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    Week 1

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    Lestiana Zafitri
    This document discusses need analysis, which involves systematically gathering and analyzing information about learners' language needs. It provides definitions of need analysis from Nunan (1988) and Brown (1995). The history of need analysis is reviewed from the 1960s-1980s, moving from analyzing discrete language items to incorporating learners' perceptions and psychological factors. Types of needs are classified as objective, subjective, perceived, felt, process necessities, and product lacks/wants. The process of need analysis according to Brown (1995) involves making basic decisions, gathering information, and using the information. Key steps are deciding who will be involved, what types of information to gather, and what viewpoint to take. Information can come from

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    Week 1

    Uploaded by

    Lestiana Zafitri
    12 views17 pages
    This document discusses need analysis, which involves systematically gathering and analyzing information about learners' language needs. It provides definitions of need analysis from Nunan (1988) and Brown (1995). The history of need analysis is reviewed from the 1960s-1980s, moving from analyzing discrete language items to incorporating learners' perceptions and psychological factors. Types of needs are classified as objective, subjective, perceived, felt, process necessities, and product lacks/wants. The process of need analysis according to Brown (1995) involves making basic decisions, gathering information, and using the information. Key steps are deciding who will be involved, what types of information to gather, and what viewpoint to take. Information can come from

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    This document discusses need analysis, which involves systematically gathering and analyzing information about learners' language needs. It provides definitions of need analysis from Nunan (1988) and Brown (1995). The history of need analysis is reviewed from the 1960s-1980s, moving from analyzing discrete language items to incorporating learners' perceptions and psychological factors. Types of needs are classified as objective, subjective, perceived, felt, process necessities, and product lacks/wants. The process of need analysis according to Brown (1995) involves making basic decisions, gathering information, and using the information. Key steps are deciding who will be involved, what types of information to gather, and what viewpoint to take. Information can come from

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    12 views17 pages

    Week 1

    Uploaded by

    Lestiana Zafitri
    This document discusses need analysis, which involves systematically gathering and analyzing information about learners' language needs. It provides definitions of need analysis from Nunan (1988) and Brown (1995). The history of need analysis is reviewed from the 1960s-1980s, moving from analyzing discrete language items to incorporating learners' perceptions and psychological factors. Types of needs are classified as objective, subjective, perceived, felt, process necessities, and product lacks/wants. The process of need analysis according to Brown (1995) involves making basic decisions, gathering information, and using the information. Key steps are deciding who will be involved, what types of information to gather, and what viewpoint to take. Information can come from

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    of 17

    Need Analysis

    LESTIANA ZAFITRI
    1517803

    Definition of need analysis


    Classification of need analysis
    Processes in need analysis
    Kinds of information and source
    Instruments and procedures

    Definition of Need Analysis


    A family of procedures for gathering
    information about learners and about
    communication tasks. (Nunan, 1988).

    Systematic collection and analysis of all


    subjective and objective information
    necessary to define and validate defensible
    curriculum processes that satisfy the
    language learning requirements of students
    within the contexts of particular institutions
    that influence the learning and teaching
    situation ( Brown, 1995)

    HISTORY
    1960-70S

    Lexicostatistics,
    register analysis

    1978

    Munbys
    Communicative
    syllabus Design

    Late 1980S

    Psychological
    Stance to Needs
    (Brindley 1989,
    Huntchinson and
    Waters, 1987).

    Needs= list
    of discrete
    language
    items
    Needs =
    functions and
    situations
    Needs = linguistic
    items + functions
    learners perceptions
    + psychological
    constructs.

    TYPES OF NEEDS
    Objective

    Subjective

    Perceived

    Felt

    Process
    Necessities

    Product
    Lacks

    Wants

    PROCESS IN NEED ANALYSIS

    Brown, 1995
    Making basic decision
    Gathering information
    Using the information

    DECISION MAKING

    Who will be involved?


    What types of information
    should be gathered?
    Which viewpoint
    should be taken?

    Who will be involved?

    Need Analist

    Audience

    Resource Group

    Target Group

    What kinds of information


    should be gathered?

    Analytic

    Democratic

    Diagnostic

    Discrepancy

    Situation need vs
    Language need

    Viewpoint?

    Linguistic Content
    vs Leaning Process

    Objective vs
    Subjective

    Gathering Information

    Information required in needs analysis


    (what)?
    Types of Questions

    Types of Instruments

    Selecting Procedures

    Types of Questions

    Solution

    Priority

    Attitudes

    Problems

    Abilities

    Sources of information (who)?

    Learners
    Teachers and Administrators
    Native speakers in the target context
    Documents in the field
    Content teachers
    ESP research (literature)
    Existing information

    Instruments and Data Collection Methods

    Tests
    Observations
    Interviews
    Meetings
    Questionnaires
    Brown, 1995

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