Consonants

Labial Dental Palatal Velar Glottal

Voiceless *p *t *c *k *q
Stops

Voiced B d
Spirants

Voiceless (f) s
Nasal *m *n *ñ *ŋ
Continuants

Semivocali
c *w *y
Lateral *l
Trilled r
*Occur both initially and finally.

Consonant Clusters
C1 C2 C3
p t c k q b D m n ñ ŋ w y l r s h th kh
p * * * * * * * * * * * * *
t * * * * * * * * * * * *
c * * * * * * * * * * * *
k * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
s * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
q *
m * * * * * * * * * *
l * * * * * * * * *
 Consonants
Group No. Symbol Name Values
Before First in
Vowel
Cluster Final
Velars 1  kɑɑ k k k

2  khɑɑ kh k k

3  k‫ככ‬ k k k

4 kh‫ככ‬ kh k k

5 ŋ‫ככ‬ ŋ - ŋ
Palatals 6  cɑɑ c c c

7  chɑɑ ch c -

8  c‫ככ‬ c c c

9 ch‫ככ‬ ch c -

10 ñ‫(ככ‬ɲ) ñ - ñ
Retroflex 11  dɑɑ d d t
(
12 ) thɑɑ th t t

13  d‫ככ‬ d - t

14  th‫ככ‬ th - t

15 nɑɑ n n n
Dentals 16  tɑɑ t t t

17  thɑɑ th t t
 18  t‫ככ‬ t t t

19 th‫ככ‬ th t t

20 n‫ככ‬ n - n
Labials 21  bɑɑ b p p

22  phɑɑ ph p p

23  p‫ככ‬ p p p

24 ph‫ככ‬ ph p p

25 m‫ככ‬ m m m
Misc. 26  y‫ככ‬ y - y

27  r‫ככ‬ r - θ

28  l‫ככ‬ l l l

29 w‫ככ‬ w - w

30  sɑɑ s S h

31 hɑɑ h θ -

32 lɑɑ l - -

33 qɑɑ q q -

Vowels
Value
Symbol Name 1st 2nd
Series Series
 1.  sraq qɑɑ ɑɑ ‫ככ‬

2.  sraq qaa aa iə

3.  sraq qeq e i

4.  sraq qəy əy ii

5.  sraq qəq ə ɨ

6.  sraq qəɨ əɨ ɨɨ

7.  sraq qoq o u

8.  sraq qou ou uu

9.  sraq quə uə uə

10.  sraq qaə aə əə

11.  sraq qɨə ɨə ɨə

12.  sraq qiə iə iə

13.  sraq qei ei ee

14.  sraq qae ae ɛɛ

15.  sraq qay ay ɨy

16.  sraq qao ao Oo

17.   sraq qaw aw ɨw

18.   sraq qom om Um

19.  sraq qɑm ɑm Um

20.   sraq qam am oəm

21.  sraq qah ah eəh

Short Vowels Short Dipthongs

Front Central Back
 High i ɨ u u^ə

Mid e ə o e^ə o^e

Lower Mid ɛ a ‫כ‬

Low ɑ