Learning To Use

New Testament
Greek
Lesson III
Rex A. Tanchuan


alpha


beta

gamma


delta

epsilon


zeta


eta


theta

iota

kappa

lambda


mu


nu


xi

omicron


pi


rho


sigma


tau

upsilon


phi


chi


psi


omega

Phonemes
From Greek
A sound represented by a letter
Big / pig
We have
Let us have

Morphemes
From Greek (reference to form)
Smallest unit of meaning in any given
language
letter / couple of letters that make 1
sound

The apostle talks to the people.

The apostle talked to the people.
I loose
I shall loose
faithful
- unfaithful

Vowels
Seven Vowels:
alpha
epsilon
iota
- omicron
upsilon
- omega

Diphthongs
When two vowels combine to make one
sound, it is called a dipthong. There are
seven dipthongs in Greek:
Diphthong Pronunciation Example
Definition
aisle
age (cf. eon)

eight
peace (cf. Irene)

oil
house (cf. economy)

suite
son

Faust
self (automobile)

feud

blessed (eulogy)
soup

heaven (Uranus)

Consonants
Consonants produced by interfering
with the flow of air from the lungs.
Classified three ways:
1. How one interferes with the flow
Manner of articulation

2. Where one interferes with the flow

Place of articulation

3. Whether the vocal chords vibrate in

producing the sound

Consonants
Manner Of Articulation

Involves either:
Complete interruption of flow of air
Incomplete restriction of flow of air
Stops ( , )

Continuances (

Place Of Articulation

At the lips -
At or just behind the teeth dentals -
At the palate gutturals ()

Consonants
Four Sibilants
s sounds

Three with double letters

Three Aspirates

letters combined with an h

Four Nasals

Breath passes through the nose (liquids)

Breathing Marks
The rough breathing is pronounced like an "h",
and looks like a backwards comma written over
a vowel.
The smooth breathing is not pronounced at all,
and looks like a regular comma written over a
vowel. Note the difference between "en" and
"hen":

There are two marks over the epsilon in "hen";

the first is the rough breathing, the second is the
accent.

Greek Punctuation
Punctuation not used in ancient
Greek
Most printed copies today use
them.
, and . are same as English
: and ? Same in function, different
in form
. = : and

; =?

Greek Accents

Acute
Grave `
Circumflex

Importance is twofold:
1. Distinguish between identical words
means if
circumflex means you are
2. Which syllable is stressed