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Chapter 1
Chapter 1
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C H A P T E R O N E
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Introduction
Fahim, 978-0-444-52785-1
Comp. by: MNatarajan Stage: Proof ChapterID: 0000960528 Date:28/4/09
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2 Chapter 1
Chemical conversion
Physical separation Catalytic Thermal
Distillation Reforming Delayed coking
Solvent deasphalting Hydrotreating Flexicoking
Solvent extraction Hydrocracking Visbreaking
Solvent dewaxing Alkylation
Isomerization
t0015 Table 1.2 Crude distillation products (Gary and Handwerk, 2001)
Fahim, 978-0-444-52785-1
Comp. by: MNatarajan Stage: Proof ChapterID: 0000960528 Date:28/4/09
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Introduction 3
Fahim, 978-0-444-52785-1
Comp. by: MNatarajan Stage: Proof ChapterID: 0000960528 Date:28/4/09
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4 Chapter 1
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Gas
LPG
Gas Gas Plant Polymerization
Separation
Introduction
n-Butane Aviation
Gasoline
Alkylate
Light crude oil Alkylation
Distillate Catalytic
Isomerization Automotive
Light SR Naphtha Light SR Naphtha
gasoline
Heavy SR Naphtha Hydrodesulfuri Catalytic Reformate
Crude Oil Reforming
-zation/Trating
Gasoline (Naphtha)
Solvents
Desalting
Middle Distillate Catalytic
Hydrocracking
Hydro- Jet fuel
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Atmospheric Distillation
desulfurization Kerosene
Gas Oil
Solvents
Distillate
Cracking
Vacuum
Atmospheric Hvy Vacuum Distillate
Dist.
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Residue
Solvent
Coking Visbreaking
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Residue Deasphalting
Residue
Asphalt Coke Vacuum Residue
Sweetening & Blending
Atmospheric Residue
Lubricants
Solvent Solvent Dewaxed oil
Lube feedstock Greases
Extraction Dewaxing
Hydro-
Blending
treating &
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6 Chapter 1
VR Vacuum Residue
3
Hydrogenation AR Atmospheric Residue
Crude Oil
Ratio
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Butane LPG
Lt Naphtha
Gasoline
Hvy Naphtha
Hydrotreater & Reformer
Crude
Alkylate
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Atmospheric Distillation
Hydrotreater
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FCC/Hydrocracker
Atmospheric Resid Alkylation
Vac Dist.
Light Crude Oil
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Slurry
Vac Resid
Coker
Coke
C3 LPG
C4 LPG
Splitter
Stabilizer
C5/C6 Isomerate Acetone
LSRN
Isom Acetone
Crude Dist.
Diesel Polypropylene Polypropylene
AGO HDS H2 Diesel
Off -Gas
VGO C3/C4
Olefins Ethylene Ethylene Ethylene
Purer Cracking Oxide Glycol Glycol
Ethylene
FCC Fuel
Splitter
Splitter
Oxide
C3 Splitter
Gas
Debutanizer
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Vacuum Dist.
C4’s
C4’s Gasoline
Gasoline
MTBE Alkylation Blending
iC4 MTBE
Methanol
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Resid
Cooling & Syn Gas Methanol
Gasification Methanol
Shift RX
Oxygen Carbon
Oxide
CO2 CO2
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Combined
Electric Power
Cycle
Cogen Stream
Synthesis Gas to Petrochemical
Derivatives Plants Units
Chapter 1
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Introduction 9
REFERENCES
Crawford, C. D., Bharvani, P. R., and Chapel, D. G. (2002). Integrating petrochemicals
into the refinery. Hydrocarbon Process 7, 35–38.
Gary, J. H., and Handwerk, G. E. (2001). ‘‘Petroleum Refining Technology and Econom-
ics.’’ 4th ed. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Jones, D. S. J, and Pufado, P. R. (2005). ‘‘Handbook Of Petroleum Processing.’’ Springer,
Berlin.
Speight, J. G. (1999). ‘‘The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum,’’ 3rd ed. Marcel
Dekker, New York.
Fahim, 978-0-444-52785-1
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