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M. A. Nuhman

Dept. of Tamil, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

with the author

August 1999

Readers' Association,

139, Zahira College Road, Kalmunai -7, Sri Lanka. Unie Arts (Pvt) Ltd.,

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6T6M.i~ lurJ®W JL~till'b1lfuillJtill'6U6O>5U. M 611 jIDJ.i~ IlJ (J 60> JJ ILf W b1 ~rf' 1lJ(J !hl. !b(J(B 1lJ(J6lJ®.i~w b11f(J!h~w.

@6l!l6lJ, 6T 6lJT 8;ti!l11ff (!§llJ, ~6lJf!l/8;tfll11ff6mfT/lfllJ, jb fflp 111 tr 6JJ (!§ 8;@llJ 6T m 11 ~!D ffi rr 6\J 11 ~u51Wl6iJ 41im"ri"6lJ~6iJ6l!l6\J.

@!hl, FJ·If6U, JLJJ6U,

rn!h!hl' 9m}JJJ, <&(B,

(2) 6lJ6iJ6Ulm QLDwffi6lft6iJ ai, 5-, {h, u ~ffilw !Jjrr6irr@w 12 !!LuSlri"ffi~L@lJw ~B'ri"Ji;~ QB'rr6iJ~ffi@ !!:p~6Ul6iJ 6lJ(,!9w. ~fbfffT5mJTllJ;-

[J, - [J,L6U, [J,(J[J,w, Iilorf', &6O>JJ, ~u5'6U, Ifu.(jj, b1[J,(B, (g[J,(B, IID[J" t;![J,(J(B, (g[J,(Juw, b1[J,6TJrf'

If - 1fj,~W, 1f(J}JJJ, 1i'1ID5U, !5lf, 1Jr1ID6lJ, ~(B,

t;!lftill', (g1f6lJ6U, IIDlf6lJW, t;!1f(J6U, (g1f(J}JJJ b11f6TJ.iIilUJw ~ - ~60>5U, ~(Jui, !JIIDJJ, !b6O>1D, !hlu5'6U, !M!hl,

t;!~riJ~, (g~(B, IID~IlJ6U, b1~(J!#6U, (g~(JtiLf, t;!~6TJ6l16U «(g[J,(B) U - u(B, u(Jrr, U'IID!1!' U6O>L, Lf!hl6O>1D, lJ,u5',

b1uoo, (gu(B, IIDUllJm, t;!U(J}JJJ6O>ID, (gu(J!hlw, b1u6TJrrmru5'

@~6lJ6l!l1T ~!Jjrrffiffilw~6iJ @(,!9Ji;~ !!LuSllT6TfQu6l!lL,~!D!D6TfQU6l!lL, LDffilTffi @lJ)JffiffiW, ~w~ffi @lJ)JffiffiW, @!D!DlW6UlffiITW ~urr6irr!D ~6UlI1~rfl4ffi6ir ~!Dffirr6\J11 ~u51Wl6iJ Qurr ~ 6lJ!:jlffiffil6iJ @6iJ6l!l6\J 6T6irrU6l!l~ ~!DlW6\JrrLD.

t5l6irr6lJ(,!96lJm6lJ!DIJ)J6ir !!LffiITLD @~W®6l5lI1~w, @~W @6l5lwrr~LD

!!L6B'rflffiffiuU(b)w QB'rr!Dffi6m6Tf @mrfuffimr(b) ~6lJIJ)JU(b)I1~ffi.

~!Dffirr6\J11~6iJ ~u51WB' GlB'rr!iJa;6lft6iJ Q~6Tf QB'rr6iJ !!:p~6I5l6iJ 6ll(!96lJ~6iJ6m6\J. ~u51Wl6iJ ffi6\JJi;~6ir6Tf ~1T4 !!:p~6Ulw t5l!DQLDrrWl6 QB'rr!Dffi6lft6iJ Q~6Tf QLDrrWl !!:p~6Ul6iJ 6lJ(,!9ffil6irr!D~ Q~6Tft5ffi, Q~6Tfurr ......•..

(3) QLD6iJ6Ulm 6T@I1~ffiffi6lft6iJ !Ii, lD ~.$lu @lTmr(b)w 12 !!LuSlri"ffi~L@lJw ~B'ri"Ji;~ QB'rr6iJ~ffi@ !!:p~6I5l6iJ 6lJ(,!9w. ~fbfffT5mJTllJ;-

!!Lmr6mLD, @iuSl6iJ, 4~6mLD, @(,!9LD6iJ, ~~6lJ6iJ, ffi@@, ~~, !!L~, 6Tmr~, ffi~6lj, @(,!9, ~6irrIJ)J, @(,!9, 6T@~, 4!:jlffiffiW, !!:pL6mL, @(,!9L6irr, 6T(,!96mLD, ffilCbl@, ®Cbl®Cblu6mu, ffilCblffilCblffiffi, @~@~, ffil~ffil~, !!LIJ)J~, @IJ)J~, !!L@6lJrr6irr, 6l5l@6lJrr6irr, !!L@~,

,22

23

ffI - fflliir!l1J' fflrrliir, Jijruw, ib, !M6M', !M5U,

t;1ff15U, Gfflj}!l1J, mfflL!!JW, t;1ff1rroo(E, Gfflrrliir4, t;1ff1Iillill' (wrrliir) w - WIillTW, wrrmru, u5'1iir, wliir, @UJ5U, @6IJ)ru,

t;1wliirmw, Gwliirmw, mWUJ5U, t;1wrr!§, GwrriM, t;1WIillIillTW

ffi l1 !b U ,ffi lD ~ffilw 6T@~@ffiffi6lfloilr ~6lTffirnT 6lJrfiliDll1 Ql1rTru6\JrTffiffi~@ru t.6lffi ~rfi!brTffi~6lJ uwoiIru(b)ffiloiIr!D@'

(4) 6lJ, ur, ® ~ffilw QlDwffim 6Tru6\JrT !Lu51rtffi(5L@lJtD ~l1rt,!6@ lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru

6lJ(!96lJ@ruIiDl6\J. 6l6\J 6l6\J !Lu51rt ffi(5LoiIr ~l1rt ,!6~!b 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi.

6lJffilTtD !L, ~, ~, ~ ~ffilwliDl6lJ !b6l5lrt,!6!b !Lu51rtffi(5LoiIr lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!D@. !LtD: 6W.J6iJ, 6lJrTW, 6l5I6Dl6\J, 6ll(b), Qruillru, ~6lJ6Dl6\J, 1iDl6lJWtD, Qrum6lJrTru. ~6lJrn.:..(b) 6ToiIr!D ~rfuffil6\lff Ql1rTru§llJtD (Vote) !b!iJa;rT6\J~@6il6lJwffiffiI6iJ !Lm6lT@.

WffilTtD ~, ~, !L, ~, ~, ~6lT ~ffilw !Lu51rtffi(5LoiIr @1iDl6lrl!T,!6@ lYI!bru

@1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9tD. !LtD: unnssr, uimi, IJ.jffitD, l!:bffitD, ~WrT ffitD, QW6lT6lJffitD

!§ffilTtD, ~ffirTlT~~LoiIr lDL(b)~lD !b!DffirT6\J~ !bt.6l1P1ru lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1!D@. !LtD: !§rTu51.!)JJ, ®rT6\JtD, ®rTUffitD, !§rTffitD

®-oo5l. <§Ul.!)JJ, Q!§rr6ir® ~oiIr!D LIJl~ QiJrr!iJa;6ir @oiIr.!)JJ ~ @6il6m6u

(5) L,!D, IT, 6\J ~ffilw QlDW 6T@~@ffi6ir !bt.6l1P1ru 6lJ,!6~ ~l1rt,!6!b t5l!DQlDrTlPl80 Ql1rT!Dffi6lflru lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. Lffiff!J56NW ;-

fDiJ -

LWUW, LrrH.uj, I1pi9H.iIl, ~1f5U, (EW5U, &UI.J, 6IJ)L, GLrrri' fDH.(t!JI fDrrg,!!Jru, GfDL}GUJrr, 6IJ)fDruri, GfDrrL.(E

iJlfW, iJli'lJ>6fl, iJrrlJ>W, rfrhtlJ>rriJw, ®Ii'

ruL.(E, rurrw4, 6lS'rhtIJ>W, rumru, wrhtill, wrrig,iM, mrururr, t;1rurrg,!!Jri, Grurrri', t;1rulill&IJ>W

ru-

(6)

r£, ~, sru, ~ ~ffilw ffillT,!6!b 6T@~~ffi(5tD !bt.6l!:Plru 6lJ,!6@ ~l1rt,!6!b t5l!DQlDrTlPlff Ql1rT!Dffi6lflru lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. Lffiff!J56NW ;-

6TU -

~lillTrrifJuifJ, ~w6fl!!Jrrri, ~ri'6IJ)1J>, ~ru6lS'H.IJ>L.(E, ~lillTfflrrUJIJ>W 6l¥iJ g, iM, 6l¥rf UJ g, iM

6TUrurrw, 6TUrr.ruifJiJw

wri!!Jrrru, wrurrru, wm, wrr~, 005'wmlf, Gwrru5'GUJrruifJ

w -

(7) rru, fillirr, oiIr, sir, y! ~ffilw QlDW 6T@~@ffim Ql1rTru6Uloilr lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!96lJ@ruIiDl6\J. 6T6!rft@lJtD !b~!btD QUWliDllTff ffiL(b)tD~UrT@ ~1iDl6lJlJ.jtD Ql1rTru (!fl!b6Ulru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. Lffiff!J56NW;- I!LIffilTtD, 6lrl!TffilTtD, ffiffilTtD, 6lTffilTtD !jlffilTtD.

24

!b!DffirT6\J~@ru 6l6\J 6T@~!brT6lTrtffi6ir 6l6\J t5l1T®ffi ,ffirTL(b) ~p5l®rtffi6lfloilr QUWrtffiliDl6lT~ !bt.6ly!uu(b)~@ 6T@@tD ~UrT@ !jlffilT~liDl!b lYI!bru @1iDl6\lu51ru uwoiIru(b)~@ffiloiIr!Dffirt. !Jlrrliir ruH.lJ>rrliir,!§1iir urrru Ifrrg,GiJ 6ToiIruffi !L!brTlT6lrl!Trfuffim.

(8) !bt.6ly!80 Ql1rT!Dffi6lflru !Lu51rtQlDw 6T@~@ffi~6lT Ql1rTru lYI!b6Ulru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. !b6!rft QlDwffim ~ru6lJrT.!)JJ 6lJ(!96lJ@ruIiDl6\J. 6T6!rft@lJtD, t5l!DQlDrTlPlU Quwrtffim 6l6\J6lJ!D1iDl!D 6T@@liDlffiu51ru !b6!rftQlDW 6T@~@ffim QffirTmlYl!b6Ulru 6lJlTffi ffirT6lrl!T6\JrTtD.

!LtD: 6iuUrT6!rftWrT (Spain), 6iuQlTrTffi~~rTtD (Stockhom).

3. 2 ~.!!)JilJti1rn6\) 6T@~~diGir

@.!)JJ@@1iDl6\l 6ToiIru@ ~(!9 6T@~@ Ql1rTru6\JrTffiffi~@ru Ql1rTru6Uloilr @.!)JJ@u51ru @LtDQU.!)JJ6lJIiDl!bffi ®p5lffi®tD.

(1) 1iT,~, ~6lT !b6l5lrt,!6!b 6j"liDlffiW !Lu51rt 6T@~@ffim Ql1rTru6\JrTffiffi~@ru @.!)JJ@ @1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. Lffiff!J56NW ;-

.9J - fflL, IJ>L, fflruru, t;1uri'UJ, uru, li'ru ...

~ - rurr, !!Jrr, ururr, Jijrurr, IJ,rhtlJ>rr ...

@ - UL}, fflL}, 1J>6M', u6M', 46lS', 1iT6lS', fflliiri6' ...

IL -

ib,i£

ILU4, liT!l1Jw4' fflliir!l1J, @1iir!l1J' Urht~ ...

fflrrGIillT, .9JruGIillT, IiTliirGIillT ...

!!J6IJ)ru, wmru, t;1!!JliirmlillT, umlillT, ru6lJ)ru, rumlill .

Gurr, ibGUJrr, UJrrGfJrr, .9Ji6'!bG!!Jrr, .9Ji6'UJrrwGrurr .

o o

6TlJ>iJW u!Jl!b!!JtB!§ww t;1lfrrru @!l1JifJui'ru @LW t;1ufDill'rumru.

~lJ>iJw u!Jl!b!!JtB!§ru t;1ff1rr IiTliirfD t;1lfrrru6lS'ru WL.(Ew t;1lfrrru @!l1JifJID'ru @LW t;1Uj}fDiM·

~lilllJ>rriJw u!Jl!b!!JtB!§ru t;11J>1ill, t;1rulill ~iIlUJ t;1lfrrj}lJ>5Tf'ru WL.(Ew @!l1JifJ

Jij6lJ)ruID'ru @LW t;1uj}fDiM. @Ii- t;1lfrrj}lJ>m (t;1IJ>Iill6lJ, t;1rulill6lJ) IiTIillT ri'j}lJ>rrrug,ifJru ruL}ru wrrj}fDw .9J6IJ)L!b!!JIillT.

~lJ>rrfJw @mLlj t;1lfrrrururrlJ>Gru @!l1JifJ JijmruID'ru @LW t;1U!l1JiIlliirfDiM. &lJ>rrfJw t;1u®wurrww @mLlj t;1lfrrrururrlJ>Gru @!l1JifJ JijmruID'ru @LW

t;1U!l1JiIlliirfDiM·

(2) QlDW 6T@~~ffi6lflru 6m", io, rn ~ffilw e!Jloilr.!)JJ QlDru6Ulffirfuffi(5tD ur, !J, 6\), m, !P ~ffilw ~,!6@ @IiDlLu51ffirruffi(5tD Ql1rTru6\JrTffiffi~@ru @.!)JJ@@1iDl6\lu51ru 6lJ(!9ffi1oi1r!Dffi. Lffiff!J56NW;-

o

o

o

25

om - wom, ID'om, lI>om, bluom .

m- lbfJm, wfJm, blufJm, !Jm .

rr - ufJrr, ibrr, GUfJrr, uui'rr ...

sir- ~w, 6llfJW, WII>W, c9J6lJW ..

W - lbfJW, wmJw, @LW, !BroW ...

W - blww, bllbw, 6lJfJW, lbfJW .

ru - II>fJru, bllffJru, bllbru, 1I>6U .

.!iJ - 6lJfJ.!iJ, m.!iJ, wlil.!iJ, !B1I>.!iJ .

(3) ~ illl Wif Q a: IT !D ffi 61fI6b 6lJ 6b 66lffi GhDlU ffi 6Tr @!l)J ~ @6Ul6UuSl6b 6lJ® 6lJ ~ 6b 6Ul6U. ~!DffilT6U~ ~illlWl6b i5l!DQLDITlPlif Qa:IT!Dffi6Ul6lTllItD, @Llj QUWITffi6Tr, ~L QUWITffi6Ul6lTllItD 6TtYJ~tD ~UIT~ @6Ul6lJllItD @!l)J~ @6Ul6UuSl6b IilLtD QU!l)Jffi1m-!Dffi.

LfbfflJ5l!IJTll; :-

& - r-r'jJfJ&, GUrblbllI>fJ&, GII>& .

L - blroffi'm IiljDfJL; GLID'L .

U - G~fJIfU

Ii - ~rf'Ii, GLfJrrli ...

j, - UfJ &l!ifJ j" GjDfJromufJrr j, Ji> - II>jDJi>, bluuurrW'mJi>

(4) i5l!D QLDITlPlU Quwrrffi6Ul61T~ ~illlWl6b 6TtYJ~tD~UIT~ W' ~, ~, 6iu ~ffi1w ffi11J.ffi~ 6TtYJ~~ffi~tD ~!DffiIT6U~ ~illlWl6b Qa:IT6b @!l)J,t)uSl6b 6lJ®.$lfiirr!Dffi. LfbffIJ5l!IJTll;:-

~- G~fJrr~, WJ~, u5'WjJfJ~ . . . ~ - G~rr~ Lf~' jJGw~ ...

W- !B&lI>fJW,!bf(W . . . ffil - blurrmJfJomuiu, urf'riu, lbmriu ...

o u!:I!.ffi ~illllPl6b ®, .ffi, 6iJ ~ffi1w Qa:IT!Dffi61fl6b @LtD QU!D!Dffi.

Lrfl® (LIJITW~6b)

o J!iffilJtD ~!DffiIT6U~ ~illllPl6b, 1J~6UflffiIT.ffi, 6lll~WffiIT.ffi ~UITfiirr!D Quwrrffi61fl6b @!l)J,t)uSl6b IilLtD QU!l)Jffi1fiirr!D~'

o I1iJffilJtD u!:I!.ffi~illlWl6b Qa:IT6b @!l)J~uSl6b @LtD QU!D6lll6iJ6Ul6U. Q~6irr ffi1!:1!B;ffiIT~W @LU QUWITffi6Tr, ~LQuwrrffi6Ul6lT 6TtYJ~tD~UIT~ ~!DffiIT6U~ ~illllPl6b @!l)J,t)@6Ul6UuSl;;U @LtD QU!l)Jffi1fiirr!D~' L~ITIJ6DDTtD :

3.3 i)6l)LJtil6l)OU 6T@~~d;6lr

Qa:IT6b6UITB;ffi ~,t)6irr~UIT ~ Qa:IT6iJ661m @6UlUt5l6b ~ 6Ufl~~~IT L5l!D

6TtYJ~~ffi~L6irr @6Ul6DDT.ffi~~IT @LtD QU!l)JtD 6TtYJ~~ffi6Tr @6UlL@6Ul6U 6TtYJ~~ffi6Tr 6T6DTUU@tD.

(1) 12 Lu51rr 6TtYJ~~ffi@ltD Qa:IT6iJ @6UlLuSl6b 6lJ®ffi16irr!Dffi. LfbffIJ5l!IJTll;:-

M - wlI>m, c9JlI>row @ --!Brow, 1I>ffi'611

IL - @.I!IW, c9J(jj&~

~ - I!ifJm, 6TrurofJW

Ff - ~~W, ILwffi(jj

IMIJ - Ifu_(jj, 51om~JDl

26

51 - bllJ6U, blu®~w €I - GI!i~6lJ, bllfruG6lJm

m - l!i~ro6lJm, w~mID' 9 bllI>fT&~, blufJJDl~w

& - GUfJ!!Jjw, c9JmGufJ(jj &611 - bl6lI6116lJfJru, bllf6TJII>rf'UlW

(2)11iJ ~6ill~.ffi~ 17 QLDW 51@~!bJffi~t1J Qa:IT6iJ @6UlUt5l6iJ ~6Ufl~!bJ 6lJ®ffi1m!D6DT. LfbfflJ6lJlJTllJ ;-

II> - UII>6U, <!plilru ... If @~If,!BIi' ...
L - ULW,@l4- I!i @1!i.!iJ, Lf!!Jj~W
U - IfUroW, ILUfJUlW JD - c9JJDW, 51JDlWLf
<§ - c9JaJ<§rr, lI>~ro<§rr mJ - wmJw,u65d'
lb &L(jjlbrr, bluJDllbrr W - Ifwrr, lh~w
m- wmw, l!iffi'~w Ul - @Ulru, 6lJ u.f'JDl
jJ - ID'jJru, 51rf' su !Brow, u6l5'
6lJ - c9J 6lJ m, II>ID' 6TJ - ~611W, 6lI~611
!D - u!Dw, ID'@
3.3.1 ~m LJtil6l)6l) GlIDuJIDUJd;diW ~LDW 6T @~!bJffi6Tr @IJL,¥-~!bJ ~6iJ6U!bJ L5l!D QLDwffi@lLm- @6Ul6DDT.ffi!bJ Qa:IT6iJ @6UlL~6U 6lJ®6lJ6Ul~ @6UlL@6Ul6U QLDWLDWB;ffitD 6Tm!l)J ~illlW @6UB;ffi6DDT ~~rflWIT Bn...!l)J6lJIT. @6UlL@6Ul6U QLDWLDWB;ffitD @1J6iGr@ 6lJ6UlffiUU@t1J.

1. LUirr @6Ul6U QLDWLDWB;ffitD :

2.

§l~1J QLDW @IJL,¥-~@, 6lJ®6lJ~ LLfiirr @6Ul6U QLDWLDWB;ffitD 6Tffiuu@t1J.

Q6lJ6iJ~6lJ!l)J QLDWffi6Tr @6Ul6DDT.ffi!bJ6lJ®6lJ~ ~6lJ!i>!l)J@6Ul6U QLDWLDWB;ffitD 6T6DTUu@tb.

LLGiTJtil6l) so Gl LDuJ LD UJ d;di W

3.3.2

-&&-

-LL-

-UU-

U&II>W, M&lI>fJ 6lJLLW, bll!ifJLl4- c9JUUfJ, l!iuLf

-lili-

uli~IJ, wlilfw uj,!!Jj, blwj,~1!i bl6lJsiJaJ'9Ji>~jD

-j,j,-

-siJsiJ-

-~~-

-~~-

-rblrbI- c9Jrbllhlmw, 51rblIhlmw

-6ffl6ffl- 1!i6ffl6ffl rr, 51 6ffl ~mJ

ID'~<§fJmw, c9J~<§fJmw bllf~bllbaJ, c9J~!BUlm

-ww- c9JWWfJ, !!JjWW6U -mm- wmmm, c9Jm~m

-ww- bl6lJwu.f'ru, bllJWUl -susb- @ru~ro, lbruro

-oitoit- bllJoit~6lI, @oitID'l!iw -sirsfr- c9Jm~, bl6lJW611W

* 6.11J.ffi~ .6T@~~IT6DT m 6l.j~ L5l!D QLDITlPlif Qa:IT!Dffi61fl6iJ Qa:IT6iJ @6UlLuSl6iJ @IJL'¥-fl5~ 6lJ®6.16DTlD!bJ· L~ITIJ6DDTLD:- ~W3f', 6UW6Ul~, u~~.

27

IbLfilW6 Qo!fIT!ilffililfltiU ffi, e, Ib, U IbffiliTJi;1b 14 QLDWffi®LD Qo!fITtiU @rnLlilltiU @jp5lLIl51LL 6l6U t5l!D QLDWffi®L6irr @rn6UUTJi;~ 6lJ®LD.

1.

-LU,- 616llL&W -iiJu,- 61lJfJiiJ&m
-u- &fJLIi' -iiJli - uID'iiJli'
-LU- !hlLUW -iiJu- &iiJq 2. LD, U 6l.ILiiO"r LDwrfu@jLD -wu- .9{wq, !f>wO'

3.

)]i, Ib 6l.IL6irr LDwrfu@jLD -ibj,- !f>ibm!f>, uibM

4.

U, !il, ffi,6, LD ~.$lW6lJ!il!!llL6irr m LDwrfu@jLD

-m-u - .9{m-q, @m-uw -m-iiJ- .9{m-[!lJ, !Dm-aS

-m-u,- !Dm-(!!)! 6Tm&

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2,3,4 ~ffilW6lJ!Dp5l6U BiL!DWLL U6fuLjffi6l!l6lTU QU!lll6lJ~6U6l!l6U.

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5.2 IDrr!DJ!)Ju G'lUlUrTdiGlr

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5.2. 1 eYl~LU GlUlUrTdiGlr

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40

41

(2) (J!iUJ(Yl6lllLW/ 6TlfiJffi@16lllLW) ®l:I!)i;6lll~ffi6lflfiirr 6T~rTffirr6U~6lll~ J!irrUJ~rrfiirr ~rTLDrr6afl6.ffi ~6lJ6lilJr®UJ 6TfiirrWlLD6lllm6l5l ffi6l!llT6lJ6aflLUJ BiL!DJmrr6IT.

2. (Ylm6lfl61ll6lJu GluUJrr

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16 ~®6lllLDuSlru uLDLDrflwrr6lll~ ~6IT6Tf6lJrTffi6lll6TfLljUJ ~)i;~6iu~6.

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3. ULrra;61IldiU GluUJrr

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5.2.2 ey:l61llLU G'lUlUrT ~GUG\)fT1b WfT!D.!9Ju G'lUlUrTdiGTr 1. ULrra;61Ildi~ ~!i>dTL..®U GluUJrr

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2. 6Dlrnrru GluUJrrdi6lr

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6Tfiirr6OT+~6U ~ 6Tfiirr6OT+~~~+~ru ~ 6Tfiirr6OT~~IT6U

6Tfiirr6OT~6ru~, 6Tfiirr6OT~~ITru ~uITfiirrID ~6lJ!D!l)J6ruLD 6J!DID 6lJl9-6lJriuffi6Tr ~UB=ffi~ ~L1i1Wl~6Il~w Qurfl~w 6lJ!:jlriu@jffilfiirrID6OT.

6T6ru6lJ ~6lJ!D!l)J6ruLD !1L®LJ 6J!D@jW~UIT~ ~ I'F!l)JQffiL(jj1, - ~!i>IDJ UITrfl6ruW QU!l)Jw.

6T6ru6lJ+~ ~ 6T6ru6lJ+ ~!D!l)J+~ ~ 6T6lJ!D6ruID

6T6ru6lJ+ ~ru ~ 6T6ru6lJ+ ~!D!l)J+ ~ru ~ 6T6lJ!DIDIT6U

3. 6)]1mrn':"GuwrT ~lJl-wrr.!Jiu Ul~8;@)W G6lIJ!).I lllrrdJJ!).Iu GUWrT.!Ji6lr

6ill6OTITU QUWrTffit,5Lfiirr - ~, - ~6lI~ ~ffilw 6ill@j@ffi6ru6TTB= ~UrTuu~fiirr (yl6llW ~LD~W @® 6lJ6ruffiWIT6OT LDIT!D!l)JU QUWrT ffi6Tr !1L®6lJIT ffiffiUU(jj1ffilfiirrID6OT.

6lJlwrnJ b"luwri' + 8)

WIT6rufT~WIT WIT6rufTWIT6lJ~ WITfTIT6ru6ll~WIT WITfTIT6ru6llWIT6lJ~

~61T6lJU G!uUJrrlJi6lr ~fUJj!Jm6m 1fl6llrT

U6IlrT

~UJrr®m6m WIT~fTIT 6T6lJ~6OTIT 6T6lJ~6TTIT 6T6lJ~fTIT 6T6lJrTffi~6TTIT

~()()()!D1m6m 6T fiirr 6OT~6lJIT 6T~~6lJIT 6T6ru6lJ~WIT

6T ~~6ru6OT~WIT 6T6i.J6lJ6TT~6lJIT

6lJlwrrub"luwri' + ~611!J1

WITfTIT6lJ~ 6Tfiirr6OT6lJIT6lJ~

6T6lJ6OTIT6lJ~ 6T ~6lJIT6lJ~/ 6J ~IT6lJ~

6T6lJfTIT6lJ~

6T 6lJrT ffi6TTIT6lJ ~

6T6ru6lJWIT6lJ~ 6T~~6ru6OTWIT6lJ~ 6T 6i.J6lJ6TT 6lJIT 6lJ~

44

6T 6lJ6ru6OT~WIT

6T 6lJ6ru 60TWIT 6lJ ~ 6T 6lJ6OTIT6ru6ll~WIT

6T 6lJ 60TIT 6ru6llWIT 6lJ ~

U6Il

1fl6ll6lJ!D6ruID 1fl6ll6lJ!DIDIT 6U

45

@6tl6lJIT!!ll QUWrT6 QITfT!iJffi6ro1iTr ~ffiffiUUW6DTU(j)ltD 6lll@j~ffi6ro1iTr c!!)Jth8iU QUlllrT 61fJ@#8im- 6T6DTUrT. ~t1il!:P16il 6TlTfTIiTrLOfT6!fT Lj~W QITfT!iJffi6Tr @6tl6lJfT~!D ~ffiffilffi QffifT6TrliTruu(j)lffil6DT!D6!fT. QUWrT, 6lll6ro6!fT 6T6DT!D tSIrfl6ro6lJ6 ITfTlTfT~ ~6lJ!!ll 6161l ~l¥-6QITfT!iJffi®L@lltD 6lll@j~ffi6Tr ~ITrTlii~ ~ffiffiU QUWrTffi6ro1iTr ~ffiffilffi QffifT6Tr ffil6DT~!DfTtD. jDW(%6Ufflf, QUrf}(%lllfflf, (!Jlrdr(%mnTi; (%W(%6Ufflf, t%(%fjJfTrT ~UfT 6DT!D QUWrT6 QITfT!iJffi6Tr @1ii~6roffiW6!fT. 6T6"Gfl@lltD QU®tDUfT6IlfT6!fT ~ffiffiU QUWITffi6Tr QUWrT ~6il6ll~ 6lll6ro6!fT6 QITfT!iJffi6rft6il @®Jf,~~ ~ffiffiUU(j)lffil6DT!D6!fT. Q6lJ6tl~6lJ!!ll ~ffiffiU QUWrT rul@j~ffi6Tr ~ITITIii~ QUWrT6 QITfT!iJffi6Tr 6T6tl6lJfT!!ll ~ffiffiUU(j)lffil6DT!D6!fT 6T6DTU6ro~ @llil@j ~!1ifTffiffi6llfTtD.

1. bluwti + 5lJ'r!J/j = bluwti"

1. GlullJrr + ~61f1 = GlullJrr

lYl~6il + ~6rft -7 lYl~6IlfT 6rft

Q~fT!:P16il + ~6rft -7 Q~fT!:P161lfT6rft

~!1ifTlU + ~6rft -7 ~!1ifTWfT6rft

2. GlullJrr + ~1lJ~ = GlullJrr

QUfT®6Tr + @w6il-7 Lj6lll + @w6il -7

3. GlullJrr + d'fT6l51 = GlullJrr

Ljlii~ + ITfT6lSl -7 ~Jf,~lTtD + ITfT6lSl -7

ffiL6DT + ~6rft -7 ~6ro!:JlULj + ~6rft -7 rul®Jf,~ + ~6rft -7

QLOfT!:P1 + @w6il -7

QLOw + @w6il -7

~p5l6l.j + @w6il -7

~!D6roLO + ITfT6lSl -7 $~+ffiT6lSl-7

ffiL 6!fTfT 6rft ~6ro!:JlUUfT6rft 6lll®Jf,~fT6rft

QLOfT!:P1uS1w6il QLOwuSlw6il ~p5lrulw6il

~!D6roLOITfT661 ~~rT~LITfT6lSl

ffi6roL + ffifTlT6DT / ffifTrfl -7 ffi6roLffiffifTlT6DT, ffi6roLffiffifTrfl
ffiL6DT + ffifTlT 6DT / ffifTrfl -7 ffiL6DTffifTlT6DT, ffiL6DTffifTrfl
tD6DT+ffifTlT6DT / ffifTrfl -7 tD6DTffifTlT6DT, tD6DTffifTrfl
U61m"tD + ffifTlT6DT / ffifTrfl -7 U61m"ffiffifTlT6DT, U61m"ffiffifTrfl
QffiLl¥- +ffifTlT6DT / ffifTrfl -7 QffiLl¥-ffiffifTlT6DT, QffiLl¥-ffiffifTrfl 5. GlullJrr + ~mLo = GlullJrr lYlLLfT6Tr + ~6!fTtD -7 lYlLLfT6TrIii~6!fTtD ~fT6ro!:Jl + ~6!fTtD -7 ~ffifT6ro~~6!fTtD ~IT(j)l + ~6!fTtD -7 ~ITL(j)lIii~6!fTtD

ffifT6roL + ~6!fTtD -7 LJIii~ffiT6lSl +~6!fTtD -7 Q6lJ p5l + ~ 6!fTtD -7

46

ffifT6roLIii~6!fTtD Lj~ Q6lJ p5l1ii~6!fTtD

6. GlullJrr + ~611W = GlullJrr lYl~6IlfT6rft + ~6lJtD -7 lYl~6IlfT6rftIii~6lJtD ffifT6Il~ + ~6lJtD -7 ffifT6Il~1ii~6lJtD

tSIlTLj + ~6lJtD -7

7. GlullJrr + ~IlJLo = GlullJrr LOfTrTffifiiu + @WtD -7 LOfTrTffi6lwtD Q6Il~6DT + @WtD -7 Q6Il~~WtD

8. GlullJrr + ~61Trn = GlullJrr 6T@Iii~ + ~1iTr6DT -7 6T@Iii~fTliTr6DT

~U6ffi + ~1iTr6DT -7 ~UffITfTliTr6DT

ITLOtD + ~6lJtD -7 ITLOIii~6lJtD

IT~ffifT ~lTtD + ~6lJtD -7 IT~ffifT ~IT lii~tD tSIlTLjIii ~6lJtD

lYl~6IlfT6rft + @WtD -7 lYl~6IlfT6rftWtD Qu6IIirr + @WtD -7 Qu6IIirr61lllflWtD

~!iJ._JTrT6ro6lJ+ ~1iTr6DT-7 ~LO!iJUfTrT6ro6lJWfTliTr6DT ~!D6!fTfTw6l.j + ~1iTr6DT-7 ~!D6!fTfTW6lJfTliTr6DT

@6ro~U~UfT6il @6DT@lltD U6Il ~ffiffiU QUWrT 6lll@j~ffi6Tr ~6TrIiTr6!fT. ~6ro6lJ 6T6tl6lJfT!!ll QUWrT6 QITfT!iJffi®L6DT @6ro61m"Jf,~ ~ffiffiU QUWrTffi6ro1iTr ~®6lJfTffiffiU u(j)lffil6DT!D6!fT 6T6DTU6ro~ ~p5lffi.

2. 5lJ'IDOU + 5lJ'r!J/j = bluwti

1. 6lll~m + .j:i) = GlullJrr

L06IlrT + 661 -7 L06IlrTff61

~~rT + 661 -7 ~~rT661

~61m"rT + 661 -7 ~61m"rT661

2. 6lll~m + i) = GlullJrr

lYlw6il + 61 uuSl6il + 61 tD6Tr + 61

-7 lYlw!iJ6I

-7 uuSI!iJ6I

-7 tDL6I

3. 6lll~m + u4 = GlullJrr

ffi(j)l + uLj Q6lJl¥- + uLj @l¥- + ULj

-7 ffi(j)lULj

-7 Q6lJl¥-uLj

-7 @l¥-uLj

4. 6lll~m + lB = GUllJrr

!&lffirT + 661 Q~fTLrT + ff61 6T@ + ff61

~6Tr+61 ffifT6IIirr + 61 !f;6Tr + 61

!1il¥- + uLj ~6roL + uLj 6T(j)l + uLj

47

!&lffirTff61 Q~fTLrTff61 6T@ff61

-7 ~L6I

-7 ffifTL6I

-7 !f;L6I

-7 !1il¥-ULj

-7 ~6roLULj

-7 6T(j)lULj

5. ~G"Drn + ~tiJ = GUUJrT
~e;6U + ~tD ~ ~e;6IltD ~Wrf + ~tD ~ ~WlJtD
.ffirn- + ~tD ~ .ffi6lTtD ~W+~tD ~ ~YltD
6. ~G"Drn + 6lt = GUUJrT
~Wrf + 6l.j ~ ~Wrf6l.j L5lrfl + 6l.j ~ L5lrfl6l.j
~rrw + 6l.j ~ ~rrW6l.j e;lPl + 6l.j ~ e;lPl6l.j
6Trfl + 6l.j ~ 6Trfl6l.j e;ml + 6l.j ~ e;ml6l.j
7. ~G"Drn + eiiG"Dd> = GUUJrT
~!Dl + 8;me; ~ ~!Dl8;me; @® + 8;6l!le; ~ @®8;me;
6lJrrw + 8; me; ~ 6lJrrW8;me; 6Tlf aorfl +8;me; ~ 6TlfB'lfl8;me;
~(bl + 8;me; ~ ~(bl8;me; u(bl + 8;me; ~ u(bl8;me;
8. ~G"Drn + G"Dd> = GUUJrT
6lJrr + me; ~ 6lJ®me; Qe;rrrn- + me; ~ Qe;rrmme;
~rr + me; ~ ~®me; Qao6U + me; ~ Qao6Ume;
Qaow + me; ~ Qaowme; !!i(bl + me; ~ !!i(bl6m6i
9. ~G"Drn + G"DW = GUUJrT
QurrJ!ll + mID ~ QurrJ!llmID @ml + mID ~ @mlmID
6lJ!ll + mID ~ 6lJ!ll6l!lID Qe;rr(bl + mID ~ Qe;rr(blmID
10. ~G"Drn + w~ = GUUJrT
6TIDJ!ll + ID~ ~ 6TIDJ!llID~ 6lJrr + ID~ ~ 6lJ®ID~
@!D8;@j + ID~ ~ @!D8;@jID~ ~rr + ID~ ~ ~®ID~
Qe;rr(bl + ID~ ~ Qe;rr(blID~ Qao6U + ID~ ~ Qao6UID~
11. ~G"Drn + G"DGU = GUUJrT
~urrrf + m6lJ ~ ~urrrfm6lJ ~e;rrrf + m6lJ ~ ~e;rrrfm6lJ
urrri + m6lJ ~ urrrfm6lJ ~rf + m6lJ ~ ~rf6l!l6lJ
12. ~G"Drn + ~ = GUUJrT
L5l!D + rul ~ L5l!Drul ~e; sir + rul ~ ~e;mrul
e;6U + rul ~ e;6Urul ~!!irr6U + rul ~ ~~rr6Urul
48 13. ~G"Drn + d:CFGU = GUUJrT
6Trfl + 6ao6U ~ 6Trfl6ao6U urrw + 6ao6U ~ urrw6ao6U
lime; + 6ao6U ~ lIme;6ao6U ®w + 6ao6U ~ ®W6ao6U
@jmID + 6ao6U ~ @jmID6ao6U ~m6ll + 6ao6U ~ ~m6ll6ao6U
14. ~G"Drn + ~GU = GUUJrT
Qurrrfl + ~6U ~ Qurrrflw6U e; oom-(bl + ~6U ~ Bioom-L6U
6lJJ!ll + ~6U ~ 6lJW6lJ6U !!i@6l.j + ~6U ~ !!i@6lJ6U
(YlJ!ll@j + ~6U ~ (YlJ!lle;6U @®(Yl + ~6U ~ @®ID6U
15. ~G"Drn + FFlDID!GwtU ~[JL_LlJ-~~GU = GUUJrT
6T@~ ~ 6T@~~ urr(bl ~ urrL(bl
~ue; ~ ~U6Bi ruBi ~ ru6Bi 16. ~G"Drn + FFlDID!GwtU ~[JL_LlJ-~~GU + ~tiJ = GUUJrT
!!irr(bl ~ !!irrLLtD lfJ!ll ~ lfID!DtD
e;,_(bl ~ e;,_LLtD ~(bl ~ ~LLtD
~~(bl ~ ~~LLtD 6lJrr(bl ~ 6lJrrLLtD 17. 6111 G"D rn ~ @)!DlGU G rJi LlJ-6\lrT ~GU = G U UJ rT
QUJ!ll ~ ~uJ!ll ~,¥-u(bl ~ ~,¥-urr(bl
Qe;(bl ~ ~e;(bl rul(blu(bl ~ rul(blurr(bl
u(bl ~ urr(bl @,¥-u(bl ~ @'¥-urr(bl @ru6lJrrw rulm6l!T6QaorrIDe;~L60r ~ci;e;u QUWrf rul@j~e;6l!l6lT6 ~aorfuu~!iOr e!:P6IltD Qu®)i;Q!!irrme;wIT6l!T QUWrfcf QaoITIDe;m ~8;e;uu(blffil!iOr!D6l!T.

rulm6l!T ~,¥-e;6rfl6l5l®)i;~ ~ci;e;uu(bltD QUWrf6 QaoITIDe;m6lTQw6U6IlITtD !!iID~ @6Ilci;e;6l!llT ~61rflwrre;m Q!!irrlPlID Quwrr 6T6l!T 6lJme;uu(bl~~6lJrr. 6Tml@lltD, Qumfl, In(j) ~UIT!iOr!D rulm6l!T ~,¥-e;6rfl6l5l®)i;~ - ~6U ~6U6Il~ - ~~ rul@j~ ~aorr~~ ~ci;e;uu(bltD Qumf!tbfb6V, lnGifb6V, IDIDJ!lltD Qutf!uutpJ, In(j)6]JtpJ ~urr!iOr!D Q~ITlPlID QUWrfe;~8;@jtD, ~~!!i rulm6l!T ~,¥-e;6rfl615l®)i;~ ~ci;e;uu(bltD Qumf!w6iJ, @Gi~urr!iOr!D ~ci;e;u Quwrfe;~ci;@jtD @6Ilci;e;6l!llT ~,¥-uumLLill@l.ltD, QUIT®oom-mID ~,¥-uumLU51~tD ~6lJJ!llUIT(bl ~oom-(bl. QUIT®oom-mID ~,¥-uumLLill6U Qurrrflw6U, ®(bl ~ffilw ~ci;e;u QUWrf e; sir rulm 6l!T u5l!iOr rulm6lT sosu ~6U6Il ~ rulm6l!Tu5l!iOr rulm6lTuwm6l!T 6 BiL(bl6lJ6l!T. Qurrrfl~~6U, Bi(bl!!i6U, QUITrfluu~, e;(bl6lJ~ ~urr!iOr!D Q~rrlPlID Quwrfe;m rulm6l!T.ffile;W~m6llcf BiL(bl6lJ6l!T. @6Il8;e;6l!llT ~,¥-uumLu5l6U ~8;e;u Quwrre;m 6Tm6l!TW Quwrfe;m6lTu ~urr6U QUWlJmLe;m6lT 6TID@jtD.~w: !!>6U5U 61UlTrfW6U, !!>6U5U ~CE

49

~6lITrrru Q~rrlPllD QUWrTffim QUWIf6UlLffi6Ul6Tf 6)"IDffirr.

* !!iru6U Qurrrfl~~6iJ * !!i6iJ6U BiQ)l~6iJ

* !!i6iJ6U Qurrrfluu~ * !!i6iJ6U ffiQ)l6lJ~

U~6Urrffi, Q~rrlPllD QUWrTffim 6l516Ul6llTW6UlLffi6Ul6TfG:W 6)"ID!J)J 6lJ®tD. ~fbfflT6lflfTW:

!bm!DrJiI>U blurJrf'uu!!J1 !bro6U!!J1. !bm!DrJiI>U 1h(B6lJ!!J1 !bro6U!!J1.

~ffiG:6lJ, 6l516Ul6llT ~,¥-WrrffiU t5l!D,!i;~rr@lJtD ~ffiffiU QUWrTffim QUWrTU Q6rrIDffililflfiirr UIiliur6UlUffi Qffirrliliur,¥-®ffiffilfiirr!D6lIT 6Tfiirr!J)JtD, Q~rrlPllD QUWrTffim Qurfl~tD 6l516Ul6llT U Q 6 rr ID ffi Iilflfiirr U Iiliur 6Ul U ffi Q ffi rr Iiliur '¥- ® ffi ffilfiirr !D 6lIT 6T fiirr !J)J th ffiL !D 6U rr tD. ~6iJ6lJ6Ulffiu5l6iJ, 6l516Ul6llTW'¥-WrrffiU t5l!Dffi@tD ~LLW, 6lJffLLW, Q85ff6lJJ6IJ, j56lfJL, UmT6lfJ6lJ, {%Uff8;@, 6lJ1T6lf, IlJJ!lttJ, lj6lflfTff#tf/, {%j5ff8;85ff(bJ, G:urrfiirr!D Q6rrIDffi6Ul6Tf 6T6iJ6UrrtD ~ffiffiU QUWIT essmr ffiffi Qffirrm6Tf6iJ G:6lJIiliurQ)ltD. @6Ul6lJ 6l516Ul6llTW'¥-WrrffiU t5l!D,!i;~rr@lJtD Q~rrlPllD QUWITffim ~6iJ6U.

5.4 c!rn.L...@U GUUJrr

@1f1iliurQ)l ~6iJ6U~ U6U Q6rrIDffi6Ul6Tf @6Ul6lJ1lT~~ ~®6lJrrffiffiuuQ)ltD QUWITU Q6rrIDffim ffiLLQ)lU QUWIT 6T6lITUUQ)ltD.

6lJffQ6lJTff6l5l, ,r.ffff6lf!p#tf/, ~6U6IJff5U UI1J6lflfTW, ufIdr5ffITw 6TfiirrU6lIT ffiLLQ)lU QUWITffim. @6Ul6lJ 6lJrrfiirr + ®6I5l, !bIT + 6llYlu61, ~6iJ6Urr6tD + UW6lJ1ITtD, Uilfiirr + enmb 6T6lIT @1f1iliurQ)l Q6rrIDffim @6Ul6lJ1lT,!i;~ ~®6lJrrffilw ffiLl:'Q)lU QuwrTffi~ffi@ ~~rrIf6lJ1lTITuffi6Tfrr@tD.

U6U856lJJ6IJ8; 85/:p85W ufIdr 5mr Jfl6lJJ6IJI1JW utf L 6lJJ5fo tffl6lJJ6lflfT 8;856TTW

@6Ul6lJ @fiirr!J)J Q6rrIDffi6Tfrr6iJ ~6UlLO,!i;~ ffiLLQ)lU QUWrTffim.

u6iJ + ffi6Ul6U + ffiYlffitD L1ilfiirr + 6rrlftD + @6Ul6UWtD

6T6lIT @6lJID6Ul!DU t5lrfl~~ ~!Dlw6UrrtD.

~IDffirr6U~ ~UillPl6iJ 6lJYlITu@tD QU®tDUrr6Urr6llT ffiLLQ)lU QUWrT ffim @1f1iliurQ)l Q6rrIDffi6Tfrr6iJ ~6UlLO,!i;~6Ul6lJ. ®® ffiLLQ)lU QUWrT @1f1iliurQ)l ~6iJ6U~ @fiirr!J)J Q6rrIDffi6Ul6Tfffi Qffirrliliur,¥-®,!i;~rr@lJtD ~~ ®® Q6rr6iJ6UrrffiG:6U Q6wIDuQ)lffilfiirr!D~. ~~rrIf6mlOrrffi : 85L;D856lJJ1T 6Tfiirr!D Q6rr6iJ6Ul6U 6TQ)l~~ffi Qffirrm6Tf6UrrtD. @~6iJ 85UU, 856lfJ1T ~ffilw @1f1iliurQ)l QuwrTU Q6rrIDffim ~m6Tf6llT. @6lJID6Ul!D~ ~6lrfluQuWIT 6T6lIT6UrrtD. ~6lrfl~~6lrflu QUWIT Q6rrIDffim 6Tfiirr!D 6lJ6Ulffiu5l6iJ ®® QUWIT U Q6rrru~ffi@rflw @6Uffiffi6lJ1lTU uIiliurLlffi6Ul6TfQw6iJ6UrrtD Qffirr6llirr,¥-®ffiffilfiirr!D6lIT. 85L6lJJ6IJ, 85Lrn5l6U, 85LfJ!I8;@, 856lfJIT6lJJ11J, 856lJJlTufl6U, 856lfJIT8;@ 6T6lIT @6Ul6lJ ~6lrfl~~6lrflG:w G:6lJID!J)J6UlLO ~®LI 6)"ID@tD. cW/:P85ff6lJT 85UU, cW/:P85ff6lJT 856lJJ1T 6T6lIT ~6lrfl~~6lrflG:w QUWIf6UlLffi6Ul6Tf 6)"ID@tD. fi/lifb8; 85L6U, fi/lifb8; 856lJJ1T 6T6lIT ~6lrfl~~6lrflG:w ffiLQ)l ~6UlLffi6Ul6Tf 6)"ID@tD.

50

~6lITrr6iJ, 85L6U, 856lJJ1T ~ffilw @® Q6rrIDffi~tD @6Ul6lJ1lT,!i;~ 85L;D856lJJ1T 6Tfiirr!D LI~W Q6rrru6Urrffi ~®6lJrrffilw t5l!D@ ~6Ul6lJ ~6lrfl~~6lrflG:w @wITuffirr. G:6lJID!J)JmLO ~®Llffim @1f6llirrLrr6lJ~ Q6rr6iJ6I5lfiirr @!J)J~u5lG:6UG:W 6lJ®tD. ffiLIDffi6UlIf6UlW, ffiLIDffi6Ullfu5lru, ffiLIDffi6Ullfffi@. QUWIf6UlL, ffiLQ)l ~6UlL 6TfiirrU6lIT tYl~6Urr6lJ~ Q6rr6iJ6I5lfiirr tYlfiirrLl LOLQ)lG:LO 6lJ®tD. ~tD : ~Ylffirr6llT ffiLIDffi6Ullf, @,!i;~ffi ffiLIDffi6Ullf.

ffiLLQ)lU Quwrflfiirr @1f1iliurQ)l ~!J)JULlffi~ffi@tD @6UlLu5l6iJ G:6lJ!J)J ~® Q6rrru6Ul6U

!!irrtD !9J6UlYlffiffi tYl,¥-wrr~.

* iI>Lro .!}l!J}iI>rJ6lIT iI>6lITfJ * iI>Lro @!h!f>1h iI>6lITfJ

* iI>L~6U1h iI>6lITfJ

85LfJ!I8;@8; 856lfJ1T ~611N(bJ, j5ffdr 85Lrn5ldr 856lfJlTufl6U cWllJffli tffl(!5li{%fbdr. ~ffilw 6lJrrffiffilwITuffililfl6iJ ffiLru, ffi6Ul1f 6TfiirrU6lIT ~6lrfl~~6lrflu QUWrTU Q6rrIDffi6Tfrr@tD. ffiLLQ)lU QUWIT ~ru6U. ~6Ul6lJ ®fiirrG:!DrrQ)l ®fiirr!J)J @6Ul6lJ1lT,!i;~ ~G:1f Q6rrilil6Urrffi ~6UlLOw6l51ru6Ul6U.

!brJrhliI>m iI>LJDiI>~fJlhr!!>U (gUrJ(g6llTrJW

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53

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6lJ~m @!D~6U.b - d>~ - @!Dd>~ffiIT6UW g)_61!Mrr~~ffilm!D~

6lJ®.$l!DITm - @ffiWffiIT6UW -ffil!JJl- @ffiWffiIT6UW g)_61!Mrr~~ffil!D~

6lJ®6lJITm 6T~rrffiIT6UW -ru- 6T~rrffiIT6UW g)_61!Mrr~~ffil!D~.

90

G~rflj§lmGU Q)lmm(Y)(D!61m ~mlDu4

Q~Ifl@m6U 6l5lm6UT(Yl!D!JJl @m!JJl ffiL!JJlffim61TB; QffiITdm"If®B;@W.

1. 6l5lm6UTwlf 2. ffiIT6U @mL@m6U 3. ~m61!M, UIT6U,6Tdm", @L6l5l@~. @~m6UTu t5lm6lJ®LDIT!JJl 6l5l61TB;ffi6UITW. ~m~nu'4- + a;fTGU ~mL!6lmGU + ~@jil.

!LfOITfT5m"llJ: &(JjliiWlTm &(Jj6lJlTm & 1q.63T1T m

~ &(Jj + liiJJ)J + ~m

~ &(Jj + ill + ~m

~ &(Jj + @m + ~m

~LD!DffiITLIfW g)_~ITrr61!Mri.Jffi61ft6U ®(bl 6l5lm6UTwlf, -.$l!JJl-, -ru-, -@m- 6Tmu6UT ffiIT6UW ffiITL(blW @mL@m6Uffi6IT, - ~m ~m61!M UIT6U 6T61Iirr @L 6l5l@j~.

Gl~rflj§lmGU Q)lmm (Y)(D.!!).I BifTGUW BifTL._ffi'~Q)

Q~Ifl@m6U 6l5lm6UT (Yl!D!JJl ffiIT6UW ffiITL(blW @mL @m6Uffi6IT @6UW ffiIT6UW ffiITL(bl.$lm!D~. @!Dd>~ ffiIT6UW, @ffiWffiIT6UW, 6T~rrffiIT6UW 6T6UT ffiIT6UW @m!JJl 6lJmffiuu(blw. 6l5lm6UT @ffiW.ffi~ (Yllfd>~m~ g)_61!Mrr~~w 6l5lm6UT @!Dd>~ffiIT6U 6l5lm6UT, 6l5lm6UT @ffiWd>~ QffiITdm"If®uum~ g)_61!Mrr~~w 6l5lm6UT @ffiWffiIT6U 6l5lm6UT, 6l5lm6UT @ffiWU~UIT6lJm~ g)_61!Mrr~~w 6l5lm6UT 6T~rrffiIT6U6l5lm6UT.

!6la;wa;fTGU ~mL!6lmGU

~t1ilW @6UB;ffi61!M !YJT6Uffi6IT -~6lIftm!JJl-, -.$lm!JJl-, -ffil!JJl- ~.$lw @m!JJl @ffiWffiIT6U @mL@m6Uffi6lll61T~ ~®.$lm!D6UT. @6lJ!D!JJl6IT -~6lIftm!JJl- ~!DffiIT6U~~6U 6lJWB;.$l6U @6U6lll6U. -ffil!JJl-, -.$lm!JJl- ~.$lw @rr61lirr(bl @6lllL @6lll6Uffi(5W 6T6U6UIT 6l5l6lll6UTffi(5L@lJW 6lJ®ffilm!D6UT. ~ooop5l6lll61!MU u6U6l5lmuIT6U 6l5l6lll6UTffi61ft6U -.$l6Ur!JJlLDL(blW 6lJ®W ; -.$l!JJl- 6lJ®6lJ~6U6lll6U. !LfOITfT5m"llJ:

-ffilJ!)J - -ffilmJ!)J-
lblTm (gulTlii(gwm (gulTliim(gwm
lblTrhllJ>oIT (gulTlii(gWlTw (gulTliim(gWlTw
(b (gulTliiWlTuJ (gulTliimWlTuJ
(brhllJ>m (g UIT Iii W Ii IJ>m (gulTliimwrilJ>m
.!}l6lJm (gulTliiWlTm (gulTliimWlTm
.!}l6lJm (gUIT liiWlToIT (gulTliimWlTm
<!)l6lJ1i (guITIiiWITIi (gulTliimWITIi
<!)l6lJlilJ>m (gUIT liiW1T1i IJ>m (gulTliimwIT lilJ>oIT
<!)l!bJ (gUIT liiW!bJ (gUIT liimW!bJ
<!)l6lJ)6lJ (gulTliimwm.
91 -ffilWJ-, -ffilmWJ- ~ffilw @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffi6lflm @WJ~ ~ffifTtD Q6rr!DLjlil!DTrT80o!flu5lm ~urr~ Qffi(j)l6lJ~rrffi @6Uffiffilil!DT ~o!flrflWrT 6lSl6ITffi@i6lJrT. ~!Dffirr6U QLDrrWlu5lwfiiJ ~p5l@irTffim- @6lJ!D6"Ol!D FI'!DWJ ~ffifTtD ~!D!D -ffil!D-, -ffilm!D- 6Tm!D 6lJljI.6lJLDrrffi~6lJ Qffirrm-6lJrT. o!fl6U 6lJ6"OlffiWrr6l!T 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffi®Lm @J!;~ @6"OlL@6"Ol6Uffim- ~6®tD~Urr~ @6lJ!Dp5lm lYl~6I5lfiiJ ~m-6IT ffiffifT QLDW @fTL,¥ffiffiffi ffirrlil!DT6UrrtD. !!Lf§fflJ6lJlJTW:

@ru6lJlTWJ 6T ~rT ffiIT6UtD ffiITLL -U-- @6"OlL@6"Ol6U 51!D@tD 6lSl6"Ol6l!T ffi6m6TTQufiiJ6UrrtD ~!Dffirr6U QlDITWlwfiiJ ~p5l®rT ~GmL6lJlGmm (middle verb) 6T6ilTl.rT.

G:2Jrr®il 3

u4-n.lilWflm !!JLn.lilcgwm iJlhfleBli,lilWflm

uqli,lil6~Wflm !I)Ln.lilmGwm iJlhfleBn.lilmwflm

6lJIT, ~IT, 6T @~, Q6W, ~@ C:uITm!D 6lSl6"Ol6l!T ffim- 6T ~rT ffiIT6UtD ffiITLL -ru- 6Tm!D @6"OlL@6"Ol6U6"OlW 51!Dffilrn-!D6l!T. !!Lf§fflJ6lJlJTW'"

~ 6)Jfl+6iJ+~m ~ {!jfl+6iJ+~m

iJlfrU(6)JflW ~ iJlfrU+6iJ+&W

.9{@6)Jflm ~ .9{@+6iJ+~m

~t.6lW @6Uffiffilil!DT ~o!flrflWrT @~6"Ol6l!T 6J!;~ 6TmUrT. ~!Dffirr6U QLDITWlu5lwfiiJ

~p5l@irTffim- @6lJ!D6"Ol!D -ffiffil!D-, -ffiffilm!D-, 6T6l!Tffi Qffirr61ior(j)l @ffiWffirr6U @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffi6lflm LDrr!DWJ 6lJljI.6lJLDrrffiffi Qffirrm-6lJrT.

6T ill'r di rrsu ~ 61J) L!fi161J)6l)

~t.6lW @6Uffiffilil!DT ~fiiJffim- -u- , -ru- ~ffilw @fT61ior(j)l 6T~rTffirr6U @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffi6"Ol6IT!f, ~®ffilrn-!D6l!T. o!fl6U6lJ6"OlffiWrr6l!T 6lSl6"Ol6l!T80 Q6rr!Dffim- 6T~rTffirr6U @6"OlL@6"Ol6UWrrffi -uu- 6Trn-U6"Ol~ 51 !Dffilm!D6l!T. ~ru6lJ6"Olffiu5lfiiJ, 6T~rTffirr6U @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffim- eYJmWJ 6T6~Tffi Qffirrm-6IT C:6lJ61ior(j)ltD. @ffiWffirr6U @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffi6"Ol6ITU C:urrfiiJ, srsiisorr 6lSl6"Ol6l!T80 Q6rr!Dffi®tD @tD eYJmWJ @6"OlL @6"Ol6Uffi6"Ol6ITlljtD 51!DU~fiiJ6"Ol6U. o!fl6U 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffim- -u- @6"OlL @6"Ol6U6"OlWlljtD, o!fl6U 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffim- -uu- @6"OlL@6"Ol6U6"OlWlljtD, o!fl6U 6lSl6"Ol6l!T ffim- -ru- @6"OlL@6"Ol6U6"OlWlljtD 51!Dffilm!D6l!T. @ru6lJ6"Olffiu5lfiiJ ~t.6lW 6lSl6"Ol6l!T 80 Q6rr!Dffi6"Ol6IT eYJm WJ Q~rr@i~ffi6ITrr ffi 6lJ6"Olffiuu(j)l!f,~6UrrtD.

6T@{!iJ6)Jflrj ~ 6T@{!iJ+6iJ+~rj

@ru6lJrrWJ 6T~rTffirr6UtD ffirrLL -ru- @6"OlL@6"Ol6U 51!D@itD 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffi6"Ol6IT 6TfiiJ6UrrtD ~!Dffirr6U QLDrrWlu5lwfiiJ ~p5l®rT GlD6U6lJlGmm (week verb) 6Trn-UrT.

~rn-!Dm urr so, U6U 6lSlrn-urr fiiJ 6lSl6"Ol6l!T lYl!D WJffim- @6"OlL@6lD6U 51!Dffi rrLDfiiJ -~tD 6lSl@i~QU!DWJ 6T~rTffirr6UtD ffirrL(j)lffilrn-!D6l!T. !LfbfflJ6lJlJTtiJ:

.9{ {!iJ 6)J <!9w .9{6f)6)J 6)J <!9w

C:urrC:6lJm, @iljl.uurrrn-, Q6W6lJrrm, ~61iorC:urrtD, urrrTUUITrTffim-, Q6rrfiiJG:6lJm, !!iljl.uurrm, ffi!Durrri- ffim-, C:ffiL C:urn-, ~(j)lULlrT ffim-,

uljl., Qffirr(j)l, urrri, @®, !!iL C:urrrn-!D 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffim- 6T~rTffirr6UtD ffirrLL -uu@6"OlL@6"Ol6U6"OlW 51 !Dffilrn-!D6l!T.

uljl.uurrm ~ uljl.+uu+~m @®uurrm ~ @®+uu+~m

Qffirr(j)luurrrn- ~ Qffirr(j)l+uu+ ~6i1r !!iLuurrm ~ !!iL +uu+ ~m

urrrTuurrm ~ urrrT+uu+~m

@ru6lJrrWJ 6T~rTffirr6UtD ffirrLL -uu- @6lDL@6lD6U 51!D@itD sr siisurr 6lSl6"Ol6l!Tffi6"Ol6lTlljtD ~!Dffirr6U QLDrrWlu5lwfiiJ ~p5l@irT 6l)6U6lJlGmm(strong verb) 6TmUrT.

G~rr®il 2

~t.6lW @6Uffiffilil!DT ~fiiJffim- !f" L, !D, @rn- 6Trn-U6lJ!D6lD!D @!DJ!;!!i ffirr6U @6"OlL @6lD6Uffi6ITrrffiffi BiLWJLD. !LfbfflJ6lJlJTw:

iJlfrU{!jflm ~ iJlfrU+j,+~m

~wrhllil'~f(Jm ~ ~Wrhl®+@m+~m

lL6DrLflm ~ ~6Dr+L.+JM,m

iJlfmWflm ~ iJlfoU+Jb+JM,m

@ruriJ<::!!JIT(j)l-@rn-- @mL@6lD6U @~L(j)l-@-- ~ffi6lJ.b, (!MlifiiJ Qa;l..(j)l-6ir~ffi6l,liJ o!fl!JlJ.fTm6lDlD ~ 6Trn-!JJJD @6Uffiffilil!DT ~6IfuJj- BiL.!!)J6lIT. !L!fITTJ6lJl1T"tiJ:

~61ior, ~m, @fiiJ, C:ffim-, ffirr61ior C:urrm!D 6lSl6"Ol6l!T ffim- 6T ~rT ffirr6UtD ffirrLL -u- 6T rn-!D @6"OlL@6"Ol6U6"OlW 51 !Dffilrn- !D6l!T. !!L f§fflJ6lJlJTW :

~6DrGIJ~T ~ ~_6Dr+lI+6Jm GIhL.GUflW ~ Glhm+u+&W

@6lJ!D6"Ol!D6lSlL u(j)l!f,!!irrrn-, Qffirr(j)l!f,~rrrn-, ~ljI.!f,!!iITrn- C:UITrn-!D 6lSl6lD6l!Tffi6lflfiiJ -~~- 6Tm!D @6lDL@6lD6U 6lJ®ffilrn-!D~. @6lJ!D6lD!D!f, !!it.6lW @6Uffiffilil!DT ~o!flrflWrT t51rn-6lJ®LDIT WJ t51rflUUrT :

{£mGlJm ~- {fi~,+,i+~~r

rGi)'j(Jm -(- !BoU+u+~,ir

u(j)l!f,~ITrn- -4 u(j)l+!f,+!f,+ ~m

~ljI.!f,~rrrn- ---7 ~ljI. +~+~+ ~m

92

93

@rill@) 6ill6DJm ~ljI.6DJW ~®~~6lJ®LD -~- B'Ji;~ mirrurT. ~~6DJm ~®~~6lJ®LD -~- @6DJL @6DJ6U mirrurT. ~!Dffirr6U QLDrrlPlu5lw6Urr6TTrT @6DJ6lJ @fTrnr6DJLLljLD ~B'rT~~

-~~- mirru6DJ~ @6DJL@6DJ6UWrrffiB; Qffirr6Tr6lJrT. ~® @)!DJLJL51L.L 6lJ6DJffi 6ill6DJmffi~6TT

(6lJru6ill6DJmffi6Tr) -~~- 6T6irrU6DJ~ @6DJL@6DJ6UWrrffi 6J!Dffil6irr!Dm. @ru6lJrrw Qffirr6Tr6lJ~ @6UB;ffi6lllJT ~6DJ~ 6T6lft6DJLDUU®~~ !!'-~6l.Jffil6irr!D~.

~6lJW616U 6ill6DJmffi6lftru -!6:2i- @!DJi;~ffirr6U @6DJL @6DJ6UWrrffi 6lJ®ffil6irr!D~. ~f§ffIJOMTW: 6lJ!b!brr6M, !b!bG!b6M, @®!blbrrri, @1iJ-!blbM· @6lJ!D6DJ!D~ ~LiilYl @6UB;ffi6lllJT ~61rflwrT t5l6irr6lJ®LDrr W t5lrflUUrT :

(2) uljl., 6T®, Qffirr®, umi, B'rrw ~urr6irr!D 6ill6DJmffi~L6irr -~~- @6DJL @6DJ6U

6lJ®ffil!D~.

Uljl.~~~6irr, uljl.~~rr6irr, uljl.~~~rrLD, uljl.~~rr6Tr

6T®~~~6irr, 6T®~~rr6irr, 6T®~~~rrLD, 6T®~~rr6Tr Qffirr®~~~6irr, Qffirr®~~rr6irr, Qffirr®~~~rrLD, Qffirr®~~rr6Tr urrrT~~~6irr, urrrT~~rr6irr, urrrT~~~rrLD, urrrT~~rrm B'rrw~~~6irr, B'rrw~~rr6irr, B'rrW~~~rrLD, B'rrw~~rr6Tr

6lJ!b!brr6M Ib!bG!b~T

---t 6lJfJ+!b+!b+ ~ 6M

---t !brr+!b+!b+~6M

@®!b!brrri ---t . @®+!b+!b+~ri @1iJ-!b!bM ---t @1iJ-+!b+!b+c91M

(3) JDL, 6ill@, 6lJIT, @®. 6T@ <&Jr6irr!D tiill6mmffi~6irr -Ji;~- @6DJL @6m6U 6lJ®ffil!D~. !!iLJi;~~6irr, !!iLJi;~~rrLD, !!iLJi;~rr6irr, !!iLJi;~~

6ill@Ji;~~6irr, 6ill@Ji;~~rrLD, 6ill@Ji;~rr6irr, 6ill@Ji;~~

6lJJi;~~6irr, 6lJJi;~~rrLD, 6lJJi;~rr6irr, 6lJJi;~~.

@®Ji;~~6irr, @®Ji;~~rrLD, @®Ji;~rr6irr, @®Ji;~~

6T@Ji;~~6irr, 6T@Ji;~~rrLD, 6T@Ji;~rr6irr, 6T@Ji;~~

(4) ~rnr, ffirr., Qffirr6Tr ~urr6irr!D 6ill6DJmffi6Tr -L- @6DJL @6DJ6U6DJW 6J!D~6irr!Dm. ~rnr~L6irr, ~rnr~LrrLD, ~rnrLrrrT, ~rnrLrrw

ffirnr~L6irr, ffirnr~LrrLD, ffirnrLrrrT, ffirnrLrrw

Qffirrrnr~L6irr, Qffirrrnr~LrrLD, QffirrrnrLrrrT, QffirrrnrLrrw

@rill@) 6ill6DJmwljI.6DJw ~®~~ 6lJ®LD -~- B'Ji;~ 6T6irrWLD, ~~ 6illffirrfTUUL® -Ji;- ~ffi LDrrwffil6irr!D~ 6T6irrWLD ~LiilYl @6UB;ffi6lllJT ~61rflwrT 6ill6TTB;@)6lJrT. ~riJffirr6U QLDrrlPlu5lwru ~!DJ®rTffi6Tr -Ji;~- 6T6irrU6DJ~ @!DJi;~ffirr6U @6DJL @6DJ6Uffi~6Tr ~6irr!DrrffiB; Qffirr6Tr6lJrT. ~® @)!DJut5lLL 6lJ6DJffi 6ill6DJmffi~6TT -Ji;~- 6T6irrU6DJ~ @6DJL@6DJ6UWrrffi 6J!Dffil6irr!Dm. ~6DJffiwrrru, -Ji;~- 6T6irrU6DJ~~ ~1ilIfl @6DJL @6DJ6UWrrffiB; Qffirr6Tr6lJ~ @6UB;ffi6lllJT~6DJ~ 6T6lft6DlLDUU®~~ ~~6l.Jffil6irr!D~. @~6lJ6DJfT ~!!irrB;ffilw~6l5l®Ji;~ t5l6irr6lJ®6lJm6lJ!D6DJ!D @!DJi;~ ffirr6U @6DJL @6DJ6Uffi6TTrrffiB; Qffirr6Tr6TT6UrrLD :

-~-, -~~-, -Ji;~-, -L, !D-, -@6irr-, -@-, -6irr-

(5) QB'ru, @ru, Q6lJru, ffiru ~urr6irr!D 6ill6DJmffi6Tr -riJ- @6DJL@6DJ6U 6J!Dffil6irr!Dm.

QB'6irr~!D6irr, QB'6irr~!DrrLD, QB'6irr!Drrw, QB'6irr!D~ @6irr~!D6irr, @6irr~!DrrLD, @6irr!Drrw, @6irr!D~ Q6lJ6irr~!D6irr, Q6lJ6irr~!DrrLD, Q6lJ6irr!Drrw, Q6lJ6irr!D~

ffi!D~!D6irr, ffi!D~!DrrLD, ffi!D!Drrw, ffi!D!D~

~®, 6T@~, B!'W, LliW ~urr6irr!D 6ill6DJmffi6Tr -@6irr- @6DJL@6DJ6U 6J!Dffil6irr!D611l. ~ljI.~m6irr, ~ljI.mrrrT, ~ljI.~mrrLD, ~ljI.mrrw

6T@~~m6irr, 6T@~mrrrT, 6T@~~mrrLD, 6T@~mrrw

B!'!DJ~m6irr, B!'!DJmrr6irr, B!'!DJ~mrrLD, B!'!DJmrrw

Lli !DJ~m6irr, Lli !DJmrr 6irr, Lli !DJ~mrrLD, Lli !DJmrrw

(7) ~urr, QB'rrru, ~@) ~ffilw 6ill6DJmffi6Tr -6irr- @6DJL@6DJ6U 6J!Dffil6irr!Dm.

~urr~m6irr, ~urr~mrrLD,~urrmrr6irr, ~urrmrrrT

QB'IT6irr~m6irr, QB'rr6irr~mITLD, QB'rr6irrmrr6irr, QB'rr6irrmrrrT ~~m6irr, ~~mrrLD, ~mrr6irr, ~mrrrT

@6lJ!DW6Tr -@- @6DJL @6DJ6U -@6irr- @6DJL@6DJ6U6DJW 6J!D@)LD 6ill6DJmffi6lft6irr ~ooo!DJ6DJ6lIlJT ~6irr!D6irrurrru 6lJljI.6lJ~~ru LDL®LD 6lJ®ffil6irr!D~. ~f§ffIJOMTW:

GIiJ-G6llT6M ---t GCii'+@6M+~6M GIiJ-G6llTrrw ---t GCii'+@6M+GW
GIiJ-6llTrrui ---t GCii'+@6M+~ui GliJ-ffiria;1iir ---t GCii'+@6MHforia;1iir (6)
GIiJ-6llTrr6M ---t GCii'+@6M+~6M GIiJ-6llTrrliir ---t GCii'+@6M+~1iir
GIiJ-6llTrrri ---t GCii'+@6M+~ri GIJ}.6llTrrrr a;1iir ---t GCii'+@6M+~ria;1iir
GIiJ-IJJM ---t GCii'+@+c91M GIiJ-6llT ---t GCii'+@6M+c91 ~ffi~6lJ, -@- @6DJL@6DJ6U6DJW -@6irr @6DJL @6DJ6ULljL6irr ~B'rT~~6illL6UrrLD. -~-, -~~-, -Ji;~-, -L-, -!D-, -@6irr-, -6irr- ~ffilw 6J6DJ!:j!LljLD @!DJi;~ ffirr6U @6DJL@6DJ6Uffi6TTrrffiB; Qffirrm6TT6UrrLD. @6DJ6lJ Q6lJru~6lJ!!ll6ill6DJmffi~L6irr 6lJ®ffil6irr!DOOT ~6DJ6lJ t5l6irr 6lJ ®LDrr W :

(1) QB'W, ~@, ~@, Q!!iW ~urr6irr!D 6ill6DJOOTffi~L6irr -~- @6DJL @6DJ6U 6lJ®ffil6irr!D~.

QB'W~~6irr, QB'W~~rrLD, QB'W~~, QB'w~rrw ~@~~6irr, ~@~~rrLD, ~@~~, ~@~rrw ~@~~6irr, ~@~~rrLD, ~@~~, ~@~rrw

(8)

@), ®, W 6TOOT (!pljl.LljLD 616U 6ill6DJOOTB: QB'rrriJffi6Tr ~ffifTLD QffiL®, FF!DW ~wru QLDW @fTLljI.~~ @!DJi;~ffiIT6ULD ffiITL®ffil6irr!DOOT. @6DJ6lJ @6DJL@6DJ6Uffi6TTlTru ffiIT6ULD ffiITL®6l.J~ru6DJ6U. L.f§ffIJOMTW:

94

95

[!J(B ~ [!JLLfJoM ill'(B ~ ill'LLfJoM
GUfJ(B ~ GUfJLLfJoM IffJUU'(B ~ IffJUU'LLfJoM
4~ ~ 4&lf,fJoM [!J~ ~ [!J&lf,fJoM
(JU[!1J ~ (JUWf!)fJoM !l>JoM4[!1J ~ !l>JoM4Wf!)fJoM
[!J~L(JU[!1J ~ [!J~L(JUWf!)!l>J
uWl!D~ @ffiWffiIT6U 6lSl6GlliOTffi6IT 6T~rTffiIT6UU QUIT®6lfl~w uwmu(b)~l2iUu(b)ffilm!DliOT. .9JUUfJ [!JfJ~5TJ&~ 6lJ<!!Jifif!)fJri

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