Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Variation Theory
conformity
MMmmmmmmmmmmmm
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innovation
(Douglas, 1970:60)
speech styles,
conversation norms.
. An individual participates in various speech
communities
+
participants use politeness and face-saving
strategies in order to keep the conversation going.
CONCLUSION
MEANING IN PRAGMATICS
Meaning is a triadic relationSpeaker means Y
by X.
Pragmatics = utterance meaning.
Utterance meaning consists of the meaning
of the sentence plus considerations of the
intentions of the Speaker (the speaker may
intend to refuse the invitation to go to the
film), interpretation of the Hearer (the
Hearer may interpret the utterance as a
refusal, or not), determined by Context
and background knowledge.