Name Causative Agent MOT Pathognomonic S/S Diagnostics & DOC Nursing Mngt.

Sign
Claustriduim tetani- Tetanolysin-RBC LOCKJAW (trismus) Inflammation -assess for presence Do not stimulate
TETANUS / anaerobe destruction -restlessness, fver, sweating of wound Muscle spasm
Lockjaw (Trismus) Tetatnospasmin- -Facial muscle-sardonic -obtain wound culture -place in dim & quiet
causes muscle smile -Give anti-tetanus place
spasm -Opistotonous position- serum (do skin test) -gentle handling
-Abdominal rigidity- pt of
recovery
-All muscles are RIGID &
STIFF
CMV -petichiae
MENINGITIS -Cryptococcal Droplet Nochal rigidity- -irritation -Lumbar puncture Proper disposal of
Meningococcemi meningitis stiffening of thje -increase ICP -do not po if Inc. ICP nasopharyngeal
transmission-
a -Staphylococcal neck -severe headache -Blood culture secretion
respi
meningitis -Kernig’s sign- -projectile vomiting DRUGS -cover nose when
-Haemophillus difficulty of extending -seizure -bacterial-antibiotic sneezing & coughing
Influenza Bacili the legs -convulsion -fungal- Amphotericin -pt is wearing mask
Neiseria Mengitides -BRUDZINSKI’s sign- Inflammation- Vaccine - HiB
invouluntary drawing Dilantin &phenytoin – IV Dexamethasone
up of the legs and hips If PO- gingival hyperplasia -Mannitol

CNS Infection: VIRAL

 Name Causative Agent MOT Pathognomonic Sign S/S Diagnostics & DOC Nursing Mngt.

Name Causative Agent MOT Pathognomonic Sign S/S Diagnostics & DOC Nursing Mngt.
ENCEPHALITIS Inflammation of Altered LOC Lumbar puncture CLEAN Program
the brain -lethargy EEG
-behavioral changes
-brain is immediately
affected
POLIOMYELITIS/I Legio debilitans Droplet-G.I 1. Invasive/Abortive stage LUMBAR puncture test -Immunization
nfantile -Brunhilde-most -s/s appear Muscle testing -Avoid mode of
Paralysis/Heine- prominent/perma 2.Pre-Paralytic Stage E;ectromyelogram transmission
Medin nent immunity -severe muscle pain Stool Exam - late
-Lansing -stiffness of the hamstrings Nasopharyngeal exam-
-Leon -HOYNE’S sign early
-head drop
-POKER spine IRON LUNG MACHINE
3. PARALYTIC STAGE
-flaccid paralysis
a. BULBAR type
-9 & 10
-respi problems
b. SPINAL
-most common
-affects ANTERIOR Horn cells
c. Bulbo Spinal
-cranial nerve affectation
RABIES/hydroph Rhabdovirus Contact of the Hydrphobia Humans; 10-21 days Haloperidol & Benadryl to a. place in dim & quiet
obia/Lyssa/La (neurotropic) saliva of the Aerophobia a.Invasive Stage prevent maniacal behavior environment
Rage rabid animal Maniacal behavior -flu-like symptoms a.Brain Biopsy - + Negri b.keep patient away
+ Negri bodies b.Excitement satge bodies from sub-utility room
-aerophobia b.DIRECT FLOURESCENT c. restraint before she
IN ANIMALS 3-8 weeks -hydrophobia ANTI-BODY test- exhibits maniacal
a.DUMB stage -pharygolarngeal spasm confirmatory test behavior
 -complete change in disposition c.Paralytic stage
b. FUROUS satge -paralysis from toes to head Post prophylactic vaccine –
-easily agitated, saliva -die within 24 hr. verorab

Circulatory system:

Name C.A MOT Pathognomonic Sign S/S Medical & Drugs Nursing Mngt.
Dengue Arbovirus Mosquito bite 1. GRADE I a. TOURNIQUET/RUMPEL LEEDS a. promote bleeding
Hemorrhagic a. Onyong-nyong virus AEDES AEGYPTI -fever 3-5 days test control and gum
Fever b.Chikungunya -most common -pain- body pain -capillary fragility bleeding
c. West Nille -day biting - + petechiae > 20 petechaie/m2 b. keep on NPO if
d.Flavivirus- Philippines -low flying - + Herman’s sign b.BLOOD Exam vomiting
-low extremity biting 2. GRADE II -platelet count: 150,000-400,000 c. ice pack on the
-clear stagnant -bleeding, nose, - Ins. Hematocrit epigastric area
U.G.I,L.G.I -hemoconcentration d. If gastric lavage, use
3. GRADE III ice cold NSS
-circulatory collapse a. administer anti-pyretic but not e. avoid dark colored
ASA foods
b.give Vit.K
c.give Vit.C CLEAN program
d. provide BT
MALARIA/KIN a. Plasmodium ovale Mosquito bite Chills & fever a. COLD stage
G of TROPICAL b. P. malariae ANOPHELES -10-15 mins
Diseases/AGUE c. P. vivax Mosquito - night -chilling sensation
d.P. falcifarum – most biting, slow flowing -shaking, chattering of lips
fatal H2O, rural, lands on b. HOT satge
surface angle of 45 D -4-6 hours
-fever, headache,
abd.pain, vomiting
c. WET stage
-profuse sweating, feeling
of weakness