A simple linear model of the

communication process

Figure 1.1

A simple linear model of the communication process

Linear Model of
Communication
Sender:the message creator.
Encoding:the process of putting thoughts into messages
through the creation of content and symbols.
Decoding:the process of interpreting and assigning
meaning to a message.
Message:the transmitted information.
Channel:the medium through which the message passes.
Receiver:the target of the sender and collector of the
message.
Noise:those distractions which interfere with the
transmission of the message.

The Model

SHANNON WEAVER MODEL

Communication Process

Clarity of ideas
Putting ideas in suitable form
Appropriate communication
Message gets to the receiver
Decoding
feedback

FIDO Principle
Frequency: message repeated more
likely it is to be remembered
Intensity: Vivid, Enthusiastic, positive
communication
Duration: short and pointed
messages
Over Again: frequent repetition

Source: The information has come from

somewhere, the origin from where it
comes is the source.
An event(creates a need to
communicate)
Filters: Brain gives meaning to the
message based on
opinions
Attitudes
Beliefs
Cultural influences
e.g. Liberal

Encoding: using symbols, words. The

process begins when the party has
an idea that it wishes to transmit to
another

Channels: Pathways over which the

messages are transmitted

Decoding: converting comprehending

spoken and written words,
interpreting facial expression

Feedback: The process can continue

with the receiver transmitting a new
message back to the original sender.
Whether the message has been
understood properly or not.

Communication Media: Information

Richness and Data Capacity
MEDIUM

INFORMATION
RICHNESS

DATA CAPACITY

FACE TO FACE
DISCUSSION

HIGHEST

LOWEST

TELEPHONE

HIGH

LOW

ELECTRONIC
MAIL

MODERATE

MODERATE

INDIVIDUAIZED
LETTER

MODERATE

MODERATE

MEMO

MODERATE

MODERATE

FORMAL
REPORT

LOW

HIGH

BULLETIN

LOW

HIGH

Barriers to communication

Noise
Feedback
Media selection
Physical barriers(Distance, time)
Personal barriers(Attitude of superior,
lack of confidence in subordinates,
filtering of inf.)
Cultural barriers
Information overload