TRAlNlN0 REP0RT 0N:

H|6R0wAVE 60HHUN|6AT|0N &

8|CNAL|NC AT RA|LwAY8
SITE OF TRAINING :
MICROWAV CNTR AN SIGNAI
WORKSHOP,
ZONAI HA Q\ARTR,
N.. RAIIWAY,GORAKHP\R
Submitted By:
Akhilesh Kumar Singh
Roll no. 0828131003
IT!O!CTIO
Indian Railway is a department owned and controlled by
the Govt.oI India,via the Ministry oI Railways.
Indian railway is divided into zones,which are Iurther
divided into divisions.
Gorakhpur is the zonal headquarter oI the North Eastern
Railway zone
Tho formnI InnugurnfIon coromony of I! wns
orformod on l6fh ArII l853 wIfh fho fIrsf
nssongor frnIn sfonmod ouf of Howrnh sfnfIon
dosfInod for HooghIy, n dIsfnnco of 36 km .
.
COT...
If runs l2000 frnIns ovory dny.
If Is fuoI offIcIonf sysfom.
!nIIwnys hns ?500 ongInos,38000 conchos &
nbouf 2.5 Inkh of wngons
?000 sfnfIons & nbouf 500 comuforIzod
nssongor rosorvnfIon confors
l Inkh km of frnck
l? Inkh omIoyoo(l0 Inkh In Crou C) IncIudIng
l0000 offIcors
PRACTICAI TRAINING \NR NR
o hnvo ocoIvod fho schoduIod Summor IrncfIcnI
TrnInIng ns n nrf of our currIcuIum, from 22
nd
Juno,
20ll fo l9
fh
JuIy, 20ll undor IvIsIonnI !nIIwny
Mnnngor orfh Insforn !nIIwny, Cornkhur.
Ms.SunIfn Vormn Is fho ConornI mnnngor, orfh
Insforn !nIIwny nnd Mr.VInod Yndnv Is fho !M of
Cornkhur IvIsIon rosonfIy.
o'vo sfudIod nbouf fho foIIowIng oornfIonnI
fochnoIogIos In fho I!
ModuIo l:!nIIwny sIgnnIIng & SIgnnI worksho
ModuIo 2:MIcrownvo communIcnfIon In !nIIwny
PRINCIPIS OI TRAIN WORKING
AN N IOR SIGNAIING
AII ovor fho worId !nIIwny frnnsorfnfIon Is
IncronsIngIy usod, ns fhIs modo of frnnsorf Is
moro onorgy offIcIonf nnd onvIronmonfnIIy
frIondIy fhnn rond frnnsorfnfIon.
TrnIns movo on sfooI rnII frncks nnd whooIs of
fho rnIIwny vohIcIo nro nIso fInngod SfooI
whooIs. Honco Ionsf frIcfIon occurs nf fho oInf
of confncf bofwoon fho frnck & whooIs.
Thoroforo frnIns cnrry moro Ionds rosuIfIng In
hIghor frnffIc cnncIfy sInco frnIns movo on
socIfIc frncks cnIIod rnIIs, fhoIr nfh Is fo bo
fuIIy guIdod nnd fhoro Is no nrrnngomonf of
sfoorIng.
COT..
CIonr of obsfrucfIon ns nvnIInbIo wIfh rond
frnnsorfnfIon, so fhoro Is n nood fo rovIdo
confroI on fho movomonf of frnIns In fho form of
!nIIwny sIgnnIs whIch IndIcnfo fo fho drIvors fo
sfo or movo nnd nIso fho sood nf whIch fhoy
cnn nss n sIgnnI
SInco fho Iond cnrrIod by fho frnIns nnd fho sood
whIch fho frnIns cnn nffnIn nro hIgh, fhoy nood
moro brnkIng dIsfnnco boforo comIng fo fho sfo
from fuII sood. Ifhouf sIgnnI fo bo nvnIInbIo on
fho roufo fo consfnnfIy guIdo fho drIvor nccIdonfs
wIII fnko Inco duo fo coIIIsIons
RAIIWAY SIGNAIIING & SIGNAI
WORKSHOP
SIgnu!: SIgnnI Is n modIum fo convoy n
nrfIcuInr rodoformInod monnIng In non-vorbnI
form
TrnIns usos sIgnnIIng fo confroI movomonf of
frnIns on frncks nnd dIvIdos frncks Info sovornI
socfIons whIch nro rofocfod by fho sIgnnIs.
COT......
In cuse oI u IuI!uve IIko n brokon wIro, rnII
frncfuro, owor suIy fnIIuro, fnIIuro of fho
sourco fho dofocfor wIII Ioso fho sIgnnI nnd
concIudo fho socfIon Is occuIod by n frnIn. ThIs
wIII nIIow fho dofocfIon fo mnInfnIn snfofy ovon
undor fnIIuro condIfIon nnd snfIsfy roquIrmonfs
of fnII snfofy
Mu!tIp!e Aspect Co!ov IIgLt SIgnu!
(MACIS)MuIfIIo monns moro fhnn 2
IndIcnfIons .Thoy mny hnvo 3 or 4 dIfforonf
nsocfs or IndIcnfIons fo bo gIvon fo fho drIvor.
Thoso sIgnnIs hnvo Iongor rnngo of vIsIbIIIfy nnd
Imrovod roIInbIIIfy.
SIGNAI WORKSHOP
In fho sIgnnI worksho of .I.!nIIwny,
Cornkhur foIIowIng mnchIno nro mnnufncfurod
whIch nro usod ns n nrf of sIgnnIIng sysfom-:
l. !ectvIc poInt mucLIne.
2. Re!uys
PoInts nro rovIdod fo dIvorf fho runnIng frnIns
from ono frnck fo nnofhor. Tho oInfs hnvo
movub!e swItcLes whIch cnn bo oornfod
oIocfrIcnIIy by n oInf mnchIno.
SOII STAT INTRIOCKING
SoIId Sfnfo InforIockIng Is n dnfn-drIvon sIgnnI
confroI sysfom dosIgnod for uso fhroughouf fho
IrIfIsh rnIIwny sysfom.
SSI Is n roIncomonf for oIocfromochnnIcnI
InforIockIngs whIch nro bnsod on hIghIy roIInbIo
roIny fochnoIogy
SSI Is n muIfIcomufor sysfom wIfh fwo nnoI
rocossors, n dIngnosfIc rocossor, nnd fhroo
confrnI InforIockIng rocossors whIch oornfo In
ronIrnbIo frIIo moduInr rodundnncy
SSI MOI!
MICROWAV COMM\NICATION
Tho InfornnfIonnI foIocommunIcnfIons sysfom
roIIos on mIcrownvo nnd snfoIIIfo IInks for Iong-
dIsfnnco InfornnfIonnI cnIIs.
MIcrownvos nro oIocfromngnofIc wnvos whoso
froquoncIos rnngo from l CHz fo l000 CHz.
Thoro nro Inrgo numbor of bnnds In mIcrownvo
rogIon
COT...
Ioforo fho ndvonf of IIbev optIcs, fhoso
mIcrownvos formod fho honrf of fho Iong dIsfnnco
foIohono frnnsmIssIon sysfom.
In Ifs sImIosf form fho mIcrownvo IInk cnn bo
ono ho.
A sIngIo ho Is fyIcnIIy 30 fo 60 km In roInfIvoIy
fInf rogIons for froquoncIos In fho 2 fo 8 CHz
bnnds.
A CII!A! MIC!OAVI SIT!I
MICROWAV TRANSMITTR AN RCIVR-:
Tho voIco, vIdoo, or dnfn chnnnoIs nro combInod
by n fochnIquo known ns muIfIIoxIng fo roduco
n II sIgnnI.
ThIs sIgnnI Is froquoncy moduInfod fo nn II nnd
fhon u convorfod (hoforodynod) fo fho !I for
frnnsmIssIon fhrough fho nfmoshoro.
Tho rovorso rocoss occurs nf fho rocoIvor. Tho
mIcrownvo frnnsmIssIon froquoncIos nro wIfhIn
fho nroxImnfo rnngo 2 fo 24 CHz.
ROI OI MICROWAVS IN PASSNGR
RSRVATION SYSTM-:
In I!S,fho Cornkhur Zono Is connocfod fo fho
mnIn sorvor fhrough communIcnfIon IInos nnd
fhoro Is fho nood of non sfo workIng of I!S In
IndInn !nIIwnys ofhorwIso fhoro wIII bo bIg Ioss
fo IndInn !nIIwnys.
fo Incronso fho roIInbIIIfy of I!S,fho mnIn sorvor
Is nIso connocfod fo fho zonos fhrough mIcrownvo
IInks.In cnso If fhoro Is n fnIIuro In fho hysIcnI
modInfhon fho I!S cnn bo oornfod by
mIcrownvo.
APPIICATION OI MICROWAV IN INIAN
RAIIWAYS-:
confroIIIng of frnIns.
fo gIvo corrocf runnIng nnd sfoIng InformnfIon
of fho frnIns.
If hoI fho rnIIwny sfnff fo communIcnfo for fhIs
uroso.
SfnfIons on nvorngo of 40 km cnn communIcnfo
wIfh onch ofhor by mIcrownvo.
THANK YO\