FORCES

Maddie Ticoras, Caroline Parr, Bryce Anable

P6

Force is measured in newton's.

One newton is the force that can give a mass of 1kg an
acceleration of 1m/s squared.
1N = 1kg x 1m/s squared
One newton is equal to .225lb

INTRO TO FORCES

Sir Isaac newton, British scientist, described the relationship between motion and force
in three laws, that we now call, newton's laws of motion.

Newton's 1st law- An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion maintains its
velocity unless acted upon by an outside force.

Newton's 2nd law- The unbalanced force acting on an object equals the objects mass
times acceleration. F = MA

Newton's 3rd law- For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. When one
object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force equal in size
and opposite in direction, on the 1st object.

NEWTON'S LAWS

Inertia is the tendency of an object to maintain its motion.

It depends on the objects mass.
All objects have inertia.
An object with a small mass can be accelerated by a small
force.
An object with a large mass requires a much larger force.

INERTIA

Show all the forces including relative magnitude, acting on an

object.

Types of forces.
Gravity: Fg

Ex: A ball rolls down a hill and speeds up

Direction:

Normal (newton's 3rd law): Fn

Direction: perpendicular to surface

Friction: Ff
Direction: opposes motion.

Applied: Fa
Direction: in the direction of the force.

FORCE DIAGRAMS
3

Newton answered two of the most puzzling questions of his time.

Why do objects fall towards earth

and
What keeps the planets in motion in the sky.

All objects in the universe attract each other through the force of
gravity.

Gravitational force increases as one or both masses increase.

Gravitational force decreases as the distance between two

masses increases.

LAW OF UNIVERSAL
GRAVITATION

momentum = mass x velocity

Momentum formula: P = mv

Momentum increases as mass and velocity increase.

The greater the mass of an object, the greater the momentum

of the
object.

The faster an object is moving, the greater the momentum of

the object.

If an object is not moving its momentum is zero.

MOMENTUM

Ex:
If a girl weighs 120kg, and is walking at 5m/s squared. What is
her momentum?
Hints: Momentum units: kg x m/s
Formula: P=mv as in, kg x (m/s)
Step 1: 120kg x 5 m/s=
Answer: 600 kg(m/s)

MOMENTUM EXAMPLE