Earth Retaining Structure

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Objectives

• To outline the engineering aspect of earth retaining structures,

based on their basic principles, method of analysis and design
and potential problem to the environment

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Lecture Outcomes:

1. Able to explained different type of earth retaining structure

particularly construction method, material used, and its
salient characteristics,
2. Able to relate method of construction of earth retaining
structures to their response under external loading,
3. Able to select a suitable type of earth retaining structure,
from a list of possible selections, based on (a) soil type and
its layering system and (b) environment constraints,
4. Able to design earth retaining structure based on (a) stability
and (b) structural integrity criteria.

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Example of Earth Retaining
Structures

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Rigid retaining wall & Sheetpile wall

Keywords: retaining wall, sheet pile wall

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Crib Wall

Keywords: stretcher, header, cells, soil

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Gravity Wall and Cantilever Wall

Keywords: height
Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Conterfort wall

Keywords: gravity wall, cantilever wall, counterfort wall

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Soil reinforcement

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Reinforced Earth Wall

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Fabric Reinforced wall

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Braced Excavation

Keywords: settlement, strut, wale beam

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

• Soil Nailing

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Topics on Earth Retaining
Structure
– Lateral Earth Pressure
– Rigid and Semi Rigid Wall
• Crib wall
• Gravity wall and Cantilever wall
– Flexible Wall
• Cantilever Sheetpile
• Anchored Sheetpile
– Mechanically Stabilized Earth
– Braced Excavation

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Analysis and Design of Earth
Retaining Structure
1. Determination of load acting on earth
retaining structure
2. Check strength and stiffness of structural
components
3. Check structural stability (horizontal
displacement, overturning, bearing capacity,
general stability)

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Failure modes of gravity structure

Keywords: mechanisms, bearing capacity, overturning, sliding, general failure,

centre of rotation
Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • General stability

Keywords: shear key, alternative location

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Failure mode of reinforced earth wall

Keywords: metal strip, spacing, star-shaped element, stress distribution, actual

failure surface
Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Bearing capacity failure of reinforced earth wall

Keywords: base failure

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08
 • Failure mode of cantilever and anchored sheetpile wall

Keywords: plastic hinge, rotation

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 • Problem statement of braced excavation

Keywords: settlement, strut, wale beam

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Summary of Previous Lecture

• Discuss various types of earth retaining structure

• Discuss failure mechanism of earth retaining structure
• Discuss of procedure of design of earth retaining structure

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Analysis and Design of Earth
Retaining Structure
1. Determination of load acting on earth
retaining structure
2. Check structural stability (horizontal
displacement, overturning, bearing capacity,
general stability) based on failure mechanisms

3. Check strength and stiffness of structural

components

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08

 Any question?

Indra S. Harahap – Foundation and Earth Retaining Structure - Jul07/Jan08