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    A-New-Approach-For economic-analysis-of-PV-hybrid-power-system

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    rebug

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    33-148 A new approach for economic analysis of PV-Hybrid power systems A Zahedi! and S. Sivasubramanian.* ‘Solar Energy Applications Research Group (SEARG), Department of Electrical and. |Computer ‘Systems Engineering, Monash University, PO Box 3S, Victoria, Australia, 3800 E-mail: hmadzabedi @enesmoneshedon *Solar Energy Applications Research Group (SEARG), Department of Electrical and ‘Computer ‘Systems Engineering, Monash University, PO Box 35, Victoria, Australia, 3800 E-mail: Swamasien Sivespbransnlan@eng.morash eduan Abstract ‘The objective of this paper is to present a numerical approach for economic analysis of PV-Hybrid power systems. In this paper the economic viability of PV sysicm is assessed relative to the abcmatives, for example, diesel, extending grid, etc. A further objective of this pager is the development and implementation of « goneral and systematic procedure for the evaluation of the economic viability of hybrid power systems. Introduction ‘The interest in solar PV energy is growing world-wide. Today, more than 100000 off-grid PV systems ‘= installed all over the world [3]. Since 1970, the PV price has continuously dropped. In 1970, the Sesxalled PV peak watt cost was US$100, during the 80s, it fell to USS10. At the present time, the price is around US$4 per installed peak watt. The price for generation of kWh photovoltaic is almost double ‘Se price of electricity generation by conventional generation. It is predicted by experts that with massive production of PY modules and with farther progress in research and development, and also Sontinuous government finsncial supports, future price will drop further. This price drop will moursge the worldwide application of small-scale residential PV systems. These recent ‘developments have led researchers concemed with the environment to undertake an extensive research Sx hamessing renewable energy resources. The usage of renewsble sources of energy which produce Ses (and in some cases no) pollution are considered more seriously, Rapid advances in solee Bhotovoltaic technologies a8 well as wind energy technology have brought good opportunities for the ‘sEiiization of solar PV and wind power. Moreover, the economic aspects of these technologies are now ‘safBiciently promising to also justify their use in small-scale stand-alone applications for users who are ct connected to national electricity grid. It must be mentioned that PV and wind arc the most =cvomical option compared with Tine extension if the user is located more than two km away from ‘Se national electricity grid, Literature survey shows that several design sccnazios have been proposed (mmatie Energy Congress Vil (WREC 2002) Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science Lis. AV nights reserved. eeeneer pce fox the solar PV and/or wind power systems in which some other type of generating units are ‘tegrated for making a more reliable generating System. Configuration Fie cystem is designed to supply a reliable power for 8 semnow clinic. The system consists of PV array, Morage baueres, and a backup generator. The size of PY ary BT that is able to supply the entire sore tee, nds lS? ma pend. Duan te ay wen he EEE TO venom execeds the derand the PV aray start charging he Daveies 'As the size of PV array is s0 Seana cess power will not cause overcharging ofthe barrios tose need for a damp load to be integrated in the system, Batteries will supply power during the nights ‘and cloudy days. Every day the backup diesel generator operates for couple of hours Yo charge the batteries. The number of hours FT operation of ciesel generator depends on SOC of Palees, iin order to minimize the fuel cost and crating wasting the electricity, the diesel generator Keeps “charging the batteries until s specified ‘upper limit for the battery voltage is reached. At this point the backup generator ‘will stop charging the batieries Load the Total daily Energy Lond for the purpose of system sie ‘The first step of system size is to make an Bi ‘of all loads. We need to fist all the devices in the clinic that consume electricity. We have to make sure to include everything. Enecgy Budget Chart has ‘been shown in Table 1 in which the PV array is the main supply. Our : eg between the radiation and the load. In order 0 avoid wasting PV electricity the size of PV array i determined based on the summer radiation data (3 ao wat of the 12 mons of the year). Obviously the PY ‘nergy is not able to supply enough power Goring nine months of the year other than swmmey months, Battery bank is there to support the PV array and the diesel generator [0 | ‘backup the battery ‘bank. sects Ranevable Energy Conares VI(WREC 2002} Copyight 2002 Elsevier Scarce Lis Abit reserved. Eidior AM. Suyct ‘The energy deficit is covered effectively by a diesel generator set. The radiation data for the site, ‘epether with the pane! orientation are used to determine the incident solar radiation on the pane! for a ‘typical day in summer months of the year. © Thenumber of series connected modules is determined by the DC operating voltage. As the modules are used for battery charging we are more interested in the current at a good battery charging voltage under normal operating conditions. ‘= The nomber of parallel strings is directly related to the : “The current requirement for the load I, ‘The nominal current Ip which is required from the PV array when working at its maximum power point and irradiated by the standard AM 1.5 radiation at £ kWim? ‘The nominal current supplied by an individual PV modules. ‘We can also introduce sizing factor SF, which can be used to oversize the amount of current amailable from the array. ‘Size of battery bank “The daily and seasonal charge deficits have to be calculated, It must be ensured that the night periods ‘and cloudy periods are covered satisfactorily. At the same time, excess energy generated and not used

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