BY:-

TAMANNA
CHAUDHARY
B.TECH, CS, 3RD
 Topics Covered

•Definition of RFID
• System Description
•Operation
•Applications
•Benefits
•Limitations/Issues
•RFID as a ‘Disruptive Technology
•Conclusion
 Definition

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Technology used to track and identify a person
or object by means of radio
transmission
Type of data transmitted can vary - information on object,
its location, delivery times, weight, destination, etc.

Significantly simplify and make robust, the tracking of

parts or part carriers
 System Description

Two main components to

a basic RFID system:

RFID Tag (transponder)

RFID Reader
(Interrogator)
 System Description

RFID Tag (Transponder)

–Consists of a microchip and an antenna

–Attached to an object to be tracked (vary in
size)
–Stores information about the object (ID
number, kilobytes, dynamic info maintained)
–Read only or read/write
–Contact-less, Non-line of sight
–Read Range: few inches to hundreds of ft.
 System Description
Two classes of RFID Tags, Passive and Active, based
on the means in which they receive power:
Passive
-Power source is provided by the RFID Reader’s generated field
-Smaller size tags, must be within close range of reader (~ 2m)
Active
-Have an internal power source
-Larger, more expensive, shorter life
-Longer reading ranges, more memory
 System Description
RFID Reader (Interrogator)
– Retrieves information from the RFID Tag

– Detects/Activates tag, reads and writes data to tag

 May consist of a signal processor, operating system,

antenna, virtual memory, and transmitter/receiver unit

–Active or Passive
 System Description

RFID Reader (Interrogator)

– May be stationary, positioned at

strategic points

– May be integrated into handheld unit

– Some of today’s readers can

simultaneously read 100-2000 tags
per second
HOW RFID WORKS
RFID System Components
 Applications

Current Applications

Transportation: Toll collection, cargo

management, equipment ID, auto-payment etc.

Security: Employee ID tags for office, hotels;

nursing homes & hospitals; car keys; video stores and
libraries; casino chips/keys; etc.

Manufacturing: Tracking goods through

manufacturing process- Automobile, Computer
Hardware, etc.
 Applications
Current Applications (cont’d)

Animal tracking: Cattle and other livestock;

endangered species;

Athletics: Golf ball identification and tracking; Major

track and field events – in marathon runners’ shoes to
obtain official start & finish times and to verify track
travelled

Global Positioning System (GPS): Accurate

location and identity of specific objects using satellites
 Applications

Newer and Future Applications

Airport Security/Baggage: Track and

identify passengers and airline luggage

Medical: Restricting access; tracking patients and

guests with authorized wristbands; tracking babies (to
reduce risk of abduction); tracking of medicine and
equipment;

Postal Services: Tracking of mail/packages

 Benefits

An RFID system is the noncontact, non-line-

of-sight nature of the technology.
It enhance Efficiency ,traceability of
production.
Hundred of tags can be readed in seconds.
They can be combined with sensors.
It not only saves time but also provides real
time information & data access to anybody.
 Limitations/Issues

The major disadvantage of RFID technology

is its high cost .
Any body can access information about
anything.
It is possible to compromise an RFID system
by wrapping the protected material in two to
three layers of ordinary household foil to block
the radio signal.
 Limitations/Issues

Interference into RFID – two types

Metal Interference – metal packaging may block/corrupt
the signal; some tags have trouble being read when
attached to metal objects.
Frequency Interference – may cause problems if the
reader is attempting to identify a particular tag surrounded
by a number of other tags operating at same frequency;
limits specific data that can be extracted.
Interference from RFID into other systems
General observation is that potential for interference into
other systems is low and can be mitigated through
engineering techniques (e.g. limiting power and duty cycle)
 RFID as a ‘Disruptive Technology’
Disruptive technologies
Disrupt the old way of doing things, changing the industry in
such a way that previous competitive and business rules do not
apply (could, for example render current supply chain ‘bar code’
models obsolete)

Not only create new industries, but eventually change the

world; can greatly expand the role of integrators

Bring to market a fundamentally different value proposition

than what has been previously available (e.g. bar codes), based
on a different set of product/service attributes
CONCLUSION

It is an another TECH REVOLUTION which

will change our lives completely .
And it will be used 24hoursX7days ,like
emails.
 References

www.new technology.com
www.engineering.com
www.rfidjournal.com
www.frontlinetoday.com
Thank You