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How to enter creep in COSMOS
COSMOSWorks and COSMOSDesignSTAR use the Classical Power Law for Creep (Bailey-Norton law).
The creep strain at time t is :
where:
T = Temperature (Kelvin) (= input temperature + reference temperature + offset temperature)
CT = A material constant defining the creep temperature-dependency
C0, C1 and C2 are the three creep constants
If there is no temperature variation, then:
Note:
In the COSMOSWorks and COSMOSDesignSTAR Material dialog box, the C0, C1 and C2
constants are labelled:
C0 = CREEPCONST1
C1 = CREEPCONST2
C2 = CREEPCONST3
CT = CREEPTC
Check Include Creep Effect to activate the inclusion of creep effect in the selected
material model. Creep effect is considered only for nonlinear studies. Among all material
models available with nonlinear studies, creep effect is not available with linear elastic
orthotropic and viscoelastic material models.
For more information, please refer to Creep Models in the COSMOSWorks and
COSMOSDesignSTAR online help.
C1 = CREEPCONST2 is unitless. Therefore, its value doesn't change when you change the
time unit of the stress unit.
C0 = CREEPCONST1, though, changes. C0 depends on the time unit AND the stress unit.
Example
Suppose you have the creep data below (for Grades of Stainless Steel - Grade 310, reference:
http://www.fanagalo.co.za/tech/tech_grade_310.htm).
Creep data
Stress to develop a creep rate of 1% in the indicated time at the indicated temperature.
Time
Temperature (C)
550
600
650
700
750
800
10 000 h
Stress (MPa)
110
90
70
40
30
15
100 000 h
Stress (MPa)
90
75
50
30
20
10
Lets say we pick two stress points from the data above:
Temperature = 550., Creep Strain(Ec)=0.01 ->
Time(hr)
Stress(MPa)
10,000.
110.
100,000.
90.
(100,000.)
The above constants have been calculated using non-standard units (MPa and hours). If
you use instead N/m and seconds, like in the SI system, the data is changed. Actually,
C1 is unitless. Therefore, its value doesn't change when you change the time unit of the
stress unit. C0, though, changes. C0 depends on the time unit AND the stress unit.
If you use N/m and seconds, then:
C0 = 0.01 / (100000*3600 * (90E6)^11.47 = 1.616 E-102
Therefore, for the above material, if you are using the SI system and seconds as the time
unit, you should enter:
Now if you do this calculation for another temperature, and then add to the formulation the
temperature term TC, you can also calculate the last constant for thermal variations.