Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Human Digestive System
Human Digestive System
system
Human digestive system
Digestion is a process of breaking down large
food molecules into smaller molecules that
are readily absorbed by the body.
The digestive system consist of all the organs
PARTS OF FUNCTIONS
ALIMENTARY
CANALS
Mouth The teeth in the mouth break down large food
particles into smaller pieces
The saliva in the mouth contains enzyme to break
down carbohydrates chemically
Digested food: carbohydrate
Esophagus Esophagus is a muscular tube that joins the mouth
to the stomach
Esophagus cannot digest food. It can only push
small food particles from the mouth into the stomach
by peristalsis process
Stomach Contain enzymes that break down proteins.
The walls of the stomach secrete gastric juice that
contains hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria in food
and provide an acidic medium for the action of
enzymes.
Digested food: protein
Liver Produces alkaline bile. Bile is stored in the gall
bladder
Bile helps to break down the fats in the duodenum
Pancreas Produces pancreatic juice that contains enzymes to
break down starch, proteins, peptides and fats
Small intestine Digestion is complete in the small intestine.
The digested food is then ready to be absorbed into
the bloodstream through the thin walls of the small
intestine
Digested food: carbohydrate, protein and fats.
After leaving the stomach the food enters the small intestine.
Our small intestine is a 20-25 foot tube that is coiled up in
your abdomen.
The most important part of digestion takes place in the small
intestine.
the duodenum is the first part of the small intestine.
The duodenum receives bile and pancreatic juices.
Pancreatic juices contain three types of enzymes
a. Pancreatic amylase ( starch maltose)
b. Protease (peptones amino acids)
c. Lipase ( fat fatty acids + glycerol)
As the thick liquid food paste travels through your small
intestine the nutrients (vitamins, minerals, proteins,
carbohydrates and fats) are absorbed by millions of tiny
finger-like objects called villi and sent into your bloodstream
where the nutrients can travel to all your body cells.
The digestion is completed in the small intestine.
Does the body use all the food we eat?
No
the body does not digest all the food that we eat.
The undigested food leaves the small intestine and then enters
the large intestine.
The large intestine is about five feet long so it is shorter than
the small intestine.
The large intestine is however thicker or wider than the small
intestine and that is why it is called the large intestine.
what does the large intestine do to the undigested food?
Digestion occur
Physical Chemical
digestion digestion
The digestion of food ends in the small intestine. The
end products are;
Carbohydrates Glucose
Carbohydrates / x /
Proteins x / /
Fats X X /
fibre X X x
Activity 1
Read the statements carefully and then
determine the statement is true or false.
What is inside your stomach that helps break food down into a thick liquid paste?
a) water b) acids and enzymes c) villi
What are the tiny finger-like projections called that are inside the small intestine?
These tiny finger-like projections absorb the nutrients form the food and send into
our bloodstream.
a) oesophagus b) arteries c) villi
After the food leaves our stomach it heads into which part of the digestive system?
a) oesophagus b) pancreas
c) small intestined) large intestine
What is removed from the undigested food when it is in the Large Intestine?
a) water b) nutrients c) energy d) sugar
What are digestive enzymes?
Enzymes is a catalyst that speed up a chemical
reaction in digestion process.
The enzymes help to break complex food molecules
villus
Reabsorption of water and defeacation
penyerapan semula air dan proses penyahtinjaan
reabsorb water.
The substances that enter the large intestine
food substances
Defaecation ( penyahtinjaan)
Undigested food in the large intestine is
undergoes peristalsis
The assisted by abdominal contraction will push
X
Quiz 1
1. Seorang pelajar memakan roti yang disapu dengan mentega. Antara
enzim-enzim berikut, yang manakah bertindak ke atas makanan yang
dimakan oleh pelajar itu?
i. Enzim lipase ii. Enzim amilase iii. Enzim pepsin
A. i sahaja B. i and ii sahaja
C. ii and iii sahaja D. i, ii, and iii
2. Antara berikut yang manakah terkandung di dalam jus gaster dalam
perut?
A. protease B. Amylase
C. lipase D. hydrochloric acid.
3. Antara proses berikut, yang manakah menyebabkan pergerakan
makanan dalam salur pencernaan?
A. Asimilasi B. respirasi
C. peristalsis D. digestion
4. Antara bahan makanan berikut, yang manakah memberi warna biru tua
apabila diuji dengan larutan iodin?
A. nasi B. daging
C. telur D. mentega
5. Antara proses berikut yang manakah berlaku dalam usus besar?
i. penyerapan semula air ii. Penyahtinjaan
iii. Pencernaan makanan
A. ii sahaja B. I dan ii sahaja
C. ii dan iii sahaja D. i,ii dan iii
6. Antara organ berikut, yang manakah penyerapan semula air berlaku?
A. mulut B. usus kecil
C. usus besarD. perut.
7. Antara berikut, yang manakah terlibat dalam penyerapan hasil akhir
makanan yang tercerna?
A. perut B. mulut
C. usus besarD. usus kecil
8. Antara bahagian berikut, di manakah berlakunya proses peristalsis?
i.perut ii.esofagus iii.usus kecil iv.usus besar.
A.i sahaja B.ii dan iii sahaja
C.i ,ii dan iii sahaja D.i,ii,iii dan iv
9. Enzim X bertindak ke atas protein dan menukarkannya kepada pepton.