New

Inside Out
Pre-intermediate
Companion
German Edition

Sue Kay, Vaughan Jones & Jill Leatherbarrow

Welcome to the New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Companion!

What information does the New Inside Out Companion give you?
a summary of key words and phrases from each unit of New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Students Book
pronunciation of the key words and phrases
translations of the key words and phrases
sample sentences showing the words and phrases in context
a summary of the Grammar Extra Reference from New Inside Out Pre-intermediate Students Book

Abbreviations used in the Companion

(art) article

(phr v) phrasal verb

(m) masculine

(v) verb

(pron) pronoun

(pl n) plural noun

(v*) irregular verb

(prep) preposition

(adv) adverb

(adj) adjective

(det) determiner

(conj) conjunction

(n) noun

(f) feminine

VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS

CONSONANTS

//

big fish

/bg f/

/:/

calm start

/k:m st:t/

/p/

pen

/pen/

/s/

snake

/snek/

/:/

green beans

/gri:n bi:nz/

//

hot spot

/ht spt/

/b/

bad

/bd/

/z/

noise

/nz/

//

should look

/d lk/

//

ear

//

/t/

tea

/ti:/

//

shop

/p/

/u:/

blue moon

/blu: mu:n/

/e/

face

/fes/

dog

/dg/

//

measure

/me /

/e/

ten eggs

/ten egz/

//

pure

/pj /

/d/
/t/

church

/t:t/

/m/

make

/mek/

//

about mother

/bat m/

//

boy

/b/

/d/

jazz

/dz/

/n/

nine

/nan/

/:/

learn words

/l:n w:dz/

//

nose

/nz/

/k/

cost

/kst/

//

sing

/s/

/:/

short talk

/:t t:k/

/e/

hair

/he/

/g/

girl

/g:l/

house

/has/

//

fat cat

/ft kt/

/a/

eye

/a/

/f/

far

/f: /

/h/
/l/

leg

/leg/

//

must come

/mst km/

/a/

mouth

/ma/

/v/

voice

/vs/

/r/

red

/red/

//

thin

/n/

/w/

wet

/wet/

//

then

/en/

/j/

yes

/jes/

Unit 1 (p. 4)
about (30/50/60 etc) (prep)

/bat/

How old is Ben? I think hes about 30.

ungefhr; circa

actually (adv) (TS)

/kuli/
brigens; eigentlich

My friends call me Ben. Actually my old friends call me

Tree.

amaze (v)
/mez/
verblffen; erstaunen

President Roosevelt amazed his staff by remembering

nearly everyones name.

at least

/t list/

Repeat the name in your head at least three times.

wenigstens

banker (n)
/bk/
Bankier

A banker is someone who has an important job in a

bank.

break the law

/brek l/

gegen das Gesetz

verstoen

If you break the law, you do something that is illegal.

Brise

A breeze is a light, gentle wind.

(1) nennen
(2) anrufen

(Sense 1) My English friends call me Marie.

(Sense 2) I can always call Dave if Im feeling down.

breeze (n)

/briz/

call (v)
/kl/

carefully (adv)
/kefli/
aufmerksam

When you meet someone for the first time, listen

carefully to their name.

choose (v)
/uz/
whlen

Choosing a name for your child is an important

decision.

close friend (n)

/kls frend/
guter Freund

A close friend is a friend you like a lot and spend a lot

of time with.

decision (n)
/dsn/
Entscheidung

Choosing a name for your child is an important

decision.

earn (v)

/n/

Bankers earn a lot of money and are very rich.

verdienen

exercise (v)
/ekssaz/
ben; trainieren

When you exercise your brain, you think hard in

order to remember or do something.

fashionable (adj)
/fnbl/
Mode; modern

Its fashionable to choose names of places for

childrens names.

feel down (TS)

/fil dan/

be focused on yourself
/bi fkst n jself/

sich schlecht fhlen

When Im feeling down, I can always talk to him.

auf sich selber

konzentriert sein

If youre too focused on yourself, you wont

remember peoples names.

follow a trend
/fl trend/
einem Trend folgen

When people follow a trend, they do something

because it is fashionable.

forehead (n)
/frd; fhed/
Stirn

President Roosevelt visualised the name on the persons

forehead.

friendly (adj)

/frendli/

freundlich

Someone who is friendly is easy to talk to.

have a go

/hv g/

einfach versuchen

Its important to participate in class and have a go.

hren von

Have you ever heard of anyone called Sky, Rain or River?

hear of (phr v)

/hr v/

identify (v)
/adentfa/
identifizieren

Your name is how you identify yourself and how other

people identify you.

initial (n)

/nl/

Initial

His initials are CDCharles Denroche.

joke (n)

/k/

Witz

Do you enjoy telling jokes at parties?

learner (n)

/ln/

Lerner

A good language learner practises a lot.

left-handed (adj)

/lefthndd/

Linkshnder

Someone who is left-handed writes with their left hand.

like best
/lak best/
am liebsten mgen

What do you like best in class reading, writing,

speaking or listening?

local (adj)
/lkl/
lokal

Dont name your child after your local pizza restaurant or

shopping mall!

maiden name (n)

/medn nem/
Mdchenname

A womans maiden name is her surname before she was

married.

make a good impression

/mek gd mpren/

einen guten
Eindruck machen

Remembering peoples names always makes a good

impression.

Bedeutung

Does your name have a special meaning?

meaning (n)

/min/

memorable (adj)
/mem()rbl/
unvergesslich

Something memorable about a persons appearance is

something that is easy to remember about the way they
look.

memory (n)
/mem()ri/
Gedchtnis

Ive got a bad memory I can never remember new

vocabulary.

middle-aged (adj)

/mdled/

mittleren Alters

Someone who is middle-aged is between about 45 and 55.

name (v)

/nem/

nennen

Madonna named her daughter Lourdes.

jmd nach jmd/

etwas nennen

She named her daughter Lourdes after the town in

France.

name sb after sb/sth (phr v)

/nem ft/

nature (n)

/ne/

Natur

Names like Sky, River and Rain all come from nature.

notebook (n)

/ntbk/

Notizbuch

Write new vocabulary in a notebook.

nowadays (adv)
/nadez/
heutzutage

Nowadays a lot of people name their children after

famous people.

original (adj)

/rn()l/

People with unusual or original names often feel special.

originell

parking ticket (n)

/pk tkt/
Strafzettel

Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had a

parking ticket!

pay attention
/pe tenn/
aufpassen

The first step in remembering someones name is to pay

attention.

/ppjl/

Beyonc and Britney were popular names a few years ago.

popular (adj)

populr

Really?
/rli/
Wirklich

We went to a fabulous new restaurant in town.

Really? What is it called?

recent (adj)
/risnt/

vor kurzem
durchgefhrt

A recent survey showed that people with unusual names

feel special.

record (v)

/rkd/

aufzeichnen

Its a good idea to record new words in a notebook.

religious (adj)

/rls/

religis

Mary is a religious name.

remember (v)

/rmemb/

sich erinnern an

Do you find it easy to remember peoples names?

pensioniert; im
Ruhestand

Someone who is retired no longer works.

retired (adj)
/rtad/

review (v)
/rvju/
berprfen

Its important to record and constantly review new

language.

shopping mall (n)

/p ml/
Einkaufspassage

A shopping mall is a very large building with a lot of

shops.

shy (adj)
/a/
schchtern

Someone who is shy feels nervous when they are with

other people.

side of the family

/sad v fmli/
Seite der Familie

Which side of the family is bigger your mothers side

or your fathers side?

speak out (phr v)

/spik at/

People who are shy find it difficult to speak out in class.

sich melden; seine

Meinung sagen

staff (n)
/stf/
Personal; Mitarbeiter

stay in touch (TS)

/ste n t/

President Roosevelt amazed his staff by remembering

nearly everyones name.
Dave and I stay in touch by email and phone.

in Kontakt bleiben

step (n)
/step/
Schritt

What are the four easy steps for remembering

someones name?

stressed (adj)
/strest/
gestresst

Someone who is stressed is worried or nervous because

they have a lot of problems.

subtitles (n pl)

/sbtatlz/

Do you watch English DVDs with English subtitles?

Untertiteln

survey (n)
/sve/
Umfrage

taste (v)

/test/

A recent survey showed that people with unusual names

feel special.
The sushi is fantastic the best Ive ever tasted!

kosten

the past (n)

/ pst/
die Vergangenheit

In the past parents named their children after family

relatives.

train (v)
/tren/
trainieren

Learning new words is a good way of training your

memory.

trend (n)
/trend/
Trend

Nowadays naming children after places has become a

trend.

typical (adj)

/tpkl/

Pedro is a typical Spanish name.

typisch

unfortunately (adv)
/nf()ntli/
leider

unusual (adj)

/njul/

Unfortunately when we got back to the car, we had a

parking ticket!
Do you prefer names that are unusual and original?

ungewhnlich

visualise (v)
/vlaz/
visualisieren

President Roosevelt visualised the name on the persons

forehead.

wonder (v)
/wnd/
sich fragen

I wonder if everyone with an unusual or original name

feels special.

Family members

Familienmitglieder

aunt (n)

/ant/

Tante

Your aunt is the sister of your mother or father.

boyfriend (n)

/bfrend/

Freund

Does Marie have a boyfriend? I dont know.

brother (n)

/br/

Bruder

Maries brother calls her Baby.

brother-in-law (n)
/brnl/
Schwager

Your brother-in-law is the brother of your husband or

wife.

child (n)/children (pl)

/ald/ldrn/

Kind/Kinder

Some people name their children after famous people.

cousin (n)

/kzn/

Cousin; Cousine

Your cousins are the children of your aunt or uncle.

daughter (n)
/dt/
Tochter

Madonna named her daughter Lourdes, after the town

in France.

ex-husband (n)

/ekshzbnd/

Ex-Mann

Your ex-husband is the man you are divorced from.

ex-wife (n)

/ekswaf/

Ex-Frau

Your ex-wife is the woman you are divorced from.

father (n)

/fa/

Vater

Your father is your male parent.

father-in-law (n)

/fanl/

Schwiegervater

Your father-in-law is your wifes or husbands father.

girlfriend (n)

/glfrend/

Freundin

Dave listened to me when I had girlfriend problems.

granddaughter (n)
/grndt/
Enkelin

grandfather (n)

/grnfa/

Your granddaughter is the daughter of your son or

daughter.
Your grandfather is the father of your mother or father.

Grovater

grandmother (n)
/grnm/
Gromutter

grandson (n)

/grnsn/

Your grandmother is the mother of your mother or

father.
Your grandson is the son of your daughter or son.

Enkel(sohn)

great grandfather (n)

/gret grnfa/
Urgrovater

Your great-grandfather is the father of your

grandmother or grandfather.

great grandmother (n)

/gret grnm/
Urgromutter

Your great-grandmother is the mother of your

grandmother or grandfather.

half-brother (n)
/hafbr/
Halbbruder

A half-brother is a brother who has either the same

mother or the same father as you.

half-sister (n)
/hafsst/
Halbschwester

A half-sister is a sister who has either the same mother or

the same father as you.

mother (n)

/m/

Mutter

Your mother is your female parent.

mother-in-law (n)

/mnl/

Schwiegermutter

Your mother-in-law is your wifes or husbands mother.

nephew (n)

/nefju/

Neffe

Your nephew is a son of your brother or sister.

niece (n)

/nis/

Nichte

Your niece is a daughter of your brother or sister.

parents (n pl)
/pernts/
Eltern

In the past, parents named their children after important

family relatives.

partner (n)
/patn/
Partner(in)

Your partner is the person you live with but who you are
not married to.

relative (n)

/reltv/

Verwandte(r)

Your relatives are the people in your family.

sister (n)

/sst/

Schwester

Bens sisters call him Big Ben.

sister-in-law (n)

/sstnl/

Schwgerin

Your sister-in-law is the sister of your husband or wife.

son (n)
/sn/
Sohn

David and Victoria Beckham named their son Brooklyn

after an area in New York.

stepfather (n)

/stepfa/

Stiefvater

Your stepfather is your mothers second husband.

stepmother (n)

/stepm/

Stiefmutter

Your stepmother is your fathers second wife.

twin (n)
/twn/
Zwilling

uncle (n)

/kl/

A twin is one of two children born at the same time to

the same mother.
Your uncle is the brother of your father or mother.

Onkel

Unit 2 (p.12)
adventure (n)
/dven/
Abenteuer

If youre looking for adventure, dont go to Dahab its

quiet there.

air conditioning (n)

/e kndn/
Klimaanlage

Its hot in summer, but fortunately my office has air

conditioning.

architecture (n)

/aktek/

Architektur

The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.

buzzing (adj)

/bz/

aufregend

Reykjavik is small but the nightlife is buzzing.

contrast (n)

/kntrast/

Kontrast; Gegensatz

Iceland is a land of ice and fire full of contrasts.

currency (n)
/krnsi/
Whrung

The currency of a country is the type of money that is

used there.

dance floor (n)

/dans fl/
Tanzflche

We went to a disco at 2.00 a.m. and were surprised to see

only a few people on the dance floor.

delicious (adj)

/dls/

lecker

In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

go diving

/g dav/

tauchen gehen

You can go diving in the Red Sea if you like!

do everything wrong
/du evri r/
alles falsch machen

dream holiday (n)

/drim hlde/

They do everything wrong here, but the quality of life

is great!
Win a Dream Holiday for two in our competition!

Traumurlaub

energetic (adj) (TS)

/enetk/
energisch

Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really good

fun.

enjoy yourself (v refl)

/n jself/
sich amsieren

The quality of life is great and people know how to

enjoy themselves.

enough (det.)

/nf/

Its important to get enough sleep.

genug

excitement (n)
/ksatmnt/
Aufregung

Do you like holidays with excitement, adventure and

parties?

fall in love (with)

/fl n lv/

sich verlieben (in)

Now I understand why people fall in love with Africa.

fire (n)

/fa/

Feuer

Iceland is a land of contrasts -- of ice and fire.

flamingo (n)

/flmg/

Flamingo

Flamingos are tall pink birds that live near water.

freezing (adj)

/friz/

eiskalt

The air in Iceland is freezing but the springs are very hot.

go back (phr v)

/g bk/

zurckkehren

Africa is great and I want to go back there.

good fun (TS)

/gd fn/
lustig

hate (v) (TS)

/het/

Argentinian people are loud, energetic and really good

fun.
I really hate living here. Its horrible.

hassen

hippo (n)
/hp/
Flusspferd

Hippos are large African animals with thick, grey skin

that live near rivers.

hot springs (n pl)

/ht sprz/
heie Quellen

Hot springs consist of hot water that comes up from

under the ground.

ice (n)

/as/

Eis

Iceland is a land of contrasts of ice and fire.

island (n)

/alnd/

Insel

An island is an area of land that is surrounded by water.

Im kidding.
/am kd/
Ich mache nur Spa.

My parents live in Hollywood. Really? No, Im

kidding, they live near South Beach.

leave sb in peace (TS)

/liv smbdi n pis/
jmd in Ruhe lassen

There are too many tourists. Why dont they leave us in

peace?

lion (n)

/lan/

be a long way from

/bi l we frm/

Lwe

A lion is a large African animal with golden fur.

weit weg von

etwas sein

Iceland is a long way from the rest of

Europe but its very up-to-date.

lucky (adj)
/lki/
Glck haben

a mixture of

/ mksr v/

Were lucky with our hotel its near the city centre and
we have a fantastic view.
The architecture in Rio is a mixture of old and new.

eine Mischung aus

nightlife (n)
/natlaf/
Nachtleben

There are lots of discos and clubs here the nightlife is

great!

noodles (n pl)

/nudlz/

Nudeln

In Shanghai you can eat delicious noodles in the street.

on your own (TS)

/n jr n/

allein

Emma flew to Buenos Aires on her own.

originally (adv)

/rn()li/

ursprnglich

I live in New York but Im originally from England.

peace and quiet

/pis n kwat/
Ruhe und Frieden

plenty of (TS)

/plenti v/

Im not really interested in nightlife I prefer peace and

quiet.
In Rio there are plenty of restaurants, cafs and bars.

eine Vielzahl

quality of life (n)

/kwlti v laf/
Lebensqualitt

The quality of life is great and people know how to

enjoy themselves.

relax (v)

/rlks/

sich entspannen

You can go diving or just relax on the beach.

scenery (n)

/sinri/

Landschaft

The scenery in Africa is spectacular.

seat (n)

/sit/

Sitzplatz

The bus is very crowded but I usually get a seat.

shop till you drop

/p tl j drp/

spectacular (adj)

/spektkjl/

einkaufen, bis man

zu mde wird

If you shop till you drop, you shop for a long time
until you feel very tired.

atemberaubend

In Africa the scenery is spectacular.

traffic (n)
/trfk/
Verkehr

Everyone has a car nowadays and theres too much traffic

on the roads.

have trouble doing sth

/hv trbl du
sm/

Schwierigkeiten
haben, etwas zu tun

We went out to dinner at 11.30 p.m. and had trouble

getting a table.

up-to-date (adj)

/ptdet/

aktuell; up to date

A place that is up-to-date is modern and exciting.

welcome (n)

/welkm/

Willkommen; Begrung

In Dahab, youll find the best welcome in Egypt.

welcoming (adj)

/welkm/

gastfreundlich

African people are friendly and welcoming.

without a doubt
/wat dat/
ohne Zweifel

Shanghai is, without a doubt, the best place on earth

for shopping!

Adjectives to describe places Adjektive, die eineN Ort beschreiben

beautiful (adj)
/bjutfl/
schn

The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and

clean.

big (adj)

/bg/

gro

Paulo loves Rio he thinks its big and exciting.

boring (adj)

/br/

langweilig

Armelle thinks the village is dull and boring at night.

clean (adj)

/klin/

sauber

The countryside is beautiful and the air is lovely and clean.

crowded (adj)
/kradd/
berfllt

Venice is very noisy and crowded, especially in the

summer.

dirty (adj)

/dti/

schmutzig

The canals in Venice are so dirty and polluted.

dull (adj)

/dl/

langweilig

I find it dull here there arent any discos or cinemas.

exciting (adj)

/ksat/

aufregend

Why do you like Rio? Its big and exciting.

expensive (adj)

/kspensv/

teuer

Because of the tourists, the shops are too expensive.

fabulous (adj)
/fbjls/
fabelhaft

Win a dream holiday in one of these fabulous

destinations!

hot (adj)
/ht/
hei

I dont like Rio much in the summer; its too hot and
humid.

humid (adj)

/hjumd/

feucht

Whats the weather like? Its hot and humid.

interesting (adj)

/ntrst/

interessant

In big cities, there are lots of interesting places to visit.

lovely (adj)

/lvli/

wunderschn

The air in the countryside is lovely and clean.

modern (adj)

/md()n/

Shanghai is a modern, up-to-date city.

modern

noisy (adj)
/nzi/
laut

polluted (adj)

/plutd/

There are too many tourists. It gets very noisy and

crowded.
The canals in Venice are very dirty and polluted.

verschmutzt

romantic (adj)
/rmntk/
romantisch

A lot of people think Venice is a special place a very

romantic city.

small (adj)

/sml/

klein

Armelle lives in a small village with her parents.

spectacular (adj)

/spektkjl/

spektakulr

The view of the city from our hotel room is spectacular.

Compass directions Kompassrichtungen

centre (n)

/sent/

Mitte; Zentrum

Ankara is in the centre of Turkey.

north (n/adj)

/n/

Norden; nrdlich

Hollywood is north of Los Angeles.

north-east (n/adj)

/nist/

Nordosten; nordstlich

Manchester is just north-east of Liverpool.

Nordwesten;
nordwestlich

Manchester and Liverpool are in the north-west

of England.

north-west (n/adj)
/nwest/

south (n/adj)

/sa/

Sden; sdlich

Los Angeles is south of Hollywood.

south-east (n/adj)

/saist/

Sdosten; sdstlich

London is in the south-east of England.

south-west (n/adj)

/sawest/

Sdwesten; sdwestlich

Cornwall is a region in the south-west of England.

east (n/adj)

/ist/

Osten; stlich

Berlin is in the east of Germany.

west (n/adj)

/west/

Westen; westlich

Los Angeles is on the west coast of the USA.

Places in a city Orte in einer Stadt

art gallery (n)

/t gl()ri/

Kunstgalerie

Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries.

bar (n)

/b/

Bar; Kneipe

There are lots of interesting cafs and bars in Rio.

beach (n)

/bi/

Strand

Copacabana Beach is the most famous beach in the world.

bridge (n)

/br/

Brcke

The Rialto Bridge is a very famous bridge in Venice.

canal (n)

/knl/

Kanal

In Venice the canals are dirty and polluted.

car park (n)

/k pk/
Parkplatz

It can be difficult to park in big cities as the car parks are

often full.

castle (n)

/ksl/

Burg; Schloss

Theres a very famous castle in Edinburgh on top of a hill.

cathedral (n)

/kidrl/

Kathedrale

A cathedral is a very big church in a city.

church (n)
//
Kirche

San Marco in Venice is one of the most famous churches

in the world.

fountain (n)
/fantn/
Brunnen

A fountain is a structure through which water rises into

the air and falls again.

high-rise buildings (n pl)

/ha raz bldz/
Hochhuser

In some parts of Rio there are too many high-rise

buildings.

hill (n)

/hl/

The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill.

Hgel

library (n)
/labrri/
Bibliothek

A library is a building where you go to read or borrow

books.

mosque (n)

/msk/

Moschee

A mosque is a building in which Muslims worship.

museum (n)

/mjuzim/

Museum

Paris has a lot of wonderful museums and art galleries.

park (n)
/pk/
Park

The big park in the centre of New York is called Central

Park.

restaurant (n)

/rest()rnt/

Restaurant

There are plenty of cheap restaurants and bars in Rio.

sea (n)

/si/

Meer

Dahab is a town in Egypt by the Red Sea.

shopping centre (n)

/p sent/

Einkaufszentrum

There are lots of shopping centres in Shanghai.

square (n)

/skwe/

Platz

Piazza is the Italian word for square.

statue (n)

/stu/

Statue

The statue in Rio stands on top of a hill.

theatre (n)

/t/

Theater

A theatre is a building where you go to see plays.

Unit 3 (p.20)
affair (n)
/fe/
Affre

Lady Moons husband didnt hide his affair and this made
her feel really bad.

cameraman (n)
/kmrmn/
Kameramann

A cameraman is someone who uses a camera to make

films or TV programmes.

canteen (n) (TS)

/kntin/
Kantine

Fred went to the canteen and this little lady was serving
lunch.

cellar (n)
/sel/
Keller

A cellar is a room at the bottom of a house where you

can keep things.

collection (n)
/knekn/
Sammlung

Lady Moons husband had a collection of fine wines in

the cellar.

10

contestant (n)
/kntestnt/

Contestants Rosie and Dave want to win the 10,000

prize.

Teilnehmer(in);
Kandidat(in)

correctly (adv)
/krektli/
korrekt

The old man predicted the weather correctly and saved

the director thousands of dollars.

doorstep (n)
/dstep/

Trschwelle;
Eingangsstufe

She went round the village and put a bottle of wine on

each doorstep.

drehen; filmen

The director was filming an important film in the desert.

film (v)

/flm/

filming (n)
/flm/
Dreharbeiten

The director and the cameraman talked about the next

days filming.

find out (phr v)

/fand at/
herausfinden

When she found out her husband was having an affair,

she decided not to leave him.

furious (adj)
/fjris/
wtend

He was furious when Hermione told him she was in a

night club.

game show (n)

/gem /
Gameshow

A game show is a TV programme in which people try to

win money.

get your revenge

/get j rven/
sich rchen

When you get your revenge, you do something bad to

someone who has done something bad to you.

heart attack (n) (TS)

/ht tk/

Herzattacke

She nearly had a heart attack when Fred rang her up.

hide (v)

/had/

verbergen

He didnt hide his affair and this made her feel really bad.

von jmd moderiert

werden

If a game show is hosted by someone, it is presented by

that person.

beeindruckt

The director was impressed and gave the old man a job.

be hosted by
/bi hstd ba/

impressed (adj)

/mprest/

in the background
/n bkgrand/
im Hintergrund

When she answered the mobile, music was playing loudly

in the background.

It doesnt matter
/t dznt mt/
Es macht nichts.

Do you agree that it doesnt matter if children lose

touch with their parents?

lover (n)
/lv/
Liebhaber; Geliebte

She was very angry when she saw his car parked outside
his lovers house.

main (adj)
/men/
Haupt-

Do you agree that the main reason for getting married is

to have children?

move (to) (v)

/muv/
umziehen (nach)

We moved to different places and lost touch with each

other.

operation (n)

/pren/

Dave went into hospital for an operation.

Operation

patient (n)
/pent/
Patient(in)

A patient is someone who is ill or injured and receives

medical treatment.

11

post (v)
/pst/
per Post schicken

pour (v)

/p/

He posted Hermiones meal to her with a note saying,

Heres your dinner.!
She poured thick white paint over her husbands new car.

gieen

predict (v)
/prdkt/
vorhersagen

Someone who predicts something says that it will

happen in the future.

be right
/bi rat/
Recht haben

The old man was right he said Tomorrow rain and

the next day it rained.

same (adj)
/sem/
gleich

Rosie and Dave have to give the same answers to the

same questions.

separate (adj)

/sep()rt/

Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.

getrennt

shake your head

/ek j hed/
den Kopf schtteln

If you shake your head, you often mean No. or I

dont know.

be sick (TS)

/bi sk/

sich bergeben

Dave said, Nurse, Im going to be sick.

storm (n)

/stm/

Sturm

If there is a storm, there is a lot of wind and rain.

studio (n)

/stjudi/

Studio

Bobby interviews Rosie and Dave in separate studios.

on time

/n tam/

pnktlich

Hermione was always late she never arrived on time.

nicht besonders
berraschend

My four friends arrived on time, but unsurprisingly

Hermione didnt.

unsurprisingly (adv)
/nsprazli/

war memorial (n)

/w mmril/
Kriegsdenkmal

She left the other bottles on the war memorial in the

centre of the village.

Adjectives and Adverbs Adjektive und Adverbien

angry (adj)

/gri/

bse; zornig

Lady Moon was angry and decided to get her revenge.

angrily (adv)

/grli/

zornig

Where are you? he shouted angrily.

attractive (adj)
/trktv/
attraktiv

At first he found the differences between himself and

Hermione attractive.

attractively (adv)

/trktvli/

attraktiv

She always looks smart and dresses attractively.

bad (adj)

/bd/

schlecht

She felt bad because her husband didnt hide his affair.

badly (adv)

/bdli/

schlecht

I dont play tennis well in fact I play very badly.

beautiful (adj)
/bjutfl/
schn

beautifully (adv)

/bjutfli/

She poured paint over her husbands beautiful new

black car.
Shes very talented and plays the piano beautifully.

schn

12

careful (adj)

/kefl/

vorsichtig

Shes a careful driver.

carefully (adv)

/kef()li/

vorsichtig

I plan my days carefully.

different (adj)
/dfrnt/

anders;
Hermione and I were very different.

unterschiedlich;

verschieden

differently (adv)

/dfrntli/

anders

Weve decided to organise things differently this year.

early (adj)

/li/

frh

I hate getting up in the early morning.

early (adv)

/li/

frh

I always arrived early; she always arrived late.

good (adj)

/gd/

gut

Hermiones ex-boyfriend is a good cook.

late (adj)

/let/

spt

If you have a late night, it means you go to bed late.

late (adv)

/let/

spt

I always arrived early; she always arrived late.

loud (adj)

/lad/

laut

Its difficult to have a conversation when the musics loud.

loudly (adv)
/ladli/
laut

quick (adj)

/kwk/

When she answered her mobile, music was playing loudly

in the background.
They came to see us for a quick visit.

schnell

quickly (adv)
/kwkli/
schnell

Be quiet! (adj)

/bi kwat/

She quickly drove home and put a pot of paint into her
car.

Sei(d) ruhig! ; Ruhe!

Theres too much noise. Please be quiet!

quietly (adv)
/kwatli/
ruhig; leise

Lady Moon quietly placed a bottle of wine on each

doorstep.

tidy (adj)
/tadi/
ordentlich

A tidy person always makes sure things are in the correct

place.

tidily (adv)

/tadli/

Everything on the desk was arranged tidily.

ordentlich

unhappy (adj)
/nhpi/
unglcklich

Her husband didnt hide his affair and this made her
unhappy.

unhappily (adv)
/nhpli/
unglcklich

She thought it was better to be unhappily married than

not married at all.

well (adv)

/wel/

I cook well so I decided to have a dinner party.

gut

Adjectives ending in ed and ing Adjektive, die mit ed und ing enden
annoyed (adj)
/nd/
verrgert

annoying (adj)

/n/

When the dog makes a lot of noise, the neighbours get

annoyed.
Its annoying when the dog makes a lot of noise.

rgerlich

13

bored (adj)

/bd/

gelangweilt

The students are often bored in lessons.

boring (adj)

/br/

langweilig

Sometimes, our lessons are very boring.

confused (adj)

/knfjuzd/

verwirrt

Looking at the map, I was confused.

confusing (adj)
/knfjuz/
verwirrend

The map wasnt easy to understand it was very

confusing.

depressed (adj)
/dprest/
deprimiert

England fans were depressed at the score: Brazil 6

England 0.

depressing (adj)

/dpres/

deprimierend

Brazil 6 England 0 is a depressing score for England fans.

embarrassed (adj)

/mbrst/

verlegen

Children are sometimes embarrassed by their parents.

embarrassing (adj)
/mbrs/
peinlich

Parents sometimes do things that their children think are

embarrassing.

excited (adj)

/ksatd/

aufgeregt

Excited spectators watched the race.

exciting (adj)

/ksat/

aufregend

The race is very exciting.

frightened (adj)

/fratnd/

Angst haben

Are you frightened of dogs?

frightening (adj)

/fratn/

furchterregend

Some people think dogs are frightening.

interested (adj)

/ntrstd/

interessiert

Are you interested in football?

interesting (adj)

/ntrst/

interessant

Shes a good teacher her lessons are very interesting.

surprised (adj)

/sprazd/

berrascht

The boy got 90% in his exam and was very surprised.

surprising (adj)

/spraz/

berraschend

He got a surprising 90% in the exam.

tired (adj)

/tad/

mde

I often feel tired after work.

tiring (adj)

/tar/

ermdend

Work can be very tiring.

eine SMS-Nachricht
empfangen

How many text messages do you get a day?

einen Job finden

I want to get a job for the summer.

neue Schuhe kaufen

Im going shopping; I want to get some new shoes.

sich verbessern

He works hard and is getting better at English.

dunkel werden

It gets dark early in the winter.

warm werden

In the summer, it can get very warm.

Expressions with get

1) get a text message
/get tekst mes/

get a job
get new shoes
2) get better
get dark
get warm

/get b/

/get nju uz/

/get bet/

/get dk/

/get wm/

14

3) get home

/get hm/

nach Hause kommen

get there
/get e/
ankommen

get to work
4) get changed
get dressed
get married
5) get on (phr v)
get together (phr v)
get up (phr v)

/get t wk/

/get end/
/get drest/

/get mrid/
/get n/

/get tge/
/get p/

What time do you get home?

It takes me 20 minutes to get to school; I leave home at
8.30 and get there at 8.50.

zur Arbeit kommen

What time do you get to work in the morning?

sich umziehen

I got changed and went to play football.

sich anziehen

I had a shower and got dressed.

heiraten

Do you want to get married?

gut auskommen mit

Do you get on with your brothers and sisters?

sich treffen

Shall we all get together for a drink?

aufstehen

He usually gets up at 7.30 in the morning.

Narrative linkers Verbindungen in einem narrativen Text

A week later
/ wik let/
Eine Woche spter

A week later, Hermione sent a postcard saying, Too

much salt.!

At first
/t fst/
Anfangs

At first she was only 15 or 20 minutes late. But she got

later and later.

At the end of (August)

/t i end v/

Its my birthday at the end of August.

Ende August

Finally (adv)
/fan()li/
Zum Schluss

Finally she took a pair of scissors and cut the arms and
legs off all his suits.

Last year

/lst j/

Letztes Jahr

Last year, I went out with Hermione for four months.

Next (adv)

/nekst/

Danach

Next she took his collection of wines from the cellar.

One day

/wn de/

Eines Tages

One day she saw his car parked outside his lovers house.

That evening
/t ivn/
An jenem Abend

That evening my friends arrived on time but Hermione

was late.

That night
/t nat/
In jener Nacht

That night she went round the village and placed a

bottle of wine on each doorstep.

The next morning

/ nekst mn/

Am folgenden Morgen

Then (adv)
/en/
Dann

The next morning I posted her dinner to her.

She drove to the lovers house. Then she poured white
paint over her husbands car.

15

Relationship expressions Beziehungen

chat sb up (phr v)
/t smbdi p/

fall in love

/fl n lv/

anquatschen; sich
heranmachen

She chatted Fred up by saying, Ill be your girl tonight.

sich verlieben

When did Teresa and Fred first fall in love?

fancy sb (v)
/fnsi smbdi/
jmd attraktiv finden

get divorced
get married

/get dvst/
/get mrid/

If you fancy someone, you want to have relationship with

them.

sich scheiden lassen

Teresa got divorced after 30 years of marriage.

heiraten

How old were your parents when they got married?

go out together
/g at tge/
zusammen ausgehen

They met in Blackpool and went out together for three

months.

have children
/hv ldrn/
Kinder bekommen

Do you agree that the main reason for getting married is

to have children?

have a row

/hv ra/

She was very angry and they had a row.

sich streiten

kiss sb (v)
/ks smbdi/
jmd kssen

live together (phr v)

/lv tge/

lose touch (with sb)

/luz t/

When you kiss someone, you touch their face with your
lips to show that you like them.

zusammenleben

Is it a good idea to live together before you get married?

den Kontakt mit

jmd verlieren

We lost touch with each other after a few months.

meet (sb) (v)

/mit/

sich kennen lernen

Teresa and Fred first met fifty years ago.

meet the parents

/mit pernts/

die Eltern kennen lernen

I was quite nervous before meeting the parents.

move in together
/muv n tge/
zusammenziehen

ring sb up (phr v)
split up (phr v)

/r smbdi p/

When two people move in together, they start living

together in the same house or flat.

jmd anrufen

Fred rang her up and they met soon after that.

/splt p/

sich trennen

When two people split up, they end their relationship.

/ren t du sm/

etwas vereinbaren

One day we arranged to meet in a caf.

Review A (p.28)
arrange to do sth

chat (v)
/t/
quatschen

We chatted and I discovered Mark was an interesting

person.

16

confident (adj)

/knfd()nt/

zuversichtlich; selbstbewusst Adriana knew everyone and was very confident.

cool (adj)

/kul/

cool

I liked her but thought she was too cool.

far too much/many

/f tu m/meni/

viel zu viel(e)

We eat far too much chocolate/far too many chocolates.

ein erster Eindruck

von jmd

What was your first impression of your best friend?

a first impression of sb

/ fst mpren v
smbdi/

generous (adj)
/enrs/
grozgig

get into trouble
/get nt trbl/

good-looking (adj)

/gdlk/

Debs a fantastic person shes very generous and a lot

of fun.

in Schwierigkeiten geraten; We were naughty at school and got into trouble!

rger bekommen

Someone who is good-looking has an attractive face.

gut aussehend

home town (n)

/hm tan/
Heimatstadt

Your home town is the town where you were born or

grew up.

immediately (adv)
/miditli/
sofort

Deb and Liz met in a caf and liked each other

immediately.

internet chat site (n)

/ntnet t sat/

We met on an internet chat site in 2003.

Internet Chatsite

laugh (v)
/lf/
lachen

a living (n sing.)

/ lv/

Woody made me laugh 20 years ago and he makes me

laugh now!

Lebensunterhalt (verdienen) What do you do for a living? Im a nurse.

look like

/lk lak/

aussehen wie

He looks very young, in fact he looks like a student.

mean (v)

/min/

bedeuten

What does your name mean?

mistake (n)

/mstek/

Fehler

I do my work carefully I never make mistakes!

naughty (adj)

/nti/

unartig

We were naughty at school and got into trouble!

online (adv)
/nlan/
online

They talked online all the time and one day they
arranged to meet.

public transport (n)

/pblk trnspt/
ffentliche Verkehrsmittel

Public transport is transport that everyone can use such

as buses and trains.

similar (adj)
/sml/
hnlich

Deb and Liz are very similar they both lived abroad and
both had parents who got divorced.

single (adj)
/sgl/
ledig

Someone who is single is not married or does not have a

partner.

wake up (phr v)

/wek p/

They were watching TV when the baby woke up.

aufwachen

17

Unit 4 (p.32)
according to
/kd tu/
laut; zufolge

According to environmental groups, cheap clothes are

bad for the environment.

across the UK/Spain etc

/krs juke/spen/
quer durch

New stores are opening across the UK, Spain and

Ireland.

afford to do sth
/fd t du sm/
sich leisten

Jim cant afford to buy electronic equipment its too

expensive.

agree (v)
/gri/
zustimmen

Most men only agree to go shopping when they really

need something.

appointment (n)

/pntmnt/

Termin

Its annoying when people are late for appointments.

on average

/n vr/

im Durchschnitt

On average, people buy 50 items of clothing a year.

avoid (v)

/vd/

vermeiden

Why does Conor avoid going into supermarkets?

book review (n)

/bk rvju/
Buchrezension

I dont bother to do sth

/a dnt b t du
sm/

A book review is an article in which someone gives their

opinion about a book they have read.

sich nicht um etwas

kmmern .

Some women dont bother to look at the price tag before

they buy.

brightly coloured (adj)

/bratli kld/

bunt

Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

compare (v)

/kmpe/

vergleichen

I enjoy comparing prices and quality in different shops.

consumer (n)

/knsjum/

Verbraucher(in)

Consumers pay low prices for clothes at Primark.

cry (v) (TS)

/kra/

weinen

When Eddies sister read the card, she cried!

damage (v)
/dm/
schaden

dark (adj)

/dk/

Friends of the Earth say cheap clothes are damaging the

environment.
Do you prefer dark or brightly coloured clothes?

dunkel

diamond ring (n)

/damnd r/
Brillantring

digital (adj)

/dtl/

He bought her an expensive diamond ring for her

birthday.
Do you have digital TV?

digital

disaster (n) (TS)

/dzst/
Desaster; Unglck

disposable (adj)

/dspzbl/

She didnt like the present and cried when she read the
card. What a disaster!
You cant recycle cheap clothes they are disposable.

wegwerfbar

the environment (n sing.)

/i nvarnmnt/
die Umwelt

The environment is the natural world we live in,

including land, water and air.

18

environmental group (n)

/nvarnmentl grup/
Umweltschutzgruppe

Environmental groups want to protect the

environment.

eventually (adv) (TS)

/venuli/
schlielich

Eventually Eddie found a really good present a foot

spa.

exchange (v)

/ksen/

umtauschen

Can I exchange the top if it doesnt fit?

the fashion pages (n pl)

/ fn pez/

die Modeseiten

Are you interested in the fashion pages of magazines?

fit (v)

/ft/

passen

If clothes fit you, they are the right size for you.

foot spa (n) (TS)

/ft sp/
Fubad

A foot spa is a piece of equipment which you fill with

water and put your feet into to relax.

funny (adj) (TS)

/fni/
komisch; lustig

I bought a lovely card for her and wrote a funny message

inside.

gadget (n)

/gt/

get dressed/undressed
/get drest/ndrest/

give somebody a lift
go mad for sth
go on the internet (TS)

/gv smbdi lft/

/g md f sm/
/g n i ntnet/

Gert

A lot of men like electronic gadgets.

sich anziehen/
ausziehen

I always get dressed before breakfast.

jmd im Auto mitnehmen

Will you give me a lift to the station?

sich fr etwas begeistern

Women went mad for the jacket, which cost 12.

ins Internet gehen

Eddie went on the internet to find his sister a present.

increase (v)
/nkris/
steigen

Profits are increasing at Primark and new stores are

opening.

intuitive (adj)
/ntjutv/
intuitiv

Someone who is intuitive knows the right thing to say or

do.

item of clothing (n)

/atm v kl/

Kleidungsstck

On average, people buy 50 items of clothing a year.

jewellery (n)

/ulri/

Schmuck

Rings, necklaces and bracelets are all types of jewellery.

keep (v)
/kip/
behalten

Do you agree that a real present is something you can

keep?

last (v)
/lst/
halten

Flowers are lovely but they dont last for more than a
week.

manage to do sth
/mn t du sm/

jmd gelingen, etwas

zu tun

Jim never manages to find time to go shopping.

A medium size is neither big nor small.

medium (adj)

/midim/

medium; mittelgro

I dont mind doing sth

/a dnt mand du
sm/

Es macht mir
I dont mind spending a long time looking for clothes.
nichts aus

necessity (n)

/nsesti/

Notwendigkeit

For Conor shopping is a necessity, not a pleasure.

19

overjoyed (adj)
/vd/
sehr erfreut

My husband was overjoyed when I bought him a Swiss

army knife.

planet (n)

/plnt/

Planet

Things that you cant recycle are bad for the planet.

present (n)

/preznt/

Geschenk

Men and women like different sorts of present.

price tag (n)

/pras tg/
Preisetikett

Do you always look at the price tag before you buy

clothes?

profits (n pl)
/prfts/
Gewinne

Profits are increasing at Primark and new stores are

opening.

put on (phr v)

/pt n/

Get dressed means the same as putting clothes on.

anziehen

real (adj)
/rl/
wirklich; echt

Do you agree that a real present is something you can

keep?

receipt (n)
/rsit/
Quittung

If you want to exchange something, you must keep the

receipt.

recycle (v)

/risakl/

Things that you can recycle are good for the planet.

recyceln

refuse (v)
/rfjuz/
sich weigern

Why does Jim refuse to go into shoe shops with his

girlfriend?

rename (v)

/rinem/

umbenennen

In 2005 Primark was renamed the new Prada.

right (adj)

/rat/

richtig

If clothes fit you, they are the right size for you.

second-hand (adv)

/sekndhnd/

gebraucht

You cant sell cheap clothes second-hand.

silly (adj)

/sli/

albern

Men dont usually like brightly coloured ties or silly socks.

size (n)

/saz/

Gre

What size is she small, medium or large?

spokesperson (n)
/spkspsn/
Sprecher(in)

A spokesperson is someone who expresses the opinion

of a large organisation.

(I) cant stand doing sth

/(a) knt stnd du

sm/

Ich kann es nicht leiden.

A lot of men cant stand shopping for clothes.

suit (v)

/sut/

stehen

Red doesnt really suit me.

surprise (n)
spraz
berraschung

I always tell my family I want a surprise for my birthday,

but I never get it.

Swiss army knife (n)

/sws mi naf/
Schweizer Offiziersmesser

A Swiss army knife is a knife with a red handle that

does a lot of different things.

take off (phr v)

/tek f/
ausziehen

Taking off your clothes means the same as getting

undressed.

20

try on (phr v)
/tra n/
anprobieren

When you try clothes on, you put them on to see if they
fit before you buy them.

as usual
/z jul/
wie gewhnlich

As usual she didnt really get what she wanted for her
birthday.

Adverbs of frequency Adverbien der Hufigkeit

always (adv)
/lwez/
immer

My family always ask me what I want and I always tell

them the same thing.

hardly ever (adv)

/hdli ev/

fast nie

Flowers hardly ever last for more than a week.

never (adv)

/nev/

nie

Jim never manages to find time to go shopping.

normally (adv)

/nm()li/

normalerweise

My girlfriend normally goes shopping without me.

occasionally (adv)
/ken()li/
gelegentlich

How often does Conor go into a clothes shop? Only

very occasionally.

often (adv)

/fn/

hufig

Conor often goes into book shops.

rarely (adv)

/reli/

selten

Jim rarely goes shopping with his girlfriend.

sometimes (adv)

/smtamz/

manchmal

I sometimes do my food shopping online.

usually (adv)

/juli/

normalerweise

She usually goes shopping without me.

Collocations: a box of Kollokationen

a bunch of
a bottle of wine/
perfume/whisky
a box of chocolates/
matches/tissues
a bunch of flowers/
grapes/keys

/ btl v wan/
pfjum/wski/

/ bks v klts/
mz/tuz/
/ bn v flaz/
greps/kiz/

a can of beans/
/ kn v binz/
petrol/tomatoes
petrl/tmtz/

a jar of jam/instant
coffee/mayonnaise
a packet of cigarettes/
crisps/biscuits

/ r v m/
nstnt kfi/menez/
/ pkt v sgrets/
krsps/bskts/

eine Flasche Wein/

Can I order a bottle of red wine?
Parfum/Whisky
eine Schachtel Pralinen/
They gave me a box of chocolates for my birthday.
Streichhlzer/ Taschentcher

ein Blumenstrau/
Weintraube/ Schlsselbund

I got lots of bunches of grapes when I was in hospital.

eine Dose Bohnen/

Tomaten; ein Kanister
mit Benzin

Pour the can of tomatoes into a saucepan.

eine Dose Marmelade/

Kaffeepulver/Mayonnaise

He opened a jar of instant coffee.

eine Packung
Zigaretten/Chips/Kekse

How much is a packet of cigarettes?

21

a pair of socks/scissors/
jeans
piece of cake/
furniture/wood

/ per v sks/szz/
inz/
/ pis v kek/
fn/wd/

ein Paar Socken; eine

Schere: eine Jeanshose

She bought her husband a pair of brightly coloured socks.

ein Stck Kuchen/

Holz; ein Mbelstck

A cup of coffee and a piece of cake, please.

Clothes and Accessories Kleidung und Accessoire

bracelet (n)
/breslt/
Armreif

A bracelet is a piece of jewellery you wear around your

arm.

dress (n)
/dres/
Kleid

A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses and

skirts.

earrings (n pl)

/rz/

Earrings are pieces of jewellery you wear in your ears.

Ohrringe

gloves (n)
/glvz/
Handschuhe

You wear gloves on your hands in winter to keep them

warm.

hat (n)

/ht/

Hut

He was wearing a woollen hat on his head.

jacket (n)

/kt/

Jacke; Jackett

My favourite piece of clothing is my blue denim jacket.

jeans (n pl)

/inz/

Jeans

The denim jeans in Photo A cost 120.

jumper (n)
/mp/
Pullover

A jumper is a piece of clothing made of wool that covers

your arms and body.

necklace (n)
/nekls/
Halsband

A necklace is a piece of jewellery that you wear around

your neck.

pyjamas (n pl)

/pmz/

Pyjama

Pyjamas are a jacket and trousers that you wear in bed.

raincoat (n)

/renkt/

Regenmantel

In Photo A Jade is wearing a cream cotton raincoat.

scarf (n)
/skrf/
Schal

You wear a scarf round your neck in winter to keep

warm.

shirt (n)
/rt/
Hemd

Conor only goes into clothes shops if he needs a new

shirt.

shoes (n pl)

/uz/

Schuhe

Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers?

shorts (n pl)

/ts/

kurze Hose; Shorts

In Photos B and D Jade is wearing plain red shorts.

skirt (n)
/skt/
Rock

A lot of women prefer wearing jeans to dresses and

skirts.

suit (n)

/sut/

Anzug

I wear formal clothes such as suits to work.

tie (n)

/ta/

Krawatte

Men dont usually like brightly coloured ties.

tights (n pl)
/tats/
Strumpfhose

22

Tights are a piece of clothing worn by women that cover

the feet and legs.

top (n)

/tp/

Top

In Photo D Jade is wearing a blue-and-white striped top.

trainers (n pl)

/trenz/

Turnschuhe

Do you prefer wearing shoes or trainers?

vest (n)

/vest/

Unterhemd

A vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves.

waistcoat (n)
/westkt/
Weste

A waistcoat is an item of clothing without sleeves that

you wear over a shirt.

Designs Muster
checked (adj)
/ekt/
kariert

floral (adj)

/flrl/

A checked shirt is a shirt with a design of small or large

squares.
A floral design is a design with flowers on it.

Blumen-

pinstriped (adj)
/pnstrapt/
Nadelstreifen-

People such as bankers or businessmen often wear

pinstriped suits.

plain (adj)

/plen/

einfach; schlicht

A plain shirt or top has no design on it.

striped (adj)

/strapt/

gestreift

In Photo D shes wearing a blue-and-white striped top.

Materials Stoffe
cotton (adj)

/ktn/

aus Baumwolle

Do you prefer cotton or nylon shirts?

denim (adj)

/denm/

aus Jeansstoff

Most people have a pair of denim jeans.

leather (adj)

/le/

Leder-

He was wearing an expensive pair of leather shoes.

nylon (adj)

/naln/

Nylon-

I want a pair of black nylon tights.

silk (adj)

/slk/

seiden

He likes wearing expensive silk ties.

woollen (adj)
/wln/
wollen

Woollen hats are fashionable for young people

nowadays.

Unit 5 (p.40)
application form (n)
/plken fm/

Anmelde-;
Antragsformular

Fill in the application form and post it to us.

awake (adj)

/wek/

wach

Awake is the opposite of asleep.

be in danger

/bi n den/

in Gefahr sein

Your health is in danger! You must do more exercise.

23

benefit (n) (TS)

/benft/
Vorteil; Nutzen

One of the benefits of laughter is that it reduces the

effects of stress.

boost (v) (TS)

/bust/

verstrken

Laughter boosts the immune system.

busy (adj)

/bzi/

viel los sein

Heathrow Airport is busier than Los Angeles Airport.

call off (phr v)

/kl f/

absagen

Nobody can come to my party Id better call it off.

cash (n)

/k/

Bargeld

Cash is money in the form of notes and coins.

berhmte
Persnlichkeit

Beckham, Alonso and Federer are all sports

celebrities.

celebrity (n) (TS)

/slebrti/

cheap (adj)

/ip/

billig

Cheap is the opposite of expensive.

clear up (phr v)

/kl/

aufrumen

If you clear something up, you make it clean or tidy.

climb (v)

/klam/

steigen

Do you climb more than 100 stairs a day?

complex (adj)

/kmpleks/

komplex; vielschichtig

Do you think that women are more complex than men?

convenient (adj)

/knvinint/

bequem

A lot of people find shopping online more convenient.

cycle (v)

/sakl/

Rad fahren

Do you walk or cycle to school?

dangerously (adv)

/denrsli/

gefhrlich

If you scored 20 or less, you are dangerously unfit.

deal with sth (phr v)

/dil w sm/

sich kmmern um etwas

I must deal with this problem immediately.

do the ironing
/du i an/
bgeln

When you do the ironing, you make clean clothes

smooth using an iron.

earnings (n pl)
/nz/
Verdienst

Someones earnings are the amount of money they get

by doing a job.

enjoyable (adj)

/nbl/

angenehm

Life is more enjoyable when youre fit.

fill in (phr v)

/fl n/

ausfllen

Fill in the application form and post it to us.

fit (adj)

/ft/

fit; in Form

If you are fit, you are healthy and active.

freezing (adj) (TS)

/friz/
eiskalt

The swimming pool wasnt heated and the water was

freezing.

get ready
/get redi/
sich fertig machen

How long does it take you to get ready to go out for the
evening?

get to sleep

/get t slip/

How long does it take you to get to sleep at night?

einschlafen

give away (phr v)

/gv we/
verschenken

give up (phr v)

/gv p/

If you give something away, you give it to someone else

without asking for money.
Its a good idea to give up smoking.

aufgeben

gorgeous (adj) (TS)

/gs/
bildschn

24

Someone who is gorgeous is very good-looking and

healthy.

hang up (phr v)

/h p/

aufhngen

Hang up your clothes when you take them off.

have a laugh

/hv lf/

lachen

Having a laugh is good for people.

health (n)

/hel/

Gesundheit

If you scored 20 or less, your health is in danger.

healthy (adj)

/heli/

gesund

Healthy people find life more enjoyable.

heated (adj) (TS)

/hitd/
beheizt

The swimming pool wasnt heated and the water was

freezing.

high (adj)

/ha/

hoch

Mount Kilimanjaro is higher than Mount Fuji.

hold on (phr v)

/hld n/

festhalten

Hold on to the board. Dont let go!

housework (n)

/haswk/

Hausarbeit

Do you do at least one hour of housework a day?

immune system (n) (TS)

/mjun sstm/

Immunsystem

Laughter boosts the immune system.

inside (adv) (TS)

/nsad/
drinnen

If it was raining, we stayed inside and did Scottish

dancing.

kick (v)
/kk/
treten

In football you must kick the ball, not touch it with your
hand.

laughter (n)

/lft/

Gelchter

15 to 20 minutes of laughter a day is good for you.

let go

/let g/

loslassen

Hold on to the board. Dont let go!

lie (v)

/la/

liegen

Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?

look my best

/lk m best/

besonders gut aussehen

When I want to look my best, I wear a suit.

lung (n) (TS)

/l/

Lunge

A loud laugh exercises the lungs.

(a) mess (n sing.)

/mes/

Durcheinander

Clear up this mess, please!

novel (n)
/nvl/
Roman

A novel is a story about people or situations that are not

real.

pick up (phr v)

/pk p/

aufheben

Pick up the racket and try again.

possession (n)

/pzen/

Besitz

My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

practise (v)
/prkts/
ben

Im not very good at tennis because I dont have time to

practise.

release (v)
/rlis/
freilassen

When you laugh, you release happy chemicals called

endorphins.

reliable (adj)

/rlabl/

Are German cars more reliable than British cars?

zuverlssig

as a result
/z rzlt/
infolgedessen

rude (adj) (TS)

/rud/

You are healthier than most people and find life more
enjoyable as a result.
Youre horrible! Dont be rude, Rebecca!

unhflich

25

safe (adj)

/sef/

sicher

Is flying safer than driving a car?

(tennis) serve (n)

/sv/

Aufschlag

Andy Roddick has the fastest tennis serve.

auf Besichtigungstour
gehen

Do you prefer to lie on the beach or go sightseeing?

sich setzen

Dont eat breakfast on your feet. Sit down and enjoy it!

(go) sightseeing
/satsi/

sit down (phr v)

/st dan/

smell (v)
/smel/
riechen

If you smell something, you recognise its smell with your

nose.

sophisticated (adj)

/sfstketd/

kultiviert

A lot of people think French food is very sophisticated.

study (n) (TS)

/stdi/

Studie

A recent study shows that adults dont laugh enough.

sweaty (adj)
/sweti/
verschwitzt

If you are sweaty, the surface of your skin is wet because

you are very hot.

switch off (phr v)

/sw f/
ausschalten

Switching off the lights and sitting in silence is a good

way to relax.

switch on (phr v)
/sw n/
einschalten

Only switch on the TV if you really want to watch

something.

talented (adj)
/tlntd/
talentiert

Cristiano Ronaldo is young, good-looking and a very

talented player.

thin (adj)

/n/

dnn

Thin is the opposite of fat.

throw (v)

/r/

werfen

Pick up your racket and throw the ball in the air.

throw away (phr v)

/r we/
wegwerfen

Throw away any clothes you havent worn for the past
two years.

touch (v)

/t/

berhren

In football, you mustnt touch the ball with your hand.

trust (v)

/trst/

vertrauen

Only 8.2% of the population trust the government.

turn up (phr v)
/tn p/
hochdrehen

If you turn up the volume, you make music or sound

louder.

unfit (adj)

/nft/

nicht fit; nicht in Form

Someone who is unfit is not healthy or active.

valuable (adj)

/vljbl/

wertvoll

My most valuable possession is my MP3 player.

walk (v)

/wk/

zu Fu gehen

Do you walk or cycle to school?

wet (adj)

/wet/

nass

Rome is wetter than London.

How? questions
How far?
How fast?

Fragen mit How ?

/ha f/

/ha fst/

How far is it from your house to school?

Wie weit ....?

Wie schnell ...?

26

How fast does your car go?

How long?
How many?
How much?
How often?
How old?
How well?

/ha l/

/ha meni/
/ha m/
/ha fn/

/ha ld/
/ha wel/

Wie lang ...?

How long does it take you to do your homework?

Wie viele...?

How many brothers and sisters do you have?

Wie viel ...?

How much exercise do you do every week?

Wie oft ...?

How often do you travel by train?

Wie alt ...?

How old is Thierry Henry?

Wie gut ...?

How well do you know your neighbours?

Sports Sportarten
aerobic exercise (n)

/erbk/

Aerobicbung

Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.

athletics (n)

/letks/

Leichtathletik

I never enjoyed doing athletics at school.

basketball (n)

/bsktbl/

Basketball

Professional basketball players are often very tall.

cycling (n)

/sakl/

Radfahren

Cycling is a popular sport in France.

fishing (n)

/f/

Angeln

Fishing is the sport of catching fish.

football (n)

/ftbl/

Fuball

Football is a very popular sport.

golf (n)

/glf/

Golf

Golf is quite an expensive sport.

hiking (n)

/hak/

Wandern

At weekends I enjoy going hiking in the hills.

hockey (n)

/hki/

(Feld)hockey

In winter Tina did hockey at school.

horse-riding (n) (TS)

/hsrad/

Reiten

Rebecca hates tennis but likes horse-riding.

jogging (n)

/g/

Joggen

Do you sometimes go jogging?

judo (n)
/ud/
Judo

People usually wear a white jacket and trousers to do

judo.

rowing (n)

/r/

Rudern

Cycling and rowing are forms of aerobic exercise.

rugby (n)

/rgbi/

Rugby

Rugby is more popular with men than women.

skiing (n)

/ski/

Skifahren

We often go skiing in the mountains.

snowboarding (n)

/snbd/

Snowboarding

Id like to go snowboarding. I love the mountains.

soccer (n)

/sk/

Fuball

In the USA, people call football soccer.

swimming (n)

/swm/

Schwimmen

She goes swimming three times a week.

tennis (n)

/tens/

Tennis

You need a racket and balls to play tennis.

volleyball (n)

/vlibl/

Volleyball

Do you enjoy playing volleyball on the beach?

windsurfing (n)

/wndsf/

Windsurfen

Ive never been windsurfing. I cant swim.

27

Sports equipment Sportgerte

football (n)
/ftbl/
Fuball

football boots (n)

/ftbl buts/

The ball you kick when you play football is also called a
football.

Fuballschuhe

Ronaldo wears expensive football boots.

football shirt (n)

/ftbl t/

Fuballtrikot

Jimmys wearing the number 7 on his football shirt.

goggles (n)

/gglz/

Schutzbrille

Goggles protect your eyes when you are swimming.

golf ball (n)

/glf bl/

Golfball

A golf ball is small, round and white.

golf club (n)

/glf klb/

Golfschlger

Golf clubs are the things that you hit a golf ball with.

helmet (n)

/helmt/

Schutzhelm

A helmet protects your head when you are skiing.

net (n)

/net/

Netz

In tennis you must hit the ball over the net.

running shoes (n)

/rn uz/

Laufschuhe

You should wear special running shoes to do athletics.

running vest (n)

/rn vest/
Laufhemd

ski boots (n pl)

/ski buts/

A running vest is a type of T-shirt without sleeves that

you wear when you do athletics.

Skistiefel

How much does a pair of ski boots cost?

ski poles (n pl)

/ski plz/

Skistcke

Ski poles are the sticks you hold when you are skiing.

skis (n pl)

/skiz/

Skier

Skis are the things you wear on your feet to go skiing.

swimming costume (n)

/swm kstjum/
Badeanzug

swimming trunks (n pl)
tennis ball (n)
tennis racket (n)

/swm trks/
/tens bl/

/tens rkt/

A swimming costume is a piece of clothing worn for

swimming, especially by women.

Badehose

Men wear swimming trunks when they go swimming.

Tennisball

Tennis balls are round and usually yellow.

Tennisschlger

In tennis, you hit the ball using a tennis racket.

Sports people Sportler

athlete (n)

/lit/

You have to be very fit to be a professional athlete.

Leichtathlet(in)

boxer (n)
/bks/
Boxer

A boxer is someone who wears thick gloves to fight in a

ring.

footballer (n)
/ftbl/
Fuballer(in)

Beckham, Henry and Ronaldo are all professional

footballers.

golfer (n)

/glf/

Golfer(in)

Someone who plays the sport of golf is a golfer.

skier (n)

/ski/

Skifahrer(in)

You have to be very fit to be a professional skier.

swimmer (n)

/swm/

Schwimmer(in)

All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool.

tennis player (n)

/tens ple/

Tennisspieler(in)

Roger Federer is the worlds best tennis player.

28

Sports places
athletics track (n)
/letks trk/

Athletes run around an athletic track, which is circular

in shape.

Stadion; Bahn fr
Leichtathletik

football pitch (n)

/ftbl p/
Fuballplatz

golf course (n)
ski resort (n)

/glf ks/

/ski rzt/

A football pitch is the large rectangular area where

people play football.

Golfplatz

Walking round a golf course is good exercise.

Skiort

Are there any famous ski resorts in your country?

sports field (n) (TS)

/spts fild/
Sportplatz

swimming pool (n)

/swm pul/

At Tinas school there was a sports field, tennis courts

and a swimming pool.
All swimmers should wear goggles in the swimming pool.

Schwimmbad

tennis court (n)

/tens kt/
Tennisplatz

A tennis court is the large rectangular area where

people play tennis.

Unit 6 (p.48)
audio equipment (n)

/di kwpmnt/

Audio-Anlagen; -gerte

Bensons is a company that produces audio equipment

baggy (adj)

/bgi/

weit geschnitten

Baggy clothes do not fit your body tightly.

bakery (n)
/bekri/
Bckerei

Charlotte dreams of living in a bakery and eating cakes

all day.

best (superl. adj)

/best/
beste, -r, -s

The best thing about being self-employed is that you can

go on holiday when you want.

bite (n)

/bat/

The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.

Biss(wunde)

bite (v)
/bat/
beien

The worst thing that happened to Sally was the dog that
bit her.

both (pronoun)
/b/
beides

Does Charlotte want to be a model or a snowboarder?

She wants to do both.

break your leg

/brek j leg/
sich das Bein brechen

If she breaks her leg snowboarding, she cant do

modelling.

conveyor belt (n)

/knve belt/
Flieband

Rob stood at the end of a conveyor belt, putting eggs

into boxes.

crash helmet (n)

/kr helmt/
Schutzhelm

A crash helmet protects your head when you are doing a

dangerous activity.

29

department store (n)

/dptmnt st/
Kaufhaus

A department store is a large store that sells many

different types of things.

designer clothes (n pl)

/dzan klz/
Designer-Kleidung

When shes modelling, Charlotte wears beautiful

designer clothes.

disgusting (adj)

/dsgst/

The smell in the egg factory was disgusting!

ekelhaft

egg-packing factory (n)

/egpk fktri/
Eierverpackungsfabrik

Working conditions in the egg-packing factory were

terrible.

fall (v)

/fl/

strzen; (hin)fallen

Snowboarding is sometimes dangerous and I often fall.

fattening (adj)

/ftn/

dick machend

Cakes and chocolate are fattening food.

flight (n)

/flat/

Flug

A flight attendant doesnt have to pay for flights.

fruit-picking (n)

/frutpk/

Obsternte

Have you ever done fruit-picking in the summer?

hand out (phr v)

/hnd at/
verteilen; aushndigen

One of Robs jobs was handing out publicity flyers on

the street.

jump (n)
/mp/
Sprung

For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to be

strong.

model (v)
/mdl/
vorfhren

She cant model the best skirts in Paris if she breaks her
leg!

modelling (n)

/mdl/

Would you like a career in modelling?

als Model arbeiten

muscles (n pl)
/mslz/
Muskeln

You need to be strong and have muscles to be a

snowboarder.

nasty (adj)

/nsti/

bse; schlimm

The dog gave Sally a nasty bite.

nightmare (adj)

/natme/

Alptraum

For Rob, working in the egg factory was a nightmare job!

Werbebroschre;
-zettel; -flyer

A publicity flyer is a piece of paper with an

on it.

publicity flyer (n)

/pblsti fla/
advertisement

review (n)
/rvju/
Kritik; Rezension

Actors hate reading bad reviews about themselves in the

newspapers.

season (n)
/sizn/
Saison

Half the year shes a snowboarder, then she goes to Paris

for a season to be a model.

slim (adj)

/slm/

schlank

Someone who is slim is thin in an attractive way.

smell (n)

/smel/

Geruch

The smell in the egg factory was disgusting!

strong (adj)
/str/
stark

You need to be strong and have muscles to be a

snowboarder.

study (v)
/stdi/
studieren

Mia is a model but she wants to start studying again

when shes 30.

30

tell lies

/tel laz/

Lgen erzhlen

People who tell lies do not tell the truth.

top (adj)

/tp/

Top-

Half the year Charlotte is a top model in Europe.

turn (n)
/tn/
Drehung

For the jumps and turns in snowboarding, you have to be

strong.

turn out (phr v) (TS)

/tn at/

Now I have my own company so Im pleased with the way

things have turned out.

entwickeln; sich
ergeben

upset (adj)
/pset/
mitgenommen; betrbt

The reviewers wrote terrible things about me and I was so

upset.

useful (adj)

/jusfl/

ntzlich

Which job do you think is the most useful to society?

various (adj)

/veris/

verschieden

Sally did various jobs when she was a student.

worst (superl. adj)

/wst/

schlimmste, -r, -s

The worst job Ive ever done is working as an au pair.

Jobs Jobs
actor (n)

/kt/

Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie are both professional actors.

Schauspieler

archaeologist (n)
/kilst/
Archologe (-in)

au pair (n)

/ pe/

I was really interested in ancient history and my dream

was to become an archaeologist.
Sally worked as an au pair for a rich family in New York.

Aupair

ballet dancer (n)

/ble dns/
Balletttnzer(in)

You have to be very fit and talented to be a professional

ballet dancer.

bodyguard (n)
/bdigad/
Leibwchter

A bodyguard is someone who protects an important

person from being attacked.

butcher (n)

/b/

A butcher is someone who sells meat.

Metzger

cleaner (n) (TS)

/klin/
Reinigungspersonal

A cleaner is someone who cleans houses, offices or

buildings for a living.

company director (n)

/kmp()ni drekt/

Firmendirektor;
Geschftsfhrer

Mark started working for his father and now hes a

company director.

cook (n)

/kk/

Koch; Kchin

A cook has to have very clean hands.

DJ (n)

/die/

DJ

A club DJ can get up late in the morning.

doctor (n)

/dkt/

Arzt; rztin

A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.

engineer (n)
/enn/
Ingenieur

factory worker (n)

/fktri wk/

Mark didnt work hard at school so couldnt become an

engineer.
Rob was a factory worker in an egg-packing factory.

Fabrikarbeiter(in)

31

farmer (n)
/fam/
Bauer; Landwirt

flight attendant (n)

/flat tendnt/

managing director (n)

/mn drekt/

When Frank was five he wanted to be a farmer or a vet

because he loves animals.

Flugbegleiter(in)

A flight attendant looks after passengers on a plane.

leitender Direktor;
Geschftsfhrer

Managing directors run large companies.

model (n)
/mdl/
Model

When she was 16 Mia had the chance to earn a lot of

money as a model.

nurse (n)
/ns/

Krankenschwester;
Krankenpfleger(in)

Some nurses dont get a decent salary.

personal trainer (n)

/psnl tren/

persnliche(r)
Trainer(in)

A personal trainer writes exercise programmes for

people.

photographer (n) (TS)

/ftgrf/
Fotograf(in)

Elsies a photographer who takes photographs of rock

stars and bands.

pilot (n)

/palt/

Pilot(in)

A pilot is the person who flies a plane.

police officer (n)

/plis fs/

Polizist(in)

Do you agree that police officers are badly paid?

Rezeption;
Empfangsdame

I spoke to the receptionist and made an appointment

to have my hair cut.

receptionist (n)
/rsepnst/

sales assistant (n)

/selz sstnt/
Verkufer(in)

Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in a

department store.

snowboarder (n)

/snbd/

Snowboarder(in)

Charlotte has two jobs shes a model and a snowboarder.

soldier (n)

/sl/

Soldat(in)

Lots of boys want to be soldiers when theyre young.

surgeon (n)

/sn/

Chirurg(in)

A surgeon is a doctor who does operations.

teacher (n)

/ti/

Lehrer(in)

Frank is a teacher and he loves it!

telesales person (n)

/teliselz psn/

Verkufer(in) am Telefon

A telesales person sells things on the phone.

tour(ist) guide (n)

/tr(st) gad/
Reiseleiter(in)

vet (n)

/vet/

Tourist guides take tourists around cities or other

famous places.
A vet looks after animals who are ill.

Tierarzt; Tierrztin

waiter (n)
/wet/
Kellner(in)

Sally managed to get a job as a waiter in an Italian

restaurant.

Time Expressions Zeitausdrcke

a few moments ago

/ fju mmnts
vor ein paar Sekunden
g/
32

I was speaking to Rob on the phone a few moments

ago.

in 1998/2005

/n nantin nanti et/

tu aznd n fav/

last week/summer etc

/lst wik/sm/

(im Jahre) 1998/2005

He went to university in 2004.

letzte Woche/letzten
Sommer

Last summer I did fruit-picking in Greece.

over the years

/v jz/

ber die Jahre

Ive done lots of part-time jobs over the years.

recently (adv)

/risntli/

in letzter Zeit

What have you been doing recently?

this week/month etc

/s wik/mn/

diese Woche/diesen
Im ill I havent been to work this week.
Monat

today (adv)

/tde/

When I was a (student)

/wen a wz (stjudnt) / Als ich Student war

We went on a trip to EuroDisney today.

heute

When I was a student, I wanted to be a snowboarder.

years ago

/jz g/

vor Jahren

Years ago Mark wanted to be a soldier.

yesterday (adv)

/jestde/

gestern

What did you do yesterday?

Work Arbeit
accounts department (n)
/kants dptmnt/
Buchhaltung

The accounts department is the place where a company

keeps records of the money it receives and spends.

advertisement (n)
/dvtsmnt/
Anzeige

I saw your advertisement for a sales assistant and would

like to apply.

advertising (n)

/dvtaz/

apply for (a job) (phr v)

pla f

Werbung

Advertising is the business of making advertisements.

sich um eine Stelle

bewerben

Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant in a

department store.

ask for permission

/sk f pmn/
um Erlaubnis bitten

When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask for

permission.

available (adj)
/velbl/
zur Verfgung (stehen)

I would be available for an interview at any time, even

at short notice.

badly-paid (adj)

/bdliped/

be based at/in
/bi best t/n/

schlecht bezahlt

A lot of people think teachers and nurses are badly paid.

seinen Arbeitsplatz
haben in

Jack works as a bodyguard and hes based in London.

have a break

/hv brek/

eine Pause machen

You look tired you should have a break.

challenge (n)

/ln/

Herausforderung

Im bored at home and feel Im ready for a new challenge.

charge (35 per hour) (v) (TS) //

berechnen (35 die Stunde) Kate earns a reasonably good salary she charges 35

per hour.
client (n) (TS)

/klant/

Your clients are the people who you do work for.

Klient(in)

33

company (n)

/kmp()ni/

Firma

Mark has his own company hes a company director.

have a day off

/hv de f/

einen Tag freinehmen

I never had a day off when I was an au pair!

department (n)

/dptmnt/

Abteilung

Elsie runs the photography department.

details (n pl)

/ditelz/

Details

Please see my Curriculum Vitae for more details.

earn (v)

/n/

verdienen

In which job can you earn the most money?

employ (v) (TS)

/mpl/

beschftigen

We employ a staff of 105.

employee (n)

/mpli; empli/

Mitarbeiter(in)

Arthur is our oldest employee at 87.

enclosed (adj)
/nklzd/
als Anlage

Please see my Curriculum Vitae, enclosed, for more

details.

experienced (adj)
/ksprinst/
erfahren

Edna is an experienced shop assistant who has worked in

different departments.

foreign travel (n)

/frn trvl/

My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel.

Auslandsreisen

go to the toilet
/g t tlt/
auf die Toilette gehen

When we wanted to go to the toilet we had to ask for

permission.

head office (n)

/hed fs/
Zentrale

Head office is the main office of a company where most

of the staff work.

import and export (n)

/mpt n ekspt/
Import-Export

Someone who works in import and export deals with

other countries buying and selling goods.

involve (v)

/nvlv/

mit einschlieen

My job as a bodyguard involves a lot of foreign travel.

look for a job in

/lk fr b/

eine Stelle suchen in

Matt is unemployed but looking for a job in publishing.

look forward to (phr v)

/lk fwd tu/
hoffen, bald

I look forward to hearing from you is a good way of

ending a letter when you apply for a job.

make a living
/mek lv/

It can be hard to make a living as an actor.

seinen Lebensunterhalt
verdienen

marketing (n)
/mkt/
Marketing

outdoors (adv)

/atdz/

People who work in marketing decide how to sell their

products by deciding on price, type of customer etc.
Farmers work outdoors a lot of the time.

im Freien

paid holiday (n)

/ped hlde/
bezahlter Urlaub

Mr Reynolds employees get four weeks paid holiday a

year.

part-time (adj)
/pttam/
Teilzeit-

I need to work 5 days a week I dont want a part-time

job.

position (n)

/pzn/

Edna is applying for a position as sales assistant.

Stelle

34

publishing (n)

/pbl/

Publishing is the business of selling books and magazines.

Verlagswesen

quality control (n)

/kwlti kntrl/
Qualittskontrolle

resign (v)

/rzan/

Someone who works in quality control must make sure

that things are of a good enough quality to sell.
She decided to resign when she got married.

kndigen

be responsible for
/bi rspnsbl f/
verantwortlich sein fr

retire (v)

/rta/

in den Ruhestand gehen

retirement age (n)

/rtamnt e/
Pensionsalter

Sarah is a receptionist and shes responsible for

appointments and accounts.
We never force anybody to retire here.
Retirement age in the UK is 60 for women and 65 for
men.

run a business/department

/rn bzns/
das Geschft fhren
dptmnt/

Mr Reynolds son is going to run the business from next

year.

salary (n)

/slri/

Our staff are happy because we pay them a decent salary.

Gehalt

sales and promotion (n)

/selz n prmn/
Verkauf und Werbung

self-employed (adj) (TS)

/selfmpld/

Layla is responsible for sales and promotion at a

company called Bensons.
Someone who is self-employed works for themselves.

freiberuflich

at short notice
/t t nts/
kurzfristig

If you do something at short notice, you do it without

having much time to prepare or think about it.

stressful (adj)

/stresfl/

stressig

Nurses work long hours and the job can be very stressful.

take over (phr v) (TS)

/tek v/

bernehmen

My sons going to take over the business next year.

tourism (n)

/trz()m/

Tourismus

Tourism is the business of selling holidays to people.

training (n)

/tren/

Ausbildung

Vets and doctors have to do a long training.

unemployed (adj)

/nmpld/

arbeitslos

Someone who is unemployed does not have a job.

useful (adj)

/jusfl/

ntzlich

Nurses, teachers and police officers all do very useful jobs.

vocation (n) (TS)

/vken/
Beruf

Ive wanted to be a surgeon since I was a child its my

vocation.

well-paid (adj)

/welped/

gut bezahlt

Top football players are very well paid.

work from home

/wk frm hm/

von zu Hause aus arbeiten

Working from home can be lonely.

worker (n) (TS)

/wk/
Mitarbeiter(in)

working conditions (n pl)

/wk kndnz/

Half of the workers at Mr Reynolds store are over

retirement age.

Arbeitsbedingungen

35

Good working conditions are important in any job.

Review B (p.56)
advice (n)
/dvas/
Rat; Beratung

If youre not sure what to do, you can always ask for
advice.

ambitious (adj)

/mbs/

ehrgeizig

Helenas ambitious but Im more relaxed.

but (conj)

/bt/

aber

Helenas ambitious but Im more relaxed.

close (adj)
/kls/
nah

Helena and Kate have become much closer in the last

five years.

be complete opposites (TS)

/bi kmplit pzts/

ganz gegenstzliche
Charaktere sein

Tom and I are very different. In fact were complete

opposites.

drive (v)

/drav/

fahren

She earns a lot of money and drives a beautiful car.

full-time (adj)

/fltam/

Vollzeit-

I cant afford to work part time I need a full-time job.

handsome (adj)

/hnsm/

gut aussehend

A handsome man is very good-looking.

however (conj)
/haev/
jedoch

In many ways we are similar. However there are some

differences.

kindness (n)
/kandns/
Liebenswrdigkeit

The best thing about Helena is her kindness she always

buys beautiful presents for everyone.

lend (v)

/lend/

Could you lend me your mobile?

borgen; leihen

listener (n)
/lsn/
Zuhrer(in)

Kates a great listener. If I have a problem, I can always

talk to her.

look after (phr v)

/lk ft/
aufpassen auf; sorgen fr

Helena had to look after Kate because she was her older
sister.

on the other hand

/n i hnd/
andererseits

David talks too much about fashion. On the other hand

hes the kindest person I know.

pay rise (n)

researcher (n)

/pe raz/

/rs; ris/

Gehaltserhhung

Nurses dont earn a lot they should get a pay rise.

Forscher(in)

Kate works for a TV company as a researcher.

save money

/sev mni/

Geld sparen

Shes trying to save money by not buying new clothes.

sensitive (adj)

/senstv/

sensibel

Sensitive people often cry a lot.

smart (adj)
/smt/
schick

successful (adj)

/sksesfl/

She isnt interested in looking smart she usually wears

jeans and a T-shirt.
Helena is the director of a small but successful company.

erfolgreich

36

turn off (phr v)

/tn f/

Turn off your mobiles before going into the exam room.

ausschalten

whereas (conj)
/werz/
wohingegen

David wants to work as an engineer whereas I want to

be an architect.

Unit 7 (p.60)
accommodation (n) (TS)

/kmden/

Unterkunft

Helens accommodation will be with the Odoi family.

arrest (v)

/rest/

verhaften

Police arrested five people.

authentic (adj) (TS)

/entk/
authentisch; echt

Dont you want to stay in a hotel? No, I want to have

an authentic experience.

break away (from) (phr v)

/brek we/
sich trennen von

A small group of people broke away from the peaceful

demonstrators.

be buzzing with activity

/bi bz w ktvti/
viel los sein

Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and buzzing

with activity.

cause (v) (TS)

/kz/
verursachen

Do you agree that multinational companies are causing

global warming?

/knstrkt/

Volunteers help to construct houses, bridges and roads.

construct (v)

konstruieren

coordinator (n) (TS)

/kdnet/
Koordinator(in)

culture (n) (TS)

/kl/

The volunteers coordinator, Bob White, is meeting

Helen when she arrives.
You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.

Kultur

deliver a letter
/dlvr let/
einen Brief abgeben

duty (n)

/djuti/

A group of protesters delivered a letter to the Prime

Minister.
Volunteers do a lot of different duties.

Pflicht

embassy (n)
/embsi/
Botschaft

Protesters marched from the US embassy to Trafalgar

Square.

event (n)
/vent/
Ereignis

The Climate change march was a big event 20,000

people took part.

everybody (pron)
/evribdi/
alle Leute; jeder

In the survey, everybody had used plastic bags for their

shopping.

experience (v) (TS)

/ksprins/

erleben

You really experience the local culture with Eco Holidays.

family-run (adj)

/fmlirn/

Familien-

Im in favour of small family-run companies.

37

farmers market (n) (TS)

/fmz mkt/
Bauernmarkt

I support local farmers and buy food from farmers

markets.

fight (against) (v)

/fat (genst)/
kmpfen gegen

Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid for over fifty

years.

fortunate (adj) (TS)

/fnt/
Glck haben

Helen wants to help people in developing countries who

are less fortunate.

gain (v)

/gen/

gewinnen

Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-confidence.

go through (phr v) (TS)

/g ru/

durchgehen

If you go through something again, you explain it again.

have fun (TS)

/hv fn/
Spa haben

imports (n pl) (TS)

/mpts/

Its my first demonstration and Im having fun with my

friends.
Im against food imports and support local farmers.

Importe

information (n) (TS)

/nfmen/
Information

a large/small number of

a long way (TS)

/ l/sml nmbr
v/
/ l we/

Eco Holidays will send you information about their

holidays.

eine groe/kleine
Anzahl von

A large number of people have drunk bottled water

in the past two weeks.

weit weg

Im worried, Helen. Ghanas a long way from here.

make your way to

/mek j we tu/
sich begeben

A group of protesters on bicycles made their way to

10 Downing Street.

most people
/mst pipl/
die meisten Leute

In the survey most people had bought a hamburger in a

plastic container.

nobody (pron)
/nbdi/
niemand

The survey found that nobody had paid more for

environmentally-friendly products.

ocean (n) (TS)

/n/

Ozean

Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

only a few people

/nli fju pipl/

nur wenige Leute

Only a few people have picked up litter.

organisation (n)

/gnazen/

Organisation

I work for an organisation called Eco Holidays.

organise (v)
/gnaz/
organisieren

The event was organised by the Campaign Against

Global Warming.

orphanage (n)

/f()n/

Waisenhaus

An orphanage is a place for children without parents.

package holiday (TS)

/pk hlde/

Pauschalreise

Were against big hotels and package holidays.

participate (v)

/ptspet/

teilnehmen

20,000 people participated in the march.

penguin (n) (TS)

/pegwn/
Pinguin

pick sb up (phr v) (TS)

/pk smbdi p/

Im in favour of protecting wild animals like polar bears

and penguins.
Whos picking you up at the airport?

abholen

38

piper (n)

/pap/

Dudelsackpfeifer

Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.

poetry reading (n)

/ptri rid/

Dichterlesung

The day started with speeches and poetry readings.

polar bear (n) (TS)

/pl be/
Eisbr

A polar bear is a large white bear that lives in cold

regions.

provided by

/prvadd ba/

hier: gespielt von

Music was provided by bands and Scottish pipers.

river (n) (TS)

/rv/

Fluss

Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

self-confidence (n)

/selfknfdns/

Selbstvertrauen

Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-confidence.

set fire to sth

/set fa t sm/

anznden

Some protesters tried to set fire to a supermarket.

several (pron)
/sevrl/
mehrere

Several people or things is a number that is more than

one or two, but not many.

sick (adj)

/sk/

krank

Sick animals are animals that are ill or injured.

skill (n)

/skl/

Fertigkeit

Volunteers learn new skills and gain self-confidence.

smash (v)

/sm/

kaputt machen

If you smash something that is made of glass, you break it.

start off (phr v)

/stt f/

anfangen

The day started off early outside the US embassy.

be swarming with people

/bi swm w pipl/
wimmeln von Menschen

Trafalgar Square was swarming with people and

buzzing with activity.

take part in sth

/tek pt n sm/
teilnehmen an

In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest

marches and demonstrations.

tick (v)

/tk/

When a clock ticks, it makes a small noise.

ticken

volunteer (n)
/vlnt/
freiwillige(r) Helfer(in)

write down (phr v) (TS)

/rat dan/

Change your life and do something important. Become a

volunteer.
Write down their name and address for me.

aufschreiben

Climate change Klimawandel

campaign (n)
/kmpen/
Kampagne

carry banners

/kri bnz/

The event was organised by the Campaign Against

Global Warming.

Transparente tragen

Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.

demand urgent action

/dmnd nt kn/
schnelles Handeln fordern

They delivered a letter demanding urgent action on

climate change.

demonstrate (against) (TS)

/demnstret/
demonstrieren gegen

The people from Eco Holidays are demonstrating

against mass tourism.

demonstration (n)
/demnstren/
Demonstration

In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest

marches and demonstrations.

39

demonstrator (n)
/demnstret/
Demonstrant(in)

destroy (v)

/dstr/

A small group of people separated from the peaceful

demonstrators.
Matt thinks that the company is destroying the planet.

zerstren

global warming (n)

/glbl wm/
Erderwrmung

A lot of people think that air travel is responsible for

global warming.

ice cap (n) (TS)

/as kp/
Eiskappe

If the ice caps melt, where will penguins and polar bears
live?

march (v)

/m/

Protesters marched slowly to Trafalgar Square.

marschieren

melt (v) (TS)

/melt/
schmelzen

When ice caps melt, they disappear because the

atmosphere is too warm.

peaceful (adj)
/pisfl/
friedlich

A small group of people separated from the peaceful

demonstrators.

peacefully (adv)

/pisf()li/

Most of the protesters marched peacefully.

friedlich

protest (against) (v)

/prtest/
protestieren gegen

Thirty-six million people protested against the Iraq war

in 2003.

protest march (n)

/prtest m/
Protestmarsch

In London today, 20,000 people took part in protest

marches and demonstrations.

protestor (n)
/prtest/
Demonstrant(in)

A group of protesters on bicycles delivered a letter to

the Prime Minister.

shout slogans

/at slgnz/

Parolen rufen

Protestors were carrying banners and shouting slogans.

speech (n)

/spi/

Rede

The day started with speeches and poetry readings.

talks (n pl)

/tks/

Gesprche

World leaders met for climate change talks.

urgent action (n)

/nt kn/

dringendes Handeln

The letter demanded urgent action on climate change.

world leaders (n pl)

/wld lidz/

die fhrenden Politiker

der Welt

World leaders are very important politicians in big

countries.

Environment

Umwelt

atmosphere (n)
/tmsf/
Atmosphre

Matt thinks that Regal Chemicals is polluting the

atmosphere.

bottle bank (n)

/btl bk/
Sammelstelle fr Flaschen

A bottle bank is a place where people can take empty

bottles for recycling.

cycle to school/work
/sakl t skul/wk/

Cycling to work is better for the environment than

driving a car.

mit dem Rad zur

Schule/Arbeit fahren

40

drink bottled water

/drk btld wt/

If you drink bottled water, you should recycle the bottles.

Mineralwasser in
Flaschen trinken

environmentally-friendly (adj) /nvarnmentlifrendli/

umweltfreundlich

Would you pay more for environmentally-friendly

products?

global warming (n)

/glbl wm/
Erderwrmung

The slow increase in the temperature of the Earth is called

global warming.

green (adj)
/grin/
grn

The aim of the survey was to find out how green the
people of Greensville are.

mass-produced (adj)
mass tourism (n) (TS)

/ms prdjust/

/ms trz()m/

multinational company (n) (TS) /mltinn()l

kmp()ni/

organic farming/vegetables (n) /gnk fm/

vetblz/

aus der Massenproduktion

Mass-produced, cheap clothes cannot be recycled.

Massentourismus

Mass tourism can be bad for the local culture.

multinationales
Unternehmen

Do you agree that multinational companies are

causing global warming?

biodynamische
Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming.
Landwirtschaft;

Bio-Gemse

pick up litter
/pk p lt/
Mll aufheben

plant trees

/plnt triz/

If you pick up litter, you pick up paper, bottles etc that

people have left on the ground in a public place.
Volunteers plant trees and do organic farming.

Bume pflanzen

plastic bag (n)

/plstk bg/
Plastikbeutel

Using plastic bags for your shopping is bad for the

environment.

plastic container (n)

/plstk knten/
Kunststoffverpackung

The plastic containers for hamburgers are also bad for

the environment.

pollute (v) (TS)

/plut/

verschmutzen

Multinational companies pollute rivers and oceans.

public transport (n)

/pblk trnspt/

ffentliche Verkehrsmittel

Using public transport is better for the environment.

Flaschen recyceln

Do you recycle bottles?

recycle bottles

/risakl bt()lz/

renewable energy (n)

/rnjubl eni/
erneuerbare Energie

travel by air

/trvl ba e/

Renewable energy can be replaced by natural processes

and is never used up.
Travelling by air is bad for the environment.

Luftverkehr

wild animals (n) (TS)

/wald nml/
Tiere in freier Wildbahn

Im in favour of protecting wild animals such as polar

bears and penguins.

Opinions Meinungen
Im against

/am genst/

Im against food imports and support local farmers.

Ich bin gegen ...

41

Im not anti-cars/tourism etc

/am nt nti kz/

trz()m/

Ich bin nicht gegen

Autos/Tourismus

I believe in
/a bliv n/
Ich glaube an ...

I dont really care about

Im in favour of

/a dnt rli ker

bat/
/am n fevr v/

I dont feel strongly about /a dnt fil strli

bat/

Im not anti-cars I have a car but I think people

should use public transport more.
Im not against tourism but I believe in responsible
tourism.

... sind mir eigentlich

egal....

I dont really care about people they can look after

themselves.

Ich halte . fr gut

Im in favour of small family-run companies.

Ich bin nicht sonderlich

interessiert an ...

I dont feel strongly about politics, but Im worried

about global warming.

I support
/a spt/
Ich untersttze ....

I support local farmers and buy food from farmers

markets.

Im worried about
/am wrd bat/

I dont feel strongly about politics, but Im worried

about global warming.

Ich mache mir

Sorgen um ......

On the Phone Am Telefon

Could I speak to ?
/kd a spik tu/

Knnte ich mit ....

sprechen?

Could I speak to the Managing Director, please?

Wer spricht denn da?

Whos speaking? My names Matt Walker.

Bleiben Sie einen

Moment bitte dran.

Hold on a moment, please. Ill try to put you through.

Ill try to put you through.

/al tra t pt ju ru/

Ich versuche, Sie

durchzustellen.

Hold on a moment, please. Ill try to put you through.

Im afraid hes/shes out.

/am fred hiz/iz at/

Ich frchte, er/sie

ist nicht da.

Hello. Im afraid Mr Carr is out at the moment.

Mchten Sie eine

Nachricht hinterlassen?

Would you like to leave a message? Yes, please.

Whos speaking?
Hold on a moment, please.

Would you like to leave

a message?

/huz spik/

/hld n mmnt
pliz/

/wd ju lak t liv

mes/

Unit 8 (p.68)
Absolutely.
/bslutli/
Absolut

afterwards (adv)

/ftwdz/

I think children need their mothers at home.

Absolutely.
My father left school early and regretted it afterwards.

nachher

42

avoid (v)

/vd/

vermeiden

Avoid talking about subjects such as politics and religion.

become (v)

/bkm/

werden

Its very expensive to become a geisha.

blood-red (adj)

/bldred/

blutrot

Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips.

boarding house (n)

/bd has/
Pension

A trainee geisha has to leave her family and move into a

special boarding house.

brilliant (adj)
/brljnt/
brillant

If youre unemployed, tell them about your plans for a

brilliant career.

cheek (n)

/ik/

Wange; Backe

You should give Mum a quick kiss on the cheek.

comment (n)

/kment/

Bemerkung; Kommentar

If you make a comment about something, you criticise it.

complicated (adj) (TS)

/kmplketd/

kompliziert

Life was less complicated in my day.

Computer-
programmierer(in)

More and more people are training to be computer

programmers.

computer programmer (n)

/kmpjut prgrm/

controversial (adj)

/kntrvl/

kontrovers

Avoid controversial topics of conversation.

cook (v)

/kk/

kochen

You should cook for your boyfriend.

couple (n)
/kpl/
Paar

Do you think couples should live together before they

get married?

customer (n)

/kstm/

Kunde(in)

A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

date (n)

/det/

Verabredung

You should arrive on time for dates with your girlfriend.

definitely (adv)

/def()ntli/

bestimmt

Were definitely not in a hurry to get married.

describe (v)

/dskrab/

beschreiben

We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

develop photographs

/dvelp/

Fotos entwickeln

Miss Lewis taught us to develop our own photographs.

disturb (v)

/dstb/

stren

We couldnt disturb him because he was tired.

do well

/du wel/

gut abschneiden

Tonys father wanted him to do well at school.

ltere Menschen

The elderly is an expression meaning old people.

Maschinenbau;
Ingenieurwesen

Andy went to university and studied engineering.

the elderly (n pl)

/i eldli/

engineering (n)
/ennr/

enjoy (v)

/n/

einem Spa machen

Do you enjoy your life as a geisha? I love it.

entertain (v)

/entten/

unterhalten

A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

entertainment (n)
/enttenmnt/
Unterhaltung

We didnt have a TV so we had to make our own

entertainment.

equal (adj)
/ikwl/
gleich(berechtigt)

You should pay when you go out. Women want to be

equal, but not that equal!

43

fascinated (adj)

/fsnetd/

fasziniert

Both Japanese and foreigners are fascinated by geisha.

fasten (v) (TS)

/fsn/

anschnallen

Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.

Its fine to
/ts fan tu/
Es ist in Ordnung

Its fine to wear jeans and a T-shirt most of the time, but
not when you meet the parents.

firm (adj)

/fm/

fest

Greet Dad with a firm handshake.

flower arranging (n)

/fla ren/

Blumenstecken

Flower arranging is a traditional Japanese art.

foreigner (n)

/frn/

Auslnder(in)

Foreigners are people who come from other countries

free (adj)
/fri/
kostenlos

Scott thinks colleges and universities should be free for

everybody.

freedom (n)

/fridm/

Freiheit

When Scott was at school, he had a lot of freedom.

geisha (n)

/ge/

Geisha

We asked Makiko to describe what a geisha does.

generation (n)
/enren/
Generation

A generation is a group of people who are born and live

at about the same time.

greet (v)
/grit/
begren

When you greet someone, you say hello to them or shake

their hand.

grow up (phr v)

/gr p/

aufwachsen

When I was growing up, my father was always at work.

handshake (n)

/hndek/

Hndedruck

Greet Dad with a firm handshake.

Its a hard life

/ts hd laf/
Das Leben ist hart

be hard work

/bi hd wk/

have sth in common (with sb) /hv sm n kmn/

Its a hard life for a trainee geisha she has to leave her
family and live in a boarding house.

harte Arbeit sein

I love being a geisha but its hard work.

etwas gemein mit

jmd haben

Find out if you have anything in common with the

parents before you meet them.

hide (v)
/had/
verbergen

I have a good relationship with my dad I dont have to

hide anything from him.

high school (n)

/ha skul/
Gymnasium; Sekundarschule Sometimes I want to wear jeans and go to high school

like a normal teenager.
honest (adj)

/nst/

Dont tell lies. You should be honest about what you do.

ehrlich

a horse and cart (n) (TS)

/ hs n kt/
Pferdewagen

I thought you drove a horse and cart in your day.

Hmm, very funny!

hungry (adj)

/hgri/

hungrig

Dont give him a salad if hes hungry.

be in a hurry

/bi n hri/

es eilig haben

Were definitely not in a hurry to get married.

zu meiner Zeit

Life was less complicated in my day.

in my day (TS)

/n ma de/

44

in the back (TS)

/n bk/

auf dem Rcksitz

You have to fasten your seatbelt in the back.

instrument (n)

/nstrmnt/

Instrument

Geishas have to learn to play instruments.

interior design (n) (TS)

/ntri dzan/
Innenarchitektur

Im a sort of interior design consultant. He works in

a furniture shop.

keep sb waiting

/kip smbdi wet/

jmd warten lassen

Women hate it when you keep them waiting.

kimono (n)

/kmn/

Kimono

A kimono costs three million yen, thats about $30,000.

kiss (n)

/ks/

Kuss

Give Mum a kiss on the cheek.

learn (v)

/ln/

lernen

Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.

lips (n pl)

/lps/

Lippen

Geishas have white faces and blood-red lips.

luxury (n)

/lkri/

Luxus (artikel)

I have to work to pay for any luxuries I want.

make conversation

/mek knvsen/

Konversation machen

A geisha has to sing, dance and make conversation.

make an effort
/mek n eft/
sich anstrengen

Make an effort to dress smartly when you meet the

parents.

make a good impression

/mek gd mpren/

einen guten Eindruck

machen

Its important to make a good first impression.

Ehe

Attitudes to marriage have changed over the years.

marriage (n)

/mr/

medicine (n)
/medsn/
Medizin

You must study medicine for seven years before

becoming a doctor.

military service (n)

/mlt()ri svs/

Militrdienst

Scotts grandfather was proud to do military service.

motorbike (n) (TS)

/mtbak/

Motorrad

I had a beautiful motorbike a Triumph.

motorway (n) (TS)

/mtwe/
Autobahn

We couldnt drive fast because there werent any

motorways.

mysterious (adj)

/mstris/

geheimnisvoll

Geishas are beautiful and mysterious women.

obey (v)

/be /

gehorchen

My father was very strict and we had to obey him.

natrlich;
selbstverstndlich

Can you have a family later? Of course, I can get

married when I choose.

of course
/v ks/

Oh dear! (TS)
/ d/
O je

go to the opposite extreme

You have to wear a seatbelt. Oh dear. All these rules

and regulations.

/g t i pzt
ins andere Extrem gehen
kstrim/

photo album (n) (TS)

/ft lbm/
Fotoalbum

Dont go to the opposite extreme and wear your job

interview clothes.
Ill get the photo albums and we can look at some
photos.

45

play a role
/ple rl/
eine Rolle spielen

University students play an important role in the future

of the country.

politics (n)

/pltks/

Politik

Dont talk about politics or religion.

pregnant (adj)

/pregnnt/

schwanger

We got married when Louise found out she was pregnant.

auf etwas vorbereitet

sein; bereit sein

Be prepared to answer questions.

Be prepared to
/bi prped tu/

preserve (v)
/przv/
erhalten

Geishas play an important role in preserving Japanese

culture and history.

be proud of sb (TS)
/bi prad v smbdi/
stolz auf jmd sein

Recently I won a photography competition Miss Lewis

would be proud of me!

public place (n)

/pblk plesz/

ffentlicher Ort

We had to meet girlfriends in public places.

regret (v)

/rgret/

bedauern

I left school early and regretted it.

relationship (n)

/rlenp/

Beziehung

Scott and his father have a close relationship.

religion (n)

/rl()n/

Religion

Avoid subjects such as politics and religion.

research (n)
/rs; ris/
Recherche

Do some research and find out information about the

parents before you meet them.

rules and regulations (n pl) (TS) /rulz n regjlenz/

Regeln und Vorschriften

You have to wear a seatbelt. Oh dear. All these rules

and regulations.

seatbelt (n)

/sitbelt/

Sicherheitsgurt

Fasten your seatbelt, grandad.

serve (v)

/sv/

bedienen

A geisha has to serve and entertain customers.

share (v)
/e/
teilen

You probably dont share the same opinions so dont talk

about politics or religion.

strict (adj)

/strkt/

strikt

My father was very strict and we had to obey him.

Take a seat. (TS)

/tek sit/

Nehmen Sie Platz.

Come in and take a seat.

fr jmd sorgen

If you take care of someone, you look after them.

take care of

/tek ker v/

taste (n)
/test/
Geschmack

You probably dont share the same opinions and tastes as

the parents.

tea ceremony (n)

/ti sermni/
Tee-Zeremonie

The tea ceremony is a Japanese custom that involves

serving tea.

tell the truth

/tel tru/

die Wahrheit sagen

Tell the truth you should be honest about what you do.

topic of conversation (n)

/tpk v knvsen/

Gesprchsthema

Avoid topics of conversation such as politics or religion.

traditional (adj)

/trdn()l/

traditionell

Geishas have to learn traditional Japanese arts.

46

trainee (adj)

/treni/

in der Ausbildung

Its a hard life for a trainee geisha.

varied (adj)

/verd/

vielseitig

Her lessons were interesting and varied.

well-dressed (adj)
/weldrest/
gut gekleidet

You may be good-looking and well-dressed but you

have to make her laugh as well.

without question
/wat kwes()n/
ohne Widerrede

He was very strict we had to obey him without

question.

Education and Training Bildung und Ausbildung

academic (adj) (TS)

/kdemk/

apply for a place

/pla fr ples/

akademisch

I wasnt very academic at school, but I loved art.

sich um einen
Studienplatz bewerben

At 17 or 18 many students apply for a place

at university.

competition (n) (TS)

/kmptn/
Wettbewerb

Recently I won a photography competition Miss Lewis

would be proud of me!

course (n)

/ks/

Kurs

Students get a degree when they finish the course.

degree (n)

/dgri/

Hochschulabschluss

Students get a degree when they finish the course.

end-of-year exam (n)

/endvj gzm/
Jahresabschlussprfung

If you fail your end-of-year exams, you can usually take

them again.

entrance exam (n)

/entrns gzm/
Aufnahmeprfung

You have to pass an entrance exam if you want to go to

university.

fail (an exam) (v)

/fel (n gzm) /

durchfallen

Did you pass your exam or fail?

finals (n pl)

/fanlz/

Abschlussprfungen

Final year exams are often called finals.

gap year (n)

/gp j/

ein Jahr Pause zwischen

Schule und Studium

A gap year is a year between school and university

when students often go abroad.

get a place at (university)

/get ples/

einen Studienplatz
bekommen

When Tony was eighteen, he got a place at university.

eine Universitt besuchen

It costs a lot of money to go to university.

etwas gut knnen

Art was Andys favourite subject he was good at it.

go to university
be good at sth

/g t junvsti/
/bi gd t sm/

grant (n)
/grnt/
Stipendium

My parents didnt support me financially because I got a

grant.

homework (n)

/hmwk/

Hausaufgaben

leave school/university

/liv skul/junvsti/

Schule/Universitt verlassen Gordon left school early and regretted it afterwards.

Tony had to do his homework every night after school.

lesson (n)
/lesn/
Unterrichtsstunde

She was a really good teacher her lessons were

interesting and varied.

47

nursery school (n)

/ns()ri skul/
Kindergarten

pass (a test/exam) (v)

/ps ( test/gzm) /

Most children go to nursery school between the ages of

3 and 5.

bestehen

Students get a degree when they pass the final exams.

Children start primary school at the age of 5.

primary school (n)

/pramri skul/

Grundschule

qualify (v)

/kwlfa/

die Ausbildung abschlieen It takes seven years before you qualify as a doctor.

secondary school (n)

/seknd()ri skul/

Sekundarstufe

Children start secondary school at the age of 11.

studies (n pl)

/stdiz/

Studium

Scotts parents pay for his college studies.

subject (n)

/sbekt/

Fach

Whats your favourite subject at school?

support sb financially

/spt smbdi
jmd finanziell untersttzen
fann()li/

take a test/exam
/tek test/gzm/

train (v)

/tren/

My parents didnt support me financially because I got

a grant.

einen Test/eine
Prfung machen

If you fail your end-of-year exams, you can usually take

them again.

eine Ausbildung erhalten

What job would you like to train for?

vocational course (n)

/vken()l ks/
berufsorientierter Kurs

A vocational course is one such as secretarial studies or

car maintenance that trains you directly for a job.

Unit 9 (p.76)
ability (n)

/blti/

Fhigkeit

Someone who is confident is certain about their abilities.

addictive (adj)

/dktv/

schtig machend

Coffee can be addictive argument.

appear (v)
/p/
erscheinen

On some people, dimples appear in their cheeks when

they smile.

around (prep)

/rand/

um

A true smile involves the muscles around the eyes.

authority (n)

/rti/

Autoritt

Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.

care (about) (v)

/ker (bat) /
sich kmmern um

Someone who is sensitive cares about other peoples

feelings.

the centre of attention

/ sentr v tenn/

Mittelpunkt der
Aufmerksamkeit

Sensitive people dont usually like being the centre of

attention in a crowd.

sicher

Someone who is confident is certain about their abilities.

certain (adj)

/stn/

a cold (n)
/ kld/
eine Erkltung

When you have a cold, your nose is blocked and you

cough.

48

at the corners of
/t knz v/
in den Mundwinkeln

the cost of living (n)

/ kst v lv/

A true smile involves the muscles at the corners of the

mouth.

Lebensunterhaltskosten

The cost of living is cheap in Thailand.

the country (n)

/ kntri/

das Land

Do you like doing long walks in the country?

crowd (n)

/krad/

Menge

Shy people do not feel confident in a crowd.

the edge of
/i e v/
Rand

encourage (v)

/nkr/

When people smile, wrinkles appear around the edge of

their eyes.
A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.

ermuntern

enjoyment (n)
/nmnt/
Vergngen

The genuine smile of enjoyment makes us feel good,

and other people too.

extremely (adv)

/kstrimli/

uerst

A true smile is extremely hard to fake.

fake (adj)

/fek/

falsch

Fake is the opposite of true.

fake (v)

/fek/

flschen

Its very difficult to fake a true smile.

for (prep)
/weak f; strong f/
seit

How long have you been here, Jeff? For about six
months.

genuine (adj)

/enjun/

genuin; echt

Genuine means the same as true.

go up (phr v)

/g p/

hochgehen

When people smile their eyebrows go up.

have a conversation
/hv knvsen/
ein Gesprch haben

have a tooth out

/hv tu at/

einen Zahn ziehen lassen

When two people have a conversation, they talk to

each other.
When you have a tooth out, the dentist removes it.

honeymoon (n) (TS)

/hnimun/
Flitterwochen

A honeymoon is a holiday that two people have after

they get married.

horrible (adj)
/hrbl/
furchtbar

If your aunt gives you a horrible birthday present, you

might give a polite smile.

inspiring (adj) (TS)

/nspar/

inspirierend

An inspiring place makes you feel happy and excited.

irritating (adj)

/rtet/

lstig

Optimists can sometimes be irritating.

joker (n)
/k/
Witzbold

A joker is someone with a good sense of humour who

likes doing or saying funny things.

jungle (n)
/gl/
Dschungel

The jungles in the north of Thailand are perfect for

elephant trekking.

kill (v)

/kl/

umbringen

Ive got a cold. Dont worry it wont kill you.

laid-back (adj) (TS)

/ledbk/

entspannt

A laid-back lifestyle is calm and relaxed.

lifestyle (n)

/lafstal/

Lebensstil

Your lifestyle is the type of life you lead.

49

lock (v)

/lk/

abschlieen

When you lock a door, you close it using a key.

make sb feel good

/mek smbdi fil

gd/

jmd sich wohlfhlen

lassen

A true smile makes you and other people feel good.

miserable (adj)

/mz()rbl/

elend; unglcklich

Miserable means very sad or unhappy.

miss (v) (TS)

/ms/
vermissen

mouth-watering (adj)

/mawtr/

What do you miss about home? Not the weather or

food, but I miss my family and friends.
Mouth-watering food smells or tastes good.

appetitlich

obvious (adj) (TS)

/bvis/
offensichtlich

What does Jeff like about Thailand, apart from the

obvious things like weather, food and lifestyle?

optimist (n)

/ptmst/

Optimist(in)

An optimist sees the positive side of life.

pessimist (n)

/pesmst/

Pessimist(in)

A pessimist sees the negative side of life.

polite (adj)
/plat/
hflich

propose (v)

/prpz/

A polite smile is the sort of smile you give when someone

gives you a horrible birthday present.
Im going to propose to Dawn I hope she says yes.

vorschlagen

raised (adj)
/rezd/
hochgezogen

Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a

true smile.

realist (n)

/rlst/

Realist(in)

A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.

rebel (n)

/rebl/

Rebell(in)

Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.

rent (v) (TS)

/rent/
mieten

respect (n)

/rspekt/

Hans has rented a house in Thailand because he wants to

write a novel.
Someone who is a rebel has no respect for authority.

Respekt

rose petals (n pl) (TS)

/rz petlz/
Rosenblten

The Rayavadee Hotel is wonderful they put rose petals

in our bath!

sense of humour (n)

/sens v hjum/
Sinn fr Humor

Someone who has a good sense of humour can laugh at

things and tell jokes.

the positive/negative
side of life

/ pztv/negtv
sad v laf/

die positive/negative
Seite des Lebens

An optimist sees the positive side of life; a pessimist

sees the negative side of life.

since (prep)
/sns/
seit

Becky and Jeff have been running a bar on the beach

since 2004.

smile (n)
/smal/
Lcheln

Very often social smiles are not real; they are fake
smiles.

smile (v)
/smal/
lcheln

According to research, we smile for many different

reasons.

50

social smile (n)

/sl smal/
soziales Lcheln

Very often social smiles are not real; they are fake
smiles.

speaker (n)

/spik/

Sprecher(in)

A listener will smile to encourage the speaker.

start up (phr v) (TS)

/stt p/

anfangen mit

I hope to start up my own company soon.

fernbleiben

Tourists stayed away for a long time after the tsunami.

stay away (phr v) (TS)

/ste we/

be sure of yourself
/bi v jself/
selbstsicher sein

People who are sure of themselves are often bossy and

ambitious.

tighten (v)
/tatn/
straffen

Fake smiles are easy to do you just have to tighten

the muscles in your cheeks.

toothy (adj)

/tui/

die Zhne zeigend

A toothy smile is one in which you show your teeth.

ups and downs (n pl)

/ps n danz/

Hhen und Tiefen

A realist knows that there are ups and downs in life.

upset (v)
/pset/
aus der Ruhe bringen

Someone who is easygoing is calm and is not easy to

upset.

vibrant (adj)

/vabrnt/

pulsierend

A place that is vibrant is lively and interesting.

waste time

/west tam/

Zeit verschwenden

I never waste time worrying about the future.

whatever (pron) (TS)

/wtev/
wie auch immer

Shall we go to the cinema? Yeah, whatever. I dont

really mind.

wide (adj)
/wad/
breit

A wide, toothy smile shows that a person is easygoing

and friendly.

wrinkle (n)
/rkl/
Falte

Wrinkles are small lines that appear in the skin on your

face.

Adjectives to describe CharaCter Adjektive, den den Charakter beschreiben

ambitious (adj)

/mbs/

Someone who is ambitious wants to be successful.

ehrgeizig

bossy (adj)
/bsi/
herrschschtig

calm (adj)

/km/

Someone who is bossy likes telling other people what to

do.
Someone who is calm is relaxed and not easy to upset.

ruhig

cheeky (adj)
/iki/
frech

Someone who is cheeky has a good sense of humour but

no respect for authority.

confident (adj)

/knfd()nt/

selbstbewusst

Someone who is confident is certain about their abilities.

easygoing (adj)

/izig/

gelassen; lssig

Someone who is easygoing is relaxed and calm.

friendly (adj)

/frendli/

freundlich

A friendly person enjoys being with other people.

51

hardworking (adj)
/hdwk/
fleiig

Hardworking, ambitious people work hard to get what

they want.

loyal (adj)

/ll/

loyal

A loyal friend continues to support you in difficult times.

nervous (adj)

/nvs/

nervs

Shy people are nervous in the company of other people.

relaxed (adj)
rlkst
entspannt

A relaxed person is calm and does not worry a lot about

things.

sensitive (adj)

/senstv/

sensibel

Sensitive people care about other peoples feelings.

shy (adj)

/a/

schchtern

Shy people can also be loyal, sensitive friends.

sociable (adj)
/sbl/
kontaktfreudig

Sociable people are friendly and enjoy being with other

people.

warm (adj)
/wm/
warm

If you have a warm personality, you are friendly and

sociable.

welcoming (adj)

/welkm/

The people in Thailand are warm and welcoming.

gastfreundlich

Body idioms Idiomatische Ausdrcke, die mit dem Krper tun haben
cost an arm and a leg
/kst n m n leg/
sehr viel kosten

give sb a hand

/gv smbdi hnd/

Something that costs an arm and a leg is extremely

expensive.
If you give someone a hand, you help them.

jmd helfen

keep your fingers crossed

/kip j fgz krst/
Daumen drcken
(for sb)
not see eye to eye with sb

If you keep your fingers crossed for someone, you

hope that something good will happen to them.

/nt si a tu a w
anderer Meinung sein
smbdi/

pull sbs leg

/pl smbdiz leg/
jmd auf den Arm nehmen

The Face/Hair

If you pull someones leg, you say something to them as

a joke.

das Gesicht/die Haare

cheeks (n pl)
/iks/
Wangen; Backen

curly (adj)

People who do not see eye to eye with each other, do

not get on together or agree.

/kli/

Your cheeks are the soft parts on each side of your face
below your eyes.
Curly hair is not straight and falls in rings or circles.

lockig; kraus

dimple (n)
/dmpl/
Grbchen

In some people, dimples appear in their cheeks when

they smile.

eyebrows (n pl)
/abraz/
Augenbrauen

Raised eyebrows and dimples in the cheeks are signs of a

true smile.

52

full (adj)

/fl/

Full lips are wide and round.

voll

mouth (n)
/ma/
Mund

pale (adj)

/pel/

Your mouth is the part of your face that you eat and
speak with.
Pale cheeks are white in colour.

blass

pointed (adj)
/pntd/
Spitz-

rosy (adj)

/rzi/

A pointed chin is long and narrow, with a point at the

end.
Rosy cheeks are red or pink in colour.

rosig

square (adj)
/skwe/
kantig; eckig

straight (adj)

/stret/

A square chin has straight edges and is not curved or

pointed.
1) Straight hair has no curls or waves.

glatt; gerade

2) Straight teeth are in the correct position and do not

lean to one side.

teeth (n pl)

/ti/

Zhne

Its important to brush your teeth regularly.

thick (adj)

/k/

dicht; dick

Thick eyebrows are wide with a lot of hairs.

thin (adj)

/n/

dnn

1) Thin lips are straight and narrow.

2) Thin eyebrows are narrow with not many hairs.

wavy (adj)

/wevi/

wellig; lockig

Wavy hair has waves or small curls in it.

white (adj)

/wat/

wei

White teeth are the same colour as milk and look clean.

close our eyes to sth (TS)

/klz r az t
sm/

sich einer Sache

gegenber blind stellen

We mustnt close our eyes to the problem of

the environment.

fairly (adv)

/feli/

ziemlich

Fairly is a word meaning quite.

gardener (n) (TS)

/gdn/

Grtner(in)

After Dad lost his job, he started working as a gardener.

get tired of (TS)

/get tad v/

etwas satt haben

Callum gets tired of eating potatoes, salad and apples.

Review C (p.84)

go green
/g grin/
grn werden

If you go green, you start do live in a way that is healthy

for the environment.

healthily (adv)
/helli/
gesund

We eat very healthily now and Ive learned to cook some

interesting vegetables.

53

issue (n) (TS)

/u; sju/

Angelegenheit; Frage;
Problem

persuade (v) (TS)

/pswed/
berreden

serious (adj)

/sris/

He started working as a gardener and thats how he

became interested in green issues.
Environmental groups try to persuade people to change
their lives.
Hazel knew Phil was serious about it, so she said yes.

ernst

split up (with) (phr v)

/splt p/
sich trennen von

Meg wants to split up with her boyfriend as they have

nothing in common.

worthwhile (adj)
/wwal/
sinnvoll

Meg wants to do something worthwhile so shes going

to give some money to Greenpeace.

Unit 10 (p.88)
ancestors (n pl)
/nsestz/
Vorfahren

army officer (n)
as soon as

/mi fs/

/z sun z/

be like chalk and cheese

/bi lak k n iz/

Your ancestors are people related to you who lived a

long time ago.

Armeeoffizier

Darren is 26 and training to be an army officer.

sobald

As soon as your husband arrives, hell have a fitness test.

so verschieden wie
Tag und Nacht sein

Is Petes sister like him? Not at all theyre like chalk

and cheese.

click on (phr v)
/klk n/
anklicken

consider (v)

/knsd/

Once youre on the website, just click on the dish to see

the complete recipe.
If you consider something, you think about it.

berlegen

consist (of) (v)

/knsst (v) /
bestehen aus

Their low-calorie diet consists of three quarters plant

food and one quarter animal food.

cute (adj)

/kjut/

niedlich

The little red Porsche was cute but I didnt use it much.

drive sb crazy

/drav smbdi krezi/

in den Wahnsinn treiben

My poor Daddy I used to drive him crazy!

driving licence (n)

/drav lasns/
Fhrerschein

I got a car for my 17th birthday, but I didnt even have a

driving licence.

engrave (v)
/ngrev/
eingravieren; einschnitzen

If you engrave something onto stone, you write it there

using something such as a knife.

fitness test (n)

be full of beans

/ftns test/
/bi fl v/

Fitnessprfung

As soon as your husband arrives, hell have a fitness test

putzmunter sein

If you are full of beans, you are very energetic.

54

guy (n)
/ga/
Kerl

He used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but I

wasnt interested in them.

heaven (n)
/hevn/
Himmel

Heaven is the place where good people are supposed

to go when they die.

introduce (v)
/ntrdjus/
vorstellen

Daddy used to introduce me to all these nice guys, but I

wasnt interested.

Its a piece of cake.

/ts pis v kek/

Es ist ein Kinderspiel.

knock (v)
/nk/
klopfen

lazy (adj)

/lezi/

If someone is ill, a neighbour will always knock on their

door to see how they are.
When Darren was a student, he used to be very lazy.

faul

love-hate relationship (n)

/lvhet rlenp/
Hass-Liebe-Beziehung

low-calorie (adj)

/lklri/

mit wenig Kalorien

luggage (n)
/lg/
Gepck

non-existent (adj)

/nngzst()nt/

not be sbs cup of tea

/nt bi smbdz kp
nicht jmds Typ sein
v ti/

be packed in like sardines

/bi pkt n lak

sdinz/

Its not difficult at all, in fact its a piece of cake.

I had a love-hate relationship with that car I loved it

when it worked but I hated it when it broke down!
Okinawans eat a low-calorie diet.
We didnt take any luggage because there wasnt any
room for suitcases.
Nobody is in a hurry and timetables are non-existent.

nicht vorhanden

What do you think of that guy? Hes OK, but hes not
really my cup of tea.

wie die Sardinen

It was so crowded we were packed in like sardines.
hineingepfercht warden

proverb (n)
/prvb/
Sprichwort

A proverb is a short, well-known statement that gives

practical advice about life.

serving (n)
/sv/
Portion

The Okinawans eat seven servings of fruit and

vegetables every day.

set (v)
/set/
untergehen

When the sun sets, it slowly disappears at the end of the

day.

stamina (n) (TS)

/stmn/

Durchhaltevermgen

Darren is very strong and has amazing stamina.

stone (n)
/stn/
Stein

Near a beach there is a large stone with a proverb

engraved on it.

stress-free (adj)
/stresfri/
stressfrei

If you have a healthy diet and a stress-free lifestyle, you

will live longer.

stress-resistant (adj)
/stresrzst()nt/
widerstandsfhig

If you have a stress-resistant personality, you do not

suffer from stress.

strictly (adv) (TS)

/strktli/
strengstens

Youre not allowed to have a cigarette in here its a

strictly no-smoking area.

55

tent (n)
/tent/
Zelt

Every weekend we left town with our tent in the back of

the car.

timetable (n)
/tamtebl/
Terminplan; Zeitplan

A timetable is a list of times at which you must do

something or at which something happens.

be in trouble
/bi n trbl/
rger bekommen

If you have a cigarette in a no-smoking area, youll be in

trouble!

well-built (adj)

/welblt/

krftig gebaut

Someone who is well-built has a body that looks strong.

youth (n)

/ju/

Jugendliche(r)

A youth is a young person, usually a teenager.

Cars Automobile
/e kndn/

Klimaanlage

Air conditioning is a system that makes the air colder.

bonnet (n)
/bnt/
Motorhaube

The bonnet is the front part of a car that covers the

engine.

boot (n)
/but/
Kofferraum

The boot is the back part of a car that you can put
luggage into.

break down (phr v)

/brek dan/
eine Panne haben

If your car breaks down, it stops working and you cant

use it.

bumper (n)
/bmp/
Stostange

A bumper is a piece of metal or rubber at the front and

back of a car that protects it.

air conditioning (n)

economical (adj)

/iknmkl;
wirtschaftlich
eknmkl/

A car that is economical to run does not use a lot of

petrol.

engine (n)
/enn/
Motor

The engine is the part of a car that uses petrol to

produce movement.

environmentally friendly (adj) /nvarnmentlifrendli/

umweltfreundlich

A car that is environmentally friendly is designed not

to harm the environment.

fall off (phr v)

/fl f/

One day it was raining, and the windscreen wiper fell off!

herunterfallen

flashy (adj) (TS)

/fli/
auffllig

Id like to drive a Chevrolet with a silver bumper and big,

flashy headlights.

gear stick (n)

/g stk/
Schalthebel

The gear stick is the short metal stick in a car that you
use when you increase speed.

glamorous (adj) (TS)

/glmrs/
flott; schick

Id love to wear glamorous evening clothes and go to a

restaurant in a Chevrolet!

handbrake (n)
/hndbrek/
Handbremse

You pull a handbrake with your hand to keep a car still

after it has stopped.

56

headlights (n pl) (TS)

/hedlats/
Scheinwerfer

leather seat (n)
give sb a lift
made in your country

/le sit/

/gv smbdi lft/

/med n j kntri/

The headlights are the lights on the front of a car that

you use for driving at night.

Ledersitz

A Chevrolet has soft leather seats.

jmd mitnehmen

Can you give me a lift to the station?

in Ihrem Land gebaut

I only buy cars that are made in my country.

number plate (n)

/nmb plet/
Nummernschild

The number plate is the sign on the front and back of a

vehicle with letters and numbers on it.

overtake (v)
/vtek/
berholen

You should only overtake other drivers when the road

ahead is clear.

park (v)

/pk/

parken

A lot of women want cars that are easy to park.

posh (adj) (TS)

/p/

vornehm

A place that is posh is expensive and attractive.

run (v)

/rn/

betreiben; unterhalten

If you run a car, you own it and use it regularly.

run out of (phr v)

/rn at v/

einem das Benzin ausgehen If you run out of petrol, you have no more petrol left.

rush hour (n)

/r a/

Most people hate driving during the rush hour.

Stozeit

satellite navigation system (n) /stlat nvgen

Satellitennavigationssystem

sstm/

A satellite navigation system shows you the in which

you should travel.

seat belt (n)

Sicherheitsgurt

Dont forget to fasten your seat belt!

Audiosystem

A sound system is a piece of equipment for playing music.

sound system (n)

/sit belt/

/sand sstm/

spacious (adj)
/spes/
gerumig

The car is really spacious, with plenty of room to stretch

your legs.

steering wheel (n)

/str wil/
Lenkrad

The steering wheel is the wheel that you hold and turn
to control the direction of the car.

stretch your legs (TS)

/stre je legz/
die Beine vertreten

The car is really spacious, with plenty of room to stretch

your legs.

sunroof (n)

/snruf/

A sunroof is part of the roof of a car that you can open.

Schiebedach

traffic jam (n)

/trfk m/
Verkehrsstau

If you are stuck in a traffic jam, you cant drive because

there is too much traffic.

tyre (n)

/ta/

Reifen

A tyre is the thick rubber cover around the wheel of a car.

wheel (n)

/wil/

Rad

A car has four wheels.

windscreen (n)
/wndskrin/
Windschutzscheibe

The windscreen is the large glass window at the front of

a vehicle.

windscreen wiper (n)

/wndskrin wap/
Scheibenwischer

A windscreen wiper is the long, thin thing that moves

across a windscreen and removes rain.

57

Collocations Kollokationen
a brisk walk

/ brsk wk/

ein flotter Spaziergang

We usually go for a brisk four-hour walk in the morning.

an extended family
/n kstendd fmli/
eine Grofamilie

An extended family is a larger family group that

includes cousins, aunts, uncles etc.

be in a hurry
/bi n hri/
es eilig haben

In Okinawa, nobody is in a hurry and timetables are

non-existent.

keep fit

/kip ft/

I go swimming twice a week to keep fit.

fit bleiben

lead a healthy life

/lid heli laf/
ein gesundes Leben fhren

Eating fruit and vegetables and doing sport is a good way

to lead a healthy life.

do martial arts
/du ml ts/
Kampfsport betreiben

If you do martial arts, you do sports such as judo or

karate.

a network of friends
/ netwk v frendz/
ein Freundeskreis

A network of friends is the group of friends you see

regularly.

a spectacular sunset
/ spektkjl snset/

A spectacular sunset is very beautiful to watch.

ein atemberaubender
Sonnenuntergang

Food & Cooking Essen und Kochen

add (v)
/d/
hinzugeben

Add vanilla ice cream to the bananas to make a banana

split.

aubergine (n)
/bin/
Aubergine

An aubergine is a vegetable with a dark purple skin and

white flesh.

bake (v)

/bek/

backen

You can bake bananas in the oven in their skin.

banana (n)

/bnn/

Banane

A banana is a long curved fruit with a yellow skin.

banana-split (n)
/bnnsplt/
Banane-Split

batter (n)

/bt/

Banana split is a dish that consists of bananas and ice

cream.
Batter is a mixture of flour, milk and eggs used in cooking.

Teig

bean (n)
/bin/
Bohne

A bean is a seed of various plants; there are many

different types such as green beans, soya beans etc.

boil (v)

/bl/

kochen

If you boil something, you cook it in hot water.

brown sugar (n)

/bran g/

brauner Zucker

You can grill bananas and put brown sugar on top.

butter (n)

/bt/

Butter

Cut the bananas in half and fry them in butter.

carrot (n)
/krt/
Karotte; Mohrrbe

58

A carrot is a long orange vegetable that grows under the

ground.

cauliflower (n)
/klifla/
Blumenkohl

A cauliflower is a vegetable with a hard, round white

part surrounded by green leaves.

cherry (n)

/eri/

Kirsche

A cherry is a small round black or red fruit.

chicken (n)

/kn/

Hhnerfleisch

Chicken is the white meat of a chicken, eaten as food.

chop (v)

/p/

zerhacken; kleinschneiden

If you chop something, you cut it into pieces with a knife.

coconut (n)
/kknt/
Kokosnuss

A coconut is a very large nut that is white inside and has

a hard brown shell.

cucumber (n)
/kjukmb/
Gurke

A cucumber is a long thin vegetable with dark green

skin, often eaten in salads.

cut in half
/kt n hf/
halbieren

If you cut something in half, you cut it into two equal

pieces.

dish (n)
/d/
Gericht

Which of the banana dishes on the website would you

prefer?

fresh (adj)

/fre/

You can eat bananas raw in fresh fruit salad.

Frisch

fritters (n pl)
/frtz/
Beignets

Banana fritters are bananas that are fried in milk, flour

and eggs.

fruit salad (n)

/frut sld/
Obstsalat

Fruit salad is a dish consisting of small pieces of different

fruit.

fry

/fra/

Fry bananas in batter to make banana fritters.

frittieren

garlic (n)
/glk/
Knoblauch

Garlic is a vegetable similar to an onion that you use in

cooking to add a strong flavour.

grape (n)
/grep/
Traube

A grape is a small green or purple fruit that can be used

for making wine.

grill (v)

/grl/

Grill bananas with brown sugar on top.

grillen

ice cream (n)

/as krim/
Eiskrem

A banana split is a dish consisting of bananas and vanilla

ice cream.

ingredient (n)

/ngridint/

Zutaten; Ingredienzen

The ingredients of batter are milk, flour and eggs.

lemon (n)

/lemn/

Zitrone

A lemon is a fruit with a hard yellow skin.

lettuce (n)
/lets/
(grner) Salat

Lettuce is a vegetable with large green leaves used for

making salads.

milk (n)

/mlk/

Milch

Black coffee is coffee without milk.

mix (v)

/mks/

mischen

Mix bananas with rice for a Cuban dish.

mushroom (n)
/mrum/
Pilz

A mushroom is a soft brown or grey vegetable with a

round top.

59

nut (n)
/nt/
Nuss

A nut is a dry fruit that grows inside a hard shell on some

types of tree and bush.

onion (n)
/njn/
Zwiebel

An onion is a vegetable with thin dry skin that tastes and

smells very strong.

orange (n)

/rn/

Orange; Apfelsine

An orange is a round fruit with hard orange skin.

oven (n)

/vn/

Backofen

You can bake bananas in their skin in the oven.

peach (n)
/pi/
Pfirsich

A peach is a fruit with soft yellow-pink skin that has a

big stone inside.

peel (v)

/pil/

schlen

If you peel fruit or vegetables, you take the skin off them.

prawn (n)

/prn/

Garnele

A prawn is a type of small pink sea animal.

raw (adj)

/r/

roh

Food that is raw has not been cooked.

recipe (n)

/respi/

Rezept

A recipe is a set of instructions for cooking a dish or meal.

red pepper (n)

/red pep/
roter Paprika

A red pepper is a vegetable with small white seeds inside

that you cook or eat raw in salads.

rice (n)

/ras/

Reis

You can mix bananas with rice to make a Cuban dish.

sardine (n)

/sdin/

Sardine

A sardine is a common silver fish that is eaten as food.

sausage (n)

/ss/

Wurst

Sausages are long tubes of meat mixed with spices.

slice (v)
/slas/
Scheibe

Slice the bananas in half and add ice cream for a banana
split.

soup (n)
/sup/
Suppe

Soup is a liquid food often eaten at the beginning of a

meal.

spinach (n)
/spn/
Spinat

Spinach is a vegetable with dark green leaves that you

can cook or eat raw in salads.

sugar (n)
/g/
Zucker

Sugar is a very sweet substance that some people add to

tea and coffee.

tea (n)
/ti/
Tee

Tea is a hot brown drink made by pouring boiling water

onto dried leaves.

tomato (n)
/tmt/
Tomate

A tomato is a very common round red fruit, often eaten

in salads.

trout (n)
/trat/
Forelle

A trout is quite a large fish that lives in rivers and lakes

and is often eaten as food.

vanilla (n)
/vnl/
Vanille

Vanilla is the most common flavour of ice cream and is

light yellow in colour.

60

Unit 11 (p.96)
accidentally (adv)
/ksdentli/
versehentlich

activity (n)

/ktvti/

Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted some

valuable computer files.
Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?

Ttigkeit

amused (adj)
/mjuzd/
zum Lachen finden

arachnophobic (adj)

/rknfbk/

jmd der unter

Arachnophobie leidet

Arachnophobic describes someone who is afraid of

spiders.

/ttjud/

Einstellung

Different people have different attitudes to animals.

attitude (n)

away (adv)
/we/
verreist

bare (adj)

When they discovered the cat had deleted some computer

files, they were not amused.

/be/

Robert is often away on business for weeks, or even

months.
Bare walls are empty; someone who is bare is undressed.

nackt

on business
/n bzns/
geschftlich

Robert isnt at home at the moment hes away on

business.

call (v)
/kl/
rufen

The mynah bird calls Robbie a few hours before

Robert walks through the door.

change (n)
/en/
Wechselgeld

Would you keep the money if a shop assistant gave you

too much change?

companion (n)

/kmpnjn/

Begleiter; Gefhrte

contact (v)
/kntkt/
kontaktieren

Pets can be very good companions for humans.

Robert hardly ever contacts his parents when hes
coming home.

cool (adj)

/kul/

cool

Gus thinks Hendrix the spider looks cool!

cruel (adj)

/kru()l/

grausam

Do you think that hunting is a cruel activity?

delete (v)
/dlit/
lschen

Morris is a Siamese cat who accidentally deleted some

valuable computer files.

dislike (v) (TS)

/dslak/
nicht mgen

Are there any animals that you really dislike?

Spiders Im afraid of them.

essential (adj)
/senl/
wesentlich

Do you agree that animal testing is essential for progress

in the medical field?

fictional (adj)
/fknl/
fiktiv

A fictional character in a book is someone who does not

exist in real life.

file (n)

/fal/

The deleted computer files were worth $100,000!

Datei

61

fir (n)

/f/

A Christmas tree is a type of fir tree.

Tanne

fluently (adv)
/fluntli/
flieend

frighten sb away

/fratn smbdi we/

get in touch (with)

/get n t (w) /

Someone who speaks a language fluently, speaks it very

well.

abschrecken; verscheuchen

Guss spider frightens a lot of people away.

sich in Verbindung
setzen mit

Robert hardly ever gets in touch with his parents to

tell them hes coming home.

get on with
/get n w/
weitermachen mit

Ralph made Morris a bed in his office and got on with

his work.

heavy breathing (n) (TS)

/hevi bri/
schwere Atmung

If you hear heavy breathing, you hear a person or

animal breathing very loudly.

human (n)

/hjumn/

Mensch

Do you think that animals are as important as humans?

hunting (n)

/hnt/

die Jagd

A lot of people think hunting is very cruel.

illegal (adj)
/ligl/
illegal

Some people think animal testing is wrong and should be

illegal.

image (n)

/m/

Ebenbild

A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

imaginative (adj)

/mntv/

phantasievoll

A tale is an imaginative story.

insect (n)
/nsekt/
Insekt

keep an eye on

/kip n a n/

Insects are small animals with six legs that often have
wings.
Ralph took his sick cat into work to keep an eye on him.

aufpassen auf

key in (phr v)
/ki n/
eingeben; eintippen

The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted

some computer files.

keyboard (n)
/kibd/
Tastatur

Morris got up and walked across the keyboard of the

computer.

lead (n) (TS)

/lid/

Leine

Angus takes the iguana for walks in the park on a lead!

lift (v)

/lft/

heben

Ants can lift fifty times their own weight!

look alike
/lk lak/
hnlich/gleich aussehen

Do you and your pet look alike? Im not that hairy

but I think he looks cool, like me!

look up (phr v)
/lk p/
hochschauen

Pat and Tina looked up and suddenly realised they were

surrounded by cows.

medical field (n)

/medkl fild/
Medizinbereich

Do you agree that animal testing is essential for progress

in the medical field?

mirror (n)

/mr/

A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

Spiegel

62

misunderstood (adj)
/msndstd/
missverstanden

When people do not understand a person or thing

properly, you say that that person or thing is
misunderstood.

Never mind.
/nev mand/
Macht nichts.

Sorry, Emma, were going to London this weekend.

Never mind.

ornithologist (n)

/nlst/

Ornithologe(in)

Someone who studies birds is an ornithologist.

own (v)

/n/

besitzen

Ralph owned a Siamese cat called Morris.

owner (n)
/n/
Besitzer

Some people say that pets and their owners often look
alike!

pain (n)
/pen/
Schmerz

Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or suffering

involved.

progress (n)
/prgres/
Fortschritt

Is animal testing essential for progress in the medical

field?

protect (v)
/prtekt/
schtzen

Do you think that zoos are important for protecting

endangered species?

pull up (phr v)

/pl p/

They decided to pull up in a quiet place to have a picnic.

anhalten

put up (phr v) (TS)

/pt p/
aufstellen

When Richard put the tent up, there werent any animals
in the field.

recognise (v)

/rekgnaz/

erkennen

A dolphin recognises its own image in a mirror.

respect (v)

/rspekt/

respektieren

I think animals should be respected and protected.

rule (v) (TS)

/rul/
regieren; herrschen

run (v)

/rn/

A cheetah can run at 100 kilometres per hour.

laufen; rennen

sauce (n)
/ss/
Soe

scary (adj)

/skeri/

Why would you like to be a lion? Because theyre big

and tough and they rule.
A sauce is a liquid food that you put on other food to
give it flavour.
Im frightened of sharks I think theyre really scary.

unheimlich

scientist (n)
/santst/
Wissenschaftler(in)

Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the

theory of evolution.

secret code (n)

/sikrt kd/
Geheimcode

The cat accidentally keyed in a secret code that deleted

some computer files.

shadow (n) (TS)

/d/
Schatten

I could see a shadow outside the tent. What was it?

A big cow!

suffering (n)
/sfr/
Leid

Animal testing is OK if there is no pain or suffering

involved.

sunburn (n)

/snbn/

Sonnenbrand

63

Did you know that pigs can get sunburn?

tale (n)

/tel/

A tale is an imaginative story.

Erzhlung

the theory of evolution

/ ri v ivlun/
die Evolutionstheorie

Charles Darwin was the scientist who developed the

theory of evolution.

the tip of the nose (TS)

/ tp v nz/
die Nasenspitze

Anguss iguana is almost a metre long from the tip of its

nose to the end of its tail.

tough (adj) (TS)

/tf/

Lions are big and tough, and they rule.

zh

tour (v)
/t/
reisen

They were touring in the north of England by car when

they decided to stop for a picnic.

turn round (phr v)

/tn rand/
sich umdrehen

When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned

round and walked off!

turn up (phr v)
/tn p/
auftauchen

They know when their son is going to turn up because

the bird starts calling Robbie!

type (v)
/tap/
(ein)tippen

If you type information into a computer, you write it

using the keys on the keyboard.

unconditional love (n)

/nkndn()l lv/

bedingungslose Liebe

Unconditional love has no limits.

undressed (adj)

/ndrest/

nicht angezogen

Someone who is undressed has no clothes on.

unnatural (adj)

/nn()rl/

unnatrlich

I think zoos are depressing and unnatural.

unwell (adj)

/nwel/

unwohl

Unwell is a word that means ill or sick.

visit (v)

/vzt/

besuchen

Zoos can be fun to visit for children.

walk off (phr v)

/wk f/
weggehen

When they put on a pop music CD the cows turned round

and walked off!

wallet (n)

/wlt/

Brieftasche

A wallet is a small flat container where men keep money.

weight (n)

/wet/

Gewicht

Ants can lift fifty times their own weight!

without (prep)

/wat/

ohne

Which animal can last longer without water than a camel?

be worth $100,000

/bi w wn hndrd
aznd dlz/

wert sein

The deleted computer files were worth $100,000!

wrong (adj)
/r/
ungerecht

Some people think that animal testing is wrong and

should be illegal.

Adjectives and Prepositions Adjektive und Prpositionen

be afraid of
be allergic to
be fond of

/bi fred v/

/bi lk tu/
/bi fnd v/

Angst haben vor

Im afraid of sharks I think theyre scary.

allergisch sein gegen

Richard doesnt like cats because hes allergic to them.

lieben

Harry is fond of all animals.

64

be interested in

/bi ntrstd n/

Richard is interested in wild birds.

interessiert sein an

be keen on
/bi kin n/
gerne mgen

Alicia likes most animals but shes particularly keen on

horses.

be terrified of
/bi terfad v/
groe Angst haben vor

Are you afraid of frogs Afraid? Im terrified of

them.

Animals Tiere
alligator (n)
/lget/
Alligator

An alligator is an animal with a long tail and sharp,

pointed teeth that lives in water and on land.

animal testing (n)

/nml test/

Tierversuche

Do you think that animal testing should be illegal?

bat (n)

/bt/

Fledermaus

A bat is an animal that flies at night.

bear (n)

/be/

Br

A bear is a large animal such as a panda with thick fur.

bull (n)

/bl/

Stier

A bull is an adult male cow.

cage (n)

/ke/

Kfig

Emma keeps the snake in a cage.

calf (n)

/kf/

Kalb

A calf is a young cow.

camel (n)
/kml/
Kamel

A camel is a large animal, used for carrying people,

especially in the desert.

cat (n)

/kt/

Katze

Cats and dogs are popular pets.

cheetah (n)

/it/

Gepard

Cheetahs can run at 100 kilometres per hour.

chicken (n)

/kn/

Kken; junges Huhn

A chicken is a young hen.

cow (n)
/ka/
Kuh

A cow is a popular farm animal used for its milk and

meat.

cricket (n) (TS)

/krkt/
Grille

Crickets are insects that move by jumping and make a

noise.

crocodile (n)
/krkdal/
Krokodil

A crocodile has a long body and sharp teeth, and lives in

water.

deer (n)
/d/
Reh

A deer is a brown animal with long legs that is often very

shy.

dog (n)

/dg/

Hund

Cats and dogs are popular pets.

dolphin (n)

/dlfn/

Delfin

Dolphins live in water and are very intelligent animals.

eagle (n)

/igl/

Adler

An eagle is a large bird that kills other bird for food.

elephant (n)
/elfnt/
Elefant

Elephants can smell water that is fifteen kilometres

away.

65

endangered species (n)

/ndend spiiz/
gefhrdete Spezies

An endangered species is a type of animal that may

soon no longer exist.

fluffy (adj)
/flfi/
pflaumig;kuschelig

Animals that are fluffy are covered with a lot of fur and
are nice and gentle.

foal (n)

/fl/

A foal is a young horse.

Fohlen

frog (n)
/frg/
Frosch

Frogs are small animals with smooth green skin that live
in water and on land.

fur (n)

/f/

Pelz

Fur is the hair that covers some animals.

giraffe (n)

/rf/

Giraffe

A giraffe is a very tall animal with a very long neck.

hairy (adj) (TS)

/heri/

haarig

A spider has eight hairy legs.

hamster (n)

/hmst/

Hamster

Hamsters are popular pets for children.

hen (n)

/hen/

Henne; Huhn

A hen is a female chicken.

horse (n)

/hs/

Pferd

Can you ride a horse?

iguana (n)

/gwn/

Iguana

An iguana is a type of large lizard with points on its back.

kitten (n)

/ktn/

Ktzchen

A young cat is called a kitten.

lamb (n)

/lm/

Lamm

A young sheep is called a lamb.

lion (n)

/lan/

Lwe

Gus likes lions because theyre big and tough.

loveable (adj) (TS)

/lvbl/

liebenswert

A loveable pet is one that is easy to love.

mouse (pl mice) (n)

/mas (pl mas) /
Maus (Muse)

Mice are small furry animals with long tails that live in
fields or that people sometimes keep as pets.

mynah bird (n)

/man bd/

Beo

A mynah bird is a bird that can talk.

paw (n)

/p/

Pfote; Pranke; Tatze

A paw is a dogs or cats foot.

pet (n)
/pet/
Haustier

Pets are animals that people keep at home as

companions.

pig (n)
/pg/
Schwein

A pig is a fat animal with pink skin that farmers keep for
meat.

puppy (n)

/ppi/

Welpe; junger Hund

A puppy is a young dog.

rabbit (n)
/rbt/
Kaninchen

Rabbits are furry and have long ears and some people
keep them as pets.

rat (n)
/rt/
Ratte

A rat is an animal like a mouse with a long tail; a lot of

people dont like them because they are dirty.

reptile (n) (TS)

/reptal/

Crocodiles, alligators and iguanas are all reptiles.

Reptil

66

shark (n)
/k/
Hai(fisch)

A shark is a very large fish with large teeth that can kill
people.

sheep (n)
/ip/
Schaf

A sheep is an animal with white fur that is made into

wool.

snake (n)
/snek/
Schlange

Snakes are long thin animals that move along the

ground and can kill people.

tail (n)

/tel/

Schwanz

Cats usually have long tails.

tortoise (n)

/tts/

Schildkrte

Tortoises have shells on their back and move very slowly.

whale (n)

/wel/

Wal

The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived.

wild bird/amimal (n)

/wald bd/nml/
Wildvogel/Wildtier

Wild birds or animals live in natural conditions and are

not kept by humans.

zoo (n)
/zu/
Zoo

A zoo is a place where wild animals are kept in cages so

that people can see them.

Insects Insekten
ant (n)
/nt/
Ameise

An ant is a small insect that lives in large groups and can

carry fifty times its own weight.

bee (n)
/bi/
Biene

A bee is a yellow and black insect that flies and makes

honey.

butterfly (n)
/btfla/
Schmetterling

A butterfly is an insect with colourful, often beautiful

wings.

cockroach (n)
/kkr/
Kchenschabe

A cockroach is a large black insect that lives in places

where food is kept.

fly (n)

/fla/

A fly is a very common small insect with wings.

Fliege

mosquito (n)
/mskit/
Moskito

A mosquito is a small flying insect that bites the skin of

people and animals to feed on their blood.

spider (n)
/spad/
Spinne

Spiders are insects with eight hairy legs that a lot of

people are frightened of.

wasp (n)

/wsp/

A wasp is a yellow and black insect that can sting you.

Wespe

67

Unit 12 (p.104)
abroad (adv)

/brd/

ins Ausland

Do you go abroad for your holidays?

adorable (adj)

/drbl/

bezaubernd

That little girl is absolutely adorable!

ago (adv)
/g/
vor

How long ago was the Alhambra built? In the 13th

or 14th century.

all over the world

/l v wld/
berall in der Welt

The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all

over the world.

anniversary (n)

/nvs()ri/

The fifth anniversary of their relationship was on 1st July.

Jahrestag

architect (n) (TS)

/ktekt/
Architekt(in)

arrangement (n)

/renmnt/

Who was the architect of the Alhambra. I dont

know.
The two Lauras have made arrangements to meet up.

Verabredung

attached (adj)
/tt/
als Anlage

Laura released a balloon with her name and address and

a note attached.

awful (adj)

/fl/

schrecklich

His suit isnt very nice. Its absolutely awful!

balloon (n)

/blun/

Luftballon

A balloon is a childs toy that floats in the air.

build (v)

/bld/

bauen

Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.

building (n)
/bld/
Gebude

Curro thinks that the Alhambra is the most incredible

building he has ever seen.

celebrate (v)
/selbret/
feiern

If you celebrate a birthday or anniversary, you have a

party to show that it is special.

century (n)

/senri/

The Alhambra was built in the 13th or 14th century.

Jahrhundert

connecting flight (n)

/knekt flat/
Anschlussflug

They both stopped in Singapore to wait for connecting

flights.

crazy (adj)

/krezi/

verrckt

Something that is crazy is slightly mad.

delicious (adj)

/dls/

lecker

The food is tasty. Yes, its absolutely delicious!

design (v)
/dzan/
entwerfen

disappear (v)

/dsp/

The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all

over the world.
In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.

verschwinden

enormous (adj) (TS)

/nms/
riesig

entirely (adv)

/ntali/

The Alhambra is very big, in fact its an enormous

building.
The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice.

ganz

68

exhausted (adj)
/gzstd/
erschpft

exist (v)

/gzst/

He looks tired, doesnt he? He looks absolutely

exhausted.
A hotel made entirely of ice exists in Sweden.

existieren

expect (v)
/kspekt/
erwarten

fame (n)

/fem/

How many children will I have? More than you

expect.
Fame is the state or situation of being famous.

Ruhm

golden wedding anniversary (n) /gldn wed

goldene Hochzeit

nvs()ri/

A golden-wedding anniversary is the day when a

couple celebrates 50 years of marriage.

guest (n)

/gest/

Gast

Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.

guinea pig (n)

/gni pg/

Meerschweinchen

Both Lauras have a rabbit and a guinea pig.

helium-filled (adj)
/hilimfld/
mit Helium befllt

A helium-filled balloon is a balloon filled with a gas that

keeps it in the air.

hilarious (adj)

/hleris/

urkomisch

Something that is hilarious is extremely funny.

ice cube (n)

/as kjub/

Eiswrfel

You put ice cubes in drinks to make them cold.

In my opinion (TS)
/n ma pnjn/
meiner Meinung nach

including (prep)

/nklud/

All the furniture is made of ice, including the beds!

einschlielich

incredible (adj)
/nkredbl/
unglaublich

inside (prep)

/nsad/

In my opinion, the Alhambra is one of the seven

wonders of the modern world.
Whats the name of the most incredible building Curro
has ever seen?
Inside the hotel, the temperature is always around -5C.

innerhalb

interior (n)
/ntri/
Innenausstattung

The interior of the hotel is designed by artists from all

over the world.

journey (n)
/ni/
Reise

Amy didnt know that Ian had just started his journey
from Sydney to London.

king (n) (TS)

/k/

The Alhambra Palace was built for the Moorish kings.

Knig

Labrador (n)
/lbrd/
Labrador

A Labrador is a type of large dog with short hair that is a

popular pet.

location (n)
/lken/
Standort

The location of a building is the place or position where

it is built.

meet up (phr v)
/mit p/
sich treffen

If two people decide to meet up, they arrange to see

each other.

melt (away) (v)

/melt (we)/

In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away and disappears.

wegschmelzen

note (n)
/nt/
Zettel; Notiz

Laura released a balloon with her name and address and

a note attached.

69

outside (adv)

/atsad/

Outside, the temperature is -30C.

drauen

overlook (v) (TS)

/vlk/
berblicken; mit Blick auf

palace (n) (TS)

/pls/

The Alhambra is built on a hill overlooking the city of

Granada.
The Alhambra is a beautiful palace in the south of Spain.

Palast

for pleasure
/f ple/
aus Vergngen

If you do something for pleasure, you do it because you

like and enjoy it.

pretty (adj)
/prti/
hbsch

That dress is very pretty. Yes, its absolutely

gorgeous.

reindeer skin (n)

/rend skn/
Renntierhaut

The beds in the Ice Hotel are covered with reindeer

skins.

release (v)

/rlis/

loslassen

If you release a balloon, you let it go into the air.

reply (n)

/rpla/

Antwort

The letter was a reply from another Laura Buxton.

ridiculous (adj)

/rdkjls/

lcherlich

7,500 for a dress? Thats absolutely ridiculous.

shore (n)

//

Ufer

The hotel is situated on the shores of the Torne River.

be situated

/bi suetd/

sich befinden

Its situated on the shores of the Torne River.

sleeping bag (n)

/slip bg/

Schlafsack

Guests at the hotel are given special arctic sleeping bags.

spring (n)

/spr/

Frhling

In spring, the Ice Hotel melts away.

strange (adj)
/stren/
seltsam

Their daughter doesnt look anything like them thats

very strange.

stunning (adj)

/stn/

atemberaubend

Something that is stunning is very beautiful or spectacular.

style (n)

/stal/

Stil

The style of the Alhambra is Moorish, or Islamic.

sweet (adj)
/swit/
s

Look at that little girl shes very sweet. Shes

absolutely adorable.

tasty (adj)

/testi/

schmackhaft

Tasty food has a nice flavour.

temperature (n)

/tempr/

Temperatur

Today will start off cold, with temperatures of -13C.

unique (adj)

/junik/

einmalig; einzigartig

A place that is unique is the only one of its type.

visitor (n)
/vzt/
Besucher(in)

The hotel is described by visitors as absolutely

stunning.

Well, (interjection)
/wel/
Na ja

Can you imagine a hotel made entirely of ice? Well, it

exists in Sweden, but only in winter.

well-known (adj)

/welnn/

Someone or something that is well-known is famous.

sehr bekannt

wherever (adv) (TS)

/werev/
wo auch immer

At the Alhambra, you can hear water running wherever

you go.

70

winter (n)

/wnt/

Every winter, work starts on building a new Ice Hotel.

Winter

one of the wonders of (TS) /wn v wndz v/

eines der Weltwunder

write back (phr v)

/rat bk/

Curro thinks the Alhambra is one of the seven wonders

of the modern world.
If you write back to someone, you reply to them.

zurckschreiben

Collocations with do, get, Kollokationen mit do, get,

go, have, make, take
go, have, make, take
do a course

/du ks/

do some homework
/du sm haswk/

do the housework

/du hmwk/

do research
/du rs/ris/

do the shopping
get better
get changed
get dressed
get lost

/du p/
/get bet/

/get end/
/get drest/
/get lst/

an einem Kurs teilnehmen

Im doing a part-time English course.

einige Hausaufgaben
machen

In the evening, we usually have to do some homework.

die Hausarbeit machen

Do you enjoy doing the housework? No, I hate it.

Forschung/Recherche
betreiben

If you do research, you study something in detail.

einkaufen

Mum has asked me to do the shopping this week.

genesen; sich erholen

Ive been ill but Im getting better now.

sich umziehen

You should get changed before you go out.

sich anziehen

I had a shower, got dressed and had breakfast.

sich verlieren

Its easy to get lost when youre in a strange place.

get married
/get mrd/
heiraten

go for a drink
go for a walk
go home
go mad
go skiing

/g fr drk/
/g fr wk/
/g hm/
/g md/

/g ski/

People often live together nowadays before they get

married.

einen trinken gehen

Lets go for a drink after work.

spazieren gehen

I try to go for a walk every day.

nach Hause gehen

What time do you go home from school?

wahnsinnig werden

If they give us any more homework, Ill go mad!

Ski fahren

We go skiing every winter.

have a go
/hv g/
versuchen; probieren

Everybody should have a go at doing something

dangerous once in their life.

have a good time

/hv gd tam/
eine schne Zeit haben

The holiday was very enjoyable we had a really good

time.

have a laugh
/hv lf/
etwas zum Lachen haben

If you cant have a laugh with your partner, youre in the

wrong relationship.

have lunch

/hv ln/

We usually have lunch at 13.00.

zu Mittag essen

71

have a rest
/hv rest/

make a decision

/mek dsn/

make a living
/mek lv/

eine Pause machen;

sich ausruhen

Youve worked hard its time to have a rest.

eine Entscheidung treffen

Its important to make a decision in the next few days.

seinen Lebensunterhalt
verdienen

It can be hard to make a living as an actor.

make mistakes
/mek msteks/
Fehler machen

Everyone makes mistakes when theyre learning a

language.

make money
/mek mni/
Geld verdienen

Do you agree that the only reason to get a job is to make

money?

make a promise
take a bus
take an exam

/mek prms/
/tek bs/

/tek n gzm/

etwas versprechen

You should never make a promise if you cant keep it.

mit dem Bus fahren

Do you walk to school? No, I take a bus.

eine Prfung machen

Im taking my English exam in summer.

take a photo
/tek ft/
ein Foto machen

The press shouldnt take photos of famous people

without their permission.

take responsibility
/tek rspnsblti/

die Verantwortung
bernehmen

You have to learn to take responsibility for your own life.

Risiken eingehen

If you dont take risks, you wont succeed in life.

take risks

/tek rsks/

Weather Das Wetter

breeze (n)

/briz/

Brise

A breeze is a light wind.

breezy (adj)

/brizi/

windig

It was quite breezy walking by the sea.

Celsius (n)

/selsis/

Celsius

The temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.

cloud (n)

/klad/

Wolke

Look at those clouds in the sky I think its going to rain.

cloudy (adj)

/kladi/

wolkig; bedeckt

The weather tomorrow will be cloudy and dull.

cold (adj)

/kld/

kalt

Today will start off cold, with temperatures of -13C.

dark (adj)

/dk/

dunkel

The sky often becomes very dark before a storm.

dry (adj)

/dra/

trocken

If the weather is dry, it doesnt rain.

dull (adj)

/dl/

trb

It was a dull, grey depressing day.

fine (adj)

/fan/

schn

People feel happier when the weather is fine and sunny.

fog (n)

/fg/

Nebel

We couldnt see anything because of the fog.

foggy (adj)

/fgi/

nebelig

Driving when its foggy can be dangerous.

72

freeze (v)
/friz/
frieren

If it freezes, water on the ground and on windows turns

to ice.

freezing (adj)

/friz/

eiskalt

Freezing weather is weather that is very cold.

heat (n)

/hit/

Hitze

Walking long distances in the heat can be tiring.

hot (adj)

/ht/

hei

It can be very hot here in the summer.

humid (adj)
/hjumd/
feucht

Humid weather is hot and wet in a way that makes you

feel uncomfortable.

humidity (n)

/hjumdti/

Luftfeuchtigheit

British people are not used to high levels of humidity.

ice (n)

/as/

Eis

The Ice Hotel in Sweden is made entirely of ice.

icy (adj)

/asi/

eisig

Tomorrow will be cold and icy, with temperatures of -13C.

minus 13/30 degrees

/mans tin/ti
dgriz/

minus 13/30 Grad

Temperatures are expected to be minus 30 degrees.

mist (n)

/mst/

Nebel

A mist is a very light fog.

misty (adj)

/msti/

nebelig

Tomorrow will be a typical misty autumn day.

rain (n)

/ren/

Regen

If the weather is dry, there is no rain.

rain (v)

/ren/

regnen

Look at those clouds in the sky I think its going to rain.

rainy (adj)

/reni/

regnerisch

Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

shower (n)

/a/

Schauer

A shower is a short period of rain.

showery (adj)

/ari/

regnerisch

When it is showery there are a lot of short periods of rain.

snow (n)

/sn/

Schnee

We had a lot of snow last winter.

snow (v)

/sn/

schneien

Its very cold I think it might snow.

storm (n)
/stm/
Sturm

When there is a storm, a lot of rain falls very quickly,

often with strong winds.

stormy (adj)

/stmi/

strmisch

Stormy weather can be dangerous for drivers.

sun (n)

/sn/

Sonne

Most people like the sun.

sunny (adj)

/sni/

sonnig

The weather today will be warm and sunny.

warm (adj)

/wm/

warm

The weather today will be warm and sunny.

wet (adj)

/wet/

nass

Rainy weather is wet and unpleasant.

wind (n)

/wnd/

Wind

Rain and strong winds make driving conditions difficult.

windy (adj)

/wndi/

windig

It was very windy walking by the sea.

73

Review D (p.112)
albatross (n)
/lbtrs/
Albatross

An albatross is a very large white ocean bird with long,

narrow wings.

approximately (adv)
/prksmtli/
ungefhr

Around 1.5 million wildebeest travel approximately

3,000 km around Tanzania and Kenya.

birthplace (n)
/bples/
Geburtsort

Female green turtles return to their birthplace every

2 to 3 years to start a family.

come out (phr v) (TS)

/km at/

Suddenly the rain stopped and the sun came out.

herauskommen

cover (v)
/kv/
zudecken

Green turtles cover their eggs on the beach before

returning to the water.

die (v)
/da/
sterben

In spring Monarch butterflies travel back east, where they

lay their eggs and die.

dish (n)

/d/

Put the olive oil and garlic in the bottom of a dish.

Schssel

fix (v)
/fks/
reparieren

The car broke down and we had to wait three days for it
to be fixed.

give birth
/gv b/
ihre Jungen zu bekommen

The humpback whales swim to warmer waters in winter

to give birth.

green turtle (n)

/grin ttl/
grne Wasserschildkrte

Female green turtles return to their birthplace every

2 to 3 years to start a family.

humpback whale (n)

/hmpbk wel/
Buckelwal

Humpback whales are dark grey or black whales with

large, round backs.

lay eggs
/le egz/
Eier legen

In spring the butterflies travel back east where they lay

their eggs and die.

long-distance (adj)
/ldstns/
Langstrecken-

Humpback whales are experienced long-distance

travellers.

olive oil (n)

set off (phr v)
slow down (phr v)

/lv l/
/set f/

/sl dan/

Olivenl

Olive oil is a type of oil that is often used in cooking.

losfahren

We set off early in the morning and made good progress.

langsamer fahren/ gehen

I should slow down. Im always in a hurry.

turn back (phr v)

/tn dan/
umkehren

wildebeest (n)

/wldbist/

The engine problems continued so we decided to turn

back.
A wildebeest is an African wild animal with curved horns.

Gnu

74

Grammar Extra

Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen

Unit 1 Fragen. Zusammenfassung der Zeitformen Fragen

Zeitform

Anwendung

Die normale Reihenfolge bei Fragen:

Present
simple
Past simple

Fragewort

(Hilfs) verb

Subjekt

Is

she

happy?

Have

they

left?

What

does

niece

mean?

Where

are

you

going?

When

did

he

graduate?

Yes/No Fragen und Kurzanworten

Bei Yes/No Fragen mit be setzen wir am/are/is/was/were vor das Subjekt.
Is she tired? Yes, she is. Were they late? No, they werent.
Bei Yes/No Fragen im einfachen Prsens (present simple) und in der
einfachen Vergangenheit (past simple) setzen wir do/does/did vor das
Subjekt.
Do you live here? Yes, I do. Did Jim and his two sisters go to university?
No, they didnt.
Bei Yes/No Fragen mit anderen Verben setzen wir das Hilfsverb vor das
Subjekt.
Have you been to Oslo? Yes, I have. Can she drive? No, she cant.
Wh Fragen
Bei Fragen mit What, Where, How many, etc. ist die Reihenfolge die gleiche
wie bei Yes/No Fragen. Ein Fragewort steht am Anfang der Frage.
Why is she tired? Where do you live? How many times have you been to Oslo?

75

Positiv

Negativ

Frage

Facts/habits/
He works.
routines

He doesnt
work.

Does he
work?

Completed
She worked
action at a
yesterday.
specific past
time

She didnt
work
yesterday.

Did she
work
yesterday?

Present
Activities in
Theyre working
continuous
progress now now.

They arent
working
now.

Are they
working
now?

Future (be)
Future plans
Were going to
going to
and intentions work tomorrow.

We arent
going to
work
tomorrow.

Are we
going to
work
tomorrow?

Present
perfect

It hasnt
worked
recently.

Has it
worked

Completed
Its worked
action in time recently.
up to now.

recently?

Unit 2 Substantive und Mengenangaben

Einige der am hufigsten verwendeten Pluralformen: clothes, glasses, jeans,

knickers, pants, pyjamas, scissors, shorts, sunglasses, tights, trousers.

Zhlbare Substantive

Unzhlbare Substantive

Die meisten Substantive im Englischen sind zhlbar. Sie haben eine Singularund eine Pluralform.

Einige Substantive im Englischen sind unzhlbar. Sie haben nur eine

Singularform. Auch hier knnen wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davor
setzen.

Regelmige Formen
Singular

Plural

Schreibweise

We had bad weather. (NOT We had a bad weather.)

a place

two places

Add s.

a church

three churches

Add es after ch, sh, s, x.

a city

ten cities

Add ies after a consonant + y.

Einige der am hufigsten verwendeten unzhlbaren Substantiven: advice,

architecture, food, furniture, homework, information, knowledge, love,
money, music, news, traffic, transport, weather, work.

a leaf

ten thousand leaves

Add ves after vowel + v

Mengenangaben
Hiermit knnen wir Mengen beschreiben ohne eine genauere Zahl
anzugeben.

Unregelmige Formen
Singular

Plural

a person

two people

a child

two children

a man

two men

a woman

two women

a foot

two feet

a tooth

two teeth

Bei zhlbaren Substantiven: (only) a few / (far) too many / How many ?
Only a few people saw what happened.
How many emails do you get every day?
Bei unzhlbaren Substantiven: (only) a little / (far) too much / How much ?
Theres a little wine left but no beer.
How much homework do you get?
Bei zhlbaren und unzhlbaren Substantiven: a lot of / lots of / not
enough
She has a lot of problems.

! a or an? Bei Substantiven im Singular verwenden wir a vor einem

He didnt give me enough information.

Konsonanten: a town, a university.

too + much/many ((+ Substantiv) = zu viel oder mehr als notwendig

Vor einem Vokal verwenden wir an: an airport, an office.

I have too much work and not enough time.

! Pluralformen Einige Substantive haben immer nur eine Plural- und

keine Singularform. Daher knnen wir weder a/an noch eine Zahl davor
setzen.
I have some pink jeans. (NICHT I have a pink jeans.)

76

Unit 3 Vergangenheit (Einfache und Verlaufsformen)

(Past simple und Past continuous)

Wir verwenden das past simple hauptschlich, um ber vergangene

Ereignisse und bereits stattgefunde Situationen zu sprechen. Es kommt in
Erzhlungen und Geschichten oft vor.

Teil 1: Einfache Vergangenheit (Past simple)

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/He/She/
It/We/They
worked.

Yes,
I/you/he/
she/it/we/
they did.

I/You/He/She/ Did
It/We/They
I/you/he/she/it/
didnt (did
we/they work?
not) work.

! Auer bei be gibt es fr jedes Verb nur eine Form der einfachen
Vergangenheit.

No,
I/you/he/
she/it/we/
they didnt.

SCHREIBWEISE: REGELMIGE VERBEN

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/He/She/It
was tired.

Yes, I/he/she/
it was.

I/He/She/It
Was I/he/she/it
wasnt (was
tired?
not) tired.

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/

Yes, you/we/
were tired.
werent (were they tired?
they were.

not) tired.

Nach den meisten Verben ed/d hinzufgen: work worked, demonstrate

demonstrated
Nach Konsonanten+ y das y streichen und ied hinzufgen: study studied,
try tried

No, I/he/she/
it wasnt.
No, you/
we/they
werent.

Teil 2: Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit (Past continuous)

Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal + einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten + ed hinzufgen: stop stopped, plan planned

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Die zehn am hufigsten verwendeten unregelmigen Verben:

I/He/She/It
I/He/She/It
Was I/he/she/it
was working. wasnt (was
tired?

not) working.

Yes, I/he/she/
it was.

1 say said
2 get got

You/We/They You/We/They Were you/we/

Yes, you/we/
were
werent (were they tired?
they were.
working.
not) working.

3 go went
4 know knew

No, I/he/she/
it wasnt.
No, you/
we/they
werent.

5 think thought
6 see saw

Schreibweise: ing Formen

7 make made

Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufgen: have
having; make making

8 come came

Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten und ing hinzufgen: run running; stop stopping

9 take took
10 give gave
S. vollstndige Liste der unregelmigen Verben auf Seite 159.

77

Teil 2: Einfaches Prsens (Present simple) und Verlaufsform des Prsens

(present continuous)

Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform der Vergangenheit (past continuous), um

eine lnger andauernde Handlung in der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, die
am Ablaufen war, als andere Ereignisse stattfanden. Es bildet einen Kontrast
zum past simple.

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

I saw her when I was driving home. They were playing tennis when it
started raining.

Unit 4 Verbmuster
Einfaches Prsens und Verlaufsform des Prsens (Present
simple and Present continuous)
Teil 1: Verbmuster Verben mit zwei Objekten

He

bought him
lent

a present.

(Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt)

her some money.

= I
= He

I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/

dont (do not) work?
they do.
we/they
work.
dont.

He/She/It
works.

He/She/It
Does he/she/it
doesnt (does work?
not) work.

Yes, he/she/
it does.

No, he/she/
it doesnt.

Nach den meisten Verben s hinzufgen: : live lives, play plays, work works
Nach ch, sh, s, x es hinzufgen: watch watches, finish finishes
Nach einem Konsonanten + y das y streichen und ies hinzufgen: study studies
Unregelmige Formen: do does, go goes, have has

Verb + Person + Gegenstand = verb + Gegenstand + to/for +

Person
I

I/You/We/
They work.

Schreibweise: 3. Person singular

Manche hufig verwendete Verben knnen zwei Objekte haben. Die

Reihenfolge im Satz kann variieren - es gibt zwei Mglichkeiten - aber die
Bedeutung bleibt gleich. Am hufigsten ist die Reihenfolge Verb + Person
+ Gegenstand, insbesondere bei Objektpronomen (me, you, him, etc.)
(Indirektes Objekt) (Direktes Objekt)

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

bought a present for

lent

some money to

Wir verwenden das present simple, um ber Dinge zu sprechen, die:

immer wahr sind. He looks like his father. Ice forms at 0 degrees.

him.

regelmig oder immer wieder geschehen. He plays tennis on Friday. She

never gets up before 9.00 a.m.

her.

Verlaufsform (Present continuous)

Hufig verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + to +
personne : give, lend, offer, pass, read, send, show, teach, tell

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Hufig verwendete Verben nach dem Muster Verb + Gegenstand + for +

Person : buy, find, get, make

Im (am)
working.

! Bei bestimmten Verben verwenden wir nicht die Reihenfolge Verb +

Person + Gegenstand: z.B. describe, explain, say or suggest.
He explained the situation to me. (NICHT He explained me the situation.)
She said hello to us. (NICHT She said us hello.)

78

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Im not (am
Am I working?
Yes, I am.
not) working.

No, Im not.

You/We/
You/We/They Are you/we/they
Theyre (are) arent (are not) working?
working.
working.

Yes, you/we/
they are.

No, you/we/
they arent.

He/She/Its
He/She/It isnt Is he/she/it
(is) working. (is not)
working?

working.

Yes, he/she/
it is.

No, he/she/
it isnt.

Schreibweise: ing Formen

Wir verwenden die Komparativform des Adjektivs, um Personen oder

Gegenstnde mit anderen Personen oder Gegenstnden zu vergleichen.

Bei Verben, die mit e enden, das e streichen und ing hinzufgen: have
having, make making

David Beckham is older than Thierry Henry

Bei Verben, die mit einem Vokal und einem Konsonanten enden, einen
Konsonanten und ing hinzufgen: run running, stop stopping

Wir verwenden a bit oder much, um Vergleiche zu ergnzen.

Wembley Stadium is a bit bigger than the Stade de France.

Wir verwenden die Verlaufsform (present continuous), um ber Handlungen

zu sprechen, die:

Cristiano Ronaldo is much better-looking than Wayne Rooney.

Wir verwenden not as + Adjektiv + as, um negative Vergleiche zu bilden.

gerade stattfinden, whrend wir sprechen. What are you doing? Im

writing an email.

Golf is not as dangerous as motor racing.

im Allgemeinen in dem Zeitraum stattfinden, in dem wir unsere Aussage

machen. Cars are getting cheaper, but house prices are going up.

Wir verwenden die Superlativform von Adjektiven, um Personen oder

Gegenstnde mit allen anderen Personen oder Gegenstnden in ihrer
Gruppe zu vergleichen.

Unit 5 Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive.

Verben mit Prpositionen
Phrasal verbs

Mohamed Ali was the greatest sportsman of all time.

Teil 1: Komparativ- und Superlativformen der Adjektive

Der Ausdruck phrasal verb bezieht sich normalerweise auf alle Verb
+ Partikel Zusammensetzungen. Diese knnen in drei Gruppen oder
Basistypen aufgeteilt werden.

Football is the most popular sport in the world.

Teil 2: Verben mit Prpositionen (Phrasal verbs)

Adjektive

Komparativ

Superlativ

Kurze Adjektive: er/est

hinzufgen

new nice

the newest
the nicest

1 Verb + Partikel/Prposition (INTRANSITIV)

Adjektive, die mit einem

Konsonanten oder e enden

newer nicer

the fittest

When are you going to grow up?

2 Verb + Objekt + Partikel/Prposition (TRANSITIV TRENNBAR)

the healthiest

Die Verben in dieser grten Gruppe der phrasal verbs sind transitiv. Wenn
das direkte Objekt ein Substantiv ist, knnen wir es entweder vor oder nach
dem Partikel/der Prposition setzen.

Adjektive, die mit einem

einzelnen Vokal + einem
einzelnen Konsonanten enden

fit

Adjektive, die mit y enden

healthy

Unregelmige Adjektive

good bad far

Lange Adjektive: more /
the most hinzufgen

exciting

Fitter

Healthier
better worse
further

more exciting

Einige Zusammensetzungen sind intransitiv und haben kein direktes Objekt.

Sit down and enjoy it.

the best the

worst the
furthest

Take off your shoes. OR Take your shoes off.

the most
exciting

79

Wenn das direkte Objekt ein Pronomen ist, mssen wir es zwischen Verb
und Partikel/Prposition setzen.

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Switch it off, please. (NOT Switch off it.)

I/You/We/
I/You/We/They Do I/you/we/they Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
They have to dont have to have to work?
they do.
we/they
work.
worked.
dont.

3 Verb + Partikel/Prposition + Objekt (TRANSITIV NICHT TRENNBAR)

In Zusammensetzungen aus dieser Gruppe der phrasal verbs, setzen wir das
direkte Objekt (Substantiv oder Pronomen) immer nach dem Partikel/der
Prposition.

He/She/It has He/She/It

to work.
doesnt have

to work.

She looks after her grandmother.

I ran after the bus, but it didnt stop.

Does he/she/it
have to work?

Yes, he/she/
it does.

No, he/she/
it doesnt.

Wir verwenden have to / dont have to, um ber Notwendigkeit oder

Verpflichtung zu sprechen:

Unit 6 Erlaubnis und Verpflichtung (Prsens) (Permission

and obligation (present).
Das Perfekt/die vollendete Gegenwart (Present perfect
simple)

have to bedeutet, dass etwas notwendig ist oder zur Pflicht gehrt.
dont have to bedeutet, dass etwas nicht notwendig ist oder nicht zur
Pflicht gehrt.
In the UK, you have to drive on the left. You dont have to wear a helmet
on a bicycle.

Teil 1: can (Erlaubnis); have to (Verpflichtung)

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Teil 2: Das einfache Perfekt (Present perfect simple)

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He etc.

Can I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
can work.
cant (cannot) work?
etc. can.
he, etc.

work.
cant.

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/We/
I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/
Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked?
they have.
we/they
worked.
not) worked.
havent.

Wir knnen can und cant verwenden, um ber Erlaubnis zu sprechen:

He/She/Its
He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it
(has) worked. (has not)
worked?

worked.

can bedeutet, dass etwas erlaubt wird: es ist OK.

cant bedeutet, dass etwas nicht erlaubt wird: es ist nicht OK.
In the UK, you can leave school when you are 16. You cant vote until you
are 18.

Yes, he/she/
it has.

No, he/she/
it hasnt.

S. Liste der Unregelmigen Verben auf Seite 159.

Wir verwenden das present perfect, um ber Handlungen zu sprechen,
die in der Vergangenheit stattgefunden haben bzw. in einem Zeitraum
vollendet worden sind, der bis in die Gegenwart gedauert hat. Der
Zeitpunkt ist uns dabei nicht wichtig.

80

Unit 7 Dynamisch oder statisch: unterschiedliche

Bedeutungen von Verben
Formen der Zukunft (Futurformen) (Dynamic and stative
meanings. Future forms)

Der Zeitraum Vergangenheit bis in die Gegenwart (jetzt)

Die Vergangenheit

Ive done a lot of silly things in my life.

Jetzt

Teil 1: Dynamische und statische Bedeutung

Hufig verwendete Ausdrcke, die den Zeitraum bis jetzt beschreiben:

today, this week, recently, never, over the years. Mit diesen Zeitausdrcken
verwenden wir normalerweise das present perfect.

Dynamische Bedeutungen: Handlungen

Die meisten Verben haben eine dynamische Bedeutung. Sie beschreiben
Handlungen: etwas geschieht. Wir knnen sie in ihrer einfachen Form
verwenden, um ber Gewohnheiten oder Routinen zu sprechen, oder in
ihrer Verlaufsform, um ber Ereignisse oder Handlungen zu sprechen, die
gerade stattfinden.

My brother has never been to a pop concert.

I havent seen any good films recently.

! been been ist das Vergangenheitspartizip von be, aber wir knnen es
Vergleichen wir folgende Beispiele:

I recycle all paper, plastic and bottles. Were destroying the planet. The
phone is ringing.

Hes been to Rome. = He went and came back.

Statische Bedeutungen: Zustnde

Hes gone to Rome. = He went and is in Rome now.

Einige Verben, die Wissen, Emotionen oder Besitz beschreiben, haben eine
statische Bedeutung. Sie beschreiben Zustnde: Es geschieht nichts. Sie
haben deshalb keine Verlaufsform.

auch als das Vergangenheitspartizip von go verwenden.

Vollendete Zeit
Die Vergangenheit

Jetzt

I want a fairer system. I dont feel strongly about politics.

X
I did a lot of silly things when I was at university.

Hufig verwendete Verben mit einer statischen Bedeutung:

Gefhle: hate, like, love, prefer, want.
Gedanken: believe, feel, know, think, understand.

Hufig verwendete Ausdrcke, um einen Zeitpunkt oder einen Zeitraum in

der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben, die damals bereits zu Ende d.h. vollendet
war: yesterday, last month, when I was a student, in 1990, a few minutes
ago. Mit diesen Zeitausdrcken verwenden wir die einfache Vergangenheit
(past simple) .

Besitz: belong, have, own.

Sinnen: feel, hear, see, smell, sound, taste.
Aussehen: appear, look (like), seem.

! Einige Verben knnen sowohl eine dynamische als auch eine statische

She called you a few minutes ago. I didnt go to the mountains last
summer.

Bedeutung haben.:
Rosie is having a great time at university. (have = dynamische Bedeutung)
Brian has a beautiful house. (have = statische Bedeutung)

81

Teil 2: Formen der Zukunft (Future forms): (be) going to und Present
continuous
Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Zur Bildung des present continuous siehe Seite 132.

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Im (am)
going to
work.

Im not (am
not) going to
work.

You/We/
Theyre (are)
going to
work.

You/We/
Are you/we/they Yes, you/we/
Theyre not
going to work? they are.
(are not) going
to work.

He/She/Its
He/She/It isnt
(is) going to (is not) going
work.
to work.

Are you doing anything on Thursday? Were meeting the President this
afternoon at 2.00 p.m.

Am I going to
Yes, I am.
work?

Unit 8 Erlaubnis und Verpflichtung (Gegenwart und

Vergangenheit) Permission and obligation (Present and
past)
Rat geben

No, Im
not.
No, you/
we/they
arent.

Is he/she/it going Yes, he/she/

to work?
it is.

Teil 1: can/could (Erlaubnis); have to / had to (Verpflichtung)

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

No, he/she/
it isnt.

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Could I/you/he,

Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
could work. couldnt (could etc. work?
etc. could.
he, etc.

not) work.
couldnt.

Wir knnen (be) going to verwenden, um ber unsere Absichten fr die

Zukunft zu sprechen. Wir haben bereits eine Entscheidung getroffen und
darber sprechen wir
Entscheiden.

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Handeln

Y
Gegenwart

Zukunft

Erlaubnis: can/could; cant/couldnt

One of these days Im going to get fit. Hes going to tell me all about his
holidays.
Wir knnen die Verlaufsform des Prsens (present continuous), um ber
Vereinbarungen fr die Zukunft zu sprechen. Wir haben eine Vereinbarung
getroffen und wir sprechen jetzt darber.
Entscheiden

Y
Vergangenheit

Vereinbaren

Handeln

Y
Gegenwart

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Did I/you/he,

Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
had to work. didnt have to etc. have to
etc. did.
he, etc.

work.
work?
didnt.

Vergangenheit

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Zukunft

82

Verpflichtung: have to / had

to; had to / didnt have to

Erlaubt
Nicht erlaubt
Notwendig

Nicht
notwendig

Present
You can do it. You cant do it.
You have to

do it.

You dont
have to do
it.

Past
You could do it. You couldnt do it. You had to

do it.

You didnt
have to do
it.

Wir knnen can/could verwenden, um ber Erlaubnis zu sprechen. could ist

die Vergangenheitsform von can.

for + Zeitraum und since + Zeitpunkt bilden zwei Mglichkeiten,

den gleichen Gedanken auszudrcken. Wir verwenden for, wenn wir
die Zeitdauer angeben: for a few days / for three years / for ages. Wir
verwenden since, wenn wir den Zeitpunkt (den Anfangspunkt) angeben:
since Monday / since I left school / since 1997.

When I was fourteen I could stay out as long as I wanted. Swiss women
couldnt vote in elections until 1971.
Wir knnen have to / had to verwenden, um ber Notwendigkeiten oder
Verpflichtungen zu sprechen. had to ist die Vergangenheitsform von have
to.

Das Perfekt: einfache und Verlaufsform

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

I had to wear a uniform at school. In the 1960s you didnt have to wear a
helmet on a motorbike.

I/You/We/
I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/
Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked?
they have.
we/they
worked.
not) worked.
havent.

Part 2: must und should (Rat geben)

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

He/She/Its
He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it
(has) worked. (has not)
worked?

worked.

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Must I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
must work.
mustnt (must work?
etc. must.
he, etc.

not) work.
mustnt.
I/You/He, etc.
should work.

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Yes, he/she/
it has.

No, he/she/
it hasnt.

S. auch die Liste Unregelmige Verben auf Seite 159.

I/You/He, etc. Should I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/

shouldnt
etc. work?
etc. should.
he, etc.
(should not)
shouldnt.
work.

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/We/
I/You/We/They Have I/you/we/
Yes, I/you/we/ No, I/you/
Theyve (have) havent (have they worked?
they have.
we/they
been working. not) been
havent.

working.

Wir knnen must und should verwenden, um jemandem einen Rat zu

geben. Must ist starker als should.
You must lose weight (oder Sie werden sterben)! You should lose weight
(weil Sie sich dann besser fhlen).

He/She/Its
(has) been
working.

He/She/It hasnt Has he/she/it

(has not) been been working?
working.

Yes, he/she/
it has.

No, he/she/
it hasnt.

Die Verlaufsform (present perfect continuous) verwenden wir

normalerweise, um die Dauer einer fortlaufenden oder wiederholten
Handlung zu beschreiben, die in der Vergangehiet angefangen hat und bis
in die Gegenwart noch andauert.

Unit 9 for und since. Das Perfekt: einfache Form und

Verlaufsform (Present perfect simple and continuous)
for und since
for + Zeitraum und since + Zeitpunkt bilden zwei Mglichkeiten, den
gleichen Gedanken auszudrcken.

Weve been studying Greek for ten years.

Shes been going to the same hairdresser since the 1990s.

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! Statische Bedeutungen: Bei Verben, die eine statische Bedeutung

Zukunftsform des Verbs im Hauptsatz, aber eine Form des Prsens im

Nebensatz nach when, if, as soon as, before, after, etc. Zwei verschiedene
Satzbaumuster sind dabei mglich.

haben, knnen wir das present perfect continuous nicht verwenden. Wir
verwenden die einfache Form stattdessen.
Shes known Tom since they were at school. (NOT Shes been knowing )
Theyve had the same computer since 2003. (NOT Theyve been having )
S. Liste der am hufigsten verwendeten Verben mit statischer Bedeutung
auf Seite 138.
brigens: Wir knnen die einfache Form verwenden, um unvernderbare,
permanente Situationen zu beschreiben.

Konjunktion

Nebensatz

Hauptsatz

When

he gets home

hes going to have a bath.

If

it rains tomorrow

well play at the weekend.

OR

Vergleiche: Ive been living here since the summer. Ive lived here all my
life.

Hauptsatz

Konjunktion

Nebensatz

Hes going to have a bath

when

he gets home.

Unit 10 Zukunft mit will (Future).

Temporalstze mit Futur (Future time clauses). used to

Well play at the weekend

if

it rains tomorrow.

Part 2: used to

Teil 1: Zukunft mit will (future). Temporalstze mit Futur (Future time
clauses)
Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Did I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
used to work. didnt use to use to work?
etc. did.
he, etc.

work.
didnt.

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Will I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
ll (will) work. wont (will not) work?
etc. will.
he, etc.

work.
wont.

Wir knnen used to + Infinitiv verwenden, um ber vergangene Gewohnheiten

(wiederholte Handlungen in der Vergangenheit) oder vergangene Zustnde
zu sprechen. Damit beschreiben wir Dinge, die in der Vergangenheit
stattgefunden haben, aber jetzt wahrscheinlich nicht mehr stattfinden.

will ist ein modales Hilfsverb. Wir knnen will verwenden, um ber die
Zukunft zu sprechen, wenn es im Augenblick keinen Plan, keine Absicht
oder Vereinbarung gibt.

I used to go to school by bus.

Zum Vergleich: What are you doing / going to do this weekend? (= Ich
glaube, Sie haben Plne, Absichten oder etwas vereinbart.)

I didnt use to enjoy English lessons.

What sort of car did you use to have?

What will you do this weekend? (= Ich glaube nicht, dass Sie es im Moment
wissen.)

! Es ist nicht mglich, used to + Infinitiv zu verwenden, um eine einzelne

Handlung in der Vergangenheit zu beschreiben.

Temporalstze mit Futur (Formen der Zukunft)

(NICHT One weekend we used to go to Paris.)

Wenn wir ber zuknftige Dinge sprechen, verwenden wir eine

84

Unit 11 Bestimmende Relativstze (Defining relative

clauses). Konditionalstze II (Unreal conditionals)

*Anmerkung: If I/he/she/it were ist formeller als If I/he/she/it was. Wir

verwenden immer were in der festen Redewendung If I were you

Teil 1: Bestimmende Relativstze

Hauptsatz

Ein Relativsatz definiert oder identifiziert den Gegenstand oder die Person,
der oder die im Hauptsatz erwhnt wurde. Er folgt unmittelbar nach der
Person oder dem Gegenstand, die oder den er beschreibt. .

Normalerweise verwenden wir would + Infinitiv im Hauptsatz.

I/You/He, etc.
d (would)
work.

A cheetah is an animal that can run at 100 kilometres an hour. The woman
who does my hair is called Muriel.
Das Relativpronomen (that, which, who) wird zum Subjekt des Verbs im
Relativsatz. Wir verwenden that (oder which) fr Gegenstnde und who
(oder that) fr Personen.
Subjekt

People

who

Verb

I/You/He, etc. Would I/you/he, Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/

wouldnt
etc. work?
etc. would.
he, etc.
(would not)
wouldnt.
work.

if-Nebensatz

Hauptsatz

If I had $1million,

Id travel round the world.

If I could live anywhere

Id choose somewhere hot.

come from Manchester are called Mancunians.

Subjekt Verb

A butchers is a shop that

Unit 12 Plusquamperfekt/Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect).

Formen des Passivs (Passives)

sells meat.

Teil 1: Vorvergangenheit (Past perfect)

Teil 2: Konditionalstze II (Unreal conditionals)

Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Wir knnen einen Konditionalsatz (Bedingungssatz) verwenden, um ber

eine gegenwrtige (oder zuknftige) Situation zu sprechen, die nicht
wirklich oder unwahrscheinlich ist. Diese Stze nennen wir normalerweise
unwirkliche Konditionalstze. Sie enthalten einen Hauptsatz und einen
Nebensatz den if-clause.

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

I/You/He, etc. I/You/He, etc. Had I/you/he, etc. Yes, I/you/he, No, I/you/
d (had)
hadnt (had
worked?
etc. had.
he, etc.
worked.
not) worked.
hadnt.

if -clause (Nebensatz)

S. auch die Liste Unregelmige Verben auf Seite 159.

Um zu zeigen, dass eine gegenwrtige (oder zuknftige) Situation imaginr

ist, verwenden wir eine Vergangenheitsform des Verbs.
Wirkliche Situation

Imaginre Situation

I am not an animal.

If I was/were an animal, *

I live in an apartment

If I lived in an igloo,

Wir verwenden die Vorvergangenheitssform des Verbs (past perfect),

wenn wir ber die Vergangenheit sprechen und auf eine noch frhere Zeit
hinweisen mchten. Das past perfect zeigt uns deutlich, dass eine Handlung
in der Vergangenheit frher als andere stattgefunden hat.

85

Id had breakfast when I got to work this morning.

Earlier past

Past

Now

Teil 2: Formen des Passivs (Passives)

In passiven Stzen wird das Objekt des aktiven Verbs zum Subjekt des
passiven Verbs.
Aktiv
Subjekt

Passiv
Verb

Objekt

Somebody built the first Ice Hotel

in 1990.

Subjekt

Verb

The first Ice Hotel was built in 1990.

Wir knnen passive Verbformen verwenden, um Handlungen zu

beschreiben, bei denen es unwichtig ist, wer sie ausgefhrt hat oder wenn
man den Tter nicht kennt.
My shoes were designed in Italy. All the furniture is made of ice.
Positiv
Negativ
Frage

Kurzantwort Kurzantwort
Yes
No

Theyre made They arent

Are they made in Yes, they are. No, they
in China.
made in China. China?
arent.
It was built
in 1963.

It wasnt built Was it built in

Yes, it was.
in 1963.
1963?

No, it
wasnt.

86