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    This document discusses interpreting ternary liquid-liquid triangle diagrams. It begins with an example problem using furfural to separate ethylene glycol from water. The basics of the triangle diagram are then explained, including identifying the miscibility boundary, tie lines, and plait point. The document shows how to determine the mix point from the feed and solvent compositions using the inverse lever-arm rule. It concludes by demonstrating how to find the extract and raffinate compositions from the mix point using tie lines and again applying the inverse lever-arm rule to determine outflow rates.

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    This document discusses interpreting ternary liquid-liquid triangle diagrams. It begins with an example problem using furfural to separate ethylene glycol from water. The basics of the triangle diagram are then explained, including identifying the miscibility boundary, tie lines, and plait point. The document shows how to determine the mix point from the feed and solvent compositions using the inverse lever-arm rule. It concludes by demonstrating how to find the extract and raffinate compositions from the mix point using tie lines and again applying the inverse lever-arm rule to determine outflow rates.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    18 views8 pages

    Interpreting Triangle Diagram

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous ee5dOj
    This document discusses interpreting ternary liquid-liquid triangle diagrams. It begins with an example problem using furfural to separate ethylene glycol from water. The basics of the triangle diagram are then explained, including identifying the miscibility boundary, tie lines, and plait point. The document shows how to determine the mix point from the feed and solvent compositions using the inverse lever-arm rule. It concludes by demonstrating how to find the extract and raffinate compositions from the mix point using tie lines and again applying the inverse lever-arm rule to determine outflow rates.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 8

    Interpreting a Ternary LiquidLiquid Triangle Diagram

    Mike Hansen

    ChEn 3603, Spring 2013

    University of Utah

    Where are we?


    In the textbook, this is Section 5 of
    Chapter 4

    In the notes, this is the set on Single Stage


    Equilibrium

    Just finished flash drums

    Example Problem
    Well do an example problem involving
    water, ethylene glycol, and furfural

    !

    Furfural completely dissolves ethylene

    glycol, but only partially dissolves water


    Solvent

    Were using furfural to separate


    ethylene glycol from water
    Solute

    Carrier

    Triangle Diagram: Basics


    If you forget how to
    read the compositions,

    use the zero lines

    PURE

    Ternary

    mixture
    Be careful in reading back to the composition!

    Binary mixture with



    no water
    Ethylene Glycol

    Binary mixture with



    no furfural
    Water

    0
    PURE

    1
    1

    Binary mixture with


    Furfural
    no ethylene glycol

    PURE

    Triangle Diagram:
    Miscibility Boundary
    1 0
    We need to be in the two-phase
    region (extract & raffinate)

    Single
    Phase
    Region
    Miscibility Boundary

    Ethylene Glycol

    made by adding water to



    ethylene glycol & furfural

    mixture until there

    is cloudiness (2nd phase)

    Water

    Two Phase Region

    Furfural

    Triangle Diagram:
    Tie Lines & Plait Point
    1 0

    Plait Point
    Tie lines converge to the Plait Point,

    where both liquid phases (extract

    and raffinate) have the same

    composition

    Tie lines connect equilibrium points on



    the miscibility boundary

    At 2-phase equilibrium,
    these are our extract and
    raffinate compositions!

    Ethylene Glycol
    Extract
    Composition
    (Phase 1)

    Tie Lines

    (Feed + Solvent)

    Water
    Raffinate
    Composition
    (Phase 2)

    Mix

    Furfural

    Feed + Solvent --> Mix composition --> Tie Line --> Extract and Raffinate composition at two-phase equilibrium

    Triangle Diagram:
    Getting the Input Point
    1 0

    Points S and F define the line


    the mix point M is found with the inverse-lever-arm rule
    flow rates

    F
    Ethylene Glycol

    F
    SM
    =
    S
    MF

    Feed

    comp.
    Water

    Mix

    Furfural
    Solvent composition

    Triangle Diagram:
    Getting the Outflows
    1 0

    Find the tie line that point M lies on


    Extend to the extract and raffinate compositions
    Use the inverse-lever-arm rule again...
    unknown

    flow rates

    Ethylene Glycol

    Total mass/mole balance to complete

    Water

    E+R=F +S

    Mix

    E
    RM
    =
    R
    EM

    Furfural

    geometrically:

    EM + RM = ER

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