy2 / h / 100
k1 =
1,5 * Iy1 / l / 100
18,77 cm
7,29 cm
k2 =
0,0
2 =
1 =
1 (Hinge)
kc / (kc + k1 + k2)
Slenderness ratio as in Fig. E.2.1.:
l=
3,2 * h
y =
100 * l / iy
trans,y = y / (
1 * )
h2 / b2
0,72
=
=
19,20 m
186,41
1,99
1,00 < 1,2
Apply strut curve b:

=
A =
0,34
1,000
0,5 * (1 + * (
2,784
y =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,y)0,5)
0,2114
Buckling outside the plane of frame

z =
100 * h / iz
98,68
trans,z = z / (
1 * )
=
A =
1,05
0,5 * (1 + * (
1,260
z =
min =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
0,5111
MIN(
y; z)
0,2114

=
My =
1,8 - 0,7 *
0,00
1,80
y =
ky =
0,49
1,000
trans,y * (2 * My - 4) + (W ply2 - W ely2) / W ely2 =

1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * A2 * fy)
=
-0,546 < 0,9

1,004 < 1,5
Nsd / (
min*A2*fy/10/M) + 10*ky*ABS(MD) / (W ply2*fy/M) = 0,37 < 1
C1 =
1,879
*Es*Iz2))0,5) = 94241,31 kNcm
Mcr = (C1*
*Es*Iz2/(h*100)/10*(I2/Iz2+((h*100)*G*It2)/(
As in Table: F.1.1
=
0,00
1,00
w =
k=
LT =
(
* Es/10 * W ply2 / Mcr)
trans,LT = LT / 1 * (
w)
1,00
= 50,78
=
0,541
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames
Apply strut curve a

=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
LT =
M,LT =
LT =
kLT =
0,21
0,682
0,9114
1,8 - 0,7 *
1,80
0,15 * trans,z * M,LT - 0,15
0,134 < 0,9
1 - (
LT * Nsd) / (
LT * A2 * fy)
1,000 < 1,5
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT)0,5)
Nsd/(
z*A2*fy/10/M)+10*kLT*ABS(MD)/(
LT*W ply2*fy/M) = 0,339 < 1
Section analysis at D:
Column:
Av =
Vpl,Rd =
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
No interaction
Npl,Rd =
n=
Mpl,y,Rd =
MNy,Rd =
1,04 * h2 * s2 / 10
Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
=
=
0,037 < 0,5
A2 * fy / 10 / M
Nsd / Npl,Rd
24,96 cm
307,86 kN
2264,55 kN
0,02
W ply2 * fy / (M * 10)
250,49 kNm
1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
272,48 kNm
15,48 cm
ABS(MD) / MIN(Mpl,y,Rd; MNy,Rd)
0,28 < 1
Beam:
Av =
Vpl,Rd =
Nsd / Vpl,Rd
No interaction
Npl,Rd =
n=
Mpl,y,Rd =
MNy,Rd =
1,04 * h1 * s1 / 10
Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
=
=
0,225 < 0,5
190,93 kN
A1 * fy / 10 / M
Vsd / Npl,Rd
835,32 kN
0,014
W ply1 * fy / (M * 10)
78,91 kNm
1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
86,36 kNm
0,87 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames
Frame, plastic with magnifying factor

qd
Pd
Hd
Pd
D
l
Frame width l=
Frame depth h=
Number of column nc=
Number of storeys ns=
8,00 m
6,00 m
2
1
Beam:
Profil Typ1 =
Selected Profil1=
Column height h1 =
Flange thickness s1 =
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 240
240,00 mm
6,20 mm


1,14 * W y1
=
=
=
=
3890,00 cm4
39,10 cm
324,00 cm
369,36 cm
Column section:
Profil Typ2 =
Selected Profil2 =
Flange width b2 =
Column height h2 =
Flange thickness s2 =
=
=
=
=
=
HEB
HEB 240
240,00 mm
240,00 mm
10,00 mm
11260,00 cm4
3920,00 cm4
103,00 cm4
iy =
iz =
; Name=Profil2)
1,25 * W ely2
=
=
=
=
=
=
Loads:
Hd =
qd =
Pd=
9,00 kN
8,00 kN/m
100,00 kN
486900,00 cm6
106,000 cm
10,30 cm
6,08 cm
938,00 cm
1172,50 cm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames

Es =
G=
fy =
=
(235 / fy)
M =
93,90 *
1 =
=
=
=
=
=

Frame sways
Classification of stiffness:
k=
Iy1 / Iy2 * h / l
H=
=
(100 * h) / (1,2 * Es * Iy2) * (2 * k + 1 ) / k *H
V=
Pd * 2 + qd * l
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
1,10
93,90
0,259
1,00 kN
0,446 cm
264,00 kN
/ (h * 100) * V / H
=
0,196 > 0,1
Frame, laterally unrestrained!;restrained from moving out of plane. mit Vergrerungsfaktor!
Design with plastic theory and magnifying factor
Imperfection:
1 / 200
0 =
kc =
MIN(
(0,5 + 1 / nc); 1)
ks =
MIN(
(0,2 + 1 / ns); 1)
=
0 * kc * k s
Hd =
*V
Hsd =
Hd + Hd
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,005
1,00
1,00
0,0050
1,32 kN
10,32 kN
Hl =
qd * l / (4 * h * (2 * k + 3))
qd * l / 2
Vl =
MBl =
-Hl * h
H2 =
Hsd / 2
Hsd * h / l
V2 =
MB2 =
H2 * h
=
=
=
=
=
=
6,06 kN
32,00 kN
-36,36 kNm
5,16 kN
7,74 kN
30,96 kNm
Analysis of column
Dischinger factor:
D=
1 / (1 - (
/ (h * 100) * V / H))
MBl - D * MB2
MD =
Nsd =
Vl + D * V2 + Pd
Vsd =
Hl + D * H 2
=
=
=
=
1,244
-74,87 kNm
141,63 kN
12,48 kN
Buckling in the plane of frame:

Iy2 / h / 100
kc =
Iy1 / l / 100
k1 =
k2 =
2 =
kc / (kc + k1 + k2)
1 =
=
=
18,77 cm
4,86 cm
0,0
1 (Hinge)
0,79
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames

l=
0,92 * h
=
100 * l / iy
=
y =
=
trans,y = y / (
1 * )
=
h2 / b2
=
A =
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
y =
1 / (
+ (
-
5,52 m
53,59
0,57
1,00 < 1,2
trans,y)0,5)

z =
100 * h / iz
trans,z = z / (
1 * )
=
A =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
1 / (
+ (
- trans,z)0,5)
z =
MIN(
min =
y; z)
=
My = 1,8 - 0,7 *
y =
trans,y * (2 * My - 4) + (W ply2 - W ely2) / W ely2
ky =
1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * A2 * fy)
0,34
1,000
0,725
0,8525
=
=
98,68
1,05
0,49
1,000
1,260
=
=
0,5111
0,5111
=
=
=
0,00
1,80
0,022 < 0,9
1,000 < 1,5
min*A2*fy/10/M) + 10*ky*ABS(MD) / (W ply2*fy/M)

Nsd / (
0,42 < 1

C1 =
1,879
(C1*
*Es*Iz2/(h*100)/10*(I2/Iz2+((h*100)*G*It2)/(
*Es*Iz2))0,5)
Mcr =
As in Table: F.1.1
=
w =
k=
(
* Es / 10 * W ply2 / Mcr)
LT =
w)
trans,LT =
LT / 1 * (
Apply strut curve a
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
LT =
M,LT =
LT =
kLT =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT)0,5)
1,8 - 0,7 *
0,15 * trans,z * M,LT - 0,15
1 - (
LT * Nsd) / (
LT * A2 * fy)
= 94241,31 kNcm
=
=
0,00
1,00
1,00
50,78
0,541
0,21
0,682
=
=
=
=
0,9114
1,80
0,134 < 0,9
0,999 < 1,5
z*A2*fy/10/M) + 10*kLT*ABS(MD) / (
LT*W ply2*fy/M)
Nsd / (
0,450 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Column:
Av =
Vpl,Rd =
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
Folder: _EC3 Frames
1,04 * h2 * s2 / 10
=
Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
=
=
0,041 < 0,5
No interaction
A2 * fy / 10 / M
Npl,Rd =
n=
Nsd / Npl,Rd
W ply2 * fy / (M * 10)
Mpl,y,Rd =
MNy,Rd =
1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
=
0,30 < 1
Beam:
Av =
Vpl,Rd =
Nsd / Vpl,Rd
=
=
=
=
1,04 * h1 * s1 / 10
=
Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
=
=
0,742 < 0,5
No interaction
A1 * fy / 10 / M
Npl,Rd =
n=
Vsd / Npl,Rd
W ply1 * fy / (M * 10)
Mpl,y,Rd =
1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
MNy,Rd =
=
0,95 < 1
=
=
=
=
24,96 cm
307,86 kN
2264,55 kN
0,063
250,49 kNm
260,53 kNm
15,48 cm
190,93 kN
835,32 kN
0,015
78,91 kNm
86,28 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames
Sway frame with bracing out of plane of frame, plastic theory:

qd

Frame width l=
Frame depth h=
Number of column nc=
Number of storeys ns=
8,00 m
6,00 m
2
1
Beam:
Profil Typ1 =
Selected Profil1=
Column height h1 =
Web thickness s1 =
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 240
240,00 mm
6,20 mm


1,14 * W y1
=
=
=
=
3890,00 cm4
39,10 cm
324,00 cm
369,36 cm
Column section:
Profil Typ2 =
Selected Profil2 =
Flange width b2 =
Column height h2 =
Web thickness s2 =
=
=
=
=
=
HEB
HEB 240
240,00 mm
240,00 mm
10,00 mm
11260,00 cm4
3920,00 cm4
103,00 cm4
; Name=Profil2)
=486900,00
1,25 * W ely2
=
=
=
=
=
cm6
iy =
iz =
Loads:
Hd =
qd =
9,00 kN
9,00 kN/m
106,000 cm
10,30 cm
6,08 cm
938,00 cm
1172,50 cm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames

Es =
G=
fy =
=
(235 / fy)
M =
93,90 *
1 =
=
=
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
1,10
93,90

Frame sways
=
k=
Iy1 / Iy2 * h / l
H=
=
(100*h) *10 / (12*Es*Iy2) * (2*k+1) / k*H
=
V=
qd * l
=
/ (h * 100) * V / H
=
Sway frame, plastic theory;restrained from moving out of plane.
0,259
1,00 kN
0,446 cm
72,00 kN
Design with plastic theory and magnifying factor

Imperfection:
1 / 200
0 =
kc =
MIN(
(0,5 + 1 / nc); 1)
ks =
MIN(
(0,2 + 1 / ns); 1)
=
0 * kc * k s
Hd =
*V
Hsd =
Hd + Hd
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,005
1,00
1,00
0,0050
0,36 kN
9,36 kN
Hl =
qd * l / (4 * h * (2 * k + 3))
qd * l / 2
Vl =
MBl =
-Hl * h
H2 =
Hsd / 2
Hsd * h / l
V2 =
MB2 =
H2 * h
=
=
=
=
=
=
6,82 kN
36,00 kN
-40,92 kNm
4,68 kN
7,02 kN
28,08 kNm
=
=
43,02 kN
11,50 kN
=
=
1,057
-70,60 kNm
=
=
18,77 cm
4,86 cm
0,0
1 (Hinge)
0,79
Analysis of column
Vl + V2
Nsd =
Vsd =
Hl + H2
Dischinger factor:
D=
1 / (1 - (
/ (h * 100) * V / H))
MBl - D * MB2
MD =
Iy2 / h / 100
kc =
Iy1 / l / 100
k1 =
k2 =
2 =
kc / (kc + k1 + k2)
1 =
0,0535 < 0,1
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Frames

l=
0,92 * h
100 * l / iy
y =
trans,y = y / (
1 * )
h2 / b2
=
A =
0,5*(1+
=
*(
trans,y-0,2)+
trans,y)
1/(
+(
-
trans,y)0,5)
y=
z=
100*h/iz
trans,z= z/(
1*)
=
A =
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
z =
min =
1 / (
+ (
MIN(
y; z)
trans,z)0,5)
=
=
=
=
5,52 m
53,59
0,57
1,00 < 1,2
0,34
1,000
0,725
0,8525
=
=
98,68
1,05
0,49
1,000
1,260
=
=
0,5111
0,5111

=
0,00
My =
1,8 - 0,7 *
y =
trans,y * (2 * My - 4) + (W ply2 - W ely2) / W ely2
ky =
1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * A2 * fy)
=
=
=
min * A2 * fy / 10 / M) + 100 * ky * ABS(MD) / (W ply2 * fy / 10 / M)

Nsd / (
1,80
0,022 < 0,9
1,000 < 1,5
=
0,32 < 1

C1 =
1,879
*Es*Iz2))0,5) = 94241,31 kNcm
Mcr = (C1*
*Es*Iz2 / (h*100)/10*(I2/Iz2+((h*100)*G*It2)/(
As in Table: F.1.1
=
0,00
1,00
w =
k=
1,00
LT =
(
* Es / 10 * W ply2 / Mcr)
=
50,78
trans,LT =
LT / 1 * (
w)
=
0,541
Apply strut curve a
=
0,21
=
0,682
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
LT =
M,LT =
LT =
kLT =
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT)0,5)
1,8 - 0,7 *
0,15 * trans,z * M,LT - 0,15
1 - (
LT * Nsd) / (
LT * A2 * fy)
=
=
=
=
Nsd / (
z * A2 * fy/10 / M) + 100 * kLT * ABS(MD) / (
LT * W ply2 * fy/10 / M)
0,9114
1,80
0,134 < 0,9
1,000 < 1,5
=
0,346 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Column:
Av =
1,04 * h2 * s2 / 10
Vpl,Rd = Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
Folder: _EC3 Frames
=
=
0,037 < 0,5
No interaction
Npl,Rd = A2 * fy / 10 / M
n=
Nsd / Npl,Rd
Mpl,y,Rd = W ply2 * fy / (M * 10)
MNy,Rd = 1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
Beam:
Av =
1,04 * h1 * s1 / 10
Vpl,Rd = Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M
Nsd / Vpl,Rd
=
=
=
=
=
0,28 < 1
=
=
0,225 < 0,5
No interaction
Npl,Rd = A1 * fy / 10 / M
n=
Vsd / Npl,Rd
Mpl,y,Rd = W ply1 * fy / (M * 10)
MNy,Rd = 1,11 * Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n)
=
=
=
=
=
0,89 < 1
24,96 cm
307,86 kN
2264,55 kN
0,02
250,49 kNm
272,48 kNm
15,48 cm
190,93 kN
835,32 kN
0,014
78,91 kNm
86,36 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Single-span beam
Single-span beam
Pos.: Flexural-torsional buckling of a single-span beam:
End supports are laterally fixed.
bo
to
q
s
Nt,Sd
Load diagram:
Span length l =
top width bo=
bottom width bu=
Depth of web h=
top Flange thickness to=
bottom Flange thickness tu=
Web thickness s=
Weld thickness ts=
Loads:
q=
Section classification as in Table 5.3.1:

A=
(bo * to + bu * tu + h * s)
Plastic neutral axis:
x=
(A / 2 - (bo * to)) / s
h-x
xs =
Flange:
c=
((bo - s) / 2 - ts * (2)) / to
c / (9 * )
Section class 1
Web:
=
x/h
h / s / (456 * / (13 * - 1))
h / s / (396 * / (13 * - 1))
Section class 2
tu
24,00 m
40,00 cm
50,00 cm
100,00 cm
3,50 cm
3,50 cm
2,00 cm
1,00 cm
4,04 kN/m

Es=
G=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
g=
ts
bu
=
=
=
=
Fe 510
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
355,00 N/mm
0,81
1,10
1,35
515,00 cm
=
=
58,75 cm
41,25 cm
5,02 cm
0,69 < 1
=
=
=
0,59 cm
0,90 < 1
1,04 > 1
Euro-Code 3
Check bending moment strength:

Msd=
g * q * l / 8
Critical torsional-buckling moment:
Iz=
to * bo / 12 + tu * bu / 12
As in Table: F.1.2(2)
k=
As in Table: F.1.1(4)
kw=
As in Table: F.1.2
C1=
C2=
C3=
e=
(bu * tu * (h + to) + h * s * (h + to) / 2) / A
(h + (to + tu) / 2) * (bu / (bo + bu))
ss=
-(ss - e)
zs=
392,69 kNm
= 55125,00 cm4
1,00
1,00
1,132
0,459
0,525
It=
1/3 * (bu * tu + bo * to + h * s)
za=
zg=
za-zs
as in F 1.4:
f=
bo / (bo + bu)
zj=
(2 * f - 1) * (h + (to + tu) / 2) / 2
55,27 cm
=
=
68,45 cm
-13,18 cm
1552,92 cm4
0,00 cm
13,18 cm
=
=
=
0,339 < 0,5

-16,66 cm
132,32*106 cm6
Iw=
f * (1 - f) * Iz * (h + (to + tu) / 2)
P1=
C1 * (
* Es * Iz / (k * l * 100))
= 22453,85
P2=
P3=
Mcr=
(k/kw)*(Iw/Iz+((k*l*100)*G*It)/(
*Es*Iz)+(C2*zg-C3*zj))0,5 =
C2 * zg - C3 * zj
=
P1 * (P2 - P3) / 10
=
94,66
14,80
1793,16 kNm
bu*tu*(xs+tu/2)+xs*s/2+bo*to*(x+to/2)+x*s/2
W pl =
Section class 2 w=
= 21148,13 cm
1,00
trans,LT= (
w * W pl * fy / (103 * Mcr))0,5
As in Table 5.5.1 =
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
2,046
0,49
3,05
LT=
1 / (
+ (
- trans,LT)0,5)
0,1883
Mb,Rd=
w*
LT*W pl*fy/10/(M*10)
1168,33 kNm
Msd/Mb,Rd
0,34 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: Single-span beam with biaxial bending:

q
q sd
Nt,Sd
Span length l =
Angle of slope =
5,80 m
8,53
Loads:
qsd=
Nt,sd=
7,00 kN/m
100,00 kN

Es=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Depth of web h1 =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
Cross-sectional area A=
W ely=
W ply =
W elz=
W plz =
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
1,14
1,25
1,10
=
HEA
= HEA 140
ply * W ely
plz * W elz
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
Design loads:
Plastic limit force:
Npl,Rd=
A * fy / M / 10
Limit force that plasticizes the web
Npl,w,Rd=
(h - 2 * t) * s * fy / M / 10
Nt,sd / MIN(0,5 * Npl,w,Rd; Npl,Rd / 4)
Reduce plastic limit force as in 5.4.8.1:
=
(A - 2 * b * t / 100 ) / A
=
Nt,sd / Npl,Rd
MNy,Rd=
((W ply * fy) / M * (1 - ) / (1 - 0,5 * )) / 10
/
W plz * fy / (M * 10)
MNz,Rd=
133,00 mm
92,00 mm
5,50 mm
140,00 mm
8,50 mm
1030,00 cm4
31,40 cm
155,00 cm
176,70 cm
55,60 cm
69,50 cm
670,82 kN
136,30 kN
1,47 > 1
=
=
=
=
=
0,242 < 0,5

0,149
36,55 kNm
0,62 < 1
14,85 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Design momente:
qsdy =
qsdz =
My,sd =
Mz,sd =
Check section strength:
for I-Profile gilt =
1=
2=
=
qsd * COS(
)
qsd * SIN(
)
=
=
6,92 kN/m
1,04 kN/m
qsdy * l / 8
qsdz * l / 8
=
=
29,10 kNm
4,37 kNm
5*
MAX(
1;
2)
) + (M
(My,sd / MNy,Rd )(
z,sd / MNz,Rd)
0,93 < 1
2,00
0,75 < 1
1,00
1,00
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: flexural-torsional buckling:

End supports are laterally fixed, load is applied in the middle of the bottom flange.
b
t
h
s
ts
l
Load diagram:
Span length l =
Beam width b=
Column height h=
Flange thickness t=
Web thickness s=
Weld thickness ts=
8,00 m
20,00 cm
50,00 cm
2,50 cm
1,20 cm
0,50 cm
Loads:
qsd =
50,00 kN/m

Es=
G=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
=
=
=
=
Fe 510
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
355,00 N/mm
0,81
1,10
Flange:
c=
(b/2-ts*
(2))/t
c/(9*)
Section class 1
Web:
d=
h-2*ts*
(2)
d/s/(72*)
Section class 1
W pl =
(b * t * (h + t) / 2 + (h / 2) * s * (h / 4)) * 2
Mc,Rd= (W pl * fy / M) / 10
Msd=
qsd * l / 8
Msd / Mc,Rd
0,37 < 1
3,72 cm
0,51 < 1
48,59 cm
0,69 < 1
3375,00 cm
1089,20 kNm
400,00 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Check shear strength:

Av=
h*s
Vpl,Rd= Av * (fy / (3)) / M / 10

Vsd=
qsd * l / 2
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
60,00 cm
1117,96 kN
200,00 kN
3333,33 cm4
0,18 < 1
Check torsional buckling strength:

Iz=
2 * t * b / 12
Iw=
Iz * (h + t) / 4
It=
1/3 * (2 * b * t + h * s)
As in Table F.1.2(2) k=
As in Table F.1.1(4) kw=
2,297*106 cm6
=
=
237,13 cm4
1,00
1,00
As in Table F.1.2 C1=
1,13
0,46
0,53
Load is applied in centroid of section za=
-27,50 cm
Centroid of section and shear centre are identical zs=

Section is symmetrical zj=
zg=
za-zs
Critical torsional-buckling moment
P1=
C1*(
*Es*Iz/(k*l*10))/10
0,00 cm
0,00 cm
= -27,50 cm
=
12,20
=
=
51,27
-12,65
Mcr=
P1*(P2-P3)
Cross-section class 1 w=
779,82 kNm
trans,LT= (
w*W pl*fy/Mcr/10)0,5
LT=
LT=
1,524
0,415
45201,99 kNcm
P2=
P3=
(k/kw)*(Iw/Iz+((k*l*100)*G*It)/(
*Es*Iz)+(C2*zg-C3*zj))0,5
C2*zg-C3*zj
1,00
0,49
0,5*(1+
LT*(
trans,LT-0,2)+
trans,LT)
0,5
LT=
1/(
LT+(
LT-
trans,LT) )
Mb,Rd= w*
LT*W pl*fy/M/10
Msd*100/Mb,Rd
1,240
0,88 < 1
Euro-Code 3

End supports are laterally fixed, Load is applied in centroid of section.
b
t
s
ts
Load diagram:
Span length l =
Beam width b=
Column height h=
Flange thickness t=
Web thickness s=
Weld thickness ts=
t
8,00 m
20,00 cm
50,00 cm
2,50 cm
1,20 cm
0,50 cm
Loads:
qsd =
45,00 kN/m

Es=
G=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
Fe 510
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
355,00 N/mm
0,81
1,10

Flange:
c=
(b/2-ts*
(2))/t
c/(9*)
Section class 1
Web:
d=
h-2*ts*
(2)
d/s/(72*)
Section class 1
W pl =
(b*t*(h+t)/2+(h/2)*s*(h/4))*2
Mc,Rd= (W pl*fy/M)/10
Msd=
qsd*l/8
Msd/Mc,Rd
=
=
=
=
0,33 < 1
3,72 cm
0,51 < 1
48,59 cm
0,69 < 1
3375,00 cm
1089,20 kNm
360,00 kNm
Euro-Code 3

Av=
h*s
Vpl,Rd= Av*(fy/
(3))/M/10
Vsd=
qsd*l/2
Vsd/Vpl,Rd
60,00 cm
1117,96 kN
180,00 kN
3333,33 cm4
0,16 < 1

Iz=
2 * t * b / 12
Iw=
Iz * (h + t) / 4
It=
1/3 * (2 * b * t + h * s)
=
=
2,297*106 cm6
237,13 cm4
1,00
1,00
1,13
0,46
0,53
Load in centroid za=
0,00 cm
0,00 cm

0,00 cm
Mcr= C1*(
*Es*Iz/(k*l*10))*((k/kw)*Iw/Iz+((k*l*10)*G*It)/(
*Es*Iz))0,5/10 =
trans,LT=
(
LT=
0,49
LT= 0,5*(1+
LT*(
trans,LT-0,2)+
trans,LT)
0,5
LT= 1/(
LT+(
LT-
trans,LT) )
Mb,Rd=
w*
LT*W pl*fy/M/10
Msd / Mb,Rd
1,406
1,784
0,347
=
0,95 < 1
606,05 kNm
1,00
377,95 kNm
Euro-Code 3

End supports are laterally fixed, Load is applied in centroid of section.
b
t
s
ts
Load diagram:
Span length l =
Beam width b=
Column height h=
Flange thickness t=
Web thickness s=
Weld thickness ts=
t
8,00 m
20,00 cm
50,00 cm
2,50 cm
1,20 cm
0,50 cm
Loads:
qsd =
36,00 kN/m

Es=
G=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
=
=
=
=
Fe 510
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
355,00 N/mm
0,81
1,10

Flange:
c=
(b/2-ts*
(2))/t
c/(9*)
Section class 1
Web:
d=
h-2*ts*
(2)
d/s/(72*)
Section class 1
3,72 cm
0,51 < 1
48,59 cm
0,69 < 1

W pl =
(b*t*(h+t)/2+(h/2)*s*(h/4))*2
Mc,Rd= (W pl*fy/M)/10
Msd=
qsd*l/8
Msd/Mc,Rd
0,26 < 1
3375,00 cm
1089,20 kNm
288,00 kNm
Euro-Code 3

Av=
h*s
Vpl,Rd= Av*(fy/
(3))/M/10
Vsd=
qsd*l/2
Vsd/Vpl,Rd
60,00 cm
1117,96 kN
144,00 kN
3333,33 cm4
0,13 < 1

Iz=
2 * t * b / 12
Iw=
Iz * (h + t) / 4
It=
1/3 * (2 * b * t + h * s)
2,297*106 cm6
=
=
237,13 cm4
1,00
1,00
1,13
0,46
0,53
Load in centroid za=
27,50 cm
0,00
cm
0,00 cm
zg=
za-zs
P1=
C1*(
*Es*Iz/(k*l*100))
=12198,18 < 1
(k/kw)*(Iw/Iz+((k*l*100)*G*It)/(
P2=
P3=
C2*zg-C3*zj
Mcr=
P1*(P2-P3)/10
27,50 cm
=
=
=
51,27 < 1
12,65
471,09 kNm
trans,LT= (
LT=
1,595 < 1
LT=
LT=
Mb,Rd=
Msd / Mb,Rd
1,00
0,49
0,5*(1+
LT*(
trans,LT-0,2)+
trans,LT)
1/(
LT+(
LT-
trans,LT)0,5)
w*
LT*W pl*fy/M/10
=
0,92 < 1
=
=
2,114
0,286
311,51 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: Single-span beam subject to flexural-torsional buckling with uniform load

and compression:
Nt,Sd
l
Load diagram:
Span length l =
top Flange width bo=
bottom Flange width bu=
Depth of web h=
top Flange thickness to=
bottom Flange thickness tu=
Web thickness s=
Weld thickness ts=
24,00 m
40,00 cm
50,00 cm
100,00 cm
3,50 cm
3,50 cm
2,00 cm
1,00 cm
Loads:
qsd =
Nt,sd=
18,00 kN/m
500,00 kN

Es=
G=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
M=
g=
Fe 510
210000,00 N/mm
81000,00 N/mm
355,00 N/mm
0,81
1,10
1,35
A=
(bo * to + bu * tu + h * s)
e=
(bu * tu * (h + to) + h * s * (h + to) / 2) / A
(h + (to + tu) / 2) * (bu / (bo + bu))
ss=
x=
(A / 2 - (bo * to)) / s
Flange:
c=
((bo - s) / 2 - ts * (2)) / to
c / (9 * )
Section class 1
Web:
=
x/h
h / s / (456 * / (13 * - 1))
h / s / (396 * / (13 * - 1))
Section class 2
=
=
=
=
515,00 cm
55,27 cm
68,45 cm
58,75 cm
5,02 cm
0,69 < 1
=
=
=
0,59 cm
0,90 < 1
1,04 > 1
Euro-Code 3

Msd = qsd * l / 8
Iz =
to * bo / 12 + tu * bu / 12
=
=
1296,00 kNm
55125,00 cm4
Iy =
bo*to*e+bu*tu*(h+tu-e)+s*h/12+h*s*(e-(h/2+tu/2)) = 1003886,210 cm4
W com = Iy / (e + to / 2)
= 17605,86 cm
Effective bending moment:
Msd =
Assumption as in 5.5.3 vec =
com,Ed =
Meff,sd =
As in TableF.1.2(2) k =
As in TableF.1.1(4) kw =
As in Table: F.1.2
C1 =
C2 =
C3 =
-(ss - e)
zs =
qsd * l / 8
Msd * 100 / W com - vec * Nt,sd / A

W com * com,Ed / 100
=
=
1296,00 kNm
0,80
6,58 kN/cm
1158,47 kNm
1,00
1,00
1,132
0,459
0,525
-13,18 cm
1552,92 cm4
0,00 cm
13,18 cm
0,339 < 0,5
-16,66 cm
It =
za =
zg =
f =
zj =
1/3 * (bu * tu + bo * to + h * s)
za - zs
bo / (bo + bu)
(2 * f - 1) * (h + (to + tu) / 2) / 2
=
=
=
Iw =
f*(1-
f)*Iz*(h+(to+tu)/2)
P1=
C1*(
*Es*Iz/(k*l*103))/10
22,45 kNm
P2=
P3=
(k/kw)*(Iw/Iz+((k*l*100)*G*It)/(
C2*zg-C3*zj
=
=
94,66
14,80
Mcr=
P1*(P2-P3)
0,1323*109 cm6
1792,86 kNm
bu*tu*(x+tu/2)+x*s/2+bo*to*(h-x+to/2)+(h-x)*s/2
W pl =
Section class 2 w=
trans,LT=
(
w*W pl*fy/(Mcr*10))0,5
As in Table 5.5.1 =
=
0,5*(1+
*(
trans,LT-0,2)+
trans,LT)
0,5
1/(
+(
-
trans,LT) )
LT=
Mb,Rd= w*
LT*W pl*fy/(M*10)/10
2,076
0,49
3,11
Meff,sd/Mb,Rd
=
=
0,98 < 1
21760,63 cm
1,00
0,1843
1176,63 kNm
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: Single-span beam with cantilever, asymmetric section:

bo
to
qk
ts
lk
Span length l =
Cantilever length lk=
top Flange width bo =
bottom Flange width bu =
top Flange thickness to =
bottom Flange thickness tu =
Depth of web h =
Web thickness s =
Weld thickness ts =
10,50 m
5,00 m
50,00 cm
30,00 cm
2,00 cm
2,00 cm
60,00 cm
1,50 cm
0,80 cm
Dead weight g =
Live load q =
Snow load s0 =
26,00 kN/m
37,70 kN/m
7,00 kN/m
bu
tu
Loads:

Es=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
fg=
fq=
1,35
1,50
=
M=
0,90
1,10
Design loads:
qd1=
qd2=
qd=
Msdk=
Bv=
Br=
Bl=
Av=
Msdfeld=
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
fg * g + fq * q
fg * g + * fq * (q + s0)
MAX(qd1; qd2)
=
=
=
91,65 kN/m
95,44 kN/m
95,44 kN/m
-qd * lk / 2
(l + lk) / 2 * qd / l
qd * lk
Bv - Br
(l + lk) * qd - Bv
Av * (Av / qd / 2)
=
=
=
=
=
=
-1193,00 kNm
1091,88 kN
477,20 kN
614,68 kN
387,44 kN
786,41 kNm
Euro-Code 3

A=
(bo * to + bu * tu + h * s)
x=
(A / 2 - (bo * to)) / s
W pl =
(bo*to*(x+to/2)+0,5*s*x+bu*tu*(tu/2+(h-x))+0,5*s*(h-x))
Mpl =
W pl * fy / 10
Section classification Kragarm As in Table 5.3.1:
Bottom Flange:
c=
0,5 * (bu - s) - ts * (2)
c / tu / (9 * )
Web:
=
(h - x) / h
((h - 2 * ts * (2)) / s)/(396 * / (13 * - 1))
=
=
=
=
250,00 cm
16,67 cm
6043,33 cm
1420,18 kNm
=
=
13,12 cm
0,73 < 1
=
=
0,72
0,81 < 1
=
=
=
90,00 cm
1110,09 kN
614,68 kN
=
=
0,012
1275,58 kNm
=
=
=
23,12 cm
1,16 > 1
0,83 < 1
=
=
0,28 < 1
0,26 < 1
Section class 1.
AV =
h*s
Vpl,Rd = ( AV * fy ) / (10 * (3) * M )
Vsd =
MAX(Bl; Br ;Av)
Vsd / (Vpl,Rd * 0,5)
Mpl, reduced.
1,11 > 1

=
(2 * Vsd / Vpl,Rd - 1)
MV,Rd= (1 - ) * Mpl / M
ABS(Msdk) / MV,Rd
0,94 < 1
Section classification Feld As in Table 5.3.1:

topr Flange:
c=
0,5 * (bo - s) - ts * (2)
c / to / (10 * )
c / to / (14 * )
Section class 3.
Web:
=
x/h
((h - 2 * ts * (2)) / s) / (396 * / (13 * - 1))
Section class 1.
Check section strength:
ABS(Msdfeld) / (Mpl / M)
0,61 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: Analysis single-span beam:

q sd
Psd
NSd
Load diagram:
Span length l =
l
6,00 m
Loads:
qsd =
Nsd=
Psd=
steel =
Es=
fy=
10,00 kN/m
273,00 kN
15,00 kN
=
(235/fy)
M=
Plastic shape factor pll =
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Depth of web h1 =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
Cross-sectional area A=
iy=
iz=
W el=
W pl =
Section class 1.
Flange:
( b / 2 / t ) / ( 10 * )
Section class 1.
1,00
1,10
1,14
pll * W el

Web:
( h1 / s ) / ( 33 * )
=
Fe 360
= 210000,00 N/mm
=
235,00 N/mm
1,06 ~ 1
0,70 < 1
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 300
300,00 mm
248,00 mm
7,10 mm
150,00 mm
10,70 mm
8360,00 cm4
53,800 cm
12,50 cm
3,35 cm
557,00 cm
634,98 cm
Euro-Code 3

Msd=
qsd * l / 8 + Psd * l / 4
Mpl,y,Rd=
W pl * fy / M / 10
Npl,Rd=
A * fy / M / 10
n=
Nsd / Npl,Rd
(A - 2 * b * t / 10) / A
=
Reduced limit moment due to tension force:
Mpl,y,Rd * (1 - n) / (1 - 0,5 * )
MN,y,Rd=
Msd / MN,y,Rd

Vsd=
(Psd + qsd * l) / 2
Av=
1,04 * h * s / 10
Av * (fy / (3) ) / M / 10
Vpl,Rd=
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
=
Where max M occurs::
Vs=
Psd / 2
=
Vs / (0,5 * Vpl,Rd)
=
=
=
=
=
67,50 kNm
135,65 kNm
1149,36 kN
0,238
0,403 < 0,5
129,45 kNm
=
=
=
37,50 kN
22,15 cm
273,20 kN
0,52 1
0,14 1
=
7,50 kN
100 * l / iy
* (Es / fy))
y / (
100 * l / iz
z / (
* (Es / fy))
=
=
=
=
=
=
48,00 < 1
0,511
179,10
1,91
2,00 > 1,2
1,07 < 4
SEL("steel/buck"; line; )
TAB("steel/buck"; ; line=line)
TAB("steel/buck"; ; =
; q=
trans,y)
=
=
=
a
0,210
0,9205
1,30 Bild 5,5,3

trans,y * (2 * M - 4) + (W pl - W el ) / W el
1 - (
y * Nsd) / (
y * A * fy)
=
=
0,05 1
No interaction!
Check buckling strength:
y=
trans,y=
z=
trans,z=
h/b
t/10
Apply strut curve:
line =
=
y =
Auxilliary values:
M=
y=
ky=
y * A * fy / M) + 100 * ky * Msd / (W pl *fy / M) =

Nsd / (
0,076 < 1
-0,575 < 0,9

1,013 < 1,5
Euro-Code 3
Pos.: Single-span beam:

q
l
Span length l =
7,50 m
Dead weight g =
Live load q =
Snow load s0 =
3,00 kN/m
5,00 kN/m
2,00 kN/m
Loads:

Es=
fy=
=
(235/fy)
fg=
fq=
1,35
1,50
=
Mo=
0,90
1,10
Design loads:
qd1=
qd2=
qd=
fg*g+fq*q
*fq*(q+s0)
fg*g+
MAX(qd1;qd2)
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
=
=
=
11,55 kN/m
13,50 kN/m
13,50 kN/m
=
=
=
94,92 kNm
IPE
IPE 270
with Mpl,yd =
TAB("steel/"Typ; Mplyd; Name=Profil) =
107,00 kNm
Msd / Mpl,yd
Design moment:
Msd=
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
qd*l/8
SEL("steel/"Typ; Name; Mplyd
Msd)
0,89 < 1
Column height h = TAB("steel/"Typ; h; Name=Profil)
Depth of web h1 = TAB("steel/"Typ; h1; Name=Profil)
Web thickness s = TAB("steel/"Typ; s; Name=Profil)
Flange width b =
Flange thickness t = TAB("steel/"Typ; t; Name=Profil)
Moment of inertia I = TAB("steel/"Typ; Iy; Name=Profil)
=
=
=
=
=
=
270,00 mm
219,00 mm
6,60 mm
135,00 mm
10,20 mm
5790,00 cm4
Euro-Code 3
Section classification as in Table 5.3.1:

Web:
( h1 / s ) / ( 72 * )
Flange:
( b / 2 / t ) / ( 10 * )
Section class 1.
0,46 < 1
0,66 < 1

Vsd =
0,5 * qd * l
Av =
1,04 * h * s / 100
Vpl,Rd = ( Av * fy/10 ) / ( (3) * Mo )
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
=
=
=
=
Analysis working / servicing capacity as in Table 4.1:

qser =
g + * ( q + s0 )
max=
5/384*(qser*(l*100)4)/(Es*I*10)
0,22 1
9,30 kN/m
3,15 cm
=
max/(l*100/250)
4
5/384*((q+s0)*(l*100) )/(Es*I*10)
2=
1,05 1
2/(l*100/300)
0,95 1
50,63 kN
18,53 cm
228,55 kN
2,37 cm
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Trusses and lattice girders
Trusses and lattice girders

Lattice girder with circular hollow sectionsn:
Profil 2
g
D2
V2
U2
Span length l0 =
1 =
2 =
h=
g=
e=
Weld thickness a =
U3
Profil 1
l0
e
250,00 cm
30,96
90,00
150,00 cm
2,00 cm
0,81 cm
3,00 mm
Profil1:
dU =
tU =
AU =
SEL("steel/R"; Name; )
TAB("steel/R"; d; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/R"; t; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/R"; A; Name=Profil1)
=
=
=
=
R 114.3x5
114,30 mm
5,00 mm
17,20 cm
Profil2:
d2 =
t2 =
A2 =
i2 =
TAB("steel/R"; d; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/R"; t; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/R"; A; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/R"; i; Name=Profil2)
=
=
=
=
=
R 60.3x2.9
60,30 mm
2,90 mm
5,23 cm
2,03 cm

Es =
fy =
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
=
M =
1 =
(235 / fy)
93,90 *
Member forces:
U2 =
U3 =
D2 =
V2 =
l0 / ( dU / 10 )
h / ( d2 / 10 )
1,00
1,10
93,90
116,67 kN
200,00 kN
97,18 kN
50,00 kN Druck
=
=
21,87 > 6
24,88 > 6
Euro-Code 3
Member V2:
d2 / t2 / (50 * )
Section class 1
0,42 < 1
Analysis of the members:

Member V2:
Section class 1 A =
0,75*h/i2
=
trans=
/ 1 * (
A)
Apply strut curve a
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
Nb,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
* A * A2 * fy / 10 / M
V2 / Nb,Rd
Member D2:
NRd =
D2 / NRd
30 /
e / (dU / 4)
Eccentricities can be neglected.
a / (MIN(tU; t2) )
0,21
0,715
=
=
0,8937
99,85 kN
0,501 < 1
=
0,870 < 1
111,73 kN
=
0,544 < 1
367,45 kN
Analysis of joint:
Check permissible stress As in Table: K.5
d2 / dU
=
d2 / dU
=
dU / tU
=
=
dU / tU
d2 / t2
=
d2 / t2
=
=
(tU + t2) / g
Analysis as given in Table. K.6:
t2 / 2,5
tU / 25
=
MIN(
1; 2)
A2 * fy / 10 / M
Member U2;U3
NRd =
AU * fy / 10 / M
U3 / NRd
=
=
1,00
55,42
0,590
0,528 < 1
0,528 > 1
22,860 > 10
22,860 < 50
20,793 > 10
20,793 < 50
3,950 < 1
=
=
=
1,160 > 1
0,200 < 1
30,960
=
=
0,969 < 1
0,028 < 1
1,034 > 0,84
Euro-Code 3
Calculate maximum stress As in Table K.6

Collapse of top chord:
=
dU / (2 * tU)
10 * g / tU
c=
(0,5 * 10 * g / tU - 1,33)
kg =
kp =
=
N1,Rd =
N2,Rd =
=
=
=
0,2 * (1 + 0,024 * 1,2 / (1 + 2,7183c))
d2 / dU
kg * kp * fy * tU/((1-
)*SIN(
1))*(1,8+10,2*d2/dU)*(1,1/ 10 /M)
SIN(
2) * N1,Rd
1) / SIN(
=
=
=
V2 / N2,Rd
Ni1,Rd=
0,58 < 1
213,27 kN
0,46 < 1
fy / (3) *t2 * * d2 * (1+SIN(

2)) / (2*(SIN(
2)))*(1,1 / 10 / M)
V2 / Ni1,Rd
1,874
1,00 (Zug)
0,528
325,61 kN
167,51 kN
0,30 < 1
Collapse due to punching shear:

=
d2 / (dU - 2 * tU)
1)) / (2*(SIN(
1))) * (1,1 / 10 / M) =
Ni1,Rd = fy / (3) * t2 * * d2 * (1+SIN(
D2 / Ni1,Rd
11,43
4,00
0,670
0,67 < 1
74,54 kN
Euro-Code 3
Truss joint with rectangular hollow sections:

d2
d2
t2
t2
Profil 2
2
t1
Profil 1
Span length l2 =
Projection length ov=
1 =
2 =
e=
Weld thickness a =
d1
200,00 cm
40,00 %
50,00
50,00
-2,00 cm
3,50 mm
Profil1:
d1 =
t1 =
A1 =
SEL("steel/QR"; Name; )
TAB("steel/QR"; a; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/QR"; t; Name=Profil1)
TAB("steel/QR"; A; Name=Profil1)
=
=
=
=
QR 100x4.0
100,00 mm
4,00 mm
15,20 cm
Profil2:
d2 =
t2 =
A2 =
i2 =
SEL("steel/QR"; Name; )
TAB("steel/QR"; a; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/QR"; t; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/QR"; A; Name=Profil2)
TAB("steel/QR"; i; Name=Profil2)
=
=
=
=
=
QR 60x4.0
60,00 mm
4,00 mm
8,82 cm
2,28 cm
=
=
=
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm

Es =
fy =
=
M =
1 =
(235 / fy)
93,90 *
Member forces:
Ul =
Ur =
Dl =
Dr =
Member Dl:
d2 / t2 / (33 * )
Section class 1
1,00
1,10
93,90
250,00 kN
150,00 kN
77,80 kN (Druck)
77,80 kN
0,45 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Analysis of the members:

Member V2:
=
0,75 * l2 / i2
Section class 1 A =
/ 1 * (
A)
trans =
Apply strut curve a
=
=
0,5 * (1 + * (
=
Nb,Rd =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
* A * A2 * fy / 10 / M
Dl / Nb,Rd
Member Dr:
NRd =
Dr / NRd
65,79
1,00
0,70
0,21
0,797
=
=
0,8489
159,956 kN
0,486 < 1
=
0,413 < 1
188,427 kN
=
0,770 < 1
324,727 kN
A2 * fy / 10 / M
Member U2;U3
NRd =
A1 * fy / 10 / M
Ul / NRd
Analysis of joint:
Check permissible stress as in Table: K.14
d2 / d1
d2 / t2 / (1,1 * (Es / fy))
d2 / t2
d1 / t1
ov / 100
25 / ov
=
=
=
=
=
=
0,60 > 0,25

0,456 < 1 (Druck)
15,000 < 35 (Zug)
25,000 < 35 (Zug)
0,400 < 1
0,625 < 1
Analysis as given in Table. K.12:

t2 / 2,5
t2 / 25
=
MIN(
1; 2)
=
=
=
1,600 > 1
0,160 < 1
50,000
=
=
0,600 < 1
0,036 < 1
0,875 > 0,84
=
=
=
=
2,40 cm
0,40 < 1
4,00 cm
0,67 < 1
1,00 (Zug)
=
=
0,80 < 1
0,63 < 1
30 /
e / (-d1 * 0,55)
Eccentricities can be neglected.
a / MIN(t1; t2)
Calculate maximum stress As in Table K.14
Only the overlapping diagonals will be analysed:
beff =
1 / (d1 / t1) * t2 / t1 * d2
beff / (MIN(d1; d2)/10)
be,ov =
1 / (d2 / t2) * t1 / t2 * d2
be,ov / (MIN(d1; d2)/10)
kn=
so that
ov / 50
25 / ov
N2,Rd = fy/10 * t2 * (
ov / 50 * ( 2 * d2 - 4 * t2)/10 + beff + be,ov)
Dr / N2,Rd
=
0,562 < 1
138,368 kN
Euro-Code 3
Roof truss:
w sd
ly
A
b*l
lx
a*l
sd

Span width lx =
Span length ly =
Number of spans in X a =
Number of spans in Y b =
Truss depth h =
3,00 m
5,00 m
10
10
2,00 m
section for chords:

Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Cross-sectional area A = TAB("steel/"Typ; A; Name=Profil)
steel =
Es =
=
=
=
=
=
HEA
HEA 140
31,40 cm
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
Loads:
wsd =
vsd =
Design loads:
Msd =
vsd * (a * lx) / 8
Compression force in the top chord:
N=
Msd / h
Total compression force / Stabiilising force:
Nges =
(a + 1) / 2 * N
Imperfection:
kr1 =
(0,2 + 1 / ((a + 1) / 2))
kr2 =
kr =
MIN(kr1; kr2)
e0 =
k r * a * lx / 5
Equivalent load instead of buckling:
a * lx / 25
q =
q=
Nges / (60 * a * lx) * (kr + 0,2)
wsd + q
hsd =
2,00 kN/m
5,00 kN/m
562,50 kNm
281,25 kN
1546,88 kN
=
=
=
0,62
1,00
0,62 < 1
3,72 cm
=
=
=
1,20 cm
0,70 kN/m
2,70 kN/m
Euro-Code 3
Check deformation q:
E'Ieff =
10 * Es * 0,5 * A * ly
Deformation in the middle of truss:
q1 =
(5/384 * hsd *((a * lx)4) / (E'Ieff/106))
q1 / q
With it the acceptance, that q l / 2500 properly.
It can be calculated with hsd.
=
=
=
8,24*1010 kNcm
0,35 cm
0,29 < 1
Euro-Code 3
Vertical bracing Non sway frame:

Hd
P
d
P
d
B
P
d
P
d
C
ly
b*l y

Frame width ly =
6,00 m
Number of frames b =
Frame depth h =
Angle of bracing = ATAN(h/ly) =
Number of bracings n =
Number of storeys ns =
Number of column nc =
5
5,00 m
39,81
1
1
b+1
Diagonalen wirken auf Zug und auf Druck, Or else sd=1

sd =
2
Profil Typ1 =
Selected Profil1 =
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 200
1940,00 cm4
Profil Typ2 =
Selected Profil2 =
Flange width bt =
Column height ht =
Cross-sectional area At =
iy =
iz =
TAB("steel/"Typ2; t; Name=Profil2)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
HEA
HEA 180
180,00 mm
171,00 mm
9,50 mm
2510,00 cm4
45,300 cm
7,45 cm
4,52 cm
ProfilR:
d=
tr =
Ar =
ir =
Span length lr =
TAB("steel/R"; d; Name=ProfilR)
TAB("steel/R"; t; Name=ProfilR)
TAB("steel/R"; A; Name=ProfilR)
TAB("steel/R"; i; Name=ProfilR)
(h + ly)
= R 177.8x5
=
177,80 mm
=
5,00 mm
=
27,10 cm
=
6,11 cm
=
7,81 m
Loads:
Hd =
80,00 kN
Pd =
300,00 kN
Euro-Code 3

steel =
Es =
fy =
=
M =
1 =
(235 / fy)
=
=
=
=
93,90 *
Fe 360
210000,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
1,00
1,10
93,90
0,644

H=
F =
(100 * h) * 10 / (12 * Es * Iy2) * (2 * k + 1) / k * H
1,00 kN
0,702 cm
Shear strength:
Sv =
2 / 10 * n * Es * Ar * h * ly / lr
430,1*103 kN
Check swaying:
k=
Iy1 / Iy2* h / ly
w = H * h / Sv * 100
Deflection at top of frame:
H=
tot = 1 / (1 / F + 1 / w)
Reduction due to bracing:
(1 - (
tot / F)) * 100
1,16*10-3 cm
1,00 kN
1,158*10-3 cm
99,84 % > 80
Non sway frame.

Analysis of vertical bracing
Imperfection to 5.2.4.3:
0 =
1 / 200
0,005
kc1 =
(0,5 + 1 / nc)
0,82
kc2 =
kc =
MIN(kc1; kc2)
0,82
ks1 =
(0,2 + 1 / ns)
1,10
1,00
ks2 =
ks =
Hd =
1,00
MIN(ks1; ks2)
0 * k c * k s
* Pd * (b + 1)
1,00
0,0041
7,38 kN
Hd + Hd
87,38 kN

w / (h * 100) * (b + 1) * Pd / H
Hsd =
restrained from moving out of plane.
0,004 < 0,1
Euro-Code 3
Analysis of lacing angles:

Design compression load:
Nsd =
Hsd / (2 * COS(
))
Slenderness:
=
100 * lr / ir
Effective slenderness:
trans =
/ (
1 * )
=
A =
56,88 kN
127,82
1,36
0,21
1,000
0,5 * (1 + * (
1,547
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
0,4378
NRd =
* A * Ar * fy / 10 / M
Nsd / NRd
=
=
253,47 kN
0,224 < 1
Analysis of frame:
Column CD:
Nsd =
Pd + Hsd / 2 * h / ly
kc =
Iy2 / h / 100
=
=
5,02 cm
k1 =
3,23 cm
1,0 * Iy1 / ly / 100
k2 =
2 =
1 =
336,41 kN
0,0
1,0
kc / (kc + k1 + k2)
0,61

l=
h * 0,85
y =
100 * l / iy
=
=
4,25 m
57,05
0,61
0,95 < 1,2
trans =
ht / bt
y / (
1 * )

=
A =
=
0,34
1,000
0,5 * (1 + * (
y =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
y =
100 * h / iz
trans =
y / (
1 * )
=
A =
0,756
0,8315
110,62
1,18
0,49
1,000
0,5 * (1 + * (
1,436
z =
min =
1 / (
+ (
- trans)0,5)
0,4436
0,4436
NRd =
Nsd / NRd
MIN(
y; z)
min * A * At * fy / 10 / M
=
=
0,784 < 1
429,30 kN
Euro-Code 3
Folder: _EC3 Welded connections
Welded connections
Angle gusset joint:
As demanded from EC3 6.6.2.2. b =
Weld length l =
Joint plate thickness d =
Weld thickness aw =
Angle section P =
Area of angle A =
Width of angle h =
steel =
fu =
fy =
w=
M0 =
Mw =
12,00 mm
100,00 mm
10,00 mm
4,00 mm
TAB("steel/WG"; A; Name=P)
TAB("steel/WG"; a; Name=P)
=
=
=
L 60x6
6,91 cm
60,00 mm
TAB("steel/EC"; w; Name=steel)
1,10
1,25
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
360,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
0,80
Plastic tension force:

NRdp = 2 * A * fy / 10 / M0
295,25 kN
=
=
=
=
0,75 < 1
0,24 < 1
0,17 < 1
1,00 < 1
=
=
=
=
1,17
1,00
100,00 mm
266,04 kN
Maximum strength of gusset:

Assumption: Stress spreads at 30 angle in gusset:
A=
(2 * l * TAN(30) + h) * d / 100
A * fy / 10 / M0
NRd =
=
=
17,55 cm
374,93 kN
Limit design force for tension :

MIN(NRd; Nw,Rd; NRdp)
266,04 kN
Maximum strength of weld:

as in 6.6.5.2(2)
3 / aw
MIN(40; 6 * aw) / l
l / (150 * aw)
12 / b
Reduction factor
wl1 =
1,2 - 0,2 * l / (150 * aw)
w =
MIN(1; wl1)
l=
w * l
Nw,Rd = 4 * l *aw * fu / (
(3) * w * Mw)/10
Euro-Code 3
Welded beam splice
Plate thickness d1=
Plate thickness d2=
Plate width b1=
Plate thickness h2=
Weld length l1=
Weld length l2=
20,00 mm
8,00 mm
160,00 mm
280,00 mm
240,00 mm
200,00 mm
Welds
Weld thickness Flange awf =
Weld thickness Web aws =
lwf =
lws =
Profil: IPE 400
Profil Typ =
Selected Profil =
Column height h =
Web thickness s =
Flange width b =
W el =
W pl =
2 * l1
2 * l2 + h2
6,00 mm
4,00 mm
= 480,00 mm
= 680,00 mm
1,14* W el
Material and Partial safety factors:

steel =
fu =
fy =
w=
1,10
M0 =
1,25
M2 =
1,25
Mw =
Loads :
Msd =
Vsd =
157,95 kNm
60,75 kN
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
IPE
IPE 400
400,00 mm
8,60 mm
180,00 mm
13,50 mm
84,50 mm
1160,00 cm
1322,40 cm
Fe 360
360,00 N/mm
235,00 N/mm
0,80
Euro-Code 3
Check beam:
Mc,Rd = W pl * fy / M0 / 10
Msd / Mc,Rd
Av =
1,04 * h * s / 100
Vpl,Rd = Av * fy / 10 / (3) / M0
Vsd / Vpl,Rd
Check welds in flanges:
2 / 12 * d2 * h2 / 104
Iw =
If =
2 * b1 * d1 * ((h + d1) / 2) /
Mw =
Msd * Iw / (Iw + If)
Mf =
Msd * If / (Iw + If)
Effective tension force in flange
Nsd =
Mf / (h + d1) * 10
Limit shear stress of flange plates:
fu / 10 / (
(3) * w * Mw)
fv,wd =
Design stress:
fsd =
Nsd / (lwf * awf) * 10
fsd / fv,wd
104
=
=
282,51 kNm
0,56 < 1
=
=
=
35,78 cm
441,32 kN
0,14 < 1
2926,93 cm4
=
=
=
28224,00 cm4
14,84 kNm
143,11 kNm
340,74 kN
20,78 kN/cm
11,83 kN/cm
0,57 < 1
Change welds in web:

Centre of gravity
e=
(2 * l2 * l2 / 2 * aws) / (lws * aws)
Ix =
(aws * h2 / 12 + 2 * l2 * (h2 / 2) * aws) /
104
Iy =
(h2 * aws * e + 2 / 12 * aws * l2 + 2 * l2 * aws * (l2 / 2 - e)) / 104
Design moment
Msw =
Mw + Vsd * (l2 - e) / 10
Maximum shear stress
fsx =
10 * Msw * h2 / (4 * (Ix + Iy))
fsy =
(Vsd / (lws * aws / 100) + (100 * Msw * ((l2 - e) / 10)) / (2 * (Ix + Iy)))
(fsx + fsy)
fs =
fs / fv,wd
=
0,31 < 1
58,82 mm
3867,73 cm4
1192,16 cm4
23,42 kNm
=
=
=
3,24 kN/cm
5,50 kN/cm
6,38 kN/cm
Euro-Code 3
Beam with cover plates on flange:

b
bn
tb
e2 l
t
s
ts
t
Flange width b =
Depth of web h =
Web thickness s =
Plate thickness tb =
Weld thickness a =
Weld distance l =
16,00 cm
1,20 cm
34,00 cm
0,80 cm
0,80 cm
0,30 cm
9,50 cm
Loads:
MSd =
VSd =
241,90 kNm
97,50 kN
Materials and stresses

fy =
fu =
w=
=
(235/fy)
M =
Mw =
=
=
=
=
=
Fe 360
235,00 N/mm
360,00 N/mm
0,80
1,00
1,10
1,25
Design:
W pl =
Mpl =
Vpl,Rd =
2 * ( t * b * (h+t)/2 + s * h/8 )
0,001 * W pl * fy / M
h * s * fy/ 10 /(
(3) * M)
=
=
=
Distance between cover plates:

(M*10*MSd/fy-W pl)/(2*tb*(h/2+t+tb/2))
=
bn =
sel bn =
W pl =
2*(t*b*(h+t)/2+s*h/8) +2*tb*(h/2+t+tb/2)*bn
=
=
Mpl,Rd = 0,001 * W pl * fy / M
Analysis:
MSd / Mpl,Rd
=
1,00 1
VSd / (1/2 * Vpl,Rd)
=
0,58 1
Length e2 of weld:
(b*(h+2*t)-(b-s)*h)/12+2*tb*bn*(h/2+t+tb/2)
Iy =
T' =
VSd * (tb * bn * (h/2+t+tb/2)) / Iy
fu / 10 / (
(3)*
w*Mw)
fv,wd =
907,04 cm
193,78 kNm
335,49 kN
-30,10 cm
7,60 cm
1133,22 cm
242,10 kNm
= 18726,53 cm4
=
0,59 kN/cm
=
20,78 N/mm
Euro-Code 3
Fw,Rd = 0,2 * a * fv,wd
e2 =
T' / Fw,Rd
sel e2 =
T=
T' * (e2 + l)
Fw,Rd = 0,2*a*e2*fv,wd
Analysis:
T / Fw,Rd

=
1,25 kN/cm
=
0,47 cm
40,00 mm (Minimum allowed length)
=
29,20 kN
=
49,87 kN
=
0,59 1
Euro-Code 3
Welded connection
Sd
Sd

Span length l =
Width b =
Web depth h =
Weld thickness aw =
200,00 mm
80,00 mm
140,00 mm
6,00 mm
Loads:
Sd =
100,00 kN

fu =
w=
Mw =
=
=
=
Fe 360
360,00 N/mm
0,80
1,25
Design:
Weld properties:
A=
0,02 * aw * ( b+h )
26,40 cm
Iy =
(2 * b * aw * ( h/2 ) + 2 * aw *h / 12)/ 104
744,80 cm4
Iz =
(2 * h * aw * ( b/2 ) + 2 * aw *b / 12)/ 104
320,00 cm4
Ip =
Iy +Iz
1064,80 cm4
100,00 kN
Design load in relation to the centroid of weld:

Sdz =
Sd
My,Sd =
Mt,Sd =
Sd * l/10
Sd * b/20
Check stress at weakest point:

A =
My,Sd / Iy * h / 20
2000,00 kNcm
400,00 kNcm
18,80 kN/cm
1 =
2 =
Mt,Sd / Ip * h / 20
Mt,Sd / Ip * b / 20 + Sdz / A
2,63 kN/cm
5,29 kN/cm
res =
(A+1+2)
19,71 kN/cm
20,78 kN/cm
Check weld strength:

Limit shear stress
fw,Rd =
fu / 10 / (
(3) * w * Mw)
res / fw,Rd
0,95 < 1

Euro-Code 3: Bolted Connections

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Euro-Code 3: Bolted Connections

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Euro-Code 3

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Limit tension force of bolts:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Bolted connection subject to bending

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Material and Partial safety factors:

Check beam-web strength without holes:

Check beam-web strength with holes:

Area of holes will be neglected.

2 * b1 * d1 * ((h + d1) / 2) / 104

Effective tension force in flange:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Analysis of bolts in web:

Analysis of cover plates:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Connection subject to moment load:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Check bolts on left:

Analysis of bearing strength

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Bolted shear joint:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Check bolts strength:

Limit strength and analysis of bolts:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Check shear failure:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Double shear joint with bolts:

Joint with tension and shear:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Limit tension force of plate rechts

Nt,Rd = MIN(Nt,Rd2; Nt,Rd1)

Limit tension force of boltsn:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

High strength friction-grip bolt connection:

Lcher mit normalem Lochspiel as in 6.5.8.1 (2) Ks =

Limit tension force of plate:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

MIN(Nnet,Rd; Fb,Rd; Fs,Rd)

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Joint with tension and shear:

Joint with tension and shear:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Limit tension force of boltsn:

Maximum allowed force:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Check shear failure:

Limit shear force of section:

Folder: _EC3 Bolted connections

Joint with shear failure as in Bild 6.5.5:

Effective shear area:

Maximum design force for shear:

Folder: _EC3 Columns

Materials and stresses:

Folder: _EC3 Columns

Effective web area:

Folder: _EC3 Columns

Column subject to compression force:

Section classification As in Table 5.3.1:

Folder: _EC3 Columns

Folder: _EC3 Columns

b/122t2+b2t2((b+t1)/2-ys)+(h+2t2)t1/12+(h+2t2)t1ys = 4018,23 cm4