Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Helena Le - Dynamic Modelling of Natural Gas Piping Systems For The Determination of Minimum Pipe Wall Temperatures
Helena Le - Dynamic Modelling of Natural Gas Piping Systems For The Determination of Minimum Pipe Wall Temperatures
Presentation Agenda
Aspen HYSYS software & the importance of dynamic process
modelling
Brittle pipe fracture
Consequences of poor
piping material selection
Case Study pipeline
depressurisation analysis
Temperature credits with
AS2885 / AS4041
Can result in over-specification of piping as min gas temp << min pipe
wall temp for transient events
Ductile Fracture
Slow,, plastic
p
deformation
(preferred fracture)
Crack resists further extension
unless there is an increase in
applied stress
Figures from V.J. Colangelo and F.A. Heiser, Analysis of Metallurgical Failures
(2nd ed.), Fig. 4.1(a) and (b), p. 66 John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1987.
Brittle Fracture
Sudden,, catastrophic
p
((no
warning)
Crack propagation continues
without further applied stress
What happens
pp
when we depressurise
p
the p
pipeline
p
from full p
pressure?
Normal flow
Depressurisation
AS2885.12007 Figure 4.8.2 shows that for stress < 85 MPa, brittle fracture is
not a risk and fracture control due to low temperatures are not required. For
stress > 85 MPa,
MPa control of brittle fracture is required
required.
Pipe
Size
OD
(mm)
Wall Thickness
(mm)
DN900
914 4
914.4
9 53
9.53
1 77
1.77
Therefore, in this case at pressures less than 1,770 kPag, control of brittle
fracture due to low temperatures is not required.
AS40412006 Clause 2.11.4.3 gives credit for low stress installations for
facility/vent piping, as follows:
For stress (): 50 MPa 107 MPa, a 10C credit is given
Note: 107 MPa corresponds to (2/3).f.M for ASTM A333 Gr6 piping (for given design temperature)
OD
(mm)
DN200
219.1
Sch
Wall
Thickness
(mm)
Internal Pressure
(MPag) at 50 MPa
Stress
Internal Pressure
(MPag) at 107 MPa
Stress
80
12.7
5.80
12.40
Therefore, in this case for pressures < 5,800 kPag, a 50C temperature credit applies
Credits?
36 pipeline
8C
No
8C
8 vent piping
3C
10C
13C
8 ttailil pipe
i
-61C
61C
50C
-11C
11C
Credits
C
dit iin th
the A
Australian
t li St
Standards
d d are b
based
d on ttotal
t l membrane
b
stress (not just hoop stress) and requires final verification by piping
stress analysis
Final Thoughts
The importance of dynamic process modelling for appropriate
material selection (safety in design)
Disclaimer
These materials contain information of a general nature and are
provided for discussion p
p
purposes
p
only.
y Theyy do not in anyy
way represent engineering advice and KBR does not warrant the
accuracy, completeness or currency of the information in
these materials. Any person who uses or relies on these materials does
so entirely at their own risk.