VACUUM PRELOADING with CONSOLIDATE

1. Pertimbangan Desain

-Masalah penurunan konsolidasi tanah rawa yg besar.

-Sulitnya menemukan material timbunan (tdk ada yg bagus).
-Dengan memakai vacuum consolidation bs memperpendek masa
konsolidasi.
-Sedikit gangguan (bs dikerjakan dengan pek.lain)

2. Konvensional Preloading VS Vacuum Preloading

Konvensional Preloading Tanah
Higher Surcharge (Tinggi biaya
tambahan)
Lower Stability
Greater lateral movement
Longer Construction Time

Vacuum Preloading
Lower or no surcharge
Better control of stability
Less lateral movement
Shorter Construction Time

3. Metode Perbaikan
Metode

Permasala

Settlemen

Prefabricat
ed Vertikal
Drain
(PVD) dg
Preloading

Vacuum
Consolidat
ion dg
Prelading

Pondasi
Pile

Soil
Replacem
ent dg
Preloadin
g

Sedikit,

Low,

Very low

Sedikit,

Soil
Cement
Column+
Cement
Stabilized
Mat
Very lo

han teknis

Permasala
han
keuangan

Permasala
han lain

t
(penuruna
n) awal

jika factor
aman
tinggi

because
of low
plastic
flow to the
side

Penuruna
n
Konsolidas
i

Tinggi

Tinggi

Sisa
Penuruna
n

Can be
controlled
through
proper
applicatio
n of
surcharge

Can be
controlled
through
proper
applicatio
n of
surcharge

Kestabilan

Increase in
SF due to
increase in
soil
strength
during
consolidati
on.
Low

Sedang

Biaya
Pemelihar
aan
Biaya
Konstruksi

due to
load
transferr
ed to
lower
stiffer
layer.
Very
Low

jika factor
aman
tinggi

due to
load
transferre
d to lower
stiffer
layer.
Very Low

Sangat
stabil

Very low
due to
load
transferr
ed to
lower
stiffer
layer
Tinggi
SF

Controlle
d by Soil
Replacem
ent
Thickness
Controlle
d by
replacem
ent
thickness
&
preloadin
g period
Increase
in SF due
to
replacem
ent with
firmer
soil.

Low

Low

Sedang

Low

Sedang

Very
High

Sedang,
bergantu
ng pada
kedalama
n.

High for
high
embankm
ent.

Very lo
due to
load
transferre
d to lower
stiffer
layer.
High
Factor of
Safety
initially,
but may
reduce
with time

Metode

Prefabricat
ed Vertikal
Drain (PVD)
dg
Preloading

Vacuum
Consolidat
ion dg
Prelading

Pondasi
Pile

Soil
Replacem
ent dg
Preloading

Masa
Konstruksi

Longest
depend on
surcharge

Short to
Moderate
depend on

Pendek

Moderate

Dependa

Soil
Cement
Column+
Cement
Stabilized
Mat
Short to
Moderate
depend

time

equipment
used

Long Term
Performan
ce

Small
differential
settlement

Small
differential
settlement

Right of
Way

Require
significant
area for
counterwei
ght berm
Very good
less
operator
dependent

No row
problem

Ya

Ya

Tidak
masalah,
kecuali
supply
sand mat.

Some
import of
material
and
equipment
required
Most
suitable if
constructi
on time
and right
of way are
limited

Local
Experienc
e in
Constructi
on
Digunaka
n di
Proyek
Jalan
sebelumn
ya
Market
Supply

Likelihood
of Usage

3. Aplikasi untuk Jalan Tol

Attactive
method
tetap
membutuh
kan masa
konstruksi
yg panjang

Moderate
Highly
operator
dependent

on
equipmen
t used
and
material
supply
Small
differentia
l
settlemen
t
Require
some row

on
equipmen
t used

Good
Less
operator
dependen
t
Ya

Good
mainly
earthwork

Moderate
Highly
operator
dependen
t
Ya, tapi
terbatas

No
problem

Fill supply
may be
major
issue

Relatively
new

Most
expensiv
e with
short
constructi
on period

Suitable
method
for thin
soft clay
deposit

More
expensiv
e with
short
constructi
on period

Small
differenti
al
settlemen
t
No row
problem

Ya

Small
differenti
al
settlemen
t
No row
problem

Flowchart of Vacuum Consolidation Design

Pilih Seksi Kritis dengan
High Embankment
Settlement
Analysis

Ambil, H=PG-OGL+0.3 m

Stability
Analysis

Collect Consolidation Test

Collect Strength Test

Plot Test Data

Plot Test Data

Pilih Paramenter Desain,

Pc, CR, RR, Cv, Ch

Select Design
Parametres with
Correction

Asumsikan Settlement, p

Run Geoshape
Yes

Calculate Geometry for

Caculate Settlement

Find Emb. Height for p1 100%

for H1
Find Emb. Height for p2 85%
(1) for H2

FS > 1.2 ?
No
Add Berm or Use Stage
Loading (Estimate U)
Run Geoshape
Yes

Use H2 as Final Thickness

Calculate Geometry for Final
Embankment (2)
Calculate Settlement
Print Output : Settlement, p2

FS > 1.2 ?
No
Increase Berm Height or
Width or Decrease
Loading Rate
Print Output Factor or
Safety and Figure

Stability Analysis

End

Referensi. Download Software Plaxis.

Email : andryan@geosinindo.co.id (Andryan Suhendra); asuhendra@binus.ac.id

(Masyhur Irsyam)
Judul Makalah: Studi Aplikasi Vacuum Preloading Sebagai Metode Alternatif
Percepatan Proses Konsolidasi Pada Tanah Lempung Lunak Jenuh Air : Trial GVS Pada
Perumahan Pantai Indah Kapuk, Jakarta.

Vacuum preloading merupakan salah satu alternative soil improvement

method pada tanah lempung lunak jenuh air melalui proses konsolidasi.
Trial menggunakan system Geostructure Vacuum System (GVS) utk menginvestigasi
keandalan system ini. Peralatan mencakup :
1. Settlement plate, untuk mengukur penurunan konsolidasi.
2. Piezometer, untuk mengukur tegangan air pori.
3. Inklinometer, untuk mengetahui arah dan besar pergerakan lateral tanah selama
proses vacuum preloading.
4. Manometer, untuk mengukur tekanan pompa vakum.
5. Analisis untuk memperkirakan besarnya penurunan (settlement) konsolidasi
dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori persamaan konsolidasi satu dimensi dari
Terzaghi (Das, 2006) & metode elemen (Bergado & Long, 1993) dibantu
dengan menggunakan software Plaxis.
6. Monitoring untuk memperkirakan besarnya penurunan & derajat konsolidasi
yang telah dicapai menggunakan teori Asaoka.
7. Hasil monitoring & analisis menyimpulkan bahwa system GVS metode vacuum
preloading cukup andal sebagai alternative metode percepatan konsolidasi
tanah lempung lunak jenuh air.
Kata kunci : Lempung lunak jenuh air, percepatan konsolidasi, vacuum preloading,
GVS, Software Plaxis

Penemu Vacuum Consolidation/Vacuum Preloading yaitu : Kjellman, 1952 &

Chai et al, 2005 yang memperkenalkan suatu metode pengganti prabeban dengan
cara meletakan lembaran kedap air di permukaan tanah dan menyedot air & udara
di sisi dalam lembaran kedp air ini dengan menggunakan pompa vacuum. FYI
metode seperti ini sudah dikembangkan di berbagai negara, namun masih relative
terbatas penggunaannya di Indonesia.

Buka website PT. Tetrasa Geosinindo.