Joy of Science #47 & #48

1) Cells are called "cells" because they were thought to resemble the little rooms of a cloistered monestery. Each monk has a private little room or "cell." The discovery of cells was made by the biologist: a) Robert Hooke c) John Edward VanDixon b) Claude Van Damme d) Andres Leipzig

2) Biologists recognize two very different types of cells. There are those with a nucleus and those without. What are these called, respectively? a) Monera and Protera b) Probiotic and Antibiotic c) Binary and Monary d) Eukaryote and Prokaryote

3) Cells that have a nucleus are generally larger, more complex and have more organelles (internal structures). They are found in plants, animals, fungi and protists. Cells without a nucleus are simpler and are bacteria belonging to the Kingdom Monera. a) True b) False 4) What is the largest organelle found in a cell? (Hint: it also contains the genetic material, or blueprint by which the cell reproduces itself) a) golgi bodies b) mitochondra c) chloroplast 5) This is an organelle that is the power plant of the cell: a) golgi bodies c) ventriole b) mitochondra, or in plants, a chloroplast d) nucleus d) nucleus

6) Cells have the ability to specialize into nerve, muscle, red blood and white blood cells. a) True b) False 7) What specialized cell has the ability to fight disease and produce antibodies that fight foreign cells? a) nerve cells b) red blood cells c) white blood cells d) muscle cells

8) This is the name of a doctrine held by Aristotle that was proven to be wrong by the advent of the microscope. It is the belief that inanimate matter is ibued with a life force and then suddenly awakens all around us: a) vitae instantanium c) classical realism b) spontaneous generation d) pantheism

9) The Czech monk Gregor Mendel was the founder of classical genetics, that is, the study of the way that traits are passed on in the process of reproduction. What plant did he study most intensely in his monastery garden? a) pea plants c) carrot plants b) tomato plants d) trees

10) One trait from the two parents is preferred over another and is "expressed" in a child. The other trait is not expressed. What are these genes called, respectively? a) greater and lesser b) ordinate and subordinate c) dominant and recessive d) master and slave

11) Like height and hair color, intelligence and character and entirely a matter of which genes are expressed in humans. a) True b) False