Hybrid/Electric Cars
Abdullah Sheikh
Hybrid
Is a combination of two things
The car is jointly powered by an internal combustion engine and an
electric motor
A gasoline car produces a relatively large amount of pollution and
generally gets poor gas mileage. An electric car, however, produces
almost no pollution, but it can only go 80 to 161 km between
charges. And the problem has been that the electric car is very slow
and inconvenient to recharge. (Karim Nice &Julia Layton, 2015)
The hybrid is a compromise. It attempts to significantly increase the
mileage and reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car while
overcoming the shortcomings of an electric car. (Karim Nice &Julia
Layton, 2015)
Hybrid
Agas-powered carhas a fuel tank, which suppliesgasolineto
the engine. The engine then turns atransmission, which turns
the wheels. (Karim Nice &Julia Layton, 2015)
An electric car, on the other hand, has a set ofbatteriesthat
provides electricity to anelectric motor. The motor turns a
transmission, and the transmission turns the wheels. (Karim
Nice &Julia Layton, 2015)
A gasoline-electric car combines these two setups into one
system that leverages both gas power and electric power.
(Karim Nice &Julia Layton, 2015)
Hybrid
Reduce CO2 emissions and get better mileage
In order to reduce emissions, the Prius can accelerate to a
speed of about 24 km/h before switching on the gasoline
engine. The engine only starts once the vehicle has passed a
certain speed. And once the engine starts, it operates in a
narrow speed band. (Karim Nice &Julia Layton, 2015)
Gasoline engines can be tuned to run most efficiently in certain
speed and load ranges. Thepower split deviceon the Prius,
allows the engine to stay in its most efficient load and speed
range most of the time.
Hybrid
Tesla Model S
Tesla
Tesla's advanced electric powertrain delivers exhilarating
performance. Unlike a gasoline internal combustion engine with
hundreds of moving parts, Tesla electric motors have only one
moving piece: the rotor. As a result, ModelS acceleration is
instantaneous, silent and smooth. Step on the accelerator and
in as little as 3.0 seconds ModelS is traveling 100 km per hour,
without hesitation, and without a drop of gasoline. ModelS is
an evolution in automobile engineering. (Tesla Motors, 2015)
Tesla
(Tesla Motors, 2015)
Akash Suthar
Fuel Economy
Is the relationship between distance travelled and amount of
fuel consumed.
Hybrid cars were designed to get the best fuel economy.
There are many efficient gasoline cars.
Driving style has a huge affect on fuel economy.
Aggressive driving (speeding, rapid acceleration and braking)
wastes gas. It can lower your gas mileage by 33% at highway
speeds and by 5% around town. Sensible driving is also safer
for you and others, so you may save more than gas money.
(www.fueleconomy.gov, 2015)
Fuel Economy
Hybrid Cars
Gasoline Cars
(Cars.com, 2015)
Fuel Economy
Environmental Impact
Environmental Impact
Electric cars have zero emissions because they do not use
gasoline at all.
A study made in theUKin 2008, concluded that electric
vehicles had the potential to cut downcarbon
dioxideandgreenhouse gasemissions by at least 40%, even
taking into account the emissions due to current electricity
generation in the UK and emissions relating to the production
and disposal of electric vehicles. (Department for Transport UK,
2008)
Environmental Impact
(www.fueleconomy.gov,
2015)
Environmental Impact
Hybrid and electric cars generate more carbon emissions
during production than current gasoline cars. Most emissions
are from the production of the battery. (Johan G E A Bierkens,
2014)
Part of the impact arises from manufacturing. Because battery
packs are heavy (for example, the battery accounts for more
than a third of the weight of the Tesla Roadster), manufacturers
work to lighten the rest of the vehicle. As a result, electric car
components contain many lightweight materials that are
energy intensive to produce and process. Carbon composites
and aluminum in particular. Electric motors and batteries add to
the energy of electric-car manufacture. (Ozzie Zehner, 2013)
Environmental Impact
(Ozzie Zehner, 2013)
Cost to own
Two dozen governments around the world subsidize the
purchase of electric vehicles. In Canada, for example, the
governments of Ontario and Quebec pay drivers up to C $8500
to drive an electric car. (Ozzie Zehner, 2013)
Ten U.S. states open the high-occupancy lanes of their
highways to electric cars, even if the car carries a lone driver.
Numerous stores offer VIP parking for electric vehicles and a
free charge up. Mayor Johnson even moved to relieve electriccar owners of Londons famedcongestion fee. (Ozzie Zehner,
2013)
Supercars
Conclusion
Hybrid cars were designed to reduce the Reduce CO 2 emissions and
achieve better fuel mileage than gasoline and electric cars. Then a
new breed of electric car came along which produced no emissions at
all and had amazing mileage. After a couple of studies it was
determined that Green cars are essentially causing more damage to
the environment during production than normal cars. At the same
they are really expensive and not easy to afford. Meanwhile gasoline
cars have been getting more efficient and causing less harm to the
environment. Supercar manufactures used the same technology to
make there cars faster as others tried to save the planet. In the end it
all depends on what drives you.
References
Karim NiceandJulia Layton (2015). How Hybrid Cars Work. Retrieved November 22nd, 2015 from
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/hybrid-car1.htm
Tesla Motors (2015). Model S. Retrieved November 22nd, 2015 from
https://www.teslamotors.com/en_CA/models
www.fueleconomy.gov (2015). Driving More Efficiently. Retrieved November 25th, 2015 from
https://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/driveHabits.jsp
Cars.com (2015). Best Gas Mileage. Retrieved November 25th, 2015 from
http://www.cars.com/go/advice/Story.jsp?section=fuel&subject=fuelList&story=mpgClass&referer=&year=
References
www.fueleconomy.gov (2015). Fuel Economy Guide. Retrieved November 25th, 2015 from
http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/pdfs/guides/FEG2014.pdf
Department for Transport UK (2008). Investigation into the Scope for the Transport Sector to switch to Electric Vehicles and plug in hybrid vehicles.
Retrieved November 25th, 2015 from
http://www.berr.gov.uk/files/file48653.pdf
Johan G E A Bierkens (2014). Health and environmental benefits related to electric vehicle introduction in EU countries. Retrieved November 25th,
2015 from
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/266450977_Health_and_environmental_benefits_related_to_electric_vehicle_introduction_in_EU_count
ries
Ozzie Zehner (2013). Unclean at Any Speed. Retrieved November 28th, 2015 from
http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/unclean-at-any-speed
