TO MEET AUTOMOTIVE POWER NEEDS

 Two electrodes, or
plates separated by a
dielectric
 Capacitor’s energy

stored in electric field

A
C =ε
d
• Double-layer technology

• Electrodes: Activated carbon (carbon cloth, carbon black,

particulate from SiC )

• Electrolyte: KOH, organic solutions, sulfuric acid

 Non uniform porosity:
Multiple time constant
Much of the surface area is not utilized
Limited ion mobility

 Limited conductivity due to amorphous nature of activated carbon

 Bonding limitation due to

Electrode junction has high resistance
Carbon Nanotube Enhanced
Ultracapacitor
 Electrode structure of vetrically
aligned carbon nanotubes

* Paintbrush structure

High tube density:10 *12 - 10*13 CNT/cm

Tube spacing: 5 -10 n

Tube diameter: 2 -5 n

Tubes length: 120 -300 μm

 Energy storage device with excellent power
capabilities ,high reliability
 Long life -1 million charging cycles
 High capacitance –about 3000F
 No chemical reaction
 Improved safety
 Enhance efficiency
 Optimize system size and cost
 Primary power system – continuous demand
Secondary power system-- peak power demand

 Batteries have difficulty functioning

in cold weather
 Limited life cycle results in replacements
 Limited in their ability to capture and

provide bursts of high power

 Hence less efficient
 Function well in cold weather, down to –
40C, batteries do not operate well below 0C
 Long lifetime -1 million cycles ,

maintenance free
 more efficient than batteries( 84-95% ),

batteries (70 %)
 Environmentally friendly (No heavy metals)
 Up to ten times the power of batteries to

boost the acceleration of a vehicle.

 Regenerative braking systems for hybrid vehicles and
electric rail
 Battery free backup power systems
 Provide backup power for the memory used in
microcomputers and cell phone
 Distributed power for vehicle systems
 Electric power grid
 Wind power and solar power
 Air-conditioning
 Provide safety when a car has electrically

actuated brakes or door locks and the

wiring fails because of a defect or an
accident
 Power lock
QUESTIONS ?