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Wimax
Wimax
Use licensed spectrum (unlicensed too in 802.16a) Metropolitan in scale Provide public network service to feepaying customers Point-to-multipoint architecture with rooftop or tower-mounted antennas
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
Protocol Architecture
Physical layer functions:
o o o
Encoding/decoding of signals Preamble generation/removal Bit transmission/reception On transmission, assemble data into a frame with address and error detection fields On reception, disassemble frame, and perform address recognition and error detection Govern access to the wireless transmission medium
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
Protocol Architecture
Convergence layer functions:
o
Encapsulate PDU framing of upper layers into native 802.16 MAC/PHY frames Map upper layers addresses into 802.16 addresses Translate upper layer QoS parameters into native 802.16 MAC format Adapt time dependencies of upper layer traffic into equivalent MAC service
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
Burst Profiles
Each subscriber station negotiates a burst profile with the base station Burst profiles decided based on QoS needs and channel conditions
o
Harsher environment demands more robust profiles Favorable environment allows efficient profiles
Downlink header used by the base station Uplink header used by the subscriber to convey bandwidth management needs to base station Bandwidth request header used by subscriber to request additional bandwidth
Payload either higher-level data or a MAC control message CRC error-detecting code
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
For continuous transmission (audio/video) Simple TDM scheme is used for channel access Frequency division duplex (FDD) For bursty transmission (IP-based traffic) DAMA-TDMA scheme for channel access FDD with adaptive modulation, frequency shift division duplexing (FSDD), time division duplexing (TDD)
Connections referenced using a 16bit connection identifier (CID) Management channels and transport channels for contracted services
Subscriber station monitors downlink quality Requests a new profile Granted if base station judges possible Base station monitors the uplink signal quality Specifies the new profiles usage code when granting subscriber bandwidth in a frame
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
Both classes request bandwidth per connection for QoS guarantees For GPC, bandwidth explicitly guaranteed to connection For GPSS, bandwidth aggregated into a single grant for SS
Wireless Networks Spring 2007
Requesting Bandwidth
Unsolicited grants
o
No need to request bandwidth for services that generate fixed units of data periodically Negotiated at connection setup time
Send a bandwidth request MAC packet Piggyback request within MAC data packet Polling by base station