Professional Documents
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ECONOMICS
CLASS:- SY {B.M.S}
ROLL NO:-
SUBJECT:-STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
IndianOil operates the largest and the widest network of fuel stations in the
country, numbering about 17606 (15557 regular ROs & 2049 Kissan Sewa Kendra).
It has also started Auto LPG Dispensing Stations (ALDS). It
supplies Indane cooking gas to over 47.5 million households through a network of
4,990 Indian distributors. In addition, IndianOil's Research and Development
Center (R&D) at Faridabad supports, develops and provides the necessary
technology solutions to the operating divisions of the corporation and its
customers within the country and abroad. Subsequently, IndianOil Technologies
Limited - a wholly owned subsidiary, was set up in 2003, with a vision to market the
technologies developed at IndianOil's Research and Development Center. It has
been modeled on the R&D marketing arms of Royal Dutch Shell and British
Petroleum.
PROFILE
Reach and Network
IndianOil and its subsidiary (CPCL) account for over 48% petroleum products
market share, 34% national refining capacity and 71% downstream sector pipelines
capacity in India.
With a steady aim of maintaining its position as a market leader and providing best
quality products and services, IndianOil is currently investing Rs. 47,000 crore in a
host of projects for augmentation of refining and pipelines capacities, expansion of
marketing infrastructure and product quality upgradation.
Telephone: (91) 11 436-2896
Fax: (91) 11 436-4602
http://www.iocl.com
Statistics:
Public Company
Incorporated: 1964
Employees: 32,266
Sales: Rs 113.32 billion ($24.2 billion) (2001)
Stock Exchanges: Mumbai
Ticker Symbol: 530965
NAIC: 324110 Petroleum Refineries
Company Perspectives:
We strive be a major diversified, transnational, integrated energy company, with
national leadership and a strong environmental conscience, playing a national role in
oil security and public distribution.
Key Dates:
1948: India's government passes the Industrial Policy Resolution, which states
that its oil industry should be state-owned and operated.
1958: The government forms its own refinery company, Indian Refineries Ltd.
1959: Indian Oil Company is founded as a statutory body to supply oil products to
Indian state enterprise.
1964: Indian Refineries and Indian Oil Company merge to form the Indian Oil
Corporation.
1976: The Burmah-Shell and the Caltex refineries are nationalized.
1981: Half of India's 12 refineries are operated by Indian Oil.
1998: The company's seventh refinery is commissioned at Panipat.
2002: The Indian petroleum industry is deregulated.
Company History:
The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. operates as the largest company in India in terms
of turnover and is the only Indian company to rank in the Fortune "Global 500"
listing. The oil concern is administratively controlled by India's Ministry of
Petroleum and Natural Gas, a government entity that owns just over 90 percent of
the firm. Since 1959, this refining, marketing, and international trading company
served the Indian state with the important task of reducing India's dependence on
foreign oil and thus conserving valuable foreign exchange. That changed in April
2002, however, when the Indian government deregulated its petroleum industry
and ended Indian Oil's monopoly on crude oil imports. The firm owns and operates
seven of the 17 refineries in India, controlling nearly 40 percent of the country's
refining capacity.
Origins
Indian Oil owes its origins to the Indian government's conflicts with foreign-owned
oil companies in the period immediately following India's independence in 1947. The
leaders of the newly independent state found that much of the country's oil
industry was effectively in the hands of a private monopoly led by a combination of
British-owned oil companies Burmah and Shell and U.S. companies Standard-Vacuum
and Caltex.
An indigenous Indian industry barely existed. During the 1930s, a small number of
Indian oil traders had managed to trade outside the international cartel. They
imported motor spirit, diesel, and kerosene, mainly from the Soviet Union, at less
than world market prices. Supplies were irregular, and they lacked marketing
networks that could effectively compete with the multinationals.
Burmah-Shell entered into price wars against these independents, causing protests
in the national press, which demanded government-set minimum and maximum
prices for kerosene--a basic cooking and lighting requirement for India's people--
and motor spirit. No action was taken, but some of the independents managed to
survive until World War II, when they were taken over by the colonial government
for wartime purposes.
During the war, the supply of petroleum products in India was regulated by a
committee in London. Within India, a committee under the chairmanship of the
general manager of Burmah-Shell and composed of oil company representatives
pooled the supply and worked out a set price. Prices were regulated by the
government, and the government coordinated the supply of oil in accordance with
defense policy.
The Indian Oil Industry Evolves: Late 1940s-60s
Wartime rationing lasted until 1950, and a shortage of oil products continued until
well after independence. The government's 1948 Industrial Policy Resolution
declared the oil industry to be an area of the economy that should be reserved for
state ownership and control, stipulating that all new units should be government-
owned unless specifically authorized. India remained effectively tied to a colonial
supply system, however. Oil could only be afforded if imported from a country in
the sterling area rather than from countries where it had to be paid for in dollars.
In 1949, India asked the oil companies of Britain and the United States to offer
advice on a refinery project to make the country more self-sufficient in oil. The
joint technical committee advised against the project and said it could only be run
at a considerable loss.
The oil companies were prepared to consider building two refineries, but only if
these refineries were allowed to sell products at a price ten percent above world
parity price. The government refused, but within two years an event in the Persian
Gulf caused the companies to change their minds and build the refineries. The
companies had lost their huge refinery at Abadan in Iran to Prime Minister
Mussadegh's nationalization decree and were unable to supply India's petroleum
needs from a sterling-area country. With the severe foreign exchange problems
created, the foreign companies feared new Iranian competition within India. Even
more important, the government began to discuss setting up a refinery by itself.
Between 1954 and 1957, two refineries were built by Burmah-Shell and Standard-
Vacuum at Bombay, and another was built at Vizagapatnam by Caltex. During the
same period the companies found themselves in increasing conflict with the
government.
MISSION
3.1
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANCY FOR WORLD BANK
Sector profile for Sugar and Distilleries Industries in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil
Naidu.
3.2
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANCY FOR CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL
BOARD
River Basin Reports for Krishna, Sabarmati and Brahmani-Baitarani Basins
Bulk Drugs
1. Lupin Laboratories Ltd., Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh (1990 and also for 1993,
1996, 1999 and 2001 Expansions)
2. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Mohali, Punjab
3. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Toansa, Punjab
4. Vitalife Laboratories, Pathreri, Haryana
5. Panacea Biotec Ltd., Lalru, Punjab
6. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh (Fermentation Plant
Expansion).
7. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Toansa, Punjab (Proposed Diversification)
8. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Mohali, Punjab (Proposed New Plant)
9. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh (New Formulation
Plant)
10. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Lalru, Punjab (New Bulk Drugs Plant)
11. Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh (Fermentation Plant
Expansion)
Cement
1. Zuari Agro-Chemicals Ltd., Mandalgarh, Rajasthan
2. Udaipur Cement Works, Udaipur, Rajasthan
3. Raymond Cement Works, Bilaspur, Madhya Pradesh
4.Associated Cement Co. Ltd., Lakheri, Rajasthan
5.J.K. Cement Works, Nimbahera, Rajasthan
6.Diamond Cement Works, Damoh, Madhya Pradesh
7.Cement Corporation of India, Bokajan, Assam and Cement Grinding Units in
Tripura and Mizoram
8.Tata Iron and Steel Company Ltd., Sonadih, Madhya Pradesh and Jojobera, Bihar
9.Lakshmi Cement, Sirohi, Rajasthan
Chlor-Alkali
1.Hukum Chand Jute and Industries Ltd., Amlai, Madhya Pradesh
2. Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Ltd., Renukoot, Uttar Pradesh
Fertilizer
1.Aravali Fertilizers Ltd., Sawai Madhopur, Rajasthan
2.Tata Chemicals Ltd., Babrala, Uttar Pradesh
3.Indian Explosives Ltd., Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
4.Sarda Fertilizers Ltd., Bishnupur, West Bengal
Foundry
1.Shriram Piston and Rings Ltd., Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
2.Ranjeev Alloys Ltd., Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
3. Maruti Udyog Ltd., Manesar, Haryana
4.Suzuki Powertrain India Ltd., Manesar, Haryana
5. Maruti Udyog Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana
3.3
EIA/EMP STUDIES FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
1.Maruti Udyog Ltd., Corporate Office Complex, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi
2.Jasmine Projects Pvt. Ltd. (A Bharti Enterprise), Corporate Office Complex,
Vasant Kunj,New Delhi
3.4
SAFETY STUDIES
1.Lupin Laboratories Ltd., Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh (1996 and 1999)
2.I.B.P. Company Ltd., Manesar, Haryana
3.Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Haldia Refinery, Haldia, West Bengal
4.Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Barauni Refinery, Barauni, Bihar
5.National Engineering Industries Ltd., Jaipur, Rajasthan
6.HPM Industries Ltd., Alwar, Rajasthan
7.Rajasthan Breweries Ltd., Shahjahanpur, Distt. Alwar, Rajasthan
8.Tata Chemicals Ltd., Babarala, Distt. Badaun, U.P.
9.Oil India Safety Directorate, Govt. of India, New Delhi
10.Bharat Explosives Ltd., Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh
11.GFL Power Ltd., Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh
12.Vitalife Laboratories Ltd., Pathreri, Haryana
13.Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Paonta Sahib, H.P.
14.Panacea Biotec Ltd., Lalru, Distt. Patiala, Punjab
15. Lupin Ltd., Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh (Proposed Expansion)
16.Maruti Udyog Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana
17.Asian Paints (I) Ltd., Kasna, Uttar Pradesh
18.Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd., Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh (Fermentation
Plant
Expansion)
19.National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd., Simhadri, Andhra Pradesh
20.Jubilant Enpro Pvt. Ltd., Block CB-ONN-2002/2,
Mahesana/Ahmedabad, Gujarat
21.Enpro Finance Pvt. Ltd., Block CY-ONN-2002/1, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu
22.Enpro Finance Pvt. Ltd., Block AA-ONN-2002/1, Tripura
3.6
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT
1.Lupin Laboratories Ltd., Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh
2.Udaipur Cement Works, Udaipur, Rajasthan
3.Bharat Explosives Ltd., Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh
4.STP Ltd., Kosikalan, Uttar Pradesh
5.Heinz India Pvt. Ltd., Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh
6.Crop Health Products Ltd., Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
7.Hamdard (Wakf) Laboratories, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
8.Hindustan Lever Ltd., Etah, Uttar Pradesh
9.Carrier Aircon Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana
10.Uppal Steel & Alloys (P) Ltd., Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh
11.Delphi Automotive Systems Ltd., Noida, Uttar Pradesh (2000, 2001 and 2002)
12.Henkel Teroson India Ltd., Gurgaon, Haryana
13. Suzuki Powertrain India Ltd., Manesar, Gurgaon, Haryana
Threats : - since the company is the market leader in the field , so have
maximum threats
from the other players and many other issues. The lists of threats are given below.
•
The foreign players with more advanced technology are the biggest treat
for the company.
•
The crude oil supply is also a big issue in front of the company, because
the company cannot fix its price and so, some time had operate in loss
also. it is the biggest problem because the maximum part of their crude is
been imported.
•
In future the market will welcome more private players, which will eat up
its market share.
•
If the Govt. Policies allow the private players to set their own price, the the
private player can seriously harm the market share of IOCL.
Internal
environment
Strengths
IOC controls 10 refineries, by virtue of which it has a total share of around 40%
ofIndia’s overall refining capacity. IOC has also acquired equity stakes in CPCL
andBRPL, and in 2001, these refineries became subsidiaries of IOC.
•
58% of IOC’s refining capacity is located in the Northern and Western regions,
which
are high demand and high growth areas.
•
Although its refineries are located the interior of the country, and not near the
majorports IOC has a very strong distribution network by virtue of having a share
of 48% inthe country’s product pipelines. The total capacity of these product
pipelines is 49.79 MMT.
•
IOC also acquired management control of the marketing company IBP,
therebystrengthening its position in these activities. It also has a dominant share
in allsegments in terms marketing infrastructure. Its network includes 19830 retail
outlets,8000 LPG distributors, and 6492 kerosene/LDO dealers.
•
By virtue of entering into extensive joint venture agreements, and of its own
initiativeas well, the company has a presence in various other related activities
such aspetroleum storage, pipelines, lube additives, exploration, petrochemicals,
gas, trainingand consultancy, etc.
•
The company has already entered overseas markets such as Sri Lanka, Maldives,
andOman and is presently considering entering Turkey through a JV. The company
is intalks with Caliak of Turkey to set up a 10 million TPA grassroot refinery with
aninvestment of $2 billion and establish retail business. IOC is also weighing
thepossibility of entering Indonesia.
IOC has also started exploring the overseas markets for increasing its scope of
operations. Itsinterests include downstream activities in Sri Lanka, Maldives,
Oman, and Nepal; interest inthe lubes business in Maldives, Dubai, Bangladesh, Sri
Lanka, etc; among others.