SJEM1110

Basic Mathematics - Part I

Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya

Tutorial

1. Determine whether each of the following sentences is a statement. (a) In 2003, Dato Najib was the prime minister of the Malaysia. (b) x + 3 is a positive integer. (c) Fifteen is an even number. (d) If Ali is late for the party, then her friend Padma will be quite angry. (e) What time is it? (f) As of June 30, 2010, Malaysia had won the Thomas Cup seven times. 2. Let p, q, r, s denote the following statements: p q r s : : : : I nish writing my computer program before lunch. I shall play tennis in the afternoon. The sun is shining. The humidity is low.

Write the following in symbolic form. (a) If the sun is shining, I shall play tennis this afternoon. (b) Finishing the writing of my computer program before lunch in necessary for my playing tennis this afternoon. (c) Low humidity and sunshine are sucient for me to play tennis this afternoon.

3. Construct a truth table for each of the following compound statements, where p, q, r denote primitive statements. (a) (p q) p (b) (p q) (q p) (c) q (p q) (d) [(p q) (q r)] (p r)

4. Let p, q, r denote primitive statements. (a) Use truth tables to verify the following logical equivalences. (i) p (q r) (p q) (p r) (ii) [(p q) r] [(p r) (q r)] (iii) [p (q r)] [r (p q)] (b) Use the substitution rules to show that [p (q r)] [(p q) r].

1/2

SJEM1110 5. Negate and express each of the following statements in smooth English.

Tutorial 1

(a) Maria will get a good education if she puts her studies before her interest in cheerleading. (b) Norma is doing her homework, and Karen is practicing her piano lesson. (c) If Harold passes his C++ course and nishes his data structures project, then he will graduate at the end of the semester. 6. Negate each of the following and simplify the resulting statement. (a) p (q r) (p q r) (b) (p q) r (c) p (q r) (d) p q (p q r) 7. For primitive statements p, q, (a) verify that p [ q (p q)] is a tautology. (b) verify that (p q) [ q q ] is a tautology by using the result from part (a) along with the substitution rules and the laws of logic. (c) is (p q) [ q (p q)] a tautology?

2/2