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  • The Conditionals

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    Iestyn Williams
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    This document outlines the different conditional structures in English: 1) The 1st conditional expresses a real possibility using "if" with the present simple and "will" with the base verb. 2) The 2nd conditional expresses an unreal or hypothetical possibility using "if" with the past simple and "would" with the base verb. 3) The 3rd conditional expresses something that is no longer possible using "if" with the past perfect and "would have" with the past participle.

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    the conditionals

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    This document outlines the different conditional structures in English: 1) The 1st conditional expresses a real possibility using "if" with the present simple and "will" with the base verb. 2) The 2nd conditional expresses an unreal or hypothetical possibility using "if" with the past simple and "would" with the base verb. 3) The 3rd conditional expresses something that is no longer possible using "if" with the past perfect and "would have" with the past participle.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    57 views1 page

    The Conditionals

    Uploaded by

    Iestyn Williams
    This document outlines the different conditional structures in English: 1) The 1st conditional expresses a real possibility using "if" with the present simple and "will" with the base verb. 2) The 2nd conditional expresses an unreal or hypothetical possibility using "if" with the past simple and "would" with the base verb. 3) The 3rd conditional expresses something that is no longer possible using "if" with the past perfect and "would have" with the past participle.

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    of 1

    0 conditional – certainty IF condition result

    IF condition result past simple WOULD + base verb

    present simple present simple If I won the lottery I would buy a car.

    If you heat ice it melts.

    IF condition result

    IF condition result past simple WOULD + base verb

    present simple present simple If I married Mary I would be happy.

    If I miss the 8 o'clock bus I am late for work. If Ram became rich she would marry him.

    If I am late for work my boss gets angry. If it snowed next July would you be surprised?

    If people don't eat they get hungry. If it snowed next July what would you do?

    If you heat ice does it melt?


    3rd conditional – no possibility

    1st conditional – real possibility condition result

    IF condition result Past Perfect WOULD HAVE + Past Participle

    present simple WILL + base verb If I had won the lottery I would have bought a car.

    If it rains I will stay at home.

    IF condition result

    IF condition result WOULD HAVE + past


    past perfect
    participle
    present simple WILL + base verb
    If I had seen Mary I would have told her.
    If I see Mary I will tell her.
    Tara had been free
    If I would have invited her.
    If Tara is free tomorrow he will invite her. yesterday

    If they do not pass their exam their teacher will be sad. they had not passed their their teacher would have been
    If
    exam sad.
    If it rains tomorrow will you stay at home?
    would you have stayed at
    If it had rained yesterday
    If it rains tomorrow what will you do? home?

    If it had rained yesterday what would you have done?

    2nd conditional – unreal possibility or dream

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