CMA eMag

BI-MONTHLY MAGAZINE OF CHANDIGARH MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

Issue 3 May 2010

inside
A Tribute to Dr. C.K. Prahalad
Critical Issues of Skills Gap
SHGs Succeed in Punjab
Competition Law

Empowering Women Workers

Deprivation of a Tourist Place
 CMA eMag

Chandigarh
Management
Association Contents
Office Bearers

President
Col. Karamjeet Singh (Retd.) Foreword 1
Director
Continental Group of Institutes, Mohali A Tribute to Dr. C.K. Prahalad: Management Guru 2

Vice President Critical Issues of Skills Gap in Indian Youth 3-4

Dr. Gulshan Sharma
Director Breaking Myths-SHGs Succeed in Punjab Also 5-6
Foundation of ITFT, Chandigarh
Effective Communication At Work 7-8
Secretary General
J.N. Vohra Exploring Health & Herbal Tourism in North 9-10
Textile Consultant
Indian Banking in the Global Context 11
Joint Secretary
Dr. T.L. Kaushal
Self Appraisal A Psychological Tool of Management 12-13
Dean
International Business School, Chandigarh
Competition Law : Part-1, Introduction And International Position 14-15
Treasurer
CA Vivek Goyal DNA Computing: New Computing Paradigms 16-17

Past President Employee Retention Strategy in Service Industry 18

Anil Kohli
Taking a Look at HR Outsourcing 19

Editor Empowering Women Workers in Garment Industry 20-21

cma.chd@gmail.com
http://cmaupdate.blogspot.com/ Eagle's Nest! 22
Mob. : 9814556072
Jammu & Kashmir Deprivation of a Tourist Place 23

Punjabi Juttis The Ethenic Choice 24-25

CMA
CHANDIGARH MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
C/o Bhartiya Vidya Bhawan
Events-2010 26
Plot No. 5, Sector 27-B, Madhya Marg
Chandigarh-160019, INDIA
Tel .: 0172-2656031, Fax : 0172-2639548
Website : www.cma.net.in
email : cmachandigarh@yahoo.com

Affiliated to

ALL INDIA MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

 CMA eMag

Foreword

The overwhelming response to the first two editions of CMA eMag is conspicuously delightful &
encouraging. This is evident from the feedback received from all quarters including members & non-
members on one hand & many fold increase in the number of contributors to the contents of the
magazine. It had been our endeavour to incorporate suggestions received from our esteemed readers
to improve the quality of the readings & cover multifaceted fields of management & contemporary
interests.

I am sure that readers are anxiously waiting for the third issue that caters for every readers including
budding professionals' interests.

The main focus of the magazine has been to facilitate an enabling platform to the members to express
their viewpoints, publish research articles and give vent to their writing skill.

I would like to express my thanks to the members who contributed to the magazine & urge them to
come forward with their valuable contributions & suggestions. Let us all make the magazine a
resounding success.

Wishing you a happy reading.

Col Karamjeet Singh

President-CMA
Director- Continental Group of Institutes

1

Dinesh Dua
CEO & Whole Time Director, M/S Nectar Lifesciences Ltd.
Dr. C.K. Prahalad, my batch
mate from Indian Institute of
Management, Ahmedabad
(1979 batch) passed away on
Saturday, 18th April, 2010
after brief illness in a hospital
in San Diego. The whole
corporate & management
world held CK in the highest
esteem & his book "Fortune at
the bottom of the Pyramid" has
been acclaimed to be the best
ever lateral thinking book
written in Management
Circles.
I was extremely fortunate to
have spent two days in
Wockhardt in 2007 with CK as
he was popularly known. I can
never forget those two
wonderful days which he has
had animated deliberations
with the entire top
management wherein he
freaked out of absolute lateral
thinking for life sciences, which
for us was inconceivable in
terms of expanding to huge
rural markets of India, which
for large Pharma organizations
in India even till today has not
been the case, although
companies like Mankind
Pharma, Ranbaxy, Cipla this
year have clearly mandated
this to be the next waive of
growth enablers for the
Pharma industry, which is
growing at a robust paces of
A Tribute to Dr. C.K. Prahalad:
Management Guru
15% + YOY as against 3-4% in
US, Europe & Japan in volume
terms.
Those two amazing days with
legendary & Iconic CK are still
absolutely fresh in my memory
& I personally benefited from
being that much closer to him,
being the only IIMA guy to get
relatively closer to CK leading
to almost 2 hrs of personal
quality time with the legend.
I regularly kept in touch with
CK over the mail & he was not
only helpful but was
extremely affectionate & gave
me a standing invitation to
visit him to US, which I was
contemplating but for his
untimely demise. He was in
excellent health until 18
months ago & I never had an
iota of an indication that his
sickness could take him away
so quickly at a relatively young
age when compared to today's
life expectancy particularly in
US. I was extremely shocked &
pray to God Almighty that the
great departed soul may rest in
peace!!!
As alumni of IIMA, all of us
should be extremely proud of
this great man who being a
very humble soul from
Coimbatore revolutionized
management thought process
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CMA eMag
Dr. C.K. Prahalad
through lateral thinking which
catapulted him into one of the
leading Management Gurus of
the world who also had
phenomenal impact on all
leading business houses of
India & a few leading ones in
the west, which has a lot to do
with his up bringing &
knowledge of India & its
phenomenal potential
beautifully captured in the
biggest block buster of
management books " Bottom
of Pyramid" a copy of which
was gifted by him to all of us
with his autographs -a lifetime
Prize Possession for me
indeed.
CK may physically not be there
but he'll continue to inspire a
whole host of multitudes of
Indians from all shades of life
all over the world.
Amen !!!

Dr. Gulshan Sharma
Ph.D (Service Industry) ACTE (WTO) Spain, WT (USA)
Executive Director-ITFT College Chandigarh
Skills gaps among youth are a
major concern in India. What it
takes to be a Corporate' muse,
is simply missing in today's
youth. What are the reasons?
Who is to be blamed for such a
state? And do we even realize
that a situation has come
wherein we strictly need to
strategize plans to escalate
and meet global standards in
order to be counted among
world class in competence
grade?
Knowledge, skills and
resourcefulness are critical in
sustaining a nation's
reputation in the world
market. A robust pipeline of
talent is essential in order to
take India as a nation to the
next level. So, what is it that is
leading to skills gaps among
youth in India? Reasons for the
same are not difficult to
discern. New private colleges
are producing students with
uneven substance. A lot of
institutes cannot keep up with
the changing trends in
particular subjects and syllabi.
Students churned out by
various institutes aren't well
equipped with essential soft
skills.
Critical Issues
These are some issues which
are crucial and need to be
attended. India is in urgent
need to generate skilled
professionals and efficient
Critical Issues of Skills Gap
in Indian Youth
workforce. It's high time that
e f f e c t i v e s t ra t e g i e s a r e
implemented in order to face
this uphill task of imparting
right education and right skills.
If you thought, only your
braced up technical knowledge
would fetch you your dream
job, it might just be your
hallucination. Corporate are
certainly looking out for
something beyond your basic
know how of the subject theses
days. Employability skills, as
we call them are a blend of
several parameters. So how is
it exactly that you develop
these skills to be employers'
muse?
Corporate world is getting
more fierce and competitive
with every passing day. And
it's definitely not child's play to
evolve out as an influential
c a n d i d a t e a m i d s e v e ra l
probable employees. So, what
is it exactly that you can
pursue to go a step ahead and
reach the next level to
professional stardom? Read
through to know more about
the same.
We are living in an era where
finding jobs isn't really a cake
walk. You got to possess
exceptional employability
skills to crack a coveted
interview. Employers'
expectations of candidates
have been undergoing
transformations and things
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CMA eMag
aren't really as easy as it was
sometime back. The age is
competitive and the world is
getting fierce.
Skills Gap
Let's make things simpler for
you, may be you are a victim of
'skill gap'. Stunned? But it's
essential that you accept and
start working upon them
before things get out of control
at your workplace. Skill Gap is
primarily defined as difference
between a potential
employee's present skills vs.
the skills required to meet
expectations of the job.
If you are deficient in
rendering services up to a level
that is expected out of you, it's
high time that you hone the
expected set of skills well and
take our words, it's never too
late! But if you keep piling your
professional woes and
caressing your grudges
instead of bridging the gap
between your present skills
and the organization's
requirement of set of skills,
you probably are still off track.
These skills are a blend of soft
as well as technical skills. If
you think you can't work out
yourself, initiate to your higher
authorities about conducting
training wherein you would be
imparted essential tactics as to
how to deal with a particular
craft.

The day you fill up your skill
gap that is when you actually
achieve 'PROFESSIONAL
NIRVANA'. The right skills in
the right place and at the right
time is something you can
attain only if you keep
enduring, without giving up.
SELF ASSESSMENT is the key,
know what you are, it's always
good to have oodles of
confidence in your calibre but
beware of becoming a
'NARCISSIST'. That would be
the first step to your CAREER-
CREMATION! Honest
judgement about your
capabilities is a pre-requisite
before you choose a career.
And the golden rule that works
best is keep IMPROVING. If
you were just flaunting a cap,
strategize your goals to add
that feather as well, for that is
when the world recognizes
you.
Combating Skills Gap
The most effective way to
combat skill gap is to enhance
your awareness about your job
domain, study more and gain
as much knowledge as you
can. Work on your soft skills,
volunteer and AVOID
displaying an impression of I-
am-not-interested. Ask for
help if you get stuck, that's
how you learn, stay abreast
with the latest job-profile
updates and implement them
even when you are not asked
to, in your own way. But don't
just 'PARROT' though, ALWAYS
look out for INNOVATION.
So, invest in yourself, crave to
know more and just have the
right attitude, and remember
ATTITUDE and not
ARROGANCE!
Read following to know more:
· Your attitude towards
your work reflects a lot about
your substance. If you think
dedication is confined to a time
slot of 9-5, the time is near
when the house of cards would
collapse. The real efficiency is
judged when you show pro
activeness toward an
unexpected task that pops up.
· If you have a habit of
whining at things, you
would definitely have to
c h a n g e y o u r
perspective. You have
to exhibit an attitude
that spells positivism.
Your behavior towards
others matter a lot as
well.
· Employers certainly
expect you to be a fast
learner. Grasp quickly
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CMA eMag
and implement things
incorporated at the
earliest.
· Corporate love to work
with people who are
flexible to try out things
a n d b r i n g i n
innovations. Always be
enthusiastic to push
the edges.
· Employers like to hire
people who always take
initiative to do tasks
without being ordered.
Appreciation comes to
those who take that
extra leap and go
beyond normal
expectations.
· Something that goes
without saying is that
you got to have good
m a n n e r s ,
organizational skills
and conduct.
Developing these skills is of
paramount importance and
needs to be developed and
nurtured from time to time
Employability skills are your
best friend at workplace. The
more you have it, the more you
achieve and get closer to your
dream designation. So, don't
blink too much, get set and go!

Dinesh K Kapila*
Assistant General Manager in NABARD
Punjab, the name is taken to imply
a prosperous state where the
concept of Self Help Groups
(SHGs) is alien and not required as
in the comparatively under
developed parts of India. This is a
myth; the concept is required,
there is a deep hunger for credit
and easy access to credit amongst
its women and once shown the
pathway; the concept is adopted
e n t h u s i a s t i c a l l y. T h e o n l y
difference if any, is in the quantum
of funds sought for from banks or
vide internal loaning as also
subscribed to; both are higher
than the conventional amounts in
most parts of India. Normal
subscriptions will often start at Rs
100/- per month per member (Rs
20/- or so in most parts of India);
loans from banks or the demand
for a loan would also start at a
minimum of Rs 25,000/- or so as
against Rs 10,000/- in most parts
of India; but the overall concept of
SHGs as mandated is certainly
adhered to.
The normal perception around
2000-02 was that Punjab could not
have a vibrant SHG movement,
however, field level experience
based on efforts to grow the
movement since then indicates
that within the economic success
of
Breaking Myths-
SHGs Succeed in Punjab Also
Punjab, the women are still in need
of empowerment and look forward
to being members of SHGs, once
the concept is understood and
internalized. The three success
stories summaries below and a
short excerpt on the varied
interactions with SHGs and officials
that follows provides an insight
into the SHG concept in Punjab.
The profile of the SHGs featured
would have changed as the groups
evolve over the years and officials
involved move out on transfer, but
the lessons learnt remain relevant.
It is to be noted that the number of
SHGs was over 3000 in Rupnaagr,
SAS Nagar and Nawanshahr
districts by 2009, this article
reflects mainly the needs and
aspirations of these SHGs as they
evolved so to say.
Success Story One - Milking
Profits: Rural Women &
Dairying - an initiative of
Ambuja Cement Foundation (
ACF ) at Ropar
Out of the 32 SHGs promoted by
ACF in District Ropar, the women of
Arjun SHG in Village Alampur
formed the SHG in 2003 and after
saving around Thirty thousand
Rupees, which they saved @
Rs.50/- per member per month, 13
women of the SHG joined by 9
other women of the village decided
to form a Group to do Dairying
collectively. Some members
purchased Cattle through their
savings and also from the loan of
Rs 25,000/- and subsequently
Rs.1.25 lakh that the Group
availed from the Punjab Gramin
Bank, Malikpur. The Punjab Milkfed
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CMA eMag
agreed to link the dairy group with
their existing marketing network.
The women by 2008 were
collecting 150 litres of milk
everyday after starting from 50
litres or so only in 2007. The
increase in self confidence of the
women is tremendous, with the
shyness exhibited at first now
gone.
Success Story Two - Mehndipur
SHG at Nawanshahr District -
Punjab -
The Mehndipur SHG, functioning at
v i l l a g e M e h n d i p u r, D i s t r i c t
Nawanshahr emerged as a major
example of success amongst
entrepreneurial SHGs by earning
Rs 1150/- on an average per
member within three years or so of
its formation. This SHG focused
upon entrepreneurial activities
since its inception, the SHG,
formed in June 2002, with 10
members, all from the scheduled
castes, decided to save Rs 50/- per
month per member. The Group
President Smt Meena Rani and
Secretary Smt Sarbjit Kaur led the
planning and steered the group
very ably. The then CDPO ICDS,
Nawanshahr District, Smt
Charanjit Kaur and her staff
invested considerable time and
 CMA eMag
main success and aspect of this (d) Social mores however continue
SHG. There are no defaults to the to be a strong negative influence
bank and three members have as regards women, specially
turned entrepreneurs. The enforced by the established
demonstrative effect of the group opinion makers at villages, at the
has been immense. level of sarpanch / ex sarpanch etc.
The Interactions with SHGs Even the police is observed to be
and Observations in Brief. biased against women in noting
(a) First, what would be really complaints from them. Social
representative of residents of power structures continue to be
smaller villages dotting the kandi vested with men even if the women
efforts in guiding the group and
areas in Punjab; - from three are elected to certain positions.
motivating the members with the
villages near Anandpur Sahib The women support SHGs as this
then Branch Manager of Punjab
town, the following was noticed - facilitates access to empowerment
National Bank, Shri SK Puri. The
Not a single woman - from and a collective approach to
group had a few members who
amongst all present from age problems. Rural women, once
knew the skill of stitching and
groups of approximately 18 to 45, aware and trained in financial
tailoring as also embroidery. They
was reading a newspaper or literacy - especially rates of
motivated the other members to
magazine. Reading was strictly interest and fixing instalments -
join in and to learn the activity.
religious, if at all, There was no are found to generally
Secondly, the method of sharing
awareness about products of demonstrate a higher degree of
income / losses transparently was
banks, either of asset or liability financial literacy and awareness as
also decided upon. This was to be
classification, Literacy was upto also discipline than the men.
on the level of skill and effort put in
class VIII normally with a few Women were also found to be
the activity - ranging from
matriculates, but literacy skills serious in learning the concept and
procuring orders to designing to
were lost due to lack of application, adopting it. Marketing facilitation
actually cutting the dress. The
A felt need for subsidy or grants is a major demand by SHG
group acquired 7 foot operated
f r o m t h e g o ve r n m e n t w a s members as social mores prevent
sewing machines from the three
maximum amongst members, many from considering venturing
bank loans availed by them with no
Small credit needs for out to even nearby towns for
defaults. Income generation has
consumption expenditure was marketing their products. Quality
boosted their economic status as
found to be the main demand. of products remains a gray area
also their self esteem considerably.
(b) At a village in district though individual success stories
Third story of SHG Kalam near
Nawanshahr, near an industrial are occurring. The deep felt need
Nawanshahr
belt, where a major commercial of these women to access credit
A multi- activity SHG with
bank had decided to be pro active; and opportunities can only be felt
Infectious Enthusiasm - with 20
it was found that, Small credit and understood by interaction.
members and savings of Rs 50/-
needs, specially for operations - In addition to the above, a deep
each from a village called Kalam
say Rs 7000/-, a washing machine hunger for economic progress and
near Nawanshahr town, with a
for Rs 15,000/-; Rs 5000/- for financial prosperity is noticed very
predominant presence of lower
three women to start making clearly amongst women in rural
income families, the interaction
detergent powders, Rs 25,000/- to areas coupled with a strong desire
with SHG Members is stimulating,
stock items at a shop, Rs 50,000/- for infrastructural amenities. While
they are all excitement and
to repair a house etc. were the addressing the needs of rural
enthusiasm, One member when
main demands. Dairy animals to Punjab, the policy makers have to
asked about the advantage of
be added, by individual members, ensure that the women and their
belonging to a group, stated
were another demand from needs are addressed equally.
succinctly that she fractured her
members of SHGs. The need for a
leg, she was given Rs 2000/-
tangible security by the local
immediately as assistance by the
branch head was the main obstacle
group at her residence, what more
in credit outreach inspite of no * Dinesh K Kapila is Assistant
could be the usefulness. The group
need to demand the same. General Manager in NABARD and
members are literate (normally
(c) At villages near Chamkaur learnt extensively from his field
Class X) and state that they attend
Sahib and near Daburji, which are experiences while implementing
all functions together; they enjoy
partially urbanised and have a the concept of SHGs. This article is
being together and discuss family
more aware profile, women were written in his personal capacity
problems also in meetings. The
found to be extremely desirous of and does not reflect the views of
feeling of belongingness is
earning and adding to the family his institution.
palpable in the group, this is the
incomes.

6

Col (Retd.) B.M.Sabhlok
Corporate Trainer
Communication is a very
different function for
managers for the simple
reason that everybody
assumes that only he can
communicate well others
have difficulties in
c o m m u n i c a t i o n .
Understanding and
appreciating some of the
important day to day state of
affairs of being controlled and
criticized by others will help us
respond well to the situations.
This will help lower the stress
level and one can certainly
begin to have a lot more fun.
While I pen down my thoughts
on that vital issue of
communication, one of my
goals is to convince you that it
is okay, to be happy, kind,
patient, more relaxed and
forgiving. It is to your
advantage personally and
professionally. You will feel
more inspired, creative and
will help you to make an even
greater contribution that you
do right now.
Controlling Effectively
In businesses, there are many
times you wanted to have a
meeting of the minds or you
needed others to do the things
as you do. Sometimes, you
force yourself and your ideas
on those you work with. In
certain instances, you exert
Effective Communication
your opinion, influence even
power, to get something done.
At times you insist on getting
your way, or think of clever and
creative ways to get others to
think differently. That is all part
of business, little realizing that
what hurts most to the person
you control is what goes on
within him his feeling and
emotions.
When you can make
allowances in your mind for the
fact that other people see life
differently than you do, you
will experience far less internal
struggle. Be sure, most people
don't like to be controlled. It
creates resentment and
adversarial relationships.
As you abandon your urge to
control others, people will be
more incline to help you; they
will want to see you succeed.
When people feel approved as
they are rather than evaluated
on what they should be as per
your thinking, they will admire
and respect you like never
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CMA eMag
At Work
before.
Effective Listening
Listening in my opinion is one
of the most important
ingredients for success in
virtually all aspects of life
personal and professional.
Unfortunately, it is also one of
our greatest weaknesses.
Slighter improvement in our
listening skills can pay
enormous dividends in the way
of:
a) Better relationships
b) Enhanced
performance
c) Stress reduction
Just ponder over the following
and reflect on your own
listening skills at work.
a) Do you truly listen to
your colleagues?
b) Do you let then finish
their thoughts
before you take your
time?
c) Do you sometimes
finish sentence for
other people?
d) In meetings, are you
p a t i e n t a n d
responsive or are
you impatient and
reactive?
e) Do you allow words
from others to sink
in or do you assume
you know what the

person is trying to
say, so you jump in?
For most people
listening skills need
improvement.
People who listen well are
highly respected and sought
after and make one feel good
and special. Since effective
listeners are loved by the
people they work with they
avoid many of the most
common stressful aspects of
work namely:
· Backbiting
· Resentment
· Sabotage
Good listeners are most sought
after persons, you want to
reach out and help them.
People tend to be loyal to good
listeners because you can
emote with them.
Effective listening allows you
to avoid a great number of
m i s t a k e s a n d
misinterpretation. Being more
attentive to what others are
saying also help you avoid
many interpersonal conflicts.
This is one of those powerful
strategies that can generate
immediate an enduring
results. You may have to work
at it a little but if you do, it will
be well worth it. Besides, being
liked and admiral you will find
yourself becoming calmer and
more peaceful as well.
Respect others feelings
Everyone deserves to be
treated with respect even if
you justifiably get angry or
disappointed. Don't be rude or
insensitive to other human
being. Sometimes, people
believe that if someone is
doing his job well; pull him
down since you are unable to
perform equally. It always
seemed to me; however that if
someone is doing his job well
and I am one of the
beneficiaries of his
performance, that's all, speak
to him with gratitude and
respect. But even beyond what
is right and wrong, it is just
smart business to speak to
others with love and respect.
People need and deserve to
feel appreciated. My
suggestion is to go out of your
way to make those you work
with feel that you genuinely
appreciate them. Praise often.
Dish out compliments. If it is at
all possible and appropriate
send a card, e-mail or
handwritten note. Make a
phone call or a letter, look the
person in the eye and tell them
how much you appropriate
them. On occasion if you can
do it and again when
appropriate, send a small gift
or token of your appreciation.
M a ke y o u r a p p r e c i a t i o n
known. Do all of these often.
By remembering to
communicate and appreciate
the people you work with, your
business relationships will be
enhanced and you will be
actively make everyone's day
a little brighter including your
own. It doesn't matter whether
you get anything in return.
Always bear in mind that every
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CMA eMag
member of your staff is an
individual, not a robot, and be
aware of each one's quirks and
characteristics and way of
doing things. Don't try to crush
the headstrong individuals
who think they know it all, give
them their space, from time to
time, but don't let the things go
too far; give them praise, but
don't let them think they are
invincible. If someone who is
shy but shows potential, give
encouragement, make
individual know that he/she is
a valuable member of the
team.
Criticism is only acceptable if it
l e a d s t o p o s i t i v e
communication that will
eliminate errors and enhance
performance. There is a very
straight forward method of
ticking off:
· Be absolutely honest
and say what needs to be said.
· Ke e p t h e m e e t i n g
c o m p l e t e l y p r i va t e
unheard and unseen.
· Criticize result and
performance not the
individual.
· Show the person how
to improve.
· Look the person in the
eyes when you speak.
· Build the person up at
the end.
· Re-emphasize the
person's good points,
so that his/her self
confidence is retained.
Are we trying to understand
other's view point and
emotional makeup? If this is
the attitude we imbibe, the
communication will be
successful.

Dr. N.K.Sharma
ITFT College-Chandigarh
Fast pace of Life, Tensions,
Mental Stress and Strains, etc
have once again crated interest
in a holistic approach to health-
a conscious return to nature.
Among many segments of
tourism product, health
tourism is now gaining
popularity in India as well. The
people are increasingly
becoming health-conscious
and are travelling to different
climes to get treatments. This
also affords them an
opportunity to see attractions
of the region and to have a peep
into the cultural heritage and
social life of the local
community. The younger
generation is also seeking
escape from work related
stress. The fast pace of life,
tensions, mental stress and
strains, modern societal
pressures and today's way of
life have once again created
interest in a holistic approach to
health a conscious return to
nature.
The Business of 'Well Being'
Consumer's perspectives on
health focused on fitness and
seeking health resort
experience as an alternative or
complement other leisure
activities besides an organic
sense of well being from beauty
and artificiality coupled with
spiritual renewal, are some of
the reasons which have given a
fillip to the promotion of health
tourism in the country.
Similarly, health resorts 'spa'
are mushrooming in developed
nations and this growth and the
Exploring Health &
Herbal Tourism in North
euphoria have just started
penetrating into the Asian
markets such as Taiwan, Japan,
Thailand, Singapore,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal and
India Indication that such a
concept is on the rise globally,
which offers a blend of modern
f a c i l i t i e s a n d t ra d i t i o n a l
rejuvenation therapies. Asian
health resorts are on the
increase with the tide changing
from a mostly male activity to
more and more women looking
for the benefits offered. In the
USA people spend more than
one billion dollars annually on
anti-ageing/medical aesthetic
treatments.
The business of well-being is
estimated to reach one trillion
dollars by 2010. Spa holidays,
wellness stores shopping for
vitamin pills, sipping herbal tea
in tea temples and massage
with scented lavender oils will
be increasingly used by the
people in future. 'Holism shops'
and 'Wellness stores' will crate
the next trillion fortunes for the
new millennium,' Wellness is
considered a way of life and a
huge industry. It's about
healing the mind, body and
soul'
The major characteristics of
wellness are: active protection
of health, regular exercise, a
health diet, avoiding hazardous
substances, regular relaxation
and stress management, and
an environmentally friendly
approach to life.
Ayurvedic healthcare
Health Tourism is basically
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based on Ayurveda treatment,
which is thought of as a life
science, and includes yoga,
meditation, and the natural and
spiritual sciences. It looks at a
person as a unique individual,
and seeks to understand to
correct the imbalances and
restore the innate intelligence
and harmony of the person. It is
also known to promote positive
health, natural beauty and long
life.
Naturopathy sees health and
disease in holistic terms taking
into account the inherent
relationship between the
individual and cosmic spirit, the
individual and the cosmic
consciousness energy and
matter, naturopathy seeks to
take human beings not only
back to nature but also back to
the fundamentals of nature.
Yoga is believed to be one of the
most extraordinary spiritual
sciences that mankind has ever
discovered, which covers the
entire field of our existence
from the physical, sensory,
emotional, mental and spiritual
to the highest self-relisation.

Meditation results in increased
relaxation, unlocking the
storehouse of energy within the
body. Its benefits include a
greater sense of relaxation in
mind and body, greater
flexibility of thinking, an ability
to meet situations with
freshness and insight. Today, a
large number of corporate
houses are teaching their
executives the benefits of
meditation.
Ke r a l a h a s s u c c e s s f u l l y
exploited its exotic places and
resorts for providing Ayurvedic
healthcare to the people with
95 percent of foreigners who
specially come to the state for
treatment and the rest well-
heeled Indians. The State
tourism department has a
master plan for a hill station to
be spread over 12,500 acres of
land in central Kerala, which will
be a '' holistic health
destination''. When Ayurveda
emerged as a potential draw, it
was judged both compatible
and unique enough for the
tourism department to include
it in its marketing effort. This
has resulted in the creation of a
large number of employment
opportunities of the local
people besides helping farmers
in the cultivation of medicinal
herbs and plants. For the classy
tourist coming to Kerala,
Ayurveda is more attractive
than the scenic charms of the
State.
Inspired by the growing
interest in health tourism,
Karnataka, Rajasthan,
Uttaranchal and many other
states have started promoting
it as integral part of their overall
tourism spectrum.
In India, many 5 star hotels
have started offering an array
of treatments based on Indian
systems of medicine importing
“ East meets West” philosophy.
Another big name in the spa
boom is the beauty czarina
Shahnaz Hussain, who has
bought a 30 acre spread in
Dhauj in Haryana to expand her
business.
It is relevant to reproduce here
from the National Tourism
Policy-2002 about promoting
health tourism in the country.
“India is today being ' re-
discovered' by the world at
large for the depth of its
understanding of its physical,
mental, emotional and spiritual
manifestations of the worlds
and the humankind. In
particular, India has traditions
that focus on the holistic
healing of individuals and on
elevation the individual to a
higher plane of consciousness
and awareness. That can be
India's most unique tourism
product- holistic healing and
rejuvenation of the individual
form every dimension-
physical, mental, emotional
and spiritual and in doing so, it
will capture the essence of the
best of India philosophy and
culture for international and
India visitors alike.
Northern States offer
immense potential
Northern Indian States of
Punjab, Haryana, Himachal
Pradesh, J&K, Uttaranchal and
Chandigarh, on account of their
topography and terrain, offer
immense potential for
promoting health & herbal
tourism. However, these
states, while promoting their
distinct tourism product, have
so far not given any
consideration to develop this
fast emerging segment of the
tourism industry.
If the state government are
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unable to launch projects
themselves, they may invite
the private sector including the
non-resident Indians for setting
up health and herbal resorts
and spas in this region. Suitable
incentives and concessions
need also to be offered to the
entrepreneurs and developers
for taking up such projects.
These states may also con-
ordinate to have an integrated
health and herbal tourism
policy and plan for not only
sharing their experiences and
resources but for organizing
inter-state herbal tours as well.
These tours should also include
visits to other places such as
forts, palaces, temples,
monasteries, historical &
archaeological sites,
handicrafts centers and places
which offer ethnic cuisine.
Development of this form of
tourism, besides enlarging the
existing scope of tourism,
would also bring considerable
economic benefits to the people
and even to those who are
living relatively in less
developed areas and the
farmers who cultivate the herbs
and medicinal plants.
The states should also earmark
sites for setting up health and
herbal resorts and develop
necessary infrastructure such
as roads, power and water
supply etc. Till the time new
resorts are developed, state
tourism authorities could
consider introducing
panchakarma, yoga,
meditation and naturopathy
programmes in some of their
selected establishments.
Awareness campaigns to make
the local people aware about
the value to preserve the
medicinal plants and herbs and
to cultivate the same on
scientific basis need also be
carried out by the state
Ayurveda and forest
departments in tandem with
the local panchayats and the
tourism departments.

Monika Aggarwal
In September 2008 , America's
one of the biggest investment
bank, Lehman Brothers, collapsed
and initiated chain reaction of
economic, financial and
psychological crisis which very
soon overpowered the entire
globe. The evolution of crises
started in the early 1980's in the
USA, due to deregulation;
financial assets grew more rapidly
than the real sector. This process
further gathered speed by the
following events:
• The stock market boom in the
second half of the 1990s,
• The mortgage-housing boom
that began in the late 1990s,
• And the rapid pace of
financial innovation in the past
decade
Global Financial Crisis
Banking all over the world
witnessed disaster due to Global
financial crisis. The decline in the
global outlook that started in the
middle of 2008 continued through
out 2009, although signs of
stabilization have begun to
emerge. Globally, there was
decline in bank's profits, but the
way banks have been affected
by the crisis has differed
somewhat according to the
circumstances in their respective
home markets.
In US there was a surge in bank
failures in 2008. A total of 25
deposit-taking institutions failed,
with combined assets of US$ 372
billion, about 10 times higher than
during the previous peak in bank
failures in 1993. The failure of
Washington Mutual accounted for
US$ 307 billion of the total and
was the largest US bank failure in
history. In Europe, the general
picture of bank performance in
2008 was broadly similar to that in
Indian Banking in the
Global Context
North America. Profits plummeted
across the board, and as a group
the largest banks in the
Netherlands, Switzerland and the
United Kingdom registered a net
loss. Japanese banks profitability
also remained poor due to low net
interest margins.
In view of the global
developments, and the diverse
channels of transmission, there is
a need to analyze the
developments in Indian banking.
In a cross-country perspective,
Indian banking sector has
displayed healthy trends, as
compared to China, USA, UK and
Japan. The significant aspect is
that India has so far never
witnessed a banking crisis. Some
of the reasons for India's
insulation are: (1) credit
derivative market not properly
developed; (2) regulatory
guidelines on securitization do not
permit immediate profit
recognition; (3) close co-
ordination between supervision of
banks and their regulation.
Balanced approach for
financial liberalization
Lord Adair Turner said that the
sensible conclusion on the overall
benefits of financial intensity and
financial liberalisation, would
seem to be that it is valuable up to
a point in some markets, but not in
all markets and not limitlessly.
There is a strong case that the
development of a modern financial
system, combining banks and
corporate bond and equity
markets, retail and wholesale
insurance services is strongly
favorable for economic growth.
Walter Bagehot argued in
Lombard Street that the
sophistication of the nineteenth
century British banking system
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CMA eMag
enabled the UK more effectively
than some continental European
countries to mobilize savings
which might otherwise have lain
dormant, and there are a number
of studies which illustrate either
cross sectional or time series
correlations between the
development of basic banking and
financial systems and economic
growth. It is highly likely that in
India financial deepening; in the
sense of the extension of basic
banking services and sound credit
extension to sectors of the
population currently largely
outside the banking system would
be positive for welfare and growth.
But we cannot extrapolate from
the beneficial impact of financial
deepening and sophistication up
to a point, and assume that still
more financial deepening,
innovation and complexity is
limitlessly beneficial. Summing
up it can be said that there is need
for balanced approach for financial
liberalization and financial
deepening, as it depends upon the
supervisory and regulatory
structure if the country.
References : Reserve Bank of
india(2009), Reprt on Trend and
progress in banking , October 2009,
*Lord Turner ,Chairman, Financial
Services Authority, United Kingdom,
at the Fourteenth C. D. Deshmukh
Memorial Lecture on February 15,
2010 at Mumbai)
See , e.g. I.R.G.King and R.Levine “
Finance and growth: Schumpeter
might be right”“ Quarterly Journal of
Economics” 1993 , or Rouseeau and
Sylla, Emerging Financial Markets and
Early US Growth, NBER WP 7448

Balwant Gurunay
Author, Poet, Mentor, Attitudinal and Soft skills Coach,
Corporate Motivator and Business Strategy Consultant
Self Appraisal is considered
an effective tool of
management. It is perceived
that an employee's self
appraisal helps the
organization in better
managing the employee and
his performance, skills and
traits. Self appraisal is all
about an honest and earnest
self observation. This relies
on reasoning and examining
one's own thoughts and
feelings, and actions in light
of one's core values. The
paradox is that it is very
difficult to indulge in genuine
and effective Introspection.
This is so because all our
journeys to the inner world
are carried out in the light of
our external world. It is worth
mentioning here that
Behaviorists consider
introspection an unreliable
tool of self analysis as we
generally fail to see our own
failings. The secret of all good
self appraisals is hidden in
the honest intention of
studying one self. If the
subject only wants to project
a desired image of him, then
Self Appraisal A Psychological
Tool of Management
“self appraisal” is merely a
tool of expression, a tool that
may not be projecting the
true image of self, and thus a
tool of deceit. If the subject
desires to use it as an
instrument of genuine self
improvement, it requires a
great deal of moral courage
and integrity.
Thus organisations need to
work on building positive
beliefs and values in their
workforce. This can be done
by holding regular attitudinal
correction workshops or
training sessions on building
positive values. With the
desirable positive values and
beliefs in place, self appraisal
becomes a personality
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development tool. When
applied well it can have a long
lasting effect on quality and
production elements of any
business.
Here is a beautiful story of a
boy called Lali. One day Lali
went into a general store in
great haste and reached for
the phone. He asked the
owner if he could make a call.
Lali could be heard talking to
some lady on the other side
of the phone. This is what the
store owner heard.
Lali, “Madam, Can you give
me the job of mowing your
lawn?
The lady replied, "I already
have someone to mow my
lawn.
“But I will mow your lawn for

half the price of the person
who now mow's your lawn."
replied Lali.
“I am satisfied with the boy
who works for me”.
The little boy found more
perseverance and offered, "
I'll also help you walk your
dog and clean the porch”.
Again the woman answered
in the negative.
With a smile on his face, Lali
replaced the receiver. The
store-owner, walked over to
the boy and said," Son, I like
your attitude and would like
to offer you a job."
"No thanks, "Said Lali. “I was
just checking my
performance with the job I
already have. I am the one
who is working for that lady!"
If your values are in place you
always want to improve and
will find ways and means to
do it. Otherwise even self
appraisals are nothing more
than a tool to cheat one and
other, a tool for building false
facades to hide behind,
rather than improving one
self. Thus I strongly advocate
that, for all appraisals to
work, the integrity and
honesty of purpose must be
in place, both for the
employees and the
employers. To elaborate this
I remember another story
where the pot is a metaphor
for an employee and the
water bearer is the manager.
The story goes like this. A
water bearer used to bring
two pots filled with water to a
king's palace every day. One
of the pots he carried had a
small hole in it. This pot could
never reach the palace full of
water where as the other pot
delivered a brim full of water
every day.
This went on for days. The
perfect pot was proud of its
accomplishments where as
the pot with the hole got sad.
After a year of what it
perceived to be a bitter
failure, he spoke to the water
bearer, "I am ashamed for
having delivered only half of
my capacity. The water
bearer said filled with
compassion, "As we get back
to the palace today I want
you to notice the beautiful
flowers growing along our
path , and notice that the
flowers grow only on your
side of the path. I always
knew about the hole in you.
It's only my fault that I could
not repair it and nor could I
get it repaired. [In
managerial parlance I could
neither train you to improve,
nor could I outsource some
training to fill up the gaps.] ...
So I decided to turn your
curse in to a blessing (a
metaphor for good
management and lateral
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thinking.) I planted flowers
on your side of the walk. This
way I have been decorating
the palace vases with
beautiful flowers and made
the king very happy. But for
your little flaw I could never
have thought of the flowers.
So do not worry. I still admire
you and believe in you.
The story teaches us that
management is not just
about hiring and firing
people, because real life
people are not zombies after
all. Management is getting
the best out of people by
encouraging them to do their
best and letting them know
that in spite of their little
flaws they are precious. This
way they shall deliver their
best. Don't forget that even a
pot with a hole can be
advantageously utilized.
My personal experience is
that the in spite of all the
appraisals the best thing to
move a person in the
desirable direction can just
be done by using these four
words-
"I BELIEVE IN YOU".
These four immensely
motivating words, if used at
the right time and for the
right purpose, will not only
motivate people to do their
best but also motivate them
to be the best that they can
be.

Dr P K Vasudeva
Former senior professor
ICFAI Business School, Chandigarh
Abstract : Competition policy
is concerned both with private
anticompetitive practices and
with government measures or
instruments that affect the
state of competition in
markets. Greater competition
in product markets can lead to
lower prices, greater choice,
and increased production
efficiency, ultimately
contributing to a country's
growth and development.
Broadly classifying, there are
two models of anticompetitive
practices viz. (a)
microeconomic model, and (b)
macroeconomic model.
The total volume of merger
and acquisition deals with
focus on India has almost
halved so far in 2009 to $ 2.7
billion against $ 5.3 billion last
in 2008, according to global
deal tracking firm Dealogic.
The Act regulates only those
mergers and acquisitions,
which qualify under the
definition of “combination”
under Section 5. In practice,
there may come up a situation
where a merger may not come
under the definition of
“combination” under Section
5, largely because of the
benchmarks prescribed
therein, yet it may give rise to
grave anticompetitive
Competition Law
Part-1, Introduction And
International Position
practices. This situation has to
be avoided.
Introduction
Once one allows for the
possibility that private firms
can create barriers to entry or
foreclose entry to a market by
new firms, then improving
dynamic economic
performance may well require
enforcement of policies to
promote or ensure
competition.
Competition policy is
concerned both with private
anticompetitive practices and
with government measures or
instruments that affect the
state of competition in
markets. For example, trade
barriers, barriers to FDI, and
licensing requirements
(among others) can influence
the extent of competitive
pressures in markets and so
are often seen as appropriate
concerns of competition policy.
Barriers to trade and FDI, as
well as stringent licensing and
registration requirements can
influence the extent of
competitive pressures in
markets and so are seen as
legitimate concerns of
competition policy. Thus, as
Peter Lloyd has put it: "Policies
relating to the liberalization of
international trade, reduction
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in restrictions on foreign direct
investment, privatization,
deregulation and the
protection of intellectual
property rights are all relevant
to the promotion of
competition in markets" (Lloyd
2001).
Competition Law
Greater competition in product
markets can lead to lower
prices, greater choice, and
increased production
e f f i c i e n c y, u l t i m a t e l y
contributing to a country's
growth and development.
Restrictions to competition
must generally therefore be
removed to enable markets to
deliver the benefits of
competition to consumers and
to support sustainable
economic growth.
Indian market has witnessed a
paradigm shift, from regulated
e c o n o m y t o w a r d s
liberalisation since the last
decade and a half. For
attainment of technological
dynamism and international
competitiveness, it is
necessary to have a strong
national anticompetitive
regime, which can
complement liberalisation
policy. At the beginning of 21st
century, 85 countries had
enacted competition

legislation in their respective
countries. Another 20 or more
countries are in the process of
drafting and enacting
competition laws. It has been
researched that countries with
competition laws account for
nearly 80 per cent of the total
world output and 86 per cent of
world trade. This
acknowledges an increasing
realization that an appropriate
legal framework is essential to
encourage competition.
In the wake of these
developments, India enacted
“the Competition Act, 2002”
(Amendment) 2007 to replace
the Monopolies and Restrictive
Trade Practices (MRTP) Act,
1969. The latter is no longer
relevant in the changing
economic scenario. It drew
inspiration from Articles 38
and 39(b) of the Constitution,
which seek to prevent
concentration of economic
power and ensure that the
material resources of the
country are so distributed as to
subserve the common good.
However, it created entry
barriers to new firms.
Clearances had to be obtained
for expansion and capacity
licenses under a control
system. Even agreements for
the import of foreign
technology required approval.
International Position on
Competition
Liberalisation, privatization
and globalization indicate that
the effects of restrictive
business practices are felt
beyond national borders.
H o w e v e r, i t s h o u l d b e
understood that such practices
could reduce the benefits of
open trade and investment
liberalisation in at least three
ways:
(1) First, international
cartels among multinational
firms would fix prices or
allocate world markets;
(2) Second, import cartels
and adoption of exclusionary
practices by firms with a
dominant position in domestic
market; and
(3) Third, export cartel and
firms with dominant position in
a home market.
Although the entire WTO
system is based on free trade,
yet there is recognition of
interventions by national
legislation relating to
competition. Like the goal of
establishing a liberal trade
policy, the goal of competition
policy is generally to ensure
that markets are open and
competitive which promotes
the efficient allocation of
resources. Competition law
complements trade policy by
ensuring that the reduction or
elimination of government
barriers to trade is not negated
by anticompetitive behaviour
of private firms through the
abuse of market power or
through collusive behaviour.
The view that private
anticompetitive behaviour
could undermine global trade
liberalisation was appreciated
as early as in 1947 when it was
proposed to add the provisions
of Chapter V of the Havana
Charter dealing with cartels to
GATT 1947. Proposals to
resuscitate the same failed in
1955-56
In 1997, Working Group on the
Interaction between Trade &
Competition (WGTCP) was set
up pursuant to the Singapore
Ministerial Declaration in
1996. The practices affecting
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market access such as import
cartels, international cartels,
abuse of a dominant position
through exclusionary
practices, vertical restraints,
which foreclose markets to
competitors constituted the
first category of restrictive
practices. GATT and its
successor WTO have
progressively removed or
lifted government barriers on
trade.
References
Ahn, S. 2002. "Competition,
Innovation and Productivity
Growth: A Review of Theory
and Evidence." Economics
Department Working Paper
No. 317. Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and
Development, Paris.
Brooks, D.H. and S. Evenett.
2005 (forthcoming).
Competition Policy and
Development in Asia. London:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Government of India. 2000.
Report of the High Level
Committee on Competition
Policy and Law. Available:
http://www.dca.nic.in/comp/
mainfile.htm.
Government of Viet Nam.
2002. Price Ordinance 2002.
Hanoi.
Monopolies and Restrictive
Trade Practices Commission
(MRTP Commission). 1997.
Alkali Manufacturers
Association of India vs.
American Natural Soda Ash
Corporation (ANSAC) and
Others, 1997 (5) CTJ, 288.
New Delhi.
Vasudeva P. K. (2005)
Reprinted 2010, WTO:
Implications on Indian
Economy, Pearson Education,
New Delhi.
 CMA eMag

DNA Computing:
New Computing Paradigms
Navdeep Kaur Chauhan,
Principal CIIS-IST, Mohali,
Member of Executive Council , CMA

What quantum of data can be organisms. The storage

stored in just one Cubic inch
of DNA? Can you imagine?
The answer may pleasantly
surprise you! The entire data
that millions of computers
available in the world since
the inception of this Scientific
Marvel. DNA computing is a
form of computing which uses
DNA, biochemistry and
molecular biology, instead of
the traditional silicon-based
computer technologies. DNA
c o m p u t i n g , o r, m o r e
g e n e r a l l y, m o l e c u l a r
computing, is a fast
developing interdisciplinary
area. DNA computers use
DNA to store information and
p e r f o r m c o m p l e x
calculations. DNA has a vast
amount of storage capacity
computers might tap the vast
storage capacity that enables
DNA to hold the complex
blueprints of living
capacity of a single gram of
DNA can hold as much
information as one trillion
compact discs. The DNA is a
double stranded molecule.
Each strand is based on 4
bases: Adenine (A), Thymine
(T), Cytosine (C), Guanine
(G). The linkage between
bases has a direction. There
are complementarities
between bases (Watson-
Crick), (A) ßà (T), (C) ßà (G)
C h a ra c t e r i s t i c s o f D N A
Computing
1) Dense Information
Storage
This image shows 1
gram of DNA on a CD.
The CD can hold 800
MB of data.
• The 1 gram of
DNA can hold about
14
1x10 MB of data.
• The number of
CDs required to hold
this amount of
information, lined up
edge to edge, would
circle the Earth 375
times, and would take
163,000 centuries to
listen to.
2) Power Consumption: DNA
computing also offers much
lower power consumption
than traditional silicon
computers. DNA uses
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
as fuel to allow ligation or as a
means to heat the strand to
cause disassociation.
3) Parallel Processing: The
main benefit of using DNA
computers to solve complex
problems is that different
possible solutions are created
all at once. This is known as
parallel processing. Humans
and most electronic
computers must attempt to
solve the problem one
process at a time (linear
processing). DNA itself
provides the added benefits
of being a cheap, energy-
efficient resource.
4) Small Size: DNA's key
advantage is that it will make
computers smaller than any
computer that has come

16

before them, while at the
same time holding more data.
One pound of DNA has the
capacity to store more
information than all the
electronic computers ever
built;and the computing
power of a teardrop-sized
DNA computer, using the DNA
logic gates, will be more
powerful than the world's
m o s t p o w e r f u l
supercomputer.
5) Unlike the toxic materials
used to make traditional
microprocessors, DNA
biochips can be made cleanly.
6) Less Expensive: As long as
there are cellular organisms,
there will always be a supply
of DNA. The large supply of
DNA makes it a cheap
resource.
Applications of DNA
Computing
The potential applications
of re-coding natural DNA into
a computable form are many
and include:
DNA sequencing
DNA fingerprinting
DNA mutation detection
Development and
miniaturization of
biosensors, which could
potentially allow
communication between
molecular sensory computers
and conventional
electronic computers.
The fabrication of nano-scale
objects that can be placed in
intracellular locations for
monitoring and modifying cell
function
The replacement of silicon
devices with nano-scale
m o l e c u l a r - b a s e d
computational systems, and
the application of
biopolymers in the
formation of novel nano-
structured materials with
unique optical and selective
transport properties
DNA based models of
computation might be useful
for simulating or modelling
o t h e r e m e r g i n g
computational paradigms,
such as quantum computing,
which may not be feasible
until much later.
Evolutionary programming
for applications in design or
expert systems.
In theory, this technology
could one day lead to the
d e v el o p m e n t o f hy b r i d
computer systems, in which
a silicon-based PC
generates the code for
automated laboratory- based
operations, carried out in a
miniature 'lab in a box' linked
to the PC.
Comparison of DNA
Computer with Conventional
Computer:
Basics D N A C o m p u t e r s
Conventional Computers
Storage Media Nucleic
acids Semiconductors
Memory Capacity Ultra-
High High
Operators Biochemical
Operations L o g i c a l
Operations (and, or, not)
Operations Simultaneous
(Parallel) B i t w i s e
(Sequential)
Speed of each Operation
Slow Fast
Process Stochastic
Deterministic
Latest Developments:
Israeli scientists have devised
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CMA eMag
a computer that is so tiny that
a trillion of them could fit in a
test tube and perform can
perform 330 trillion
operations per second, more
than 1,00,000 times the
speed of the fastest PC with
99.8 percent accuracy. It is
the first programmable
autonomous computing
machine in which the input,
output, software and
hardware are all made of bio-
molecules. Recently, the
team has gone one step
further. In the new device, the
single DNA molecule that
provides the computer with
the input data also provides
all the necessary fuel.
Classical DNA computing
techniques have already been
theoretically applied to a real
life problem: breaking the
Data Encryption Standard,
DES. Although this problem
has already been solved using
conventional techniques in a
much shorter time than
proposed by the DNA
methods, the DNA models are
much more flexible, potent,
and cost effective.
Israeli scientists have devised
a computer composed of DNA
and enzymes. The enzyme
FokI breaks bonds in the DNA
double helix, causing the
release of enough energy for
the system to be self-
sufficient. The design is
considered a giant step in
DNA computing which could
transform the future of
computers, especially in
pharmaceutical and
biomedical applications.

Col ( Retd) Taj Hoda,
AVP- Admin and Research Scholar in
HR in Panjab University, Chandigarh.
India's fast paced economic
growth during the last decade
has thrown a peculiar problem
to the employers of “How to
retain good and talented
Employees”. Though, there is
n o d e a r t h o f “ Tal e n t e d
workforce” in the market,
retaining talented employees
has turned out to be a tricky
situation for most of the
employers/HR professionals,
especially so, in the service
industry in the market.
Poaching, giving counter offers
to “performers and high
achievers” has become the
norm and especially so in
service industry where
attrition rates are much higher.
Not to be outdone in the rat-
race, talented candidates are
lapping it up and are ever
happy “hopping jobs at the
drop of a hat” for getting a
g o o d ra i s e . H e n c e , i t ' s
important to find and list the
main causes of attrition, how
we overcome them and what
measures may be adopted to
retain employees.
Main Causes of Attrition
being poor working
conditions, lack of
appreciation of work, support,
opportunity for advancement
and inadequate
compensation.
Suggested ways to
Overcome Attrition
a. Environmental Strategy:
- This involves creating and
Employee Retention Strategy
in Service Industry
maintaining a conducive
workplace, which is able to
attract, retain and nourish
employees.
b. Relationship Strategy: -
It dwells on how the employers
treat their employees which
itself lends to how employees
treat each other and have good
bonding.
c. Support Strategy: - It
involves giving support to the
employees by providing the
right tools, techniques,
equipment, and resources to
complete the job.
d. Growth Strategy: -
Growth is the second nature of
humans and hence the
employers must provide ample
growth opportunities for all its
employees.
e. Compensation Strategy:
- Compensation strategies
include all monetary benefits
and perquisites with
employee's stock options. It
must be commensurate to
both qualifications and
experience of the employee.
Some Useful Tips on
Retaining Employees:
Employers need to follow
transparent and consistent HR
policies in order to retain
employees and implementing
the following may go a long
way in retaining employees for
long term. Selection of right
candidate for the right job is
the first step towards
employee retention. Induction
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program should be long
enough to help good
orientation with the Company.
The organization must have
well laid out ethos and values
and be percolated at all levels.
Transparent system of rewards
and recognition should be in
place. Set up proper annual
and long term personal and
professional growth plan for all
employees. Be aware of
poaching activities undertaken
by various recruiters and
sanitize the Company from
such hazards. Facilitate getting
the job done by providing
adequate tools and resources.
Ensure to have proper
corporate succession plan in
place at all times. And there
must be a meaningful exit
interview of all the employees
who resign as it serves as a
good data base to analyze the
causes of employees turn over.
Therefore, the key to
employee retention in service
industry remains right hiring,
meaningful induction, good
value system, instituting
transparent rewards and
recognition policy, planning for
personal and professional
growth, creating healthy
working environment, proper
succession planning and
facilitating them to achieve the
desired results.
Source: www.teconline.com

R.Rajan, Strategist & Facilitator
Outsourcing is the buzzword
today with more and more
organizations opting to
outsource various processes
and procedures to specialized
agencies. Outsourcing is no
longer restricted to
international companies but
extends to small and mid-sized
domestic organizations as
well. By outsourcing, these
businesses and organizations
free up time and resources
that can easily be utilized for
more important strategic
planning and execution.
Today, let us take a look at HR
outsourcing and the reasons
why it is fast becoming an
organizational need.
To begin with outsourcing HR
processes such as recruitment,
hiring, selection, payroll and
others allows HR professionals
to be more involved in the
organizational goals, planning
and execution rather than be
swamped with routine
paperwork and file pushing.
Moreover, outsourcing is cost
effective besides being more
r e s e a r c h - i n t e n s i v e . Fo r
instance, outsourcing the
payroll function means that
the outsourcing company will
devote considerable time to
surveying the market and
using well-developed industry
knowledge to arrive at the
right compensation packages.
Such attention to detail and
emphasis on thoroughness
ensures a high level of quality.
Outsourcing HR functions such
as candidate recruitment and
selection will make it easier for
companies to hire the right
candidates and be better
equipped to retain them.
Full-fledged HR outsourcing
organizations go the whole
mile and provide businesses
with services that extend
beyond recruitment and
payroll. They provide training,
personnel administration, HR
advice, ad-hoc support,
contracts and procedural
advice and consultation,
setting up rewards and
recognition systems as well as
being on call for any kind of
HR-related assistance. In
other words, full-service HR
outsourcing organizations take
over all the human resources-
related activities and make it
easier for a business to focus
on target setting and goal
achievement.
Outsourcing and particularly,
HR outsourcing has been a part
of the Indian business scenario
for many years now. It does
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CMA eMag
Taking a Look at
HR Outsourcing
have many advantages and
benefits including enhanced
employee and business
effectiveness, higher quality,
greater flexibility, bringing
about organizational change
and increasing customer
satisfaction and product or
service value. However, in
order to experience all these
benefits, it is important to
choose an outsourcing agency
that sets up the HR systems
and processes with extreme
thoroughness and attention to
detail. HR outsourcing
agencies must possess teams
o f i n d u s t r y- t ra i n e d a n d
experienced professionals, an
insight into the functioning of
major and minor industries
and an ability to execute HR
processes externally yet
seamlessly.
So, should you decide to
choose to outsource your HR
processes and functions, do go
ahead. It is a win-win decision.
H o w e v e r, c h o o s e y o u r
outsourcing agency with care.
Moreover, if you are a business
who has outsourced, please
feel free to share your
experiences.

J.N.Vohra, B.Tech (Text.),
M.Tech, F.I.E., C.Eng (I), LMIMA
The report on the Task Force
on MSMEs set up by Union
Government noted that India
has the advantage of a large
pool of human resources,
h o w e v e r, t h e i n d u s t r y
continues to face deficit in
manpower possessing the
right skills for manufacturing,
service, marketing, etc.
Although SME sector employs
substantial manpower, the
retention of workmen
continues to be the issue.
The textiles and clothing (T &
C) industry is labour
intensive. The T & C sector
contributes 4% towards
National GDP and 12% of
export earnings. This sector
employs 35 million workmen.
Over the years, developed
countries have been shifting
their garment production
bases and outsourcing
centres to developing
countries, many of them have
put up their camps in India
also.
S i g n i f i c a n t l y, U n i o n
Development Budget 2010-
11 declared to launch an
extensive skill development
Empowering Women
Workers in Garment Industry
programme in the textile and
garment sector by leveraging
the strength of existing
institutions under Textile
Ministry to train 30 Lakh
persons over 5 years under
the programme. The
proposed Skills Development
Programme for textiles and
garments sector would
provide long-term benefit to
the textile industry, which
has been facing shortage of
skilled labour since the last
few years.
Productivity and Quality
The quality standards of
developed world are stringent
and in view of globalisation of
the markets they require the
products at competitive
prices and at fixed delivery
schedules. In order to meet
these requirements, not only
the management of the
factories but also the shop
floor level work force required
to be skilled to meet
international business
p ra c t i c e s . I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Buyers will come to those who
will be able to give advantage
of lower wages, higher
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CMA eMag
Labour productivity and
quicker response to demand.
A study on the productivity of
the garment sector shows
that there is considerable
scope for improvement,
particularly, in aspect of
labour productivity. It has
been found that, workmen
working on conventional
equipments require
upgrading their skills to cope
up with the technological
changes taking place in the
garment industry. Due to lack
of proper skills training and
development, many garment
manufacturers have
restricted many factories on
low value added products.
Bias towards women
workers
The advanced machines
require more skilled and
knowledge operators;
besides other things this may

be the reason why there may
be a prejudice toward
employing men rather than
women in the garment
industry in India. In other
garment producing countries
in Asia, large numbers of
women are employed. For
example in Bangladesh
women count for 90%,
similarly in Cambodia 85%,
Sri Lanka 80% and in China
70%. The average of women
working in Indian garment
industry is less than 40%.
Ludhiana garment industry is
male dominated and more
than 40% of the labour force
is migratory. Lately due to
National Rural employment
Guarantee Act (NREGA),
industry suffered shortage of
workforce during peak
season.
Majority of workers in the
garment factories, especially
in Bangalore comprising of 93
per cent, come from the rural
areas. Despite the fact that a
large number of female
employees work in the
garment sector, men still
have the upper hand. As a
result, it becomes very
difficult for women to express
their needs. It is unfortunate
that in many factories female
labour are still underpaid
compared to male labours for
similar jobs.
Employers generally assume
women to be less productive
than men and hence offer
lower wages to women under
time rates. Whereas, it has
been seen that under piece
rate work, where wages
earned match productivity,
women workers receive
wages equivalent to their
counterpart male workers for
the same work performed. It
has been found that women
are at an advantage in some
kinds of work, work that could
be termed “female
advantageous”, such as
assembly line stitching,
h e m m i n g , e m b r o i d e r y,
labelling, packing, where if
men were to be substituted,
there would probably be loss
in productivity.
Empowering Women
Punjabi women, known for
their robust health, have the
lowest share in workforce in
all industry segments with
participation rate of about 8
percent as per an estimate.
Andhra Pradesh has
approximately 35 per cent,
Arunachal Pradesh 38 per
cent, Himachal Pradesh 34
and Haryana had 12 per cent
share.
Now some companies in
Ludhiana are encouraging
hiring of female workers,
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CMA eMag
especially young girls from
rural backgrounds. The
young women come to work
in the factories to save money
for their future, including
their dowries, and to support
their families. Women feel
empowered by their earnings
and attain confidence and self
esteem as income earners.
Because they may be young
women living away from
home, the employers and the
community should look
favourably the public image
of women workers.
U n f o r t u n a t e l y, w o m e n
workers generally suffer from
gender subordination to
largely male employers and
managers in a system that
considers women workers as
dispensable labour. Similarly,
for upward mobility in the
labour hierarchy of factories,
female workers generally
stand few opportunities.
It is essential that special
consideration in various
aspects need to be taken
where most of the garment
sector workforce is female.
Some of these aspects are
regulation of work hours,
overtimes extending to late
hours in the night, health and
s a f e t y, p r o v i s i o n f o r
maternity leaves, female
doctors at work places and
handling issues of sexual
harassment.

Jagadeesh Balakrishnan
Software Process and Project Management Consulting
“But let there be spaces in your
togetherness and let the winds
of the heavens dance between
you. Love one another but make
not a bond of love: let it rather
be a moving sea between the
shores of your souls Kahlil
Gibran”
It all started during a post dinner
peep in the front verandah of our
house in Chandigarh a week
ago!
The Sun had said Goodbye to
City Beautiful and the Moon had
took over the fine art of enticing
the human mind. I was loitering
in the first floor and casually
noted that directly in front of the
house on a reasonably high
raised tree there was a
systematically arranged nest
made in layers of sticks and
stones. During this sleepy peep I
accidentally found a couple of
birds too perfectly hidden in the
dark colors of the sky sitting
equidistant apart on both sides
of the nest protecting the nest,
still, brownish black, alert and
very vigilant too!
From the size of the two birds
and a careful look at their
features I found that they were
eagles and easily judged that
the nest should be an Eagle's
Nest!
Out of a passerby curiosity the
next day morning too I casually
glanced at the nest on my way
down to office and found the
eagles were not in the nest
(maybe hunting for food).
Incidentally, the same day
evening the earlier pattern
repeated two eagles guarding
their nest with zest the same
way (like the day before) as if
they were going through a
military rigor…
The stillness of the birds and the
surrounding calm triggered a
sense of deep affection in my
heart without notice and later on
with each passing day the sight
of the birds and their majesty
made me a regular post dinner
peeper to the nest. The
emotions I felt while reading the
wonderful portrayal of the
untamed “River” in the classical
novel “Deliverance” written by
James Dickey exactly matched
with the emotions triggered by
these eagles in the stillness of
night.
These eagles seemed to be
creation of nature's quest for
representing itself in varieties;
the sameness of the common
man's quest (shelter + food
habits) compared to the dare
devilry of these eagles in
fighting with nature day in and
day out touched one's soul
d e e p l y. I i m a g i n e d t h e
harshness of weather they are
facing and the threats from
humans too cutting off nature
reserves and killing the calm for
sure they would have a tough
time surviving…the original
native Indian in America with an
eagle feather in his cap
symbol of braveness came to
mind suddenly…
I now see these eagles here
every night guarding their nest
with great alertness and when I
think that these birds would
separate their young ones in a
matter of months I feel stunned
as to why they are so dedicated
when in the 40 years of their
lifetime they are never going to
see their young ones again their
eaglets will not be there to take
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CMA eMag
Eagle's Nest!
care of them when their
extremely keen eyesight (which
enable them to spot potential
prey from a very long distance)
would fade away and age would
do the catch up game….
Why this dedication to the nest is
the question mind asks and I get
convinced that the true
demands of nature like loving
the young ones are instinctive
and not result expecting…I
wondered when the stone age
man learnt to expect his son or
grandson to take care of him…I
think that during the micro
moment this expectation started
a fissure and move away from
nature has begun for insecurity
sets in when we expect the
succeeding generation to take
care of us and we become over
protective or over curbing their
need to explore life…the love of
separation is one of the truest
dimensions of love which man
has failed to master yet…these
night time eagles preached me
silently to expect nothing from
my succeeding generation just
love and if time comes let them
go to live their lives and choose
their paths…do not impinge your
thoughts and habits on the
a “golden investment” nature has
made on a new life…with a 2
week old baby sleeping inside
the room these thoughts of
tomorrow touched me deep
inside…
Nature has many a tales to tell -
let me watch the hatch soon in
the nest and maybe I will let you
know when they start flying too
bye for now!

Nitin Gupta
MBA student of Set Business School
University of Jammu.
Since Jammu & Kashmir is
c o n s i d e r e d t o b e h e a ve n
/paradise on earth. Every human
being has desire to visit Kashmir
at least once in a life. But
everyone is not lucky to be there.
Jammu Kashmir is such place
where we can see mixture of
religions, culture, and ethos. It is
one of the largest state as it is
diversified and it is into 3 regions
covering Jammu, Kashmir,
ladakh. In pre independence era
when it was ruled by Maharaja
Hari Singh, it had a large territory
covering Gilgit, POK. But now,
territory got shrunk by Pakistani
intrusion on 1948.
A lost Opportunity of Tourism
Basically the demography of J&K
is such that it is surrounded by
our neighbours like China,
Pakistan, and Afghanistan. As
everyone is aware of, what
Pakistan has done during 4
forced wars, from 1948 till 1999
Kargil war, now nurturing
terrorism as an asset to derail
India's growth. Because Tourist
visiting Kashmir in large numbers
can add good growth to nation,
Kashmir could be hot destination
for tourists. But since 2 decades,
militancy has hit the Kashmir
particularly affecting
Jammu & Kashmir :
Deprivation of a Tourist Place
employment of local population
solely dependent on tourists.
We have good heritage in Jammu
Kashmir like Nishat Garden,
Shankracharya, Ladakh's
landscape, and many temples.
But the terrorist activities
destroy each and every dream to
be there. Even we Jammuites are
unable to visit Kashmir that
shows our desperation of not
visiting there. We cannot directly
say that terrorism is the issue
responsible for less tourism
there, but employment
opportunities are not there,
especially when private players
are reluctant to provide jobs to
locals and prefer hiring from
outside state.
Dearth of Employment
Avenues
There requires a special
resolution, as prevalent in other
states, that local youths
especially fresher should get
opportunity to get job. They are
forced to go outside J&K to
explore job avenues and they
never return to state, so
educated youth is becoming
lesser and lesser in the state.
With the increasing of Business
schools providing management
education like MBA, BBA etc
there is growth of availability of
skilled manpower within the
state, but the need of the hour is
to tap that opportunity within the
state so that they can be
absorbed here. Otherwise why
tourists want to be there when
they will find that locals are not
happy there. So there is urgent
need to address the problem of
unemployment in state.
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CMA eMag
It is one of the pushing factors for
many local Kashmir youth to take
to terrorism as their option for
making money. In order to
eliminate the cause of this evil
there is need for effective
management model where there
is scope for youth to get
absorbed after receiving higher
education. There is enough
tourist potential available here
but if that could be maintained
effectively by public private
partnership, then the problem of
unemployment would be reduced
to a great extent.
Government should create
management for keeping vigil
over private players that they are
not ignoring talented local youth
for job avenues. So a resolution
is required. We need to do these
things as soon as possible so that
Jammu Kashmir becomes once
again a healthy tourist spot for
tourists in India. In this way I
close my views. This is a
desperate call from talented
youth of Jammu Kashmir to have
basic job avenues availability
there otherwise reluctantly
educated youth has to find their
ways outside Jammu Kashmir
and we may not be able to
address the very important issue
of unemployment and hence

Alakshita Pasricha,
Post Graduate Diploma In Management
(2008-10) [Sixth Semester], Regional Institute
Of Co-operative Management, Sector 32-C Chandigarh.
The state of Punjab is
blessed with rich culture and
heritage. Here the people are
very fond of different
varieties of food (spicy,
roasted) and are quite keen
towards various kinds of
attires, accessories etc. Like
many other parts of the
country, here also Rajas and
Maharajas were very fond of
dressing and delicacies.Till
today this inheritance
continues. People, even now
after centuries, are still
continuing this tradition
.Among many things,
Phulkari embroidery of
Punjab is very famous.
One of the less famous but
more popular among all other
things is Punjabi Juttis. It is
typical to Punjab. This royal
footwear was worn by
Nawabs of Lucknow and
maharajas of Patiala, besides
the rich families of Punjab
and nearby states. These
The Ethenic Choice
juttis were also known by the
name SHAHI JUTTIS. In
those days embroidery work
on juttis used to be with gold
thread. However, now that
has been replaced by silk and
cotton thread. There are
many varieties of Punjabi
juttis. The ceremonial ones
which are generally designer
juttis having sequined work,
beaded work and work done
with gold and silver thread.
MIirror work in combination
with different coloured
threads is known as Phulkari
juttis.
The major area of
manufacturing of these juttis
was Patiala (Punjab) and
nearby places. Patiala used to
be main hub. But now, the
manufacturing of Punjabi
Juttis has spread to other
cities of Punjab, however,
Patiala is still leading. There
are special karigars
(craftsmen) who have been
in this job for many
generations. It is a
specialized job and art is
being passed on from one
generation to other.
The Designer Footwear
The Punjabi Juttis have been
in fashion constantly. Its
demand is on the increase, as
the younger generation has
also taken to it. One unique
feature which has now being
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CMA eMag
Punjabi Juttis :
associated with Punjabi juttis
is that it has become a
ceremonial footwear along
with long Achkan and
churidaar payjama.. The
younger generation wears
the designer juttis that is
specifically made to order as
per their choice of leather,
t h r e a d s , c o l o u r -
combinations. Besides
designer juttis, the
traditional sober colour with
sober work are also still
popular.
Different kinds of leather are
being used to make these
juttis, mainly being cow,
goat, sheep, and camel. The
leather of cow is the softest
one being used in these juttis
and camel being the hardest.
The price of these juttis also
differs according to leather
used.
The basic material i.e leather
is obtained from Jalandhar,
Malerkotla for
manufacturing these Punjabi
Juttis in and around Patiala.
The thread, beads, sequins ,
mirrors and other accessories
are obtained from outskirts of
Patiala which is actually a hub
of these items. Incidentally
the same thread is being
used in PHULKARI the most
popular embroidery of
Punjab. Other items like cloth
for embroidery, PVC Sole,

special pasting material,
mould etc are locally
available.
The price ranges from
Rs150 per pair to Rs3000
per pair and in certain cases
beyond Rs3000 if some
special work is done on
order. Normal range is
Rs250-Rs400 being used in
daily wear by most of the
people belonging to middle
class families.
Manual Creations
One specialty of Punjabi
juttis is that the entire work
is done by hand and no
machine is being used.
While talking to one jutti
maker (Raju jutti Store) in
Patiala it was told that to
make one single jutti, it
requires about 5-6 hours
approximately and above
all the whole work done on
it is hand work. However
another jutti maker of
Patiala was of opinion, that
one experienced craftsman
can make even upto ten
juttis in one day. It was not
a surprise to be told that
these juttis are being
displayed almost all over
the country in various
exhibitions, melas etc. And
also, these are being
exported to countries like
U.S.A, Canada, Germany,
England.
Talking to some of the jutti
makers of Patiala during
visit to their kaar-khanas
( f a c t o r i e s ) a n d
showrooms/outlets, jutti
makers, it was revealed
that they were facing
certain problems. Some of
the major problems pointed
out by the Punjabi jutti
walas were that they were
not receiving any support
from the government in any
form; tax has been
imposed; no incentive for
the participation in
e x h i b i t i o n s ; n o
“promotional council” type
body; no patronage from
departments of handlooms
and handicrafts; high level
of competition; lack of
skilled and trained workers;
people are shifting to more
lucrative occupations.
It was heartening to know
that the demand for Punjabi
Juttis is on increase.
However, more people are
not coming into this
business mainly because
there are no promotional
activities to popularize it on
large scale. Therefore its
production is on limited
scale with limited families
who are doing it
traditionally for
generations.
For the present the demand
is on increase and the
traditional makers are still
in their place. But as and
when more lucrative
alternatives are available
there is a danger that this
art of Punjabi juttis may
shrink if not get extinct.
25
CMA eMag
Jatinder Vijh in PRCI Hall of Fame
Mr. Jatinder Vijh, Dy. General Manager
(PR) of HMT's Tractor Business Group
has been inducted into the Hall of Fame
of Public Relations Council of India
(PRCI) for his contribution in promoting
professionalism in Public Relations over
the years.
The award was conferred on him at the
4th Global PR Summit held in New Delhi
last Saturday by Mr. Mani Shankar
Aiyer, MP. The summit was attended by
around 200 delegates from the country
and abroad on the theme “Emerging
avenues in Specialized
Communication”.
Mr Vijh is also Executive committee
member of Chandigarh Management
Association.
Golden Triangle National Award for
Mr. Charanjit Singh
Global Forum for Public Relations
announces that Mr Charanjit Singh, past
president of CMA has been conferred
Golden Triangle National Award this year
at 'National Public Relations Day
Celebration' on 21st April 2010 at
FAPCCI, Red Hills, Hyderabad.. Global
Forum for Public Relations and the
Hyderabad Chapters of PRSI are
organised a talk as part of 'National
Public Relations Day Celebration'.
His Excellency, Mr Cornelis M. Keur, US
Consul General in Hyderabad was the
chief guest of the program and
presented the following awards: (1)
GFPR's Golden Triangle National Award
for 2009-10 and (2) PRSI's Dr CVNR
Best PR Manager of the year Award for
2009-10.
 CMA eMag

Events-2010

HR Conclave

A HR conclave was organised jointly by CMA & ITFT Education

Group On Saturday, 1st May, 2010 at 4.00 p.m. at ITFT Campus,
PGI-Mullanpur-Majri Road

The conclave brought many Corporate HR Managers from Baddi,

Barotiwala, Nalagarh, Parwanoo and various other industrial
townships on a common platform and deliberated on placement
of youth, especially BPL youth in various industries and economic
activities, particularly in Himachal Pradesh, as also discussed the
emerging trends in Human Resource Management

CMA Supported Blood Donation Camp

Chandigarh Mayor Ms. Anu Chatrath inaugurated
CMA supported blood donation camp, organised and
managed by Continental Group of Institutes, concluded
here today at Sector-17, next to Neelam Theatre.
Chandigarh Mayor, Ms. Anu Chatrath inaugurated the
camp. She said that after the renovation of sector-17
plaza, this is the first permission to hold camp at the
premises. She congratulated Continental Group of
Institutes for organising this camp. She also thanked Lions
Club and Chandigarh Management Association for
supporting this cause.
Over 600 young persons, girls and boys of various
institutes donated blood on the occasion. PGI team was in
attendance to collect the blood. The occasion was marked
with enthusiasm, since many shoppers at sector-17
became instant blood donors and many of them were first
timers and lined up to donate the blood.

Remember, your blood donation can save many lives.

96% of us rely on the other 4% to give blood. Please don't leave it to someone else.

26
 Edited by : JN Vohra, Secretary General, CMA
Plot No. 5, C/o Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan, Sector 27, Chandigarh
Mobile : 9814556072
E-mail : cma.chd@gmail.com