1- The Coats-Redfern Equation (CR): ln [1-(1-)1-n/T2(1-n)] = ln { AR/Ea[1-2RT/Ea]}-Ea/RT for n 1 1 ln{-ln(1-)/T2} = ln{AR/Ea[1-2RT/Ea]}-Ea/RT for n = 1 2

Where is the fraction of a sample decomposed at time t, T is the derivative peak temperature, A is the frequency factor, Ea the activation energy, R the gas constant and is the heating rate and (1-(2RT/ES)) 1. 2- The Horowitz-Mertzger Equation (HM): ln[1-(1-)1-n/(1-n)] = ln[ARTs2/Ea]-Ea/RTs +Ea/RTs2 for n 1 3 When n = 1, left hand side of the above equation to be used must be [ln(-ln(1-)] instead of ln[1-(1-)(1-n)/(1-n)]. G* = H* - TS*, where G* the Gibbs free energy, H* is the reaction enthalpy, S* is the entropy change for the process and T is the absolute temperature. A plot of left hand side Vs 1/ T in Equations (1,2) and Vs in Equation (3) gives a slope and so Ea can be calculated and A (Arrhenius factor) can be determined from the intercept. The entropy of activation is calculated by using equation S* = 2.303R[log(Ah/KT)], where T is the Peak temperature from the DTG curve. The enthalpy of activation H* can be calculated by using Equation H* = Ea RT ,,, so finally G* = H* - TS*