United Nations (UN), international organization of countries created to

promote world peace and cooperation. The UN was founded after World War II ended
in 1945. Its mission is to maintain world peace, develop good relations between
countries, promote cooperation in solving the world’s problems, and encourage
respect for human rights.

The UN is an organization of countries that agree to cooperate with one another. It

brings together countries that are rich and poor, large and small, and have different
social and political systems. Member nations pledge to settle their disputes
peacefully, to refrain from using force or the threat of force against other countries,
and to refuse help to any country that opposes UN actions.

UN membership is open to any country willing to further the UN mission and abide by
its rules. Each country, no matter how large or small, has an equal voice and vote.
Each country is also expected to pay dues to support the UN. As of 2007 the UN had
192 members, including nearly every country in the world.

The UN’s influence in world affairs has fluctuated over the years, but the organization
gained new prominence beginning in the 1990s. It was awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 2001. Still, the UN faces constant challenges. It must continually secure the
cooperation of its member nations because the organization has little independent
power or authority. But getting that support is not always easy. Many nations are
reluctant to defer their own authority and follow the dictates of the UN.