IPG KAMPUS KENT

TUARAN SABAH
BASIC MATHEMATICS

Prepared by:
Elisha Paul
Lawrencia Lajius

Prepared to:
Mr. Haslan Bin Manja
 DEFINITION OF
PROBLEM SOLVING

Any task that we faced with a situation whereby the

path of the solution is not obvious and immediate.
George Polya
 PROBLEM
SOLVING
STRATEGIES
 Importance
experience of Problem
a range of Solving
emotions
Give
experience of
opportunities
the power of
for conceptual
mathematics
development

to solve to accomplish
the
daily instructional
problems goals

develops
introduce
mathemati
concepts
cal thinking

stimulate
to adapt to
interest and
changes encompass enthusiasm
es skills
NON ROUTINE
PROBLEM
 EXAMPLE 1

Saiful and Fikri each began reading a novel

book today. If Saiful reads 8 pages each day
And Fikri reads 5 pages each day, what pages
will Fikri is reading when Saiful is reading
page 56?
SOLUTION 1: MAKE A TABLE

1. Understand the Problem.

How many pages does Saiful read each day?
8 pages
How Many pages does Fikri read each day)
5 pages
Did they start reading their books on the
same day?
Yes.
2. Make a plan
How many pages had Saiful read at the end of the
first day?
8 pages
How many pages had Fikri read at the end of the
first day?
5 pages
When Saiful has read 16 pages, how many pages
will Fikri have read?
10 pages
Find the number of pages Saiful read for the first 5
days.
8, 16, 24, 32, 40 pages
3. Carry out the plan

DAY SAIFUL’S PAGE FIKRI’S

PAGE

1 8 5

2 16 10

3 24 15

4 32 20

5 40 25

6 48 30

7 56 35
4. Check again.
If Saiful read 56 pages in 7 days.
Fikri will be reading page 35 when Saiful is
reading page 56.
SOLUTION 2:LOOKING FOR PATTERN

Saiful read 8 pages a day.

The pattern is 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56
Fikri read 5 pages a day.
The pattern is 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35
Thus, Fikri will read page 35 when Saiful is
reading page 56.
 EXAMPLE 2

Zaim, Naim, and Qarim uncovered a

container containing some lollipops. They
kept half of the lollipops in the refrigerator
and divided the remaining lollipops evenly
among themselves. Zaim received 20
lollipops. How many lollipops were in the
container earlier?
SOLUTION 1: WORKING BACKWARDS

1. Understand the problem.

Do you know how many lollipops were in the
container?
No.
Do you know how many lollipops were left after they
kept half in the refrigerator?
No.
After they divided the remaining lollipops evenly
among themselves?
Yes, 20 each.
2. Make a plan
If Zaim received 20 lollipops, how many did
Naim and Qarim receive?
They receive 20 lollipops each.
Together, how many lollipops did the boys
have?
60.
The lollipops that the boys had are how much
of what was in the container?
They have half because half of the lollipop is
in the refrigerator.
 3. Carry out the plan
Start with 20 lollipops.
Multiply by 3, the number of boys—3 x 20 = 60
Multiply by 2 for the half they kept—2 x60=120
There were 120 lollipops in the container.

4. Check again
If Zaim receive 20 lollipops, Naim and Qarim
receive 20 lollipops.
Then the sum of the lollipops is 120 because they
divided half of the lollipops between them.
SOLUTION 2:GUESS AND CHECK

Let 140 lollipops in the container. After half was kept, the
remains were 70.
Then, it is divided at the same amount between Zaim, Naim
and Qarim.
 
Zaim = 20
Naim= 20
Qarim = 30

This amount is not possible because all of them must have

the same amount of lollipops that is 20.
Let 120 lollipops in the container.
After it was kept in the refrigertor, the remains
were 60.
Then it is divided at the same amount between
the boys.
 
Zaim = 20
Naim= 20
Qarim = 20

There were 120 lollipops.

 EXAMPLE 3

Amirul and Shah put up a rope to mark the

starting line for the sack race. The rope was
10 meters (m) long. They put a post at each
end of the rope and at every 2 m. How many
posts did they use?
SOLUTION 1:DRAW A PICTURE

1. Understand the problem.

How long was the rope?
10 m.
How far apart were the posts?
2 m.
2. Make a plan
Suppose they placed the posts only at the end
of the rope. How many posts would there be?
2 posts.
If they used 3 posts and each post was 2 m from
another post, how long would the rope be?
4m
Try 4 posts. Draw a picture to see how long the
rope would be.
6 m.
3. Carry out the plan

Amirul and Shah used 6 posts.

4. Check again
If they used 3 posts and each post was 2 m from
another post, the long of the rope is 4m.
Then, they will used 6 post.
SOLUTION 2:WRITE A NUMBER
SENTENCE
10÷2=5
Since the posts are placed at both ends of the
ropes, so we have to add 1.
5+1=6
Amirul and Shah used 6 posts.
 TRY THIS..
A frog is at the bottom of a 10-meter
well. Each day he climbs up 3
meters. Each night he slides down 1
meter. On what day will he reach
the top of the well and escape?
THANK YOU