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VECTORS SUMMARY
1) Scalars: A physical quantity which has only 1200 B A

magnitude is known as scalar Eg:- length, speed, time, volume, mass, energy, frequency, density, pressure ,power, charge, capacitance, potential difference, temperature. Scalar Magnitude + unit
2) Vectors: A vector quantity is the quantity that

Wrong way of reading angle Correct way of reading angle

5) Unit and Null vector: A vector of unit

has both a magnitude and direction and thus can be represented with a vector. Eg:- displacement, velocity acceleration force weight, momentum, torque, moment, electric current, magnetic flux density, electric field. Vector Magnitude + unit + direction

magnitude is called a unit vector. It merely indicates a direction. It doesnt have any dimension and unit. Notation for it in the direction of A is read as A cap. Unit vectors , and lie along the x-, y-, and zaxes. A vector of zero magnitude is called null vector.

6) Negative vector: 7) Multiplication of vectors: 8) 9)

10)5.1

11)
3) Graphical representation of Vectors:

Multiplication by a scalar.
be a vector, and a scalar. Then is a vector.

12)Let

Graphically a vector is represented by an arrow drawn to a chosen scale, parallel to the direction of the vector. Y The length and the direction of the arrow thus, represent the magnitude and the direction of the vector.
4) Angle between vectors:- To find angle

The direction of magnitude is given by . 13)

is parallel to

and its

14)Note that you can form a unit vector n which is

between two vectors both the vectors are A drawn outward from that point. And smaller angle is called the angle between two vectors. Not the greater one.
60 o CODE: ISC-XI-VECTORS(05/05/2011)

parallel to a by setting
B 15)

16)

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17) 18)

19)5.2 Formula for the product of a scalar and a vector in Cartesian Components
20)
21)Let

be a vector and a scalar. Find an expression for the components of the vector Then
22)

23) and hence

24)

25) 26)

CODE: ISC-XI-VECTORS(05/05/2011)