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3.

D-Flipflop

Above figure show


ws an ingeniou
us positive ed
dge-triggered register, baseed on a masteer-slave conceept
insensitive to clock oveerlap. This cirrcuit is called
d the ( Clocked CM
MOS) registerr. The

latch is in
nsensitive to clock
c
overlapss because thosse overlaps acctivate either the pull-up oor the pull-dow
wn
networks of the latchess, but never both of them simultaneouslly. If the rise aand fall timess of the clock are
sufficientlly slow, howeever, there ex
xists a time slo
ot where bothh the NMOS aand PMOS traansistors are
conductin
ng. This createes a path betw
ween input an
nd output that can destroy tthe state of thhe circuit.
Simulations haave shown thaat the circuit operates
o
correectly as long as the clock rrise time (or ffall
time) is sm
maller than ap
pproximately five times the propagationn delay of thee register. Thiis criterion is not
too stringent, and is easily met in prractical design
ns. For slow cclocks, the pootential for a rrace conditionn
exists.
VDD

Schematiic Diagram:
M5

M7

CLK
VDD

M4
CLK

Data

val0=1.8
val1=0.0

M6
CLKBAR

Data

Data

CLK

VDD

val0=1.8
val1=0

gnd

VDD

M9
M1
CLKBAR

M3
CLK
CLK

CLKBAR
M8

M0

M2

gnd

gnd

Date/Time Run: 4/9/2016 4:57:45 PM


1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
V

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
SEL>>
-0.1

CLK
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
V

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

Data
2.229
2
1.6

1.2
0.8
0.4
0
-0.238
0

4n

8n

12n

16n

20n

Q
time, s
SymSpice

24n

28n

32n

36n

40n

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